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Literature of Pre colonial and Spanish colonization
- 2. Two types of Literature • Oral Literature • Written Literature
- 4. • The literature of a formative past by the various groups of people who inhabited the archipelago • A literature of varying human interest • Close to the religious and political organizations of the ancient Filipinos • The verses were addressed to the ears rather than the eyes
- 5. Types of Written Literature • Proverbs/salawikain/sawikain • Chants • Songs • Folktales • Fable • Epic • Legend • Myth
- 6. Examples of Ancient Filipino Poetry Dalawang Balon Hindi Malingon Sa araw ay Bunbong Sa gabi ay dahon
- 7. Sang dalagang marikit Nakaupo sa tinik Kung bayaa’y nabubuhay Kung himasi’y namamatay
- 8. Riddle (bugtong) • Made up of one or more measured lines with rhymes and may consist of 4 to 12 syllables • Showcase the Filipino wit, literary talent, and keen observation of the surroundings • Involves reference to one or two images that symbolize the characteristics of an unknown object that is to be guessed
- 9. Purpose of Bugtong • To entertain. living in remote areas, before the advent of electricity, families would sit around the fire and the elders would quiz the younger generation with riddles. • To educate. riddles serve the function of passing down knowledge from one generation to the next. They require thinking in order to solve them. • To titillate. many old Filipino riddles contain double entendres that were intended to amuse the men and shock the women. • To curse, without expressly cursing. a riddle could be made up against an enemy, rival town, or suitor. • To preserve the culture. riddles communicate the old ways from one generation to the next.
- 10. Example • Ate mo, ate ko, Ate ng lahat ng tao.(My sister, your sister, everyone's sister) • Atis (Sugar Apple)
- 11. Salawikain & Sawikain • Epigrams/maxims/proverbs • Short poems that have been customarily been used and served as laws or rules on good behavior by our ancestors • Allegories or parables that impart lessons for the young • Often expressing a single idea, that is usually satirical and had a witty ending • Maxims- rhyming couplets (5,6,8 syllables)
- 12. • Example of salawikain – Ang matapat na kaibigan, tunay na maaasahan. - - -You will know a true friend in time of need.
- 13. • Example of Sawikain – kumukulo ang dugo "blood is boiling" = is very angry – isulat sa tubig "write on water" = forget about it Ex of Maxims – Pag hindi ukol, Hindi bubukol. -means What is not intended for one will not bear fruit.
- 14. BULONG (chants) • Used in witchcraft or enchantments • Sa hinaba-haba ng prusisyon Sa simbahan din pala ang tuloy Hele hele Bago kyeme Halimbawa (for example): Tabi, tabi po, Ingkong Makikiraan po lamang.
- 15. Kasabihan (sayings) • Used in teasing or to comment on a persons’ acutations – “Catitibay ca tolos Sacaling datnang agos Aco’ I momonting lomot Sa iyo’ I popolopot” • Nag-almusal mag-isa Kaning lamig, tinapa; Nahulog ang kutsara Ikaw na sana, sinta
- 16. Ambahan • usually chanted • teaches lessons about life • recited by parents to educate their children, by the youth to express their love, by the old to impart experiences, or by the community in tribal ceremonies • on some occasions like burial rites, the ambahan is used for entertainment
- 17. Myths • derived from Philippine folk literature, which is the traditional oral literature of the Filipino people. This refers to a wide range of material due to the ethnic mix of the Philippines • There are many different creation myths in Philippine mythology, originating from various ethnic groups. – Story of Bathala – Visayan version – The legend of Maria Makiling
- 18. • Presence of different deities – Ex. Bathala • Lakambakod • Mythical creatures – Aswang – Dila – Diwata – Dwende – Tikbalang – Mankukulam
- 19. Ancient Metrical Tales • Ifugao – Hudhud hi Aliguyon • Ilocos – Biagni Lam-ang • Bicol - Ibalon • Mindanao – Darangan • Panay – Hinilawod • Bagobo - Tuwaang • Kalinga – Ulaliim • Manobo – Agyu or Olahing • Subanon - Sandayo
- 20. Ancient Metrical Tales • Aliguyon – the exploits of Aliguyon as he battles his arch-enemy, Pambukhayon • Biagni Lam-Ang – tells of the adventuresvof Lam-Ang who exhibits extraordinary powers at a very early age. • Ibalon – the story of three Bicol heroes: Baltog, Handiong, Bantiong • Hinilawod – oldest and longest epic poem in Panay – the exploits of three Sulodnon demigod brothers, LabawDonggon, Humadapnon and Dumalapdap of ancient Panay
- 22. Folk Songs • a form of folk lyric which expresses the people’s hopes, aspirations, and lifestyles • traditional songs and melodies • inspired by the reaction of the people to their environment
- 23. • uyayi – lullaby • komintang – war song • kundiman – melancholic love song • harana – serenade • tagay – drinking song • mambayu – Kalinga rice-pounding song • subli – dance-ritual song of courtship /marriage • Tagulaylay- songs of the dead
- 24. Characteristics of Phil. Literature during Pre-colonial period: • Oral tradition • Crude of ideology & phraseology • Expresses hopes & aspirations • It explains how the world created • Cultured
- 25. Philippine Literature Under Spanish Colonial
- 26. • Spanish colonization in the Philippines started in 1565 during the time of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, the first Spanish governor- general in the Philippines. • Literature started to flourish during his time.
