This slide discusses Language Acquisition, especially how children learn verbs. It includes parentese and baby talk, and six stages of learning verbs.

1. “How children learn verbs”
Presented by
Karwandi (06012682024019)
Mariadi (06012682024020)

2. Hornby (2010)
“Verb is a word or group of
words that expresses an
action (such as, eat), an
event (such as, happen), or
a state (such as, exist)”
Rathus (2013)
“Child is a human being
between the stages of birth
and puberty, or between
the developmental period
of infancy and puberty”

3. Newborn 2 Years
1 to 3 Months 3 Years
4 to 6 Months 4 to 5 Years
7 to 9 Months 6 to 12 Years
10 to 12 Months 13 to 18 Years
1 Year
Source: https://www.choc.org/primary-care/ages-stages/

5. “Parentese is the short of speech that
children receive when they are young. It is
also known as motherese, adult-to-child
language, and as child-directed speech”

6. Immediacy and concreteness
Grammaticality of input
Short sentences and simple structures
Vocabulary: simple and short
Exaggerated intonation, pitch, and stress
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

7. “Baby talk is a form of
parentese but with its own
characteristics. Baby talk
involves the use of vocabulary
and syntax that is overly
simplified and reduced.
Vocabulary:
• Bow-wow (dog)
• Mostly (CV)
In English bow-wow, in
Japanese wan-wan are
apparently simulation of the
barking of dogs.

8. Studies showed that language learning
in babies was improved when parents
spoke more than a few simple words
and used a wider vocabulary. Earlier
research found that the style of
speech used by parents to
communicate with their baby could
increase language development.
Kuhl (2019)

9. 1
2
3
Cooing stage
Babbling stage
Holophrastic stage
The two-word stage
Later multiword stage
Telegraphic stage
4
5
6

10. Bolinger (2002:283)
“Cooing or pre-talking stage is the vowel-like sound
responding to human sounds more definitely, turns head,
eyes seem to search for speaker occasionally some
chuckling sounds”.
Producing vowel-like sounds, such as
[u] and [o] in the sounds of “oh”, “uh”, and “ah”.
(0-6 months)

11. Steinberg (2003:147)
“Babbling is the sounds which infants produce as
consonant-vowel combinations”.
Producing different vowels and consonants, such as
• “ba-ba-ba”
• “ma-ma-ma”
• “da-da-da”, and
• “ga-ga-ga”.
(6-8 months)

12. Fromkin (1983:328)
“Holophrastic is the children‟s first single word which
represent to a sentence. Children using one word to
express particular emotional state”.
Producing single terms, such as
• “mama”
• “papa”
• “milk”
(9-18 months)

13. Fromkin (1983:329)
“Children begin to form actual two-word sentences, with
the relations between the two words showing definite
syntactic and semantic relations and the intonation conour
of the two words extending over the whole utterance”.
For instances,
• “baby chair”
• “mommy eat”
• “doggy bark”
(18-24 months)

14. Fromkin (1983:330)
“Children begin to produce utterances that are longer than
two words, these utterances appear to be „sentence-like’”.
For instances,
• “this shoe all wet”
• “daddy go bye-bye”
• “where mummy?”
• “doggie bark me”
(24-30 months)

15. Bolinger (2002:283)
“Later multiword stage is fastest increase in vocabulary
(more than 50 words) with many new additions everyday,
no babbling at all, utterances have communicative intent”.
For instances,
• “Mommy eat carrot”
• “I playing a ball”
• “I fallen down”
(30+ months)

16. Do you have any questions?

17. Hutauruk, B. S. (2015). Children first language acquisition at age 1-3 years old in Balata. IOSR
Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS). 20(8), p. 51-57. Retrieved from
http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jhss/papers/Vol20-issue8/Version-5/F020855157.pdf
https://www.choc.org/primary-care/ages-stages/
https://englanglanguageacquisition.weebly.com/major-stages-of-language-acquisition.html
https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/study-speaking-parentese-helps-baby-s-language-
learning/4764116.html#:~:text=Studies%20showed%20that%20language%20learning,baby%2
0could%20increase%20language%20development
https://www.slideshare.net/cswstyle/stages-of-first-language-acquisition-online-powerpoint-2-14