The document discusses literature from the 21st century and Philippine literary history. It covers several periods of Philippine literary history: pre-colonial, Spanish, American, Japanese, contemporary and modern. The pre-colonial period included folk speeches, songs, tales and epics told orally. The Spanish period saw influences like the introduction of the Roman alphabet and Spanish as the literary language. Literature from this time included religious and secular poems, narratives and plays. The periods that followed also saw shifts and influences in Philippine literature from their colonizers.
The document summarizes Philippine pre-colonial literature from before 1564 up until the Spanish colonization. It discusses how pre-colonial literature was orally transmitted and covered topics of common experience. Forms included riddles, proverbs, songs, poems, narratives, dances and epics. Indigenous culture was preserved through resistance, isolation or using perishable materials. The literature expressed Filipino wisdom and identity prior to colonial influences.
Pre-colonial and Spanish colonial Philippine LiteratureBrian_Enero
This document summarizes pre-colonial and Spanish colonial literature in the Philippines. It describes the main genres of literature during the pre-colonial period like proverbs, folktales, songs, and epics. It then discusses how Spanish colonization impacted literature by introducing religious themes and new genres like religious drama, zarzuela plays, and moro-moro plays that depicted Christian victories over Muslims. Specific literary works from each period are also mentioned like Biag ni Lam-ang and Florante at Laura. The document concludes by noting that the information provided only offers a shallow overview of these topics.
Literary History of the Philippines (Pre-Colonialism Period)Jessa Irinco Cerbito
The document outlines three periods in the literary history of the Philippines: pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial. In the pre-colonial period, early forms included epics, legends, riddles and proverbs which were orally transmitted. Literary works were preserved on materials like bark and bamboo. Common forms included riddles, proverbs, chants, poems and epics which taught lessons and explained natural phenomena. The colonial period saw the introduction of Spanish religious works and the development of a formative language. The post-colonial period marked the rise of nationalist literature after independence.
During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines from 1941-1945:
1. Philippine literature in English came to a halt as newspapers in English were banned by the Japanese, while Filipino literature in the Filipino language experienced renewed attention as writers switched from English.
2. In Filipino poetry, common themes included nationalism, love, and rural life. Popular poetic forms included haiku, tanaga, and free verse. Notable Filipino plays were adapted from English and performed by theater groups.
3. The short story flourished with many writers producing works. Awards were given to recognize the best short stories of 1945.
4. Philippine literature in English experienced a difficult period under Japanese censorship but some journalists
This document discusses awiting-bayan, a form of Philippine folk literature and folk music. It provides genres of awiting-bayan such as rowing songs, boat songs, love songs, lullabies, and battle songs. Examples of lyrics are provided for different genres. Awiting-bayan reflects the customs, experiences, beliefs and livelihood of Filipino people and expresses various emotions.
The document discusses different forms and genres of traditional Philippine literature that were passed down orally from generation to generation, including riddles, folk songs, epics, poems, and creation myths. It provides examples and descriptions of various oral literary works like ambahan, hudhud, kundiman, and explains how they were used to educate, entertain, preserve culture and traditions, impart lessons, and express ideas and emotions.
This document provides an overview of folk literature in the Philippines. It discusses the main classifications and types of folk narratives, including myths, legends, folktales, and folk epics. It also covers folk speech such as proverbs and riddles, as well as folk songs. Different genres of folk literature often use oral traditions to pass down stories, convey lessons, or describe aspects of daily life and culture. Motifs in myths commonly involve transformation or tales of faithful lovers. Legends and folktales aim to entertain as well as teach lessons. Folk epics recount heroic deeds and involve supernatural elements. Proverbs, riddles, and poems are concise forms that reflect local perspectives and traditions. Folk songs encomp
The document summarizes Philippine pre-colonial literature from before 1564 up until the Spanish colonization. It discusses how pre-colonial literature was orally transmitted and covered topics of common experience. Forms included riddles, proverbs, songs, poems, narratives, dances and epics. Indigenous culture was preserved through resistance, isolation or using perishable materials. The literature expressed Filipino wisdom and identity prior to colonial influences.
Pre-colonial and Spanish colonial Philippine LiteratureBrian_Enero
This document summarizes pre-colonial and Spanish colonial literature in the Philippines. It describes the main genres of literature during the pre-colonial period like proverbs, folktales, songs, and epics. It then discusses how Spanish colonization impacted literature by introducing religious themes and new genres like religious drama, zarzuela plays, and moro-moro plays that depicted Christian victories over Muslims. Specific literary works from each period are also mentioned like Biag ni Lam-ang and Florante at Laura. The document concludes by noting that the information provided only offers a shallow overview of these topics.
Literary History of the Philippines (Pre-Colonialism Period)Jessa Irinco Cerbito
The document outlines three periods in the literary history of the Philippines: pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial. In the pre-colonial period, early forms included epics, legends, riddles and proverbs which were orally transmitted. Literary works were preserved on materials like bark and bamboo. Common forms included riddles, proverbs, chants, poems and epics which taught lessons and explained natural phenomena. The colonial period saw the introduction of Spanish religious works and the development of a formative language. The post-colonial period marked the rise of nationalist literature after independence.
During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines from 1941-1945:
1. Philippine literature in English came to a halt as newspapers in English were banned by the Japanese, while Filipino literature in the Filipino language experienced renewed attention as writers switched from English.
2. In Filipino poetry, common themes included nationalism, love, and rural life. Popular poetic forms included haiku, tanaga, and free verse. Notable Filipino plays were adapted from English and performed by theater groups.
3. The short story flourished with many writers producing works. Awards were given to recognize the best short stories of 1945.
