This document describes a voice recognition wireless home automation system based on Zigbee. The system uses a microcontroller connected to a HM2007 speech recognition chip and Zigbee modules to allow voice control of home appliances from a base station. The base station takes voice commands from a microphone, which are processed by the HM2007 chip and sent via Zigbee to a remote station. The remote station then controls electrical devices and sensors and sends status information back to the base station display. The system is designed for elderly and disabled users to easily operate home automation with voice commands for security and convenience.
Thesis - Voice Control Home AutomationAbhishek Neb
Voice is used in this project for the controlling switches. Reason for choosing voice is because it is easily being reproduced by human. Besides that, usage of voice gives a control system that can be effective and convenient to be used. The application of this system involve modifying the switching system from the traditional way which is physical contact with the switch to a safer way where the usage of voice to replace all the physical contact. This project involve a simple switching system that used the transistor along with relay to do all the connecting of the power to the devices, a voice recognition system that consists of voice recognition chip AT89C51, and the AT89C51 microcontroller to build up the system. The ULN2003 serves as the ear that will listen and interpret the command by the given while the AT89C51 serve as the brain of the system that will coordinate the correct output with the input command given. This project able to recognition the command trained by the user and successfully to execute the correct output. This project is a small scale design which consists of 8 commands that will used to control three different switches. The command is able to individually switch on and switch off each of the switch. Besides that, the command also able to switch on all and off all the switch at the same time.
voice recognition based home automation system using arm-7Ajesh Kumar
The Wireless Home Automation System is an integrated system to facilitate elderly and disabled people with an easy-to-use home automation system that can be fully operated based on speech commands.
The system is portable and constructed in a way that is easy to install, configure, run, and maintain.
The project demonstrates a system that can be integrated as a single portable unit and allows one to wirelessly control lights, fans, air conditioners, television sets, security cameras, electronic doors, computer systems, audio/visual equipment’s etc.
Voice controlled home appliances - This project is designed to control home appliances using a voice-controlled Android application. A home automation system can be controlled via a remote and/or with home computers, and smart phones.
This project is called ‘Voice Controlled Home Automation project using Arduino’
which enables a user to control the home appliances through voice commands sent to
an Android app i.e AMR voice app.
Thesis - Voice Control Home AutomationAbhishek Neb
Voice is used in this project for the controlling switches. Reason for choosing voice is because it is easily being reproduced by human. Besides that, usage of voice gives a control system that can be effective and convenient to be used. The application of this system involve modifying the switching system from the traditional way which is physical contact with the switch to a safer way where the usage of voice to replace all the physical contact. This project involve a simple switching system that used the transistor along with relay to do all the connecting of the power to the devices, a voice recognition system that consists of voice recognition chip AT89C51, and the AT89C51 microcontroller to build up the system. The ULN2003 serves as the ear that will listen and interpret the command by the given while the AT89C51 serve as the brain of the system that will coordinate the correct output with the input command given. This project able to recognition the command trained by the user and successfully to execute the correct output. This project is a small scale design which consists of 8 commands that will used to control three different switches. The command is able to individually switch on and switch off each of the switch. Besides that, the command also able to switch on all and off all the switch at the same time.
voice recognition based home automation system using arm-7Ajesh Kumar
The Wireless Home Automation System is an integrated system to facilitate elderly and disabled people with an easy-to-use home automation system that can be fully operated based on speech commands.
The system is portable and constructed in a way that is easy to install, configure, run, and maintain.
The project demonstrates a system that can be integrated as a single portable unit and allows one to wirelessly control lights, fans, air conditioners, television sets, security cameras, electronic doors, computer systems, audio/visual equipment’s etc.
Voice controlled home appliances - This project is designed to control home appliances using a voice-controlled Android application. A home automation system can be controlled via a remote and/or with home computers, and smart phones.
This project is called ‘Voice Controlled Home Automation project using Arduino’
which enables a user to control the home appliances through voice commands sent to
an Android app i.e AMR voice app.
Raspberry Pi controlled Home AutomationRaiz Maharjan
A project report of Home Automation that allows users to remotely control home appliances using android app, also equipped with live streaming feature.
The past decade has seen significant advancement in the field of consumer electronics. Various ‘intelligent’ appliances such as cellular phones, air-conditioners, home security devices, home theatres, etc. are set to realize the concept of a smart home. They have given rise to a Personal Area Network in home environment, where all these appliances can be interconnected and monitored using a single controller.
