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Laser Beam Machining
Laser beam machining (LBM) is a non-contact manufacturing process that utilizes laser technology for material removal through vaporization and ablation. It includes various types of lasers such as gas, solid-state, and excimer lasers, each with specific applications in cutting, welding, and cladding. The process is known for its precision, flexibility, and automation but has limitations such as high cost and the need for specially trained operators.
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Laser Beam Machining
- 1. LASER BEAM MACHINING SAHIL DEV (10406EN016) MECH IDD PART V 1
- 2. Contents LaserBeam Machining Laser Type of Laser Laser Application Parameters Affecting LBM Advantage Disadvantage References 2
- 3. What is Laser LASER is the acronym for Light Amplified Stimulated Emission of Radiation Laser is a device which generates or amplifies light Stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation Coherent, monochromatic, directional and high power laser beam is used 3
- 4. Elements of Laser Lasing Medium (Gas, liquid, solid) Pumping process Optical feedback element 4
- 5. Laser Beam Machining Used light energy from a laser to remove material by vaporization and ablation Energy is concentrated optically Laser emits either continuous or pulsed light beam 5 Source: Google Images
- 6. Effect of LaserBeam on Material 6 Source: Internet
- 7. Gas Laser Types of Laser Solid State Laser Excimer Laser 7
- 8. Gas Laser Electric current is discharged through a gas to produce a coherent light Operate on the principle of converting electric energy into laser light output Gas acts as pumping medium to attain the necessary population inversion Common gas laser are CO2 Gas Laser, He-Ne Gas Laser 8
- 9. He-Ne Gas Laser9 Source: Google Images
- 10. Solid State Laser Constructed by doping a rare earth element into a variety of host materials Pumped optically by arc lamps or flash lamps Respond well to Q-switching Ruby or Nd:YAG is the most common host material 10
- 11. Ruby Laser 11 Source: HowStuffWorks
- 12. Excimer Laser Uses a combination of an inert gas and reactive gas Excimer is form of Ultraviolet Chemical Laser Excimer is short for ‘excited dimer’ 12 Source: Google Images
- 13. Dye & SemiconductorLaser Dye Laser use complex organic dyes, such as rhodamine 6G Semiconductor Laser sometimes called diode lasers very small and use low power. 13
- 14. Operation: Laser Cutting Cutting starts by drilling a hole by moving beam Cutting speed depends on material and thickness Both pulsed and continuous laser is used Thickness ranges from 0.5-1 inch Used for cutting complex geometry and for clean cutting operation 14 Source: sciencedirect.com
- 15. Laser Welding For welding ceramics and dissimilar materials like steel and aluminum Produces maximum penetration and minimum distortion in materials Beam can be easily shaped, focused and directed Application Razor Blade Electronic Circuit 15
- 16. Laser Cladding Used to improve surface quality by applying a corrosion resistant layer on product Laser Beam is used to create a shallow melt pool Metal powder is supply using an inert gas flow Application Chemical industry Mining and marine application 16 Source: Wikipedia
- 17. Laser Application Heavy Manufacturing Seam & spot welding Cladding & drilling Light Manufacturing Engraving Drilling Electronics Skiving of circuits Wire stripping Medical Cosmetic Surgery Hair removal 17
- 18. Parameter Affecting LBM•Working Material • Assist Gases • Focusing Lenses • Laser Beam • Environment Laser Beam Machining 18
- 19. Advantages NonContact No solvent chemical Selective material removal Flexibility Fully automated 19
- 20. Disadvantages Requiresspecially trained operators Not for mass metal removal processes Requires greater control of joint tolerances Expensive equipment Consumes much energy 20
- 21. References http://www.google.com http://www.sciencedirect.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/laser_cutting http://www.gobookee.org/powerpoint-of-laser-beam-machining/ Laser beam machining (LBM), state of the art and new opportunities/Johan Meijer http://science.howstuffworks.com/laser.htm 21
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