4. Philippine literature in English experienced a difficult period under Japanese censorship but some journalists
This document discusses awiting-bayan, a form of Philippine folk literature and folk music. It provides genres of awiting-bayan such as rowing songs, boat songs, love songs, lullabies, and battle songs. Examples of lyrics are provided for different genres. Awiting-bayan reflects the customs, experiences, beliefs and livelihood of Filipino people and expresses various emotions.
The document discusses different forms and genres of traditional Philippine literature that were passed down orally from generation to generation, including riddles, folk songs, epics, poems, and creation myths. It provides examples and descriptions of various oral literary works like ambahan, hudhud, kundiman, and explains how they were used to educate, entertain, preserve culture and traditions, impart lessons, and express ideas and emotions.
This document provides an overview of folk literature in the Philippines. It discusses the main classifications and types of folk narratives, including myths, legends, folktales, and folk epics. It also covers folk speech such as proverbs and riddles, as well as folk songs. Different genres of folk literature often use oral traditions to pass down stories, convey lessons, or describe aspects of daily life and culture. Motifs in myths commonly involve transformation or tales of faithful lovers. Legends and folktales aim to entertain as well as teach lessons. Folk epics recount heroic deeds and involve supernatural elements. Proverbs, riddles, and poems are concise forms that reflect local perspectives and traditions. Folk songs encomp
Various dimensions of Philippine literary history from pre- colonial to conte...Maestrang Techy
21st Century Lit: Lesson 1
This is an enhanced ppt presentation. Some part of the slides are not mine (spongebob bground), I have downloaded them also here. Thanks for the original maker.
Feel free to download and use in your lessons, my co-educators! God bless! :D
PHILIPPINE PRE-COLONIAL LITERATURE (incomplete)Miss Ivy
1. Meaning of Literature
2. Epic
3. Myth
** Disclaimer:
All of the pictures and pieces of information on this site are the property of the respective owners. I do not hold any copyright in regards to these pictures and information. These pictures have been collected from different public sources including various websites, considered to be in the public domain. If anyone has any objection to display of any picture, image or information, it may be brought to my notice by sending an email (contact me) & the disputed media will be removed immediately, after verification of the claim.
21st Century Literary Genres by Calle Friesendarinjohn2
Calle Friesen is a reading/literacy specialist at Buena Vista University in Storm Lake, Iowa. In addition, she is the program coordinator of the Masters in Reading program at Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa.
Ito'y tumatalakay sa mga Kritikong Pilipino na kung saan malaki ang naiambag sa panitikan. Hindi lang ang buhay ang tinatalakay dito, pati narin ang kanilang nagawa sa nasabing panitikan.
This summary provides an overview of the document in 3 sentences:
The document profiles Ilocano author Ariel S. Tabag and summarizes his short story "Voice Tape". It describes Tabag's background and achievements, and outlines the plot of the story which follows Dante learning about the mysterious circumstances surrounding his Uncle Ato's death from a voice tape. The story explores themes of dealing with loss and Filipino superstitions through flashbacks as Dante pieces together that his uncle committed suicide due to not being able to help his wife who was facing abuse abroad.
“Bawat kibot ng kanilang bibig ay may ibig sabihin at katuturan. Ito ang ipinalalagay na pangunahing dahilan kung bakit nabuo ang iba pang akdang patula tulad ng tulang- panudyo, tugmaang de-gulong, bugtong at palaisipan, at iba pang kaalamang-bayan.”
The document discusses the pre-colonial period in the Philippines and its oral literature traditions. It existed before Spanish colonization in the 1500s and was oral in nature, containing lessons, ideas, and wisdom about life from birth to death. As an oral tradition, it was subject to alterations over time. However, many Filipinos still revere the ideas and traditions from this pre-colonial period. Some forms of oral literature discussed include riddles, proverbs, and folk tales like myths, legends, and fables. Examples of riddles and proverbs from different Philippine languages are also provided.
Spanish colonial texts and Pre-colonial texts CompilationLouela Maglasang
This document provides summaries of pre-colonial literary texts from various Philippine ethnic groups. It describes forms of traditional narratives, poems, and epics that showcase supernatural events and heroes. Two example epics are provided: Biag ni Lam-ang of the Ilocanos, which tells of the prodigious hero Lam-ang, and The Agyu of the Manobos, a three-part epic about a hero leading his people to a promised land. The document also includes examples of traditional poems and summaries of ethnic myths from the Iloko and Ibanag peoples involving gods and supernatural events.
SPANISH AND PRE-COLONIAL TEXT PHILIPPINE LITERATUREgesha027
The document summarizes Spanish colonial and pre-colonial Philippine literature. It discusses how Spanish colonization beginning in 1521 influenced the development of written literature in local languages. Works included devotional Catholic texts and poems. Secular works like novels and poems addressing social issues emerged later. Pre-colonial literature existed through oral traditions like riddles, proverbs, myths, and epics. Various regions developed their own literary forms which reflected local cultures and beliefs. Spanish rule established the foundations for a written Philippine literature tradition while early oral traditions survived alongside new influences.
Pre-colonial Text and Spanish Colonial Textryukigil
This document provides an overview of pre-colonial and Spanish colonial Philippine literature. It describes various pre-colonial literary forms like riddles, proverbs, folktales, and epics that were composed and shared orally. During Spanish colonization, native writers began producing religious poetry and drama in Tagalog to teach Catholic doctrine. Notable works included the earliest versions of the Pasyon and Senakulo. Secular works like awits, koridos, and prose narratives were also written. The first books published in the Philippines were religious texts like the Doctrina Christina and Barlaan at Josefat, which was the first Tagalog novel.
This document provides an overview of Philippine literature from 1946 to 1999. It describes the major periods after independence from the US including the Rebirth of Freedom, Period of Activism, Period of the New Society, and Period of the Third Republic. Key developments are outlined such as genres that emerged, themes addressed, influential authors and works, and how literature reflected the political climate of the times. Media like newspapers, films, songs, and comics are also discussed.