Busy families and individuals with physical limitation represent an attractive market for home automation and networking. A wireless home network that does not incur additional costs of wiring would be desirable. Bluetooth technology, which has emerged in late 1990s, is an ideal solution for this purpose.
Home automation involves introducing a degree of computerized or automatic control to
Certain electrical and electronic systems in a building. These include lighting, temperature
Control etc.
This project demonstrates a simple home automation system which contains a remote mobile host controller and several client modules (home appliances). The client modules communicate with the host controller through a wireless device such as a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone, in this case, an android based Smart phone.
Speech Recognized Automation System Using Speaker Identification through Wire...IOSR Journals
Abstract : This paper discusses the methodology for a project named “Speech Recognized Automation System using Speaker Identification through wireless communication”. This project gives the design of Automation system using wireless communication and speaker recognition using Matlab code. Straightforward programming interface of Matlab makes it an ideal tool for speech analysis in project. This automation system is useful for home appliances as well as in industry. This paper discusses the overall design of a wireless automation system which is built and implemented. The speech recognition centers on recognition of speech commands stored in data base of Matlab and it is matched with incoming voice command of speaker. Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) algorithm is used to recognize the speech of speaker and to extract features of speech. It uses low-power RF ZigBee transceiver wireless communication modules which are relatively cheap. This automation system is intended to control lights, fans and other electrical appliances in a home or office using speech commands like Light, Fan etc. Further, if security is not big issue then Speech processor is used to control the appliances without speaker identification. Keywords — Automation system, MATLAB code, MFCC, speaker identification, ZigBee transceiver.
Raspberry Pi controlled Home AutomationRaiz Maharjan
A project report of Home Automation that allows users to remotely control home appliances using android app, also equipped with live streaming feature.
The past decade has seen significant advancement in the field of consumer electronics. Various ‘intelligent’ appliances such as cellular phones, air-conditioners, home security devices, home theatres, etc. are set to realize the concept of a smart home. They have given rise to a Personal Area Network in home environment, where all these appliances can be interconnected and monitored using a single controller.
Busy families and individuals with physical limitation represent an attractive market for home automation and networking. A wireless home network that does not incur additional costs of wiring would be desirable. Bluetooth technology, which has emerged in late 1990s, is an ideal solution for this purpose.
Home automation involves introducing a degree of computerized or automatic control to
Certain electrical and electronic systems in a building. These include lighting, temperature
Control etc.
This project demonstrates a simple home automation system which contains a remote mobile host controller and several client modules (home appliances). The client modules communicate with the host controller through a wireless device such as a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone, in this case, an android based Smart phone.
Speech Recognized Automation System Using Speaker Identification through Wire...IOSR Journals
Abstract : This paper discusses the methodology for a project named “Speech Recognized Automation System using Speaker Identification through wireless communication”. This project gives the design of Automation system using wireless communication and speaker recognition using Matlab code. Straightforward programming interface of Matlab makes it an ideal tool for speech analysis in project. This automation system is useful for home appliances as well as in industry. This paper discusses the overall design of a wireless automation system which is built and implemented. The speech recognition centers on recognition of speech commands stored in data base of Matlab and it is matched with incoming voice command of speaker. Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) algorithm is used to recognize the speech of speaker and to extract features of speech. It uses low-power RF ZigBee transceiver wireless communication modules which are relatively cheap. This automation system is intended to control lights, fans and other electrical appliances in a home or office using speech commands like Light, Fan etc. Further, if security is not big issue then Speech processor is used to control the appliances without speaker identification. Keywords — Automation system, MATLAB code, MFCC, speaker identification, ZigBee transceiver.
Luxury home automation wasn’t a face of everyday life. Today it is, though gradually! Directly controlling and seamlessly staying connected with the home systems you use every day via a mobile device would significantly enhance your quality of life. It is not only about remotely controlling the lights, AC, fan, audio systems, curtains, television, kitchen appliances, garage doors, sprinklers from your smartphone from anywhere. Again it is not merely about regularly monitoring the security of your home and your kids from your workplace miles away. It is all about convenience and safety. It is about exploiting the latest of what technology has on offer. It is about saving energy significantly and contributing to the creation of a greener earth through use of energy efficient systems. A smart home offers all of these – comfort, convenience, monetary savings, and safety. Smart Automation has emerged as a reliable and leading service provider in this segment.
