The document discusses definitions and importance of research. It provides three definitions of research from different sources that commonly define research as a process of systematic inquiry aimed at discovering and advancing knowledge through collection and analysis of information. The document then outlines key characteristics of the scientific method, which include gathering new or existing data to solve problems, relying on empirical evidence, following systematic procedures, aiming to generalize findings, requiring accurate observation, and being objective and logical.

1. DEFINITIONS/ IMPORTANCE
OF RESEARCH
Presented by:
Prof. Akhlas Ahmed
NILAT

2. Lets!
Check your IQ?

3. Which is the most powerful country
in the world?

4.  Germany spends 1.2 percent of its gross
domestic product on military
expenditures.
 The United States, which is perceived
to be the most powerful country, has the
world's largest economy and biggest
military budget, spending about $600
billion on military hardware and
personnel in 2015.

5. Which country appears to be
forthcoming world superpower?

6. Due to their large markets, growing military
strength, economic potential, and influence
in international affairs, China, the
European Union, India, and Russia are
among the countries (or political entities)
most cited as having the potential of
achieving superpower status in the 21st
century.

7. Who is the most richest person in
the world 2017?

8.  Larry Ellison (U.S.) Co-founder, Oracle.
 Carlos Slim Helu (Mexico) Chairman,
América Móvil
 Mark Zuckerberg (U.S.) Co-founder and
CEO, Facebook
 Amancio Ortega (Spain) Co-founder,
Zara
 Jeff Bezos (U.S.) CEO, Amazon
 Warren Buffett (U.S.) CEO, Berkshire
Hathaway
 Bill Gates (U.S.) Co-founder, Microsoft.

9. Who is the most beautiful girl in
the world 2017?

10. Milan Fashion Week 2017:
'Most beautiful girl in the world‘
Thylane Blondeau walks for Dolce &
Gabbana. The 16-year-old model who was
dubbed the “most beautiful girl in the
world” at the age of six walked the catwalk
for Dolce & Gabbana at Milan Fashion
Week on Saturday night in a "secret" off-
schedule show..

11. What countries have the most
attractive people?

12.  Denmark
 Colombia
 South Korea
 Bulgaria
 Russia
 Ukraine
 Argentina
 Sweden (Stockholm may have lost its
number one spot on our ranking of cities
with beautiful women, but Sweden is
still firmly in first place on this list.)

13. Which city is the most beautiful
in the world?

14. 1. Bruges, Belgium
2. Rome, Italy.
3. Florence, Italy.
4. Amsterdam, Holland.
5. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
6. Lisbon, Portugal.
7. Prague, Czechoslovakia.
8. Paris, France.
9. The Grand Canal in Venice, Italy

15. International Cricket Index

16. World Stock Exchange Index

17. CENSUS INDEXING

18. Social Media Indexing

19. World Media Index

20. International research Indexing

21. World Human Rights Index

22. World Economic Index

23. Global Workforce Indexing

24. Developed/ Underdeveloped
Countries Index

25. Research Definitions:
1.“Any gathering of data, information, and facts for the
advancement of knowledge” (Godwin Colibao)“
2.“Research is a process of steps used to collect and analyze
information to increase our understanding of a topic or issue".
It consists of three steps: pose a question, collect data to
answer the question, and present an answer to the question.
(John W. Creswell)
3.The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines as "a
studious inquiry or examination; especially investigation or
experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of
facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new
facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories or
laws".[3]

26. Characteristics of the Scientific Method:
It involves gathering new data or using existing
data for a new purpose.
It is not merely reproducing information such as
would be produced by a student when asked to
‘research’ on a topic and write a paper.
It is directed towards the solution of a problem.
The ‘problem’ is the focus of the whole research
process in that the entire design aims at how the
problem can be solved or how the research
question(s) can be answered.
It relies on empirical evidence, i.e. on events or
data that can be verified by observation.

27. Characteristics of the Scientific Method
This distinguishes formal research from informal whose
findings and conclusions are based on popular belief, view,
rumor, feelings, guess work and other subjective methods
that people resort to when seeking answers to questions.
It is systematic in procedures of planning, collection of
data, analysis and reporting.
It follows clearly stipulated procedures. All these must be
carefully recorded and described.
Research ethics require that terms are defined, limiting
factors stated, procedures described, references given and
results reported faithfully. The report should also be
availed for scrutiny by other interested researchers.

28. Characteristics of the Scientific Method
It aims at generalizing findings to larger groups by
discovering general principles that will be helpful in
predicting future occurrences.
This calls for careful sampling procedures to ensure that
the sample is representative of the larger group.
It requires careful and accurate observation and
description.
It is logical and objective; every possible step is taken to
ensure validity of procedure, tools and conclusions. The
researcher strives to eliminate personal feelings and bias.
These could be intended or unintended. The emphasis is
on testing rather than proving the hypothesis.

29. Characteristics of the Scientific Method
Research findings are sometimes contrary to popular
belief. That not withstanding, the researcher should
always report findings as they are. At times this requires
courage. Copernicus is the 16th century was condemned
by the church authorities when he announced his
conclusions concerning the nature of the solar system.
His findings were counter to what was popularly
believed at the time, Best (1970).

30. Q/A Session