This document summarizes the major periods of Philippine literary history from pre-colonial times to the contemporary period. It discusses the influences of Spanish, American, and Japanese colonization on Philippine literature and the genres that developed during each period. Key highlights include folk literature in the pre-colonial era, religious poems and narratives influenced by Spanish colonizers, the propagation of English literature during the American period, a revival of Tagalog writings under Japanese occupation, and the development of scriptwriting and children's literature today. Overall, the document traces the geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions that have shaped the evolution of Philippine literature over time.
Week 1 no. 2 periods of philippine literary historyRiza Velasco
The document summarizes the major periods of Philippine literary history from pre-colonial to modern times. It discusses the characteristics of literature produced during each period, including the influences of Spanish and American colonization. The pre-colonial period included folk literature like songs, narratives, and epics. The Spanish period saw the introduction of new genres like pasyon and awit influenced by European forms. Literature flourished again during the American period and various periods of development are defined. The Japanese period saw a revival of literature in Filipino languages. The contemporary period deals with social and political issues in the post-WWII era.
Various dimensions of Philippine literary history from pre- colonial to conte...Maestrang Techy
21st Century Lit: Lesson 1
This is an enhanced ppt presentation. Some part of the slides are not mine (spongebob bground), I have downloaded them also here. Thanks for the original maker.
Feel free to download and use in your lessons, my co-educators! God bless! :D
PHILIPPINE PRE-COLONIAL LITERATURE (incomplete)Miss Ivy
1. Meaning of Literature
2. Epic
3. Myth
** Disclaimer:
All of the pictures and pieces of information on this site are the property of the respective owners. I do not hold any copyright in regards to these pictures and information. These pictures have been collected from different public sources including various websites, considered to be in the public domain. If anyone has any objection to display of any picture, image or information, it may be brought to my notice by sending an email (contact me) & the disputed media will be removed immediately, after verification of the claim.
21st Century Literary Genres by Calle Friesendarinjohn2
Calle Friesen is a reading/literacy specialist at Buena Vista University in Storm Lake, Iowa. In addition, she is the program coordinator of the Masters in Reading program at Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa.
Ito'y tumatalakay sa mga Kritikong Pilipino na kung saan malaki ang naiambag sa panitikan. Hindi lang ang buhay ang tinatalakay dito, pati narin ang kanilang nagawa sa nasabing panitikan.
This summary provides an overview of the document in 3 sentences:
The document profiles Ilocano author Ariel S. Tabag and summarizes his short story "Voice Tape". It describes Tabag's background and achievements, and outlines the plot of the story which follows Dante learning about the mysterious circumstances surrounding his Uncle Ato's death from a voice tape. The story explores themes of dealing with loss and Filipino superstitions through flashbacks as Dante pieces together that his uncle committed suicide due to not being able to help his wife who was facing abuse abroad.
“Bawat kibot ng kanilang bibig ay may ibig sabihin at katuturan. Ito ang ipinalalagay na pangunahing dahilan kung bakit nabuo ang iba pang akdang patula tulad ng tulang- panudyo, tugmaang de-gulong, bugtong at palaisipan, at iba pang kaalamang-bayan.”
The document discusses the pre-colonial period in the Philippines and its oral literature traditions. It existed before Spanish colonization in the 1500s and was oral in nature, containing lessons, ideas, and wisdom about life from birth to death. As an oral tradition, it was subject to alterations over time. However, many Filipinos still revere the ideas and traditions from this pre-colonial period. Some forms of oral literature discussed include riddles, proverbs, and folk tales like myths, legends, and fables. Examples of riddles and proverbs from different Philippine languages are also provided.
Spanish colonial texts and Pre-colonial texts CompilationLouela Maglasang
This document provides summaries of pre-colonial literary texts from various Philippine ethnic groups. It describes forms of traditional narratives, poems, and epics that showcase supernatural events and heroes. Two example epics are provided: Biag ni Lam-ang of the Ilocanos, which tells of the prodigious hero Lam-ang, and The Agyu of the Manobos, a three-part epic about a hero leading his people to a promised land. The document also includes examples of traditional poems and summaries of ethnic myths from the Iloko and Ibanag peoples involving gods and supernatural events.
SPANISH AND PRE-COLONIAL TEXT PHILIPPINE LITERATUREgesha027
The document summarizes Spanish colonial and pre-colonial Philippine literature. It discusses how Spanish colonization beginning in 1521 influenced the development of written literature in local languages. Works included devotional Catholic texts and poems. Secular works like novels and poems addressing social issues emerged later. Pre-colonial literature existed through oral traditions like riddles, proverbs, myths, and epics. Various regions developed their own literary forms which reflected local cultures and beliefs. Spanish rule established the foundations for a written Philippine literature tradition while early oral traditions survived alongside new influences.
Pre-colonial Text and Spanish Colonial Textryukigil
This document provides an overview of pre-colonial and Spanish colonial Philippine literature. It describes various pre-colonial literary forms like riddles, proverbs, folktales, and epics that were composed and shared orally. During Spanish colonization, native writers began producing religious poetry and drama in Tagalog to teach Catholic doctrine. Notable works included the earliest versions of the Pasyon and Senakulo. Secular works like awits, koridos, and prose narratives were also written. The first books published in the Philippines were religious texts like the Doctrina Christina and Barlaan at Josefat, which was the first Tagalog novel.
This document provides an overview of Philippine literature from 1946 to 1999. It describes the major periods after independence from the US including the Rebirth of Freedom, Period of Activism, Period of the New Society, and Period of the Third Republic. Key developments are outlined such as genres that emerged, themes addressed, influential authors and works, and how literature reflected the political climate of the times. Media like newspapers, films, songs, and comics are also discussed.
