Liquid dosage forms are effective pharmaceutical products containing a mixture of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API/Drug) and non drug components (excipients). It is a dose of a drug used as a medicine for consumption or administration. Many liquid dosage forms are used in the pharmacy, but the most commonly used are syrup, suspension, and elixirs. The general category of liquid oral doses includes a broad range of dosage forms, broadly classified as monophasic and biphasic. Whereas dosage forms in both types comprise at least one drug, monophasic forms are homogeneous and completely dissolve in liquid, whereas biphasic forms in a vehicle do not dissolve.

1. Dr. P. R. Chavan
Pharm D

3. 1. Collodions:
 Liquid preparations for external use having nitro
cellulose used to protect the skin

4. 2. Droughts:
 Liquid preparations for oral containing medicaments
available in single dose or multiple dose

5. 3. Elixirs:
 Liquid preparation for oral containing medicaments
with suitable excipients

6. 4. Emulsions:
 Biphasic liquid dosage form for oral containing
medicaments in which fine oil globules dispersed in
continuous phase

7. 5. Suspensions:
 Biphasic liquid dosage form for oral containing
medicaments in which fine solid particles suspended
in continuous phase

8. 6. Enemas:
 Liquid preparation for rectal containing medicaments

9. 7. Gargles:
 Concentrated aqueous solutions for external use used
to treat throat infections

10. 8. Gels:
 Aqueous colloidal suspensions containing
medicaments used as antacids

11. 9. Linctuses:
 Viscous, liquid oral preparations used to relief cough

12. 10. Lotions:
 Liquid preparations for external application usually
applied without friction

13. 11. Liniments:
 Liquid preparations for external application usually
applied with friction

14. 12. Mixtures:
 Liquid oral preparations containing one or more
medicaments

15. 13. Mouth washes:
 Concentrated aqueous solutions for external use used
to treat mouth infections and oral hygienic

16. 14. Nasal drops:
 Liquid preparations containing medicaments that are
instilled in to the nose with a dropper used to treat
nose infections and blockage of nose

17. 15. Paints:
 Liquid preparations for external application to the skin
or mucous membrane with soft brush

18. 16. Solutions :
 Clear liquid preparation containing with or without
medicaments used to internal or external preparations

19. 17. Syrups:
 Sweet, viscous, concentrated liquid preparations
containing with or without sugar and medicaments

20. 18. Eye drops
 Eye drops are accessible in the forms of water and oil
solutions, emulsions, or suspensions of one or more
active ingredients, which may contain preservatives if
stored in multiuse packaging.

21. Advantages of liquid dosage form:
 The major advantage of the liquid dosage method is
that it is better for patients who have difficulty
swallowing solid medicines because it is easier to
swallow than solid dosage forms.
 Liquid dosage forms have faster absorption than solid
dosage forms.
 It is suitable for use patients with infants, geriatric,
and mental health problems.

22. Cont..
 Doses may vary from per tablespoon to milliliter,
which is difficult in solid dosage forms.
 Liquid dosage forms are absorbed faster than solid
dosage forms because APIs are already dissolved.
 This may provide greater flexibility in achieving the
appropriate dose of the drug.

23. Cont..
 It can be designed for any route of administration.
 It is the best choice for children and old people.
 This can be attractive by container and color.
 Flavors (sweetening agents/sugar) can be added to
mask the bitter or unpleasant taste and odor.

24. Disadvantages :
 The major disadvantage of the liquid dosage form is that, is
less stable than other doses and has a shorter shelf life
which is due to the nature of being in a liquid.
 The liquid dosage form is more susceptible to bacterial
microorganisms than tablets and capsules.
 Some drugs are poorly soluble hence difficult to formulate.
 It is bulky so it is difficult to handle, transport and store.

25.  It requires special storage conditions because it is less stable.
 Its manufacturing process is complex, so the production cost
is high.
 It is easily affected by temperature, light, and
microorganisms.
 Each time of dose needs to be measured, so the accuracy of
the dose may vary each time.
 A loss can occur as the container breaks and falls.
 Difficult to mask the unpleasant taste or odor compared to
tablets and capsules.