My Final Year Project - Individual Control Home Automation SystemMichael Olafusi
This project involves the design and construction of an individual control home
automation system using RS232, GSM technology and a microcontroller.
Home automation is the automatic or semi-automatic control and monitoring of
household appliances and residential house features like doors, gate and even the windows.
This project is a demonstration of how to design and build a multi purpose remotely
controlled system that can switch OFF and ON any electrical household appliance (including the security light), by dialling a phone already interfaced via RS232 to a microcontroller that controls a relay for the automatic switching on and off of the appliance and the phone will send a feedback short message service text indicating the new state of the appliance, whether switched ON or OFF.
The results of this project show that a microcontroller is a very powerful device for
building smart electronic devices that can automatically control electrical appliances, with little circuitry complexities and components.
The smart home automated control system is an integrated system to facilitate elderly and disabled people with an easy-to-use home automation system that can be fully operated based on android application. The system is portable and constructed in a way that is easy to install, configure, run, and maintain. A typical wireless smart home automation system allows one to control house hold appliances centralize control unit which is wireless.
Automatic Control of Instruments Using Efficient Speech Recognition AlgorithmIJEEE
Matlab straight forward programming interface make it an ideal tool for Hindi Key word Recognition. For the extraction of the feature, Hindi Key word database has been designed by using the Matlab 7.5. The database consists of the eight key words.
gui based device controller using matlab Major presentationPalak Sinha
major presentation on graphical user interface developing in matlab to control the device control like arduino output , for extending it to home automation etc.
Handicapped Assistance Device for Controlling Electrical Appliances Jamuna R - Assistant Professor,
Abhinai S - UG scholar,
Jhananadhan SP - UG scholar,
Department of ECE,
SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India
Google Voice Assistance Based Smart Home AutomationGauthamG4
The idea behind Google assistant-controlled Home automation is to control home devices with voice. On the market there are many devices available to do that, but making our own is awesome. In this project, the Google assistant requires voice commands. Adafruit account which is a cloud based free IoT web server used to create virtual switches, is linking to IFTTT website abbreviated as “If This Than That” which is used to create if else conditional statements. The voice commands for Google assistant have been added through IFTTT website. In this home automation, as the user gives commands to the Google assistant, Home appliances like Bulb, Fan and Motor etc., can be controlled accordingly. The commands given through the Google assistant are decoded and then sent to the microcontroller, the microcontroller in turn control the relays connected to it. The device connected to the respective relay can be turned On or OFF as per the users request to the Google Assistant. The microcontroller used is NodeMCU (ESP8266) and the communication between the microcontroller and the application is established via Wi-Fi (Internet).
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdf
Voice Recognition Wireless Home Automation System Based On Zigbee
1. IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
e-ISSN: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 6, Issue 1 (May. - Jun. 2013), PP 65-75
www.iosrjournals.org
www.iosrjournals.org 65 | Page
Voice Recognition Wireless Home Automation System
Based On Zigbee
Dhawan S. Thakur1
and Aditi Sharma2
.
Eternal University, Himachal Pradesh, India
Abstract : In the recent years, the Home Automation systems has seen a rapid changes due to introduction of
various wireless technologies The explosion in the wireless technology has seen the emergence of many
standards, especially in the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio band. ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4
standard for data communications with business and consumer devices. Zigbee is targeted at applications that
requires low data rate, long battery life, and secure networking. Zigbee has a defined rate of 250 kbits/s, best
suited for periodic or intermittent data or a single signal transmission from a sensor or input device. The
wireless home Automation systems is supposed to be implemented in existing home environments, without any
changes in the infrastructure. The automation centers on recognition of voice commands and uses low-power
ZigBee wireless communication modules along with microcontroller. This system is most suitable for the elderly
and the disabled persons especially those who live alone and since recognize voice so it is secure. The home
automation system is intended to control all lights and electrical appliances in a home or office using voice
commands. So in this paperwork our aim is to designed a voice recognition wireless ZigBee based home
automation system.
Keywords - Home automation, Microcontroller , Voice Recognition, ZigBee, Power Supply.
I. INTRODUCTION
The Wireless Home Automation System is an integrated system to facilitate elderly and disabled
people with an easy-to-use home automation system that can be fully operated based on speech commands. The
system is portable and constructed in a way that is easy to install, configure, run, and maintain.
A typical wireless home automation system allows one to control house hold appliances from a
centralized control unit which is wireless. These appliances usually have to be specially designed to be
compatible with each other and with the control unit for most commercially available home automation systems.
