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Laser Beam Machining | LBM | Explained with Video
The document provides an overview of laser beam machining, detailing the principles of lasers and their applications in industrial processing. It describes various types of lasers, such as gas, solid-state, and excimer lasers, alongside their operational modes and uses in cutting and material removal. The advantages and limitations of laser machining are also discussed, highlighting its non-contact nature and energy consumption.
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Laser Beam Machining | LBM | Explained with Video
- 1. LASER BEAM MACHINING Submittedby 1 Md. Abu Bakar Siddique Student Dept. of Industrial and Production Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- 2. Contents Laser Laser Beam Laser BeamMachining Laser Application Laser operations Advantages Limitations References 2
- 3. What is Laser LASERis the acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Laser is a device which generates or amplifies light. Stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. Coherent, monochromatic, directional and high power laser beam is used. 3
- 4. Elements of Laser LasingMedium (Gas, liquid, solid) Pumping process Optical feedback element 4
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- 6. Laser Beam Characteristics: Monochromaticity Coherence VeryLimited Diffraction Extremely high Radiance 6
- 7. Laser Beam TemporalModes Continuous Wave (CW) commonly results in the highest cutting speed & better surface finish. Roughness is determined by thickness, alloy content, etc. Pulsed beam results in the fewest thermal effects & least distortion of work piece. With drilling overlapping holes (see right), it’s possible to cut with smoother surface 7
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- 9. Gas Laser 9 Thegenerally used gas lasers are • Helium – Neon • Argon • CO2 etc. Lasers can be operated in continuous mode or pulsed mode. Typically CO2 gas laser is operated in continuous mode and Nd – YAG laser is operated in pulsed mode.
- 10. Laser formation: Nd-YAGLaser 10
- 11. Solid State Laser11 Ruby which is a chromium–alumina alloy having a wavelength of 0.7 μ m Nd-glass lasers having a wavelength of 1.64 μ m. Nd-YAG laser having a wavelength of 1.06 μ m Solid-state lasers are commonly of the following type These solid-state lasers are generally used in material processing.
- 12. Excimer Laser Uses acombination of an inert gas and reactive gas Excimer is form of Ultraviolet Chemical Laser Excimer is short for ‘excited dimer’ 12 Source: Google Images
- 13. Dye & SemiconductorLaser Dye Laser use complex organic dyes, such as rhodamine 6G Semiconductor Laser sometimes called diode lasers very small and use low power. 14
- 14. Laser Beam Machining Usedlight energy from a laser to remove material by vaporization and ablation Energy is concentrated optically Laser emits either continuous or pulsed light beam 15 Source: Google Images
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- 16. Operation: Laser Cutting Cuttingstarts by drilling a hole by moving beam Cutting speed depends on material and thickness Both pulsed and continuous laser is used Thickness ranges from 0.5-1 inch Used for cutting complex geometry and for clean cutting operation 17 Source: sciencedirect.com
- 17. Job variation &effect: 18
- 18. Ways of Lasercutting 19
- 19. Material Removal Typesof Laser Cutting 20 • low vaporization temperature in materials.Vaporization • Material is melted & ejected by an inert gas jet.Fusion • dross is no longer a metal, but an oxide in reactive fusion.Reactive Fusion • Mechanical snapping along with scribed line occur simultaneously.Scribing
- 20. Laser Cladding Used toimprove surface quality by applying a corrosion resistant layer on product Laser Beam is used to create a shallow melt pool Metal powder is supply using an inert gas flow Application Chemical industry Mining and marine application 21
- 21. Advantages Non Contact No solventchemical Selective material removal Flexibility Fully automated 22
- 22. Limitations High maintenance cost Notfor mass metal removal processes Requires greater control of joint tolerances Presence of Heat Affected Zone Consumes much energy 23
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- 25. References 26 Advance Machining Process Machine Tool Engineering •V.K. Jain •G. R. Nagpal
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