Intro to sociolect
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A sociolect is a way of speaking that is characteristic of a particular social group. It involves features like vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation that distinguish it from other social groups. People typically use multiple sociolects that correspond to different social groups they belong to, such as occupational, friendship, family, or cultural groups.
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This document discusses social dialects and how they differ from regional dialects. It defines dialect as a variety of a language that signals where a person comes from and is influenced by their social background. Social dialect, also called sociolinguistics, refers to variations in language based on social factors like ethnicity, gender, age, and social class. Regional dialect depends more on the geographical area where a language is spoken. While both reflect social variations in language use, social dialects are influenced more by social barriers between groups rather than geographical distance.
Sapir and Whorf
This document discusses the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, which was first proposed by Edward Sapir and later expanded upon by Benjamin Lee Whorf. It presents the key figures and their backgrounds, including Sapir's work in linguistics and Whorf's study of the Hopi language. The hypothesis is introduced as having both a strong version, that language determines thought, and a weak version, that language influences thought. While heavily criticized, most linguists now accept the weak version to some degree. Examples are given of how language can reflect cultural differences in areas like kinship terminology. The conclusion is that while the extreme versions have been disproven, most agree there is some influence of language on thought.
Sapir whorf
The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis proposes that the structure of a language influences its speakers' worldview or cognition. Kay and Kempton conducted two experiments testing this hypothesis. In the first experiment, English speakers exaggerated differences between colors near the blue-green boundary in their language, while speakers of Tarahumara did not, supporting the hypothesis. However, their second experiment eliminating the potential "name strategy" found no such effect, suggesting language effects are smaller than the strong Sapir-Whorf version proposes. While language likely has some influence, it does not determine thought as the strongest hypothesis claimed.
Sapir whorf hypothesis
The document summarizes the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, which proposes that the language we speak influences our worldview. It discusses early thinkers on this idea like Sapir and Whorf and divides the hypothesis into linguistic determinism, where language determines thought, and linguistic relativity, where language influences thought. It provides examples used by Whorf to support this idea and later criticism of his work from thinkers like Pinker and Fromkin for not providing sufficient evidence and misunderstanding concepts like the Hopi language and time.
Sociolingüística
La sociolingüística surgió como disciplina interdisciplinaria en la década de 1960 a partir del interés convergente de la lingüística, antropología y sociología en el lenguaje. Dos eventos clave en 1964 que impulsaron su desarrollo fueron una conferencia sobre sociolingüística en Los Ángeles y la reunión de Indiana en Bloomington. La sociolingüística estudia el lenguaje desde una perspectiva social, analizando las relaciones entre factores sociales y la estructura lingüística.
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