The project demonstrates a system that can be integrated as a single portable unit and allows one to wirelessly
control lights, fans, air conditioners, television sets, security cameras, electronic doors, computer systems,
audio/visual equipment’s etc. and turn on or off any appliance that is plugged into a wall outlet, get the status of
different sensors and take decision accordingly. The overall system is controlled from a microphone which is
connected with HM 2007 speech recognition chip. This chip sends the voice commands in binary sequence to
microcontroller. The base station unit takes decision and send the commands to remote station by ZigBee
transceiver. The remote system receives the commands through ZigBee transceiver and performs the request
function. The sensors unit is capable of detecting when the user enters or leaves the room by measuring the
change in signals strength between the access Point and can accordingly turn on or off appliances such as lights
and fans and in the meantime send its status back to base station.
II. System Overview
The home automation system contains both a base station and a remote station. Each station will be
packaged separately and have a separate PCB.
2.1 BASE STATION
The base station will operate with a +5V power supply. This voltage will be used as the operating
voltage for all of the circuit elements in the base station. The microphone in the base station will be picking up
audio in a close range. The audio signal from the microphone will be input into the HM 2007 speech
recognition chip. The HM 2007 chip will process the audio and determine if the commands are speech
commands and valid then it will pass the commands through microcontroller and ZigBee to remote station
where the matched command operation will be performed . A 16 x 2 LCD interfaces with the microcontroller to
display the current status of the sensors and relay switches on/off state. A sound alarm is given in the base
station as well as in the remote station which indicate the status of water level either water in the tank is
overflowing (To off the water motor) or below limit(To on).The HM 2007 chip does voice analysis and
recognition on the microphone audio signals. The HM 2007 interfaces directly with a microphone and the
microcontroller in turn interfaced with ZigBee transceiver. The word length to be recognized will be selected to
2. Voice Recognition Wireless Home Automation System Based On Zigbee
www.iosrjournals.org 66 | Page
be the highest amount of 1.92 seconds. This will allow a maximum of 20 words to be memorized with the 8K-
byte memory used. This will suit the needs of our product, as the speech commands will never surpass 20
words. measuring the change in signals strength between the access Point and can accordingly turn on or off
appliances such as lights and fans and in the meantime send its status back to base station.
Figure 1. Handheld microphone with voice recognition unit in the base station
1.1 REMOTE STATION
The remote station will operate with same +5 V power supply. The remote station microcontroller
receives the digital signal commands from the base station using the Zigbee wireless protocol and performs the
request function. On the basis of command signals received it will update the status of relay switches board. It
also read the sensors values and update the LCD status on the remote station. The sensors unit is capable of
detecting when the user enters or leaves the room by measuring the change in signals strength between the
access Point and can accordingly turn on or off appliances such as lights and fans and in the meantime send its
status back to base station.
Figure 2. Functional Block Diagram of Remote station Unit
III. Project Design Methodology
This section will discuss the methodology involved in the design of the Voice Recognition Wireless
Home Automation System Based On ZigBee. The project was divided into parts to make the design process
modular. In the prototype board fabricated by the authors, these parts replaced with their specifications are:
3.1 Speech Recognition Unit: The heart of speech recognition system is HM2007 voice recognition IC. The IC
can recognize 20 words, each word a length of 1.92 seconds
3.2 ZigBee: It is a low-cost, low-power, wireless networking standard. The low cost allows the technology to be
widely deployed in wireless control and monitoring applications, the low power-usage allows longer life with
smaller batteries, and different networking topologies provides high reliability and larger range.
3. Voice Recognition Wireless Home Automation System Based On Zigbee
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3.3 Microcontroller: Any 8-bit microcontroller can be configured with the system. Here we have used 8051
microcontroller(AT89S51)-full static CMOS controller, 8k Flash memory, 256 bytes RAM,4 I/O ports of 8 bit
wide, 3 timers/counters, 8 interrupt sources etc.
3.4 Liquid Crystal Display(HD 162A): 16x2 LCD that is 16 character per row.
3.5 Power supply unit.
3.6 Different sensors, relay switches board and sound alarm.
3.1 SPEECH RECOGNITION UNIT
The speech recognition system is a completely assembled and easy to use programmable speech recognition
circuit. Programmable, in the sense that we can train the words that we want the circuit to recognize. This circuit
board allows us to experiment with many facets of speech recognition technology. It has 8 bit data out which
can be interfaced with any microcontroller for further development.