This document summarizes the major periods of Philippine literary history from pre-colonial times to the contemporary period. It discusses the influences of Spanish, American, and Japanese colonization on Philippine literature and the genres that developed during each period. Key highlights include folk literature in the pre-colonial era, religious poems and narratives influenced by Spanish colonizers, the propagation of English literature during the American period, a revival of Tagalog writings under Japanese occupation, and the development of scriptwriting and children's literature today. Overall, the document traces the geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions that have shaped the evolution of Philippine literature over time.
Week 1 no. 2 periods of philippine literary historyRiza Velasco
The document summarizes the major periods of Philippine literary history from pre-colonial to modern times. It discusses the characteristics of literature produced during each period, including the influences of Spanish and American colonization. The pre-colonial period included folk literature like songs, narratives, and epics. The Spanish period saw the introduction of new genres like pasyon and awit influenced by European forms. Literature flourished again during the American period and various periods of development are defined. The Japanese period saw a revival of literature in Filipino languages. The contemporary period deals with social and political issues in the post-WWII era.
The document provides an overview of Philippine literature during the Spanish colonial period from 1521 to 1898. It discusses the beginnings of literature during Spanish colonization. Various genres of literature flourished, including religious texts translated into local languages, poetic works by native writers, folk songs, plays and narratives. The document also outlines the influences of Spanish culture and the Catholic church on the development of Philippine literature, as well as notable historical figures from the period.
Spanish colonial text and Pre-colonial textEdarGrezeil
The document summarizes Spanish colonial literature in the Philippines from 1521-1898. It discusses how Spanish colonization began in 1565 and how literature flourished under Spanish rule. Religious texts were translated into local languages to spread Catholicism, and native writers learned Spanish and their own languages. Notable works included the first Tagalog book and poems by Gaspar Aquino de Belen. Secular ballads and moro-moro plays also emerged. The period saw the development of novels and prominent writers like Francisco Baltazar, Jose Rizal, and women writers. Folk songs, plays, and poetic forms comprised the traditional literature under Spanish cultural influences.
During the Spanish period in Philippine literature from 1565-1872:
1. Literature flourished under Spanish colonial rule and was heavily influenced by Spanish language, religion, and genres.
2. The first books published were Christian doctrines and folk stories translated into local languages like Tagalog.
3. Poetic forms like folk songs, plays, and narrative poems became popular, addressing themes of love, passion, and Christianity.
This document provides an overview of literature, including its history and major forms. It discusses how literature originated in early civilizations through oral and written traditions. The major forms are poetry, which uses aesthetic qualities of language, and prose, which uses ordinary syntax. The document also summarizes different types of prose and discusses literature in the Philippines from pre-Hispanic epics to forms that developed during the Spanish colonial period like religious poetry, metrical romances, corridos and awit. It notes how Filipino intellectuals in the 19th century began writing about colonization, fueling calls for reform.
The document provides a historical overview of Philippine literature divided into periods from pre-Spanish to contemporary times. It summarizes the key literary genres, movements, and notable authors that characterized each period. The pre-Spanish period included folktales, epics, and folk songs passed down orally. Under Spanish rule, plays and poems emerged with Christian and European influences. During the American period, literature was written in Spanish, Tagalog, English and other Philippine languages. The Japanese occupation spurred a revival of Tagalog literature. After independence, Philippine literature matured with masters of various genres emerging.
This document discusses pre-Hispanic and Hispanic texts in the Philippines. It describes the forms of pre-Spanish literature such as legends, folk tales, epics, and folk songs. It then discusses how Spanish colonization beginning in 1565 influenced Philippine literature, with the introduction of Christianity, the Spanish language, and European traditions. Various literary works and compositions from this period are also outlined. Recreational plays, folk songs, and other poetic forms that developed are then summarized.
This document provides an overview of literature in the Philippines across three periods - the Pre-Colonial Period, the Spanish Period, and the 21st Century. It discusses the forms and examples of oral literature, folk songs, folk tales, and written works that developed during each period. The Pre-Colonial period contained purely oral traditions like riddles, proverbs, and myths. The Spanish period saw the development of religious literature like pasyon and komedya, as well as secular awit and korido writings. Propaganda literature grew during this time from writers like Rizal, Del Pilar, and Lopez Jaena to spark revolution. The document provides context and examples to summarize the evolution of Philippine literature over time
This document provides an overview of Philippine literature across different historical periods from pre-colonial times up until the 21st century. It discusses the major genres, forms, and influences of each period, including pre-Spanish folk literature, the introduction of Christianity and the Spanish language during the Spanish period, the nationalism and use of English/vernaculars during the American period, the suppression under Japanese occupation, and the revival and modernization in the post-war decades. The document also provides examples of literary works, activities to analyze genres and periods, and a direction to write about the importance of literature in achieving independence.
Dear Ilustrados,
It is with deepest gratitude that I write to you today to express my sincere appreciation for your contributions to our nation and its literature during the Period of Enlightenment. Through your brave writings that exposed the injustices of colonial rule, you reawakened the Filipino spirit and inspired the Propaganda Movement that helped pave the way for our independence.
Your works, including Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo and other essays, addressed the corruption and abuse that our people suffered under Spanish colonialism. You gave a voice to the voiceless and ignited in our hearts a longing for freedom. Though the road was difficult and the consequences severe, you remained committed to advancing our rights and dignity through
This document provides an overview of pre-colonial and colonial Philippine literature. It discusses the oral traditions of the pre-colonial era including riddles, proverbs, and songs. When the Spanish colonized the Philippines in the 16th century, they began influencing literature by introducing Christianity and the Roman alphabet. Notable works from the Spanish colonial period included the first book printed in the country about Christian doctrine with Tagalog translations. The document outlines several prominent Filipino poets and writers from the Spanish colonial period through the 19th century including Jose de la Cruz, Francisco Baltazar, Jose Rizal, Andres Bonifacio, and Pedro Paterno. It also mentions the first Filipino woman writer, Leona
PHILIPPINE LITERARY WORKS BEFORE AND DURING SPANISH COLONIZATIONMaica Malingin
This document provides an overview of pre-Hispanic and Hispanic colonial literary works in the Philippines. It discusses the forms of literature that existed during the pre-Spanish period, including legends, folk tales, epics, folk songs, poems and sayings. It then outlines some of the first books printed during the Hispanic period, such as the Doctrina Christiana and Nuestra Senora del Rosario. Finally, it mentions several literary compositions from the Hispanic period, including dictionaries, grammars and novels that helped develop Philippine languages and literature.
