During the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines, Spanish colonizers introduced the Roman alphabet and banned the native Alibata script. They also brought European literature and established the first printing presses. This period saw the development of oral literature, religious drama, songs, and poetry in Tagalog as a form of resistance. The American period was characterized by the introduction of free public education in English, which led to the emergence of a new educated class and literature in English, including novels, short stories, poems, and works that imitated American models. Significant works during this time included Banaag at Sikat, the first Tagalog novel, and "How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife", one of the earliest short stories in

1. Philippine Literatu
Midterm Group

2. SpaniSh Colonial period

3. Spanish occupied Philippines
in early 15th
century. The First
Filipino alphabet is Alibata –
when Spanish colonized
Philippines they changed
alibatas into Roman alphabet.
Spanish banned the use of
Alibata because they believed
that it is a work of evil. So
Spanish fully introduced the
Spanish literary language using
many Spanish terms.

4. The European literature was
brought by the Spaniards
and are assimilated in
Filipino songs and
indigenous themes.
The early printing press in
the Philippine is run and
monopolized by the
Spaniards friars.

5. During Spanish colonization
Filipinos felt that they being
harassed by the Spaniards.
Then the Birth of the
Propaganda movement and
La Solidaridad.
Then Filipino fought and
introduced Tagalog to be the
language of revolution of the
nationalist movement.

6. SpaniSh Colonial period
literature
under
SpaniSh Colonial period
literature
under

7. ORAL
LITERATURE
DRAMA
SONGS
RELIGIOUS
DRAMA

8. SONGS
A song is a composition
for voice or voices,
performed by singing. A
choral or vocal song may
be accompanied
by musical instruments,
or it may be
unaccompanied, as in the
case of a cappella songs.
The lyrics (words) of
songs are typically of
a poetic, rhyming nature,
though they may
be religious verses or
free prose.

9. SONGS
This song depicts
humbleness. It's the
story of a man who tries
to show what he got to
win the heart of his
beloved one.
LERON
LERON
SINTA

10. SONGS
a Kundiman which
means “one night” or
“one evening” in Bicol.
A kundiman is a
Filipino love song
traditionally sung by a
man wooing the woman
of his dreams.
SARUMBANGG
I

11. reliGiouS draMa
The religious drama, as setting
forth events recorded in the Bible or
moral lessons to be drawn from
religious teaching, is distinctively
medieval in character, and in origin
is closely connected with the
services of the
Church.

12. RELIGIOUS DRAMA
Panunuluyan
(Tagalog for "asking for lodgings")
is a Philippine Christmas dramatic
ritual narrating the Holy Family's
search for a place to stay in
Bethlehem for
Jesus Christ's birth through song.

13. DRAMA
Drama is the
specific mode of fiction represented
in performance. The enactment of
drama in theatre, performed
by actors on a stage before
an audience, presupposes
collaborative modes of
production and a collective form of
reception.

14. DRAMA
“Why Women Wash the Dishes” is a play
that depicts a betting game between couple
whom either one would not like to wash the
dishes. The play is filled with
humor and antiques.
Bakit Babae ang Naghuhugas ng Pinggan

15. WRITTEN
LITERATURE
SHORT
STORIES
POETRY

16. POETRY
Poetry is an imaginative awareness of
experience expressed through meaning, sound,
and rhythmic language choices so as to evoke
an emotional response. Poetry has been known
to employ meter and rhyme, but this is by no
means necessary. The very nature of poetry as
an authentic and individual mode of expression
makes it nearly impossible to define.

17. The story is about the love and
determination of the Duke Florante
and the Princess Laura of Albania
while being pursued by the usurper
Count Adolfo.
POETRY
FLORANTE AT
LAURA

18. A short story is a brief
work of literature,
usually written
in narrative prose.
A classic definition of
a short story is that
one should be able to
read it in one sitting
SHOR
T
STOR
IES

19. The short story revolves
around one thing –
Freedom. Or more
clearly, it seeks to
define what is freedom,
and what sense it makes
to those who are not
free; slaved for the
atonement of their sins.
SHOR
T
STOR
IES
CONVICT’S
TWILIGHT

20. RIZAL AND HIS
CONTEMPORARIES
JOSE
RIZAL
MARCELO
DEL PILARANDRES
BONIFACIO

21. SELECTED
WORKS OF
He is considered one
of the national heroes of
the Philippines. Studying in
Europe, he was the most prominent
advocate for reform in the
Philippines during the Spanish
colonial era. He was wrongly
implicated as the leader of the
Katipunan Revolution, and that led
to his execution on December 30,
1896, now celebrated as Rizal Day,
a national holiday in the country.
JOSE RIZAL

22. SELECTED
WORKS OF
MI ULTIMO
ADIOS
A poem written by Philippine national
hero Dr José Rizal on the eve of
his execution on 30 December 1896.
This poem was one of the last notes
he wrote before his death; another
that he had written was found in his
shoe but because the text was
illegible, its contents remains a
mystery.