3.1.1 FEATURES
• User programmable
• Up to 20 word vocabulary of duration two second each
• Multi-lingual
• Non-volatile memory back up with 3V battery backup which will keep the speech recognition data in memory
even after power off.
• Easily interfaced to any microcontroller like 8051, PIC or AVR can be interfaced to data port.
3.1.2 HM2007
It is a single chip CMOS voice recognition LSI circuit with the on-chip analog front-end, voice
analysis, recognition process and system control function.
Figure 3. Functional Pin Description of HM 2007
A 20 isolated word voice recognition system can be composed of external microphone, keyboard, 8K
SRAM and other components, combined with a microcontroller, an intelligent recognition system can be built.
It support two control mode: Manual mode and CPU mode. It is also available in 48-pin PDIP. The pin
description of HM2007 is shown above.
The keypad and digital display are used to communicate with and program the HM2007 chip. The
keypad is made up of 12 normally open momentary contact switches. The 74LS373 8-bit registers feature 3-
state outputs designed specifically for driving highly capacitive or relatively low-impedance loads. The high-
impedance 3-state and increased high-logic-level drive provide these registers with the capability of being
connected directly to and driving the bus lines in a bus-organized system without need for interface or pull-up
components. The IC 7448 is BCD to 7–segment common cathode IC. To display the data, we have to convert it
from BCD to 7-segment code. The IC makes this process. It has four inputs called BCD inputs and seven
outputs to drive the display. The voice recognition system schematic diagram is shown below in fig.4.
A microphone is connected directly with pin 15(MICIN) of HM2007which is shown below. On this system,
voice is trained first and then recognized whenever a command is given through microphone.
4. Voice Recognition Wireless Home Automation System Based On Zigbee
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Figure 4. Schematic diagram of Voice Recognition System With Manual and CPU Mode Option
The speech recognition system is a completely assembled and easy to use programmable speech recognition
circuit. Programmable, in the sense that we train the words (or vocal utterances) which we want the circuit to
recognize. This board allows us to experiment with many facets of speech recognition technology. It has 8 bit
data out which can be interfaced with any microcontroller for further development. Some of interfacing
applications which can be made are controlling home appliances, robotics movements, Speech Assisted
technologies, Speech to text translation, and many more. It has Non-volatile memory back up with 3V battery
onboard which will keep the speech recognition data in memory even after power off.
3.1.3 SYSTEM WORKING
There are two mode which are supported by this system, Manual mode and CPU mode
3.1.3.1 MANUAL MODE
This mode is selected by connecting Pin 14(CPUM) to ground by using SPDT switch. When the circuit is
turned on, “00” is on the digital display, the red LED (contacted with READY pin) is lit and the circuit waits for
a command. By using this mode we can do following task:
Training Words for Recognition:
Testing Recognition:
Error Codes Detection in 7-segment display. This happens when the voice command is too short or too long.
Clearing Memory.
3.1.3.2 CPU MODE
This mode is used when we want to perform additional functions or want to make our system smart,
this is done by connecting voice recognition system with the microcontroller. This mode is selected by
connecting Pin 14(CPUM) to Vcc by using SPDT switch. In this mode K-bus is used as a bidirectional data bus
between the microcontroller and HM2007 and S1 to S3 as R/W control pins. The several function provide by
CPU modes which are similar to manual mode are :
RECOG
TRAIN
RESULT
UPLOAD
DOWNLOAD
RESET
5. Voice Recognition Wireless Home Automation System Based On Zigbee
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3.2 ZIGBEE
The explosion in wireless technology has seen the emergence of many standards, especially in
the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio band. There have been a multitude of proprietary protocols for
control applications, which bottlenecked interfacing. Need for a widely accepted standard for communication
between sensors in low data rate wireless networks was felt. As an answer to this dilemma, many companies
forged an alliance to create a standard which would be accepted worldwide.
It was this ZigBee Alliance that created ZigBee. Bluetooth and Wi-Fi should not be confused with
ZibBee. Both Bluetooth and Wi-Fi have been developed for communication of large amount of data with
complex structure like the media files, software etc. ZigBee on the other hand has been developed looking into
the needs of communication of data with simple structure like the data from the sensors.
ZigBee has been developed to meet the growing demand for capable wireless networking between
numerous low power devices. In industry ZigBee is being used for next generation automated manufacturing,
with small transmitters in every device on the floor, allowing for communication between devices to a central
computer. This new level of communication permits finely-tuned remote monitoring and manipulation.