This document discusses pre-colonial Philippine literature. It describes how literature was passed down orally and sometimes written in Baybayin script. The main literary genres are identified as folktales, epics, folk songs, myths, legends, and proverbs. Myths attempt to explain natural phenomena while legends are unverified historical accounts. All served to entertain, teach lessons, and share the culture and traditions of pre-colonial Philippine society.
Literature of Pre colonial and Spanish colonizationrezeill jumao-as
During the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines, literature began to flourish as the Spanish colonizers introduced the written tradition. Notable works during this time included religious texts translated into local languages to spread Catholicism, as well as secular poems and plays that blended Spanish and native forms. Prominent Filipino writers included Gaspar Aquino de Belen, who wrote one of the first Tagalog passion poems in 1704, and Francisco Balagtas, known as the "Prince of Filipino Poets" for his epic narrative poem "Florante at Laura." Jose Rizal's novels "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo" were also influential in sparking nationalism. Other significant figures included poets
St. Blaise Community Academy aims to develop morally upright individuals who are intellectually, socially, and physically well-rounded. It seeks to produce globally competitive students who value scientific achievement and helping others. The academy promotes academic excellence by providing quality education and learning experiences to help students reach their potential and be prepared for further education. This will equip students with 21st century skills like communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and technology literacy to become responsible citizens.
Pre-colonial Philippine literature was primarily oral and consisted of various folk genres that served to both entertain and educate communities. Common forms included riddles, proverbs, myths, and folk songs. During Spanish colonization, native writers began producing literature in Spanish and Philippine languages that incorporated Christian and European themes. Notable works from this period included religious poems and the first Tagalog novel "Florante at Laura". The revolutionary period saw the rise of nationalist literature critical of Spanish rule, such as Rizal's novels which chronicled the struggles of the Filipino people.
Indigenous Philippine literature before Spanish colonization was an oral tradition that was passed down through folk tales, songs, epics, proverbs, riddles, and chants. Different regions developed their own traditions based on local languages and culture. One example of early Philippine script was called Baybayin, which was made up of 17 basic symbols to represent sounds. Common literary forms included myths, legends, fables, and folk songs about topics like love, war, and daily life.
The document summarizes Philippine literature during the Spanish period from 1565 to 1898. It discusses how Spanish colonization introduced Catholicism and the Spanish language to the Philippines. It also describes the first books printed in the Philippines, including religious texts and grammars. Additionally, it outlines the influences of Spanish colonizers on folk songs, plays and poetry in various Philippine languages during this time period. Traditional forms like the Moro-Moro play and Balagtasan poetic debate emerged and flourished under Spanish rule.
CATABLAN IS IMMERSION DEPLOYMENT.docxskskskkkkkkkkjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj...MarkJayBongolan1
This document contains two lists of students from Catablan Integrated School in Urdaneta City, Pangasinan, Philippines. The lists detail the students' names, grades, academic strands, assigned offices for their immersion deployment, and suggested monitoring schedules. The first list contains 24 students in Batch 1 who will be deployed from March 4-20, 2024. The second list contains another 24 students in Batch 2 who will be deployed from March 21-April 11, 2024. Both batches will be monitored on Tuesdays and Thursdays at their assigned offices to complete their K-12 immersion requirement for the 2023-2024 school year.
This document provides information about disaster readiness and risk reduction. It includes activities to test recall of disaster-related terms, have students share experiences with hazards, analyze pictures of hazards, and arrange examples of different types of hazards into categories. Natural hazards discussed include typhoons, earthquakes, and tsunamis. Quasi-natural hazards include smog, desertification, and pollution. Technological or man-made hazards include oil spills, biological attacks, mining, and explosions. The document aims to educate students on identifying, categorizing, and mitigating different types of hazards.
Edwin Arlington Robinson was an American poet born in 1869 in Maine who was prolific but is best remembered for a few short poems. He wrote dramatic poems set in a small New England village modeled after the town he grew up in. Robinson's poem "Richard Cory" describes a wealthy man who the town envies and admires but who ultimately commits suicide, surprising the town.
This document discusses several traditional and contemporary Filipino composers. It describes the "Triumvirate of Filipino Composers" - Francisco Santiago, Antonio Molina, and Nicanor Abelardo - and provides details about their musical styles and some of their major works. Additionally, it profiles several contemporary composers who have incorporated folk elements and indigenous instruments in their compositions, as well as song composers who created popular music for films.
This document discusses the history and development of Philippine literature from pre-colonial times through the 21st century. It outlines the major periods of Philippine literary history: pre-colonial, Spanish, American, Japanese, and contemporary. The pre-colonial period included folk songs, speeches, tales, and epics told orally in various Philippine languages and dialects. During the Spanish period, literature was heavily influenced by Spanish language and Catholic traditions. The American period saw the rise of English language literature and imitation of Western styles and genres. The Japanese period saw a renewed focus on literature written in Filipino languages. Contemporary Philippine literature continues to develop across languages and genres.
This document discusses the history and development of Philippine literature from pre-colonial times through the 21st century. It outlines the major periods of Philippine literary history: pre-colonial, Spanish, American, Japanese, and contemporary. The pre-colonial period included folk songs, speeches, tales, and epics told orally in various Philippine languages and dialects. During the Spanish period, literature was heavily influenced by Spanish language and Catholic traditions. The American period saw the rise of English language literature and imitation of Western styles and genres. The Japanese period saw a renewed focus on literature in Filipino languages. Contemporary Philippine literature continues to develop across languages and genres.