23. SELECTED
WORKS OF
MARCELO H.
DEL PILAR
He was a celebrated figure
in the Philippine Revolution
and a leading propagandist
for reforms in the
Philippines. Popularly
known as Plaridel, he was
the editor and co-publisher
of La Solidaridad
(The Solidarity).

24. SELECTED
WORKS OF
MARCELO H.
DEL PILAR
This is a satire on the
friars' hypocrisy,
licentiousness and greed,
which consists of parodies
of the Sign of the Cross, the
Act of Contrition, the
Lord's Prayer, the Hail
Mary, and the catechism.
Rizal considers this as a
model of classical prose
and an excellent example of
Tagalog humor, wit, and
DASALAN AT
TOCSOHAN

25. SELECTED
WORKS OF
He was a founder and later
Supremo of the Katipunan
movement which sought the
independence of the Philippines
from Spanish colonial rule and
started the
Philippine
Revolution.
ANDRESBONIFACIO
“Father of
the Philippine
Revolution,"

26. SELECTED
WORKS OF
ANDRESBONIFACIO
This poem which
was first published in the
Diariong Tagalog. As the title
indicates, the theme is directed to
the Filipinos in order to arouse
their spirit of
nationalism
and
self-dependence.
PAG-IBIG SA
TINUBUANG
LUPA

27. AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD

28. Philippine literary
production during the
American Period in the
Philippines was spurred by
two significant
developments in education
and culture. One is the
introduction of free public
instruction for all children of
school age and two, the
use of English as medium
of instruction in all levels of
education in public schools.

29. Free public education
made knowledge and
information accessible to a
greater number of
Filipinos. Those who
availed of this education
through college were able
to improve their social
status and joined a good
number of educated
masses who became part
of the country’s middle
class.

30. The use of English as
medium of instruction
introduced Filipinos to
Anglo-American modes of
thought, culture and life
ways that would be
embedded not only in the
literature produced but also
in the psyche of the
country’s educated class. It
was this educated class
that would be the
wellspring of a vibrant

31. Philippine literature in
English, as a direct result
of American colonization of
the country, could not
escape being imitative of
American models of writing
especially during its period
of apprenticeship.

32. AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
LITERATURE
under

33. Romantic
Poetry
Short
Stories
LITERATURE
UNDER
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
Tagalog
Novel
Beginning of
Phil Lit
in English

34. TAGALO
G
NOVEL
A novel is a
long prose narrati
ve
that describes
fictional
characters and
events in the form
of a sequential
story, usually. A
Tagalog novel is a
novel written in,
of course, Tagalog.

35. TAGALO
G
NOVEL
is one of the first literary
novels written
by Filipino author Lope
K. Santos in
the Tagalog language in
1906. As a book that
was considered as the
"Bible of working class
Filipinos", the pages of
the novel revolves
around the life of Delfin,
his love for a daughter
of a rich landlord, while
Lope K.
Banaag at Sikat

36. Romantic Poetry
The dominant theme of
Romantic poetry: the filtering
of natural emotion through
the human mind in order to
create art, coupled with an
awareness of the duality
created
by such a process.

37. Romantic Poetry
PAG-IBIGJose Corazon De
Jesus
José Corazón de Jesús , was
a Filipino poet
who used Tagalog poetry to express
the Filipinos' desire for independence
during the American occupation of
the Philippines,
a period that lasted from 1901 to 1946.
He is best known for being the
lyricist of the Filipino song
yan Ko.

38. SHORT
STORIES
A short story is a
brief work
of literature,
usually written
in narrative prose
. A classic
definition of a
short story is
that one should be
able to read it in
one sitting

39. SHORT
STORIES This is a short
story written by
Alejandro Roces
during his freshman
year in Arizona
State University. He
was well known for
his humorous stories
and whit in writing.
“We Filipinos are
Mild Drinkers” is
dated back to the
1940s.
We Filipinos Are
Mild Drinkers

40. Beginning
of
Philippine
Literature
in
English
Philippine literature in
English By 1901, public
education was
institutionalized in the
Philippines, with English
serving as the medium of
instruction. That year,
around 600 educators in
the S.S. Thomas to
replace the soldiers who
had been serving as the
first teachers.

41. Beginning
of
Philippine
Literature
in
English
"How My Brother Leon
Brought Home a Wife"
A story about an occasion
that would be a big day in
the life of any family, the
day one of the sons of
the family brings hope
the woman he intends to
marry. The story is told
in the first person by
Leon's younger brother.