- 27. • The Spaniards colonized the Philippines for more than three centuries. • The Spanish colonizers wanted to undermine the native oral tradition by substituting for it the story of the Passion of Christ. However, the native tradition survived and even flourished in areas inaccessible to the Spaniards.
- 28. • The church authorities adopted a policy of spreading the Church doctrines by communicating to the natives in their own language. – Doctrina Christiana (1593), the first book to be printed in the Philippines, was a prayerbook written in Spanish with an accompanying Tagalog translation.
- 29. • The task of translating religious instructional materials forced the Spanish missionaries to employ natives as translators. • Eventually, these natives learned to read and write both in Spanish and in their native tongue. Ladinos- bilingual natives - They published their works, mainly devotional poetry, in the first decade of the 17th century.
- 30. • Gaspar Aquino de Belen -Filipino poet and Pilipino translator -famous critic -famous poet and translator in 17th century - he wrote the Mahal na Pasion ni Jesu Christo, a Tagalog poem based on Christ's passion, was published in 1704.
- 31. • In the 18th century, secular literature from Spain in the form of medieval ballads inspired the native poetic-drama form called the komedya, later to be called moro- moro because these often dealt with the theme of Christians triumphing over Muslims.
- 33. Pedro Alejandro Paterno Name: Pedro Alejandro Paterno De Vera Ignacio • He wrote the first Filipino novel in 1885 and published on 1908. • Written as a response to the accusation that Filipinos possessed no distinct culture , Ninay was written in the tradition of costumbrismo , a movement in Spanish literature in the 19th century.
- 34. • The first Filipino novel was "Ninay," written in Spanish by Pedro Paterno.
- 35. Prominent figures during Spanish Colonial Period Fransisco Balagtas Baltazaar also known as Francisco Balagtas(1788-1862) • the acknowledged master of traditional Tagalog poetry. • Known as “Prince of Filipino Poet” • He is the Father of Balagtasan
- 36. • His narrative poem, "Florante at Laura“, written in sublime Tagalog, is about tyranny in Albanya, but it is also perceived to be about the tyranny in his Filipino homeland.
- 37. Jose Rizal (1861-1896), Name:Jose Propetacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda Birthdate:June 19, 1861 Political Party:La Liga Filipina, Katipunan -ang dakilang manunulat -he is the “Philippine National Hero”
- 38. • Rizal's two novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and its sequel, "El Filibusterismo“, chronicle the life and ultimate death of Ibarra, a Filipino educated in abroad, who attempts to reform his country through education.
- 39. • Inspired by Rizal and his two novels were Andres Bonifacio (1863-1897) and his closest aide, Emilio Jacinto (1875-1899). Both were writers and social critics who were profoundly influenced by the liberal ideas of the French enlightenment.
- 40. 11 Facts of Andres Bonifacio 1. Emilio Aguinaldo was the one who killed Andres Bonifacio. 2. Bonifacio was hacked to death with a bolo. 3. He made his first declaration of independence inside a cave. 4. Bonifacio is a theater actor. 5. Bonifacio’s “SOKA” (State of the Katipunan Address)
- 41. 6.Bonifacio was a middle-class Filipino. 7.Bonifacio was self-educated. 8.His favorite food is “nilitsong sa zaha”. 9.He has only one existing photograph. 10.Bonifacio once dressed as a woman. 11.He fought with a revolver, not a bolo.
- 42. Leona Florentino • was a Filipino poet in the Spanish and Ilocano languages. She is considered as the "mother of Philippine women's literature“. • she married in the age of 14 • her husband is Ellias De los Reyes • became the foremost Ilocano writer of her time. • her family left her because of feminist writings
- 43. Some of her works: • Blasted hopes • Nalpay a Namnama • Naangaw a cablaw • Leon XIII
- 44. Pre-colonial play during Spanish colonial time • Cenakulo • Salubong (sugat) • Panunuluyan • Zarzuela • Tibag • Lagaylay • Carillo • Moro moro • Scienite • Karagatan • Duplo • Balagtasan • Awit • Korido • Dung-aw
- 45. Pre colonial folksong during Spanish colonial time • Leron leron sinta • Pamulinawen • Dandansoy • Sarung banggi • Atin cu pung singsing
- 46. •WAKAS Made bY: REZEILL JUMAO-AS ARTCHEL TIPONTIPON AILYN ASINGUA REGINE HUYO-A