This document provides an overview of traditional Philippine dances, organized into several categories. Cordillera dances from northern Luzon are described, including the Banga, Bendayan, Lumagen/Tachok, Manmanok, Ragsaksakan, Salisid, and Tarektek dances. Muslim dances from Mindanao such as the Pangalay, Singkil, Pangsak, and Kapa Malong Malong are also outlined. Tribal dances including the Malakas at Maganda folklore, Kadal Tahaw, Binaylan, and Dugso are mentioned. Rural dances like Tinikling, Pasigin, Pandanggo sa Ilaw,
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
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Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
2. The 21st century in literature refers to world literature produced during the 21st
century. The measure of years is, for the purpose of this article, literature written
from (roughly) the year 2001 to the present.
21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World is a senior high school
subject which aims to engage students in appreciation and critical study of 21st
Century Literature from the Philippines and the World, encompassing their
various dimensions, genres, elements, structure, contexts, and traditions.
3. What is the importance of 21st
century literature?
4. What is the importance of 21st century literature?
It teaches us about life by exposing us to the lives of
different people through their stories, and from these
vicarious experiences, we learn important lessons and
values. Literature teaches us humanity – to be
sensitive and empathetic towards others.
5. 21st Century Literature
from the Philippines and
the World
Geographic, Linguistic and Ethnic Dimensions of Philippine Literary
History from Pre-Colonial to the Contemporary
7. PERIODS OF PHILIPPINE
LITERARY HISTORY
Pre-Colonial
Period
Spanish
Period
American
Period
Japanese
Period
Contemporary
Period &
Modern Period
8. PRE – COLONIAL
PERIOD
The pre-colonial literature includes
all literature produced before the
Spanish colonization like chants,
proverbs, songs, and folk narratives.
Ethnic literature may be classified
into three groups: folk speech, folk
songs, and folk narratives.
9. FOLK SPEECH
Riddle/bugtong/ tigmo/ burburtia/ paktakon/
patotodon
– are like proverbs with one main difference:
demand an answer and are used to test the wits
of those listening to them.
– Rely on talinghaga (metaphor)
– Flippant in nature
Examples:
Heto na si Kaka, bubuka-bukaka
Sa araw ay bungbong, sa gabi ay dahon.
10. FOLK SPEECH
Proverbs - Proverbs and aphorisms/ saliwakain/
kasabihan/ aramiga/ sasabihan/ humbaton/
hurobaton/ pagsasao/ kasebian
– are practical observations and philosophy of
everyday life that are written usually in a
rhyming scheme.
– meant to entertain while teaching basic skills
in surviving local life.
Examples: Kung ano ang puno, siya ang bunga.
Kung walang tiyaga, walang nilaga
11. FOLK SPEECH
Lullabies - Sung to put children to sleep
-Called oyayi/ ili-ili/ duayya/ tumaila/
baliwayway and andang
Love Songs - Frequently concern romantic love
(form or strengthen bonds between lovers)
-Courtship songs are many in ethnic literature.
-Panawagon, balitao, aliri, diona, harana, and
ambahan are other names for love songs in
different dialects.
– Ambahan, a poem with seven syllables per
line, the ending syllables following a rhyme
scheme; used as form of social entertainment
and as a tool for teaching the young.
12. FOLK SPEECH
• Drinking Songs - Sung during
carousals
• – Brief, always merry, almost
hedonistic
• – Many originated in the Bicol area
where they are called
• tigsik or tagay.
• • Work Songs - foster cohesiveness
within the community
• – depict the different forms of
livelihood
• – sung to synchronize the movements
of workers
• • Religious Songs and Death Songs -
13. FOLK SPEECH
• Drinking Songs - Sung during carousals
-Brief, always merry, almost hedonistic
– Many originated in the Bicol area where they are called tigsik or tagay.
• Work Songs - foster cohesiveness within the community – depict the different forms of
livelihood
– sung to synchronize the movements of workers
• • Religious Songs and Death Songs - songs for solemn
affairs - Prayer of Thanksgiving (ambaamba) - Exorcism
• chant (bugyaw) - Deaths occasion the singing of dirges or lamentations, in which the deeds of
the dead are recounted.
15. FOLKTALES
(kwentong bayan)
• Legends (alamat) - are believed to be about more recent
events - used to explain certain events or phenomena in
our ancestors’ lives that cannot be
explained by the limited practical kind of science they
knew back then.
16. FOLKTALES
(kwentong bayan)
• Fables - are short tales, usually
involving animals, which teach a moral
lesson
• Trickster Tales – recounts the
adventures of a cleaver hero who outwits
authority figures, usually coming from
the upper classes.
17. FOLKTALES
(kwentong bayan)
• Trickster Tales – recounts
the adventures of a cleaver
hero who outwits authority
figures, usually coming from
the upper classes.
18. EPICS
EPICS
• Long-winded poems about a hero (usually male) and
his adventures and misadventures.
• The hero is usually born with all the pleasing qualities
that the ancestors like and has superhuman capabilities.
• The hero is usually paired with a beautiful young
maiden
Beowulf, a hero of the Geats, comes to the aid of
Hrothgar, the king of the Danes, whose mead hall in
Heorot has been under attack by the monster Grendel.
After Beowulf slays him, Grendel's mother attacks the
hall and is then defeated. Victorious, Beowulf goes
home to Geatland and becomes king of the Geats.
19. SPANISH PERIOD
• Colonization was brought about by industrial revolution.