The ZigBee and ZigBee Pro radio is made by Digi (formerly Maxstream) which is shipped with
firmware implementing the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol. These modules use the IEEE 802.15.4 networking protocol
for fast point-to-point or peer-to-peer networking. However, the most different part between ZigBee and ZigBee
Pro is they have different cover distance range for communicate with own module. ZigBee can be covers around
30m at indoor and 100m at outdoor. Inversely, ZigBee Pro can cover higher distance range than ZigBee which
is 100m at indoor and 1500m at outdoor. Both devices that have a UART interface so can be connected directly
from microcontroller to pins of RF Module (ZigBee/ZigBee Pro). Using UART interface, we can use this
wireless devices to communicate between microcontroller to microcontroller (two 8051’s) or between PC to
microcontroller or between PC to PC. Here, we will discuss how to use two ZigBee/ZigBee Pros to interface
with microcontroller and how to send command for configuration ZigBee/ZigBee Pro Module. The role of the
Zigbee module is to be as transparent as possible. It should be as if a wire was connecting the input to the output
and connectivity is never lost. While this sounds simple, it's actually a very hard task to accomplish and error
correction is a must, which the Zigbee's role in offering sound and reliable wireless communication. ZigBee pin
diagram is shown below:
Figure 5. ZigBee pin configuration
Looking at the ZigBee pinout we can see right away the different types of input that can be translated and
transmitted wirelessly:
Digital I/O
Analog I/O (10 bit resolution)
Pulse with Modulation
Serial Communication (SPI/RS232/I2
C)
CTS/DTR Control Signals
These are some the most common types of signals that are used in electronics and the ZigBee offer them all as
inputs and outputs.
3.2.1 XBEE/XBEEPRO HARDWARE INTERFACE BETWEEN PC
Here I have used two different ZigBee starter kit one is USB compatible kit with PC and other one is
RS232 protocol compatible with PC. I have connected one of the starter kit with the USB port and the other one
with Serial Com port of same or different PC (depends upon choice). Bear in mind, ZigBee is designed for 3.3V
system, this starter kit have inbuilt 3.3V regulated power supply so we don’t need to worry about this. Those
system in which we want to connect ZigBee as a stand-alone device will require extra work and component
before ZigBee module could be embedded in the system. Next step is to set ZigBee Module Source address and
Destination address, it is very important for us to transfer data by transparently from one ZigBee module
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(Source) to another ZigBee module (Destination) so that it don’t interfere with other module in the same
network. Two ways to setting ID address which is using X-CTU software or using programming code to send
specified command for ZigBee ID address setting. We will discuss only one way of configuring ZigBee module
by using X-CTU software only since this is sufficient for our research paper work.
X-CTU which is a computer based software to communicate with ZigBee, to change configuration or
Transmit/Receive data. Double click the “setup_x-ctu.exe” file to install this Software.
Figure 6. Using X-CTU software to setting Source address or Destination address.
Launch the X-CTU Software and connect the USB cable from USB compatible starter kit to any of the USB
port (without connecting to microcontroller board). Select “PC Setting” tab under X-CTU software window–>
select USB Serial Port (Here it is COM 12 appeared and unaltered all the other settings ) –> Now click
“TEST/QUERY” as shown in Fig. 7.1.
All the other settings like -Baud rate: 9600- Data bits: 0 - Parity: NONE - Stop bits: 1 and others are unchanged
or could be changed according to data transmission rate required.
Figure 7.1 Figure 7.2
ZigBee Cordinator ZigBee Router (End Device)
Configuring By Using X-CTU Software.
If everything is fine, a dialogue box will appear as shown below in Fig.8.1, click “OK” to close this box:
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Figure 8.1 Figure 8.2
ZigBee Cordinator ZigBee Router (End Device)
Configuring By Using X-CTU Software.
Now repeat the same steps with the other serial com port compatible starter kit. Connect the cable of starter kit
with the com port of PC. Run the X-CTU software. Select “PC Setting” tab under X-CTU software window–>
select serial COM Port (Here it is COM 1 appeared and unaltered all the other settings ) –> Now click
“TEST/QUERY” as shown in Fig. 7.2. If everything is fine, a dialogue box will appear as shown in Fig 8.2, click
“OK” to close this box. Here we have used the single PC Serial Com Port and USB port for the testing purpose.
