Logistics involves the management of the flow of goods between the point of origin and point of consumption. The document discusses logistics by roadways and railways in India. It provides details on: - India's large road and rail network that carries most freight and passenger traffic. Roadways face issues like congestion while rail faces capacity constraints. - Key aspects of road logistics like types of vehicles used, and projects to expand highways. Rail freight includes transport of containers, bulk goods, and specialized wagons. - Dedicated freight corridors are being developed to separate freight and passenger traffic on railways. This aims to boost rail's modal share through improved services and productivity.

1. Logisticsby Roadways& Railways
Tikeswar Naik
MT14IND024
Industrial engineering
Visvesvaraya national institute technology , Nagpur

2. What is Logistics??
• Logistics is the management of the flow of goods between the
point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet
some requirements, of customers or corporations.
• logistics can include physical items, such as food, materials,
animals, equipment and liquids, as well as abstract items,
such as time, information, particles, and energy.
• The logistics of physical items usually involves the
integration of information flow, material
handling, production, packaging, inventory, transportation,
warehousing, and often security.

3. Logistic by Roadways
• Means by which a shipment is moved from point “A” to point “B” by
road
• Cargo can’t be handled in every part of the country through railway.
• Roadways play major role in handling cargo even in small town.
• Roadways transportation is done through truck/lorries.
• There are no. of lorries having different capacities.

4. Introduction- Indian road logistics
• Some Facts…….
 India is having second largest road network in world.(3.38 million KM)
 Road network carry nearly 65% of freight and 85% of passenger traffic
 Average speed on Indian highways is 30 km per hour, which is three times
lower than the average speed on highways in developed countries.
 Roads in India are divided into the following five categories:
 National Highways (NH)
 State Highways (SH)
 Major District Roads (MDR)
 Other District Roads (ODR)
 Village Roads (VR)
 National highways form only 2% of the total roads by length and carry about
40% of the traffic
 Out of total length of national highways:
 27 % - single lane/intermediate lane
 59 % - double-lane standard
 14 % - four-lane/ six-lane/ eight lane standard

5. Indian Road Network
Types of road Length(in KM) % of total
National Highway 65,569 2.00
State Highway 131,899 4.00
Major District road 467,763 14.10
Village & other road 2,650,000 79.90
Total 3,315,231 100

6. Major Road Projects
NHDP & Other NHAI Projects
Total
Length
(Km.)
Already
4/6Laned
(Km.)
Under
Implementat
ion (Km.)
Contracts
Under
Implementa
tion (No.)
Balance
length for
award
(Km.)
GQ 5,846
5,846
(100.00%)
0 0 -
NS - EW
Ph. I & II
7,142 6,360 365 42 417
Port
Connectivity
380 379 1 1 0
NHDP Phase III 12,109 6,393 4,373 89 1,343
NHDP Phase IV 14,799 942 5,904 55 7,953
NHDP Phase V 6,500 2,001 2,080 27 2,419
NHDP Phase VI 1,000 - - - 1,000
NHDP Phase VII 700 22 19 1 659
NHDP Total 48,476 21,943 12,742 215 13,791
NHDP
Others (Ph.-I, Ph.-II & Misc.) 1754 1428 326 10 -
SARDP -NE 388 99 12 1 277
Total by NHAI 50,618 23,470 13,080 226 14,068

7. Share of different mode of Transport in India’s
GDP
Sector 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14
Transport of
which:
5.7 5.8 5.9 6.2 6.2 6.4
Road Transport 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5
Railways 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2
Water transport 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
Air transport 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2
services 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

8. Indian Road Logistics-Comparison

9. Road logistic in India
 Golden Quadrilateral
• The Golden Quadrilateral is a highway
network connecting India's four largest
metros : Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata
• First phase of the National Highways
Development Project .
• The second phase involves the
development of the North-South and East-
West links, which runs from Srinagar to
Kanyakumari and from Porbunder to
Silchar
• The project aims of building 5,846 km
(3,633 mi) of four/six lane express
highways at a cost US$12.2 billion

10. Road logistic in India
Advantage & Disadvantage
A very popular mode of transport used by supplier and business to deliver orders.
Many transport companies provide scheduled delivery days and next day delivery
services, depending upon the needs. Goods can be packed/grouped in box vans or
in containers which are also used for sea transportation.
 Cost effective
 Fast delivery
 Ideal for short distance
 Ideal for transporting perishable
(fruits & vegetable)
 Easy monitor location of goods
 Easy to communicate with driver
 Transport subject to traffic delays
 Transport subject to break down
 Goods susceptible to damage
through careless driving
 Bad weather
 Driving regulation can cause delay

11. Key players in Indian Road logistic

12. Key players in Indian Road logistic
• Services provided
 Container Movement : It moves containers on monthly basis between Port
and (de)stuffing points
 Full Truck Load (FTL) Transportation: It can move the Full Truck Load
Cargo all over India.
 Less than Truck Load (LTL) Transportation: It has specific routes all over
India to move small cargo loads to give customers flexibility and economic
advantage
 32 feet Containerized Vehicles: These trucks are specially designed to
provide you with a very cost effective transport solution, leading up to a
30% saving on your transportation
 Hazardous Cargo Transportation: It can move your chemicals and
inflammable materials to all destinations across India via ISO tank
containers and specially designed vehicles
 Premium Car Transportation: This custom built vehicle is specially
designed for the transportation of Single Premium Cars from your doorstep
to destination

13. Key players in Indian Road logistic
Long Haul truck Mining truck Distribution truck
Steel
container
Refrigerated
container Ambulance Aluminium FSD

14. Key players in Indian Road logistic
• Defense

15. Key issue in indian Road logistics
• Road capacity in India is very low with most national
highways having two lanes or less.
• Congestion of roads is a major problem with a quarter of all of
India's highways being congested.
• The average productivity of a truck in India is an abysmal 200
kms a day which could be increased to 350 - 400 kms just by
reduction in congestion
• Transportation of goods by road is too much time consuming.
• Lack participation of private sector
• Maintainance

16. Key issue in indian Road logistics

17. Logistic by railways

18. Railways
• Railway play a major role in cargo handling
• Railway handle cargo from sea port to various part of the
country.
• Railway has special wagons to carry the cargo.
• Through railway large volume of cargo can be handled in a
short period of time.