• Age of Voyages and Explorations
• Propelled by 3Gs (God, Gold, and Glory)
• Blood compact with Datus Sikatuna and Gala in Bohol
• Established 1st Spanish settlement in Philippine soil at Cebu
(Ciudad del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus)
• To be civilized meant to stay in a pueblo under the control of
the
Spanish king, and be a Christian
21. SPANISH INFLUENCES
IN LITERATURE
• Teaching of the Christian doctrine became the basis
of religious practices.
• Spanish language became the literary language.
• European legends and traditions brought here
became assimilated in our songs, corridos, and
moromoros.
• Ancient literature was collected and translated to
Tagalog and other dialects.
• Many grammar books were printed in Filipino, like
Tagalog, Ilocano and Visayan.
22. SPANISH
INFLUENCES IN
LITERATURE
• Spanish language became the literary
language.
• European legends and traditions
brought here became assimilated in our
songs, corridos, and moromoros.
23. SPANISH INFLUENCES
IN LITERATURE
• Spanish language became the literary language.
• European legends and traditions brought here
became assimilated in our songs, corridos, and
moromoros.
• Ancient literature was collected and translated to
Tagalog and other dialects.
• Many grammar books were printed in Filipino, like
Tagalog, Ilocano and Visayan.
24. SPANISH INFLUENCES IN
LITERATURE
• Periodicals during these times gained religious tone
• Two distinct classifications: religious and secular.
• Written literature is a legacy of Spanish colonial rule.
• Writing during this time may be classified into religious prose and poetry and secular prose
and poetry.
• Religious poetry may be grouped into lyrics and narratives.
• Lyrics include complimentary verses written by socalled ladino.
25. SPANISH INFLUENCES IN
LITERATURE
• Another type is meditative verses attached to religious works such as novenas and
catechisms.
• Religious narrative poetry is primarily the pasyon .
• Gaspar Aquino de Belen’s Ang Mahal na Pasion ni Jesu Cristong Panginoon Natin na Tola
(1704) is the earliest known Filipino pasyon
• Casaysayan nang Pasiong Mahal ni Jesucristong Panginoon Natin na Sucak Ipag-alab nang
Puso nang Sinomang Babasa (Pasyong Genesis) became the most popular and was translalted
into other languages.
26. SPANISH INFLUENCES IN
LITERATURE
• Religious narrative prose consists of the various kinds of prose narratives written to
prescribe proper behavior.
• These were channels for instruction in the Catholic faith and for colonization.
• Include forms as the dialogo (dialogue), the manual de urbanidad (conduct book), ejemplo
(exemplum) and tratado (polemical tract).
27. SPANISH INFLUENCES IN
LITERATURE
• Pasyon - narrative poem about the life of Jesus Christ, beginning from his birth up to his
death
– usually sung during Lenten season
• Cenaculo -Written in octosyllabic verse
– dramatization of the passion of Christ
– highlights the sufferings and death of Jesus Christ done during the Lenten season
• Awit - Set in dodecasyllabic quatrains
– Metrical romance
– Colorful tale of chivalry made for singing and chanting
– E. g. Florante at Laura
28. SPANISH INFLUENCES IN
LITERATURE
• Corrido – set in octosyllabic quatrains
– Metrical romance
– Colorful tale of chivalry made for singing and chanting
• Moro-Moro – Comedia de Capa Y Espada
– dramatization of the passion of Christ blood-and-thunder melodrama depicting the conflict of
Christians and Muslims
– Usually about battles to the death and the proofs of faith
• Carillo – play that uses shadows as its main spectacle
– A form of dramatic entertainment performed on a moonless night during a town fiesta
– Created by animating figures made from cardboard, which are projected onto a white screen
29. SPANISH INFLUENCES IN
LITERATURE
• Tibag (to excavate) - dramatic reenactment of St. Helena’s search for the Holy Cross
• Karagatan - A poetic vehicle of a socio-religious nature celebrated during the death of a
person
– A ritual is performed based on a legend about a princess who dropped her ring into the
middle of the sea who offered her hand in marriage to anyone who can retrieve it
• Duplo - Replaced the Karagatan
– Poetic joust in speaking and reasoning
– The roles are taken from the Bible and from proverbs and saying
– Usually played during wakes for the dead
30. SPANISH INFLUENCES IN
LITERATURE
• Balagtasan - Debate in verse
– Replaced the duplo and is held to honor Francisco “Balagtas” Baltazar
– Poetical joust done almost spontaneously between protagonists who debate over the pros and
cons of an issue
• Zarzuela - Considered the father of the drama
– one of the most famous forms of entertainment back in the Spanish era
– musical comedies or melodramas that deal with the elemental passions of human beings
– follows a certain plot
31. THE PROPAGANDA
MOVEMENT
• JOSE P. RIZAL - Known for his pen
names Laong Laan and Dimasalang
– Died by musketry in the hands of the
Spaniards on December 30, 1896 on
charges of sedition
and rebellion against the Spaniards
– NOLI ME TANGERE exposed the evils
in society
– EL FILIBUSTERISMO exposed the
evils in the government and in the
church
32. THE PROPAGANDA
MOVEMENT
• MARCELO H. DEL PILAR - Known for his pen
names Plaridel, Pupdoh, Piping Dilat, and Dolores
Manapat
– Established Diariong Tagalog in 1883 where he
exposed the evils of the Spanish government in the
Philippines.