As shown in the figure 8 the modem type is XB 24-B so click now on the Modem Configuration Tab.
Select modem XBEE type (as it is XB 24-B)
Click on the Function set and select Coordinator AT (For point to point communication AT command
mode is simplest)
Choose always update firmware
Click on write.
Within a few seconds the new firmware will be installed on ZigBee. Keep the other settings unchanged as
shown in Fig. 9.1.Similarly go to second X-CTU window as shown in the Fig. 8.2 here again the modem type is
XB 24-B so click now on the Modem Configuration Tab.
Select modem XBEE type (as it is XB 24-B)
Click on the Function set and select Router/End Device AT
Choose always update firmware
Click on write
Within a few seconds the new firmware will be installed on ZigBee. Keep the other settings unchanged as
shown in below Fig.9.2.
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Figure 9.1 Figure 9.2
ZigBee Coordinator Zigbee Router (End Device)
Modem Configuration.
Now go to Range Test Tab and in both X-CTU windows click on start if everything is done correctly the both
ZigBee start communicating each other as shown in below picture. Now both the ZigBee module are configured
successfully and can be attached with remote station and base station microcontroller board. The range test is
shown below in Fig.10 .
Figure 10. Range Test Between Co-ordinator and Router/End Device
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3.2.2: ZIGBEE / ZIGBEEPRO HARDWARE INTERFACE BETWEEN MICROCONTROLLER
If we want to use coding to send the command to ZigBee, we have to ensure the hardware connection
between Zigbee to microcontroller is complete. Any microcontroller with UART peripheral can be used to
interface with ZigBee as shown below:
Figure 11. Standard ZigBee wireless communication link with microcontroller
The way we will be using the Zigbee is far easier. Straight out of the box, the Zigbee is normally configured for
9600bps serial communication and so to make things easier, we haven’t change any of the configuration
options. This means we will only be using the Vcc, GND, Din and Dout pins and left other pins unconnected. In
Fig.11 we have connected RXD pin no.3of ZigBee to TXD pin of microcontroller and ZigBee TXD pin no. 2 to
RXD pin of microcontroller.
3.3 MICROCONTROLLER 8051
Since the project’s focus is on embedded hardware and software control, the microcontroller is the
heart of the system. The microcontroller selected for this project must be able to read values from sensors
through analog to digital convertor, send and receive signals from RF module and must be able to display them
to LCD. Any 8-bit microcontroller can be chosen for this purpose. The AT89S51 was selected as it satisfies
these requirements
A 11.0592 MHz crystal oscillator was also used in conjunction with the 8051 to provide the necessary clock
input. This speed is sufficient for the application. A pin diagram of the AT89S51 is provided in Figure 12.
The inbuilt capabilities of 8051 microcontroller (AT89S51) are
It is a full static CMOS controller
8k Flash memory
256 bytes RAM
4 I/O ports of 8 bit wide
3 timers/counters
8 interrupt sources etc.
Figure 12. 8051 Microcontroller with basic connection
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3.4 LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)
Here we are using a 16 x 2 LCD for displaying the values on the screen. It has 16 pins. It support 16
characters per rows and total no of rows are 2.It means that it can support up to 32 character at a time, which is
sufficient for data display purpose. RS, R/W and Enable pins of LCD are connected with the receiving end
microcontroller port pins. Data lines D0-D7 are connected to one of the output port of microcontroller.
The basic connection of LCD is shown below in figure 13.Here VDD (contrast voltage) is adjusted by
using a variable resistor connected with it.
Figure 13. LCD Basic Connection Diagram
3.5 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
In the power section a simple 9-12V battery is connected with the transmitting end as well as receiving
end. Since the microcontroller which is the central processing unit works on regulated +5V power supply so this
can be achieved by connecting a +5 volt regulator at the output of battery. This is shown in figure 14.
Figure 14. Battery operated +5V power supply
3.6 OTHER COMPONENTS:
A single relay switch connection to microcontroller are shown below. Any home appliance operating
under A.C voltage supply could be connected directly with this relay interface circuit. A buzzer can also be
connected by applying +12V at the common terminal of relay. Remaining relays of the interface circuit board
could also be configured with the microcontroller in the similar fashion.
Figure 15. Relays switch board interfacing with the microcontroller
Similarly different sensors could be interface with the microcontroller by using analog to digital convertor or
comparator circuit. So any sensors can be connected with the remote station according to the system
requirement.