19. Logistic by railways
World’s fourth-largest rail network:
• Indian Railways had 12,335 passenger trains carrying over 30
million passengers daily. On the commercial front, 1,119 million
tonnes of freight was transported via trains
• It has a total route network of about 64,600 kilometres (of which
29.98 per cent is double/multi-track) spread across 7,146 stations.
• Operates more than 19,000 trains every day
• It has 239,321 wagons, 61,899 coaches, and 9,549 locomotives

20. Indian railway-Zones
1. Central railway
2. Eastern railway
3. East central railway
4. East coast railway
5. Northern railway
6. North Central Railway
7. North Eastern Railway
8. North Frontier Railway
9. North Western Railway
10. Southern Railway
11. South Central Railway
12. South Eastern Railway
13. South East Central Railway
14. South Western Railway
15. Western Railway
16. West Central Railway

21. • Railways has two major segments
Passenger :-
 About 12,335 passenger trains were in operation in FY14
 Over 30 million passengers travel by trains on a daily basis in
India
Freight :-
 Around 1,119 million tonnes of freight was transported via
trains in FY14
 These include a huge variety of goods like mineral ores, iron
and steel, fertilizers, petrochemicals, and agricultural produce

22. Railway freight structure
 Ability to pay principle
 Speed
 Distance
 Liability of risk (Railways’s risk & Owner’s risk)
 Types of Wagon(closed, open , refrigerated)
 Liability to damage- (premium attached)
 Nature of commodity-Liability to inflammation/explosion
 Nature of commodity- size and packing of commodity

23. Indian railways-Service provided
• Freight
• Freight remains the major
revenue earning segment for
the railways, accounting for
67 per cent of total revenues
in FY14 .
• Last 2 decades, shifted to
large container movement.
• Majority of earnings comes
from carrying bulk goods like
iron ore , coal, crude oil.

24. Strong growth in freight traffic
745
804 837
892 926 975
1,038
1,119
1,206
1,300
1,405
FY 7 FY8 FY 9 FY 10 FY 11 FY 12 FY 13 FY 14 FY 15 FY 16 FY 17
FREIGHT TRAFFIC(million tonnes)

25. Types of goods wagon or freight car
BOXNHL
for the transportation of bulk goods
that are not moisture-retentive and
can usually be tipped, dumped or
shovelled
BOBYN
used to transport loose bulk
commodities such as coal, ore, grain,
and track ballast

26. Types of goods wagon or freight car
BCNHL
FLAT WAGON
generally used to carry general freight
Flat wagons are used for loads that are
too large or cumbersome to load in
enclosed cars such as covered wagon

27. Dedicated freight corridor
DFCCIL, a special purpose vehicle, was set up for implementing
the DFC project under the administrative control of the Ministry
of Railways
The plan is to construct dedicated freight lines along the Eastern
and Western parts of India
Total length: 3,300 kilometres; total estimated cost: USD16.7
billion; project scheduled for completion in FY17

28. Objectives…DFCCIL
 Increase rail freight share through customised logistic
services
 Segregate freight and passenger lines for focused
approach
 Create additional freight capacity to meet demand
 Introduce time-tabled freight services to ensure better
services
 Adopt high-end technology for real-time data analysis
 Reduce unit cost of transportation and increase
productivity

29. Inherent advantages of the
rail container transport
Lower transportation cost
Higher reliability
Relatively safer and secure
Very environmentally friendly
Reduced accidents.

30. Key player in railways logistic
 Navratna PSU under the Indian Ministry of Railways
 CONCOR operates three core businesses: cargo carrier
, terminal operator, and warehouse operator

31. Logistics Sectors
• Oil & Gas sector
Transportation of drilling rigs, equipment for oil processing
plants, equipment for gas supply, dehydrators, oxygen plants,
compressors, rectification columns and tanks

32. Logistics Sectors
• Energy sector
Transportation of transformers, columns, gas and steam
turbines, power cables

33. Logistics Sectors
• Mining sector
• Transportation of mining excavators and dump trucks,
equipment for coal extraction, mobile crasher, machinery for
vertical and horizontal drilling

34. Logistics Sectors
• Agriculture
• Transportation of harvesters, seeding-machines, tractors,
cotton-harvesters

35. Logistics Sectors
• Construction
• Transportation of gantry and lattice-jib cranes, excavators,
bulldozers, pipelayers.

36. reference
• https://www.kpmg.com/DE/de/Documents/Logistics_Game_Changers_Tr
ansforming_India_logistics_industry_2013.pdf
• www.ibef.org
• www.wikipedia.com

37. Thank you

38. 1) what is logistics? What are the different types
of logistics?
2) What are the advantage and disadvantage of
road logistics?
3) What are the key issue of indian road
logistics?
4) What are the different type of rail freight
structure?
5) What is the advantages of rail container
transport?