33. THE PROPAGANDA
MOVEMENT
• GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA
– Known writer and orator in the Philippines -
Established LA SOLIDARIDAD (which later became
the official voice of the Assosacion Hispano de
Filipinas)
34. PERIOD OF ACTIVE
REVOLUTION
• ANDRES BONIFACIO
– Father of Filipino Democracy;
– Father of the Katipunan
– What he learned he got from the school
of experience
– Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa
35. PERIOD OF ACTIVE
REVOLUTION
• APOLINARIO MABINI
– Sublime Paralytic; Brains of the Revolution
– Became the right-hand of Emilio Aguinaldo when
the latter founded his Republic in Malolos
– El Verdadero Decalogo (The True Decalogue or Ten
Commandments)
36. PERIOD OF ACTIVE
REVOLUTION
• EMILIO JACINTO
– Intelligent assistant of Andres
Bonifacio
– He edited Kalayaan, a Katipunan
newspaper
– Kartilya ng Katipunan
37. AMERICAN PERIOD
• Treaty of Paris-ceded the Philipines to the Us, $20M
• 1901 public education was insitutionalized
• 600 educators in the SS Thomas (Thomasites)
• Changes: democracy; Westernization of Filipino taste in food and clothing; Americanized
manners;
deterioration of close family ties; emancipation of women; popular education
38. Literature during American
Period
• Period of Re-orientation
– English as a literary vehicle came with the American occupation in August 13, 1898
–Writers were still adjusting to the newfound freedom after the paralyzing
effect of repression of thought and speech under the Spanish
39. Literature during American
Period
• Period of Imitation
– By 1919, the UP College Folio published the literary compositions of the first Filipino writers
in English (pioneers in short story writing)
– Writers were then grouping their way into imitating American and British models which
resulted in a stilted, artificial and unnatural style
– Models included Longfellow and Hawthorne, Emerson and Thoreau, Wordsworth and
Tennyson, Thackeray and Macaulay, Allan Poe, Irving, etc.
– Writers of the folio: Fernando Maramag (best editorial writer), Juan F. Salazar, Jose M.
Fernandez, Vicente del Fierro, Francisco Africa, Victoriano Yamzon (pioneered English poetry)
– For informal essay, criticism and the journalistic column: Ignacio Manlapaz, Godefredo
Rivera, Federico Mangahas, Francisco B. Icasiano, Salvador P. Lopez, Jose Lansang and
Amando G. Dayrit
– Short Stories: DEAD STARS by Paz Marquez Benitez stand out as a model of perfection in
character delineation, local color, plot and message
40. Literature during American
Period
• Period of Apprenticeship (1910-1930)
– New literary forms were introduced, chiefly, free verse, the modern short story, and the
critical essay - Filipino writers imitated English and American models - Poems were
amateurish and mushy
• Period of Emergence (1920 – 1930)
– Highly influenced by Western literary trends (Romanticism and Realism)
– Short stories were the most prevalent literary form
41. Literature during American
Period
• Period of Self-Discovery and Growth
– By this time, Filipino writers had acquired the mastery of English writing
– Competently wrote on a lot of subjects (although old-time favorites: love and youth)
– Went into all forms of writing like the novel and the drama
– Poetry: not only love poems; patriotic, religious, descriptive and reflective
– Free verse, in odes and sonnets
– Poetry was original, spontaneous, competently written, incorporated social consciousness
– The Short Story: flourished during these times
– Characteristics: still remnants of Spanish influence in the use of expressions that were florid,
sentimental, exaggerated and bombastic
– Influence of theW. culture was also evident
– Essays during this period improved in quality and quantity, in content, subject, and style
– Essayists like Carlos P. Romulo became even more eminent editorial writers - Political, social
reflective; critical; personal or familiar
42. JAPANESE PERIOD
• Philippine literature in English came to a halt
• This had an advantageous effect on Filipino Literature which experienced renewed attention
because writers in English turned to writing in Filipino.
• The common theme of poems was nationalism, country, love, life in barrios, faith, religion,
and the arts
• Three types of poem emerged: haiku (free verse with 17 syllables divided into 3 lines [5-7-5]),
tanaga (short but had measure and rhyme, 17 syllables), karaniwang anyo.
• Drama experienced a lull
• The field of the short story widened because many wrote short stories
43. JAPANESE PERIOD
• Writings that came out during this period were journalistic in nature
• Americans returned in 1945
• On July 4, 1946, the Philippines regained its freedom
• “struggle of mind and spirit” posed by the sudden emancipation from the enemy and the wild
desire to see print
• Filipinos had learned to express themselves more confidently
• Proliferation of newspapers
• Gradually, as normality was restored, the tones and themes of the writings turned to the less
pressing problems of economic survival
• Some Filipinos who had gone abroad came back to publish their works
44. JAPANESE PERIOD
• The themes of most poems dealt with the usual love of nature, and of social and political
problems
• Longer and longer pieces were being written by writers
• Philippine literature in Tagalog was revived during this period
• Most themes in the writings dealt with Japanese brutalities, of the poverty of life under the
Japanese government and the brave guerilla exploits
• Newspapers and magazine publications were re-opened
• Tagalog poetry acquired not only rhyme but substance and meaning
• Short stories had better characters and events based on facts and realities and themes were
more meaningful
• Novels became common but were still read by the people for recreation
45. CONTEMPORARY &
MODERN PERIOD
• These periods include all literary works written and published in the Philippines from 1946.
After World War II, the Philippines had to deal with the economy and the need for
rehabilitation and reconstruction of infrastructures. There was political, economic, and social
confusion, as well as great poverty, and these issues found their way into the short stories and
novels during that time.
• Popular topics were on happy (or tragic) experiences— abortion, separation, alternative
routes in life and new-found happiness.
• Short story is still the more popular venue of writers • Scriptwriting, developing literature
form.
• Scriptwriting , developing literature form
46. CONTEMPORARY &
MODERN PERIOD
• Substantial awards in film-making
• Expansion to cater to children’s needs
• Popularity of Taglish
• Notion of seeking popularity and ratings through exposure • Creative writing workshops
• Novels did not continue to flourish; novel writers settled in their twilight years
• Contemporary Philippine literature is a product of troubled times, the see-sawing balance
between cosmopolitanism and nationalism, elitism and democracy, art and politics, leaving a
body of writing of considerable variety.
• Filipino today is no longer a sentimental choice; it is necessary choice because it is the
language that allows writers to communicate with the masses