The document describes a voice-controlled home automation project using Arduino, designed to allow users to control household appliances like lights and fans through voice commands, benefitting especially physically challenged individuals. The system utilizes an Android application, Bluetooth connectivity, and a relay module for automation, making it versatile and user-friendly without requiring internet access. It outlines the project goals, specifications, and functioning, noting potential pronunciation issues as a challenge for effective voice recognition.

1.
MBSD​ ​Project
Voice​ ​Control​ ​Home​ ​Automation
December​ ​04,​ ​2017
By:​ ​Arushi​ ​Chaudhry,​ ​Saumya​ ​Tiwari,​ ​Sonam​ ​Yadav
Overview
In​ ​today’s​ ​modern​ ​technology​ ​world,​ ​where​ ​almost​ ​all​ ​the​ ​electronic​ ​devices​ ​or
appliances​ ​can​ ​be​ ​remotely​ ​controlled,​ ​our​ ​​ ​new​ ​project​ ​which​ ​would​ ​help​ ​an
individual​ ​to​ ​control​ ​the​ ​lights,​ ​fans​ ​etc.​ ​by​ ​just​ ​talking​ ​to​ ​them​ ​and​ ​will​ ​be​ ​a​ ​boon​ ​for
physically​ ​challenged​ ​and​ ​disabled​ ​people.
This​ ​project​ ​is​ ​called​ ​‘Voice​ ​Controlled​ ​Home​ ​Automation​ ​project​ ​using​ ​Arduino’
which​ ​enables​ ​a​ ​user​ ​to​ ​control​ ​the​ ​home​ ​appliances​ ​through​ ​voice​ ​commands​ ​sent​ ​to
an​ ​Android​ ​app.
What​ ​is​ ​Home​ ​Automation?
Home​ ​automation​​ ​or​ ​​domotics​​ ​​
is​ ​building​ ​automation​ ​for​ ​a​ ​home,​ ​called​ ​a​ ​​smart
home​​ ​or​ ​​smart​ ​house​.​ ​It​ ​involves​ ​the​ ​control​ ​and​ ​automation​ ​of​ ​lighting,​ ​heating​ ​(such
as​ ​smart​ ​thermostats),​ ​ventilation,​ ​air​ ​conditioning​ ​(HVAC),​ ​and​ ​security,​ ​as​ ​well​ ​as
home​ ​appliances​ ​such​ ​as​ ​washer/dryers,​ ​ovens​ ​or​ ​refrigerators/freezers.​ ​Wi-Fi​ ​is​ ​often
used​ ​for​ ​remote​ ​monitoring​ ​and​ ​control.​ ​Home​ ​devices,​ ​when​ ​remotely​ ​monitored​ ​and
controlled​ ​via​ ​the​ ​Internet,​ ​are​ ​an​ ​important​ ​constituent​ ​of​ ​the​ ​Internet​ ​of​ ​Things.
Modern​ ​systems​ ​generally​ ​consist​ ​of​ ​switches​ ​and​ ​sensors​ ​connected​ ​to​ ​a​ ​central​ ​hub
sometimes​ ​called​ ​a​ ​"gateway"​ ​from​ ​which​ ​the​ ​system​ ​is​ ​controlled​ ​with​ ​a​ ​user​ ​interface

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that​ ​is​ ​interacted​ ​either​ ​with​ ​a​ ​wall-mounted​ ​terminal,​ ​mobile​ ​phone​ ​software,
tablet​ ​computer​ ​or​ ​a​ ​web​ ​interface,​ ​often​ ​but​ ​not​ ​always​ ​via​ ​Internet​ ​cloud​ ​services.
Goals​ ​:
1.​ ​Home​ ​automation​ ​using​ ​voice​ ​control​ ​can​ ​help​ ​disabled​ ​persons​ ​use​ ​appliances​ ​with
ease.
2.​ ​The​ ​Internet​ ​is​ ​not​ ​required​ ​for​ ​using​ ​this​ ​project.
3.​ ​Multiple​ ​devices/appliances​ ​can​ ​be​ ​controlled​ ​using​ ​one​ ​Android​ ​device.
Specifications:
The​ ​components​ ​that​ ​are​ ​used​ ​in​ ​the​ ​Home​ ​Automation​ ​using​ ​voice​ ​control​ ​project​ ​are
a.​ ​Device​ ​Control​ ​app​ ​installed​ ​on​ ​an​ ​Android​ ​smartphone.
b.​ ​A​ ​Bluetooth​ ​(HC-05)​ ​receiver​ ​unit,​ ​which​ ​is​ ​used​ ​to​ ​connect​ ​the​ ​devices​ ​to​ ​the
Android​ ​mobile.
c.​ ​A​ ​Microcontroller​ ​–​ ​Arduino​ ​Uno.​ ​However,​ ​other​ ​microcontrollers​ ​like​ ​89s51,​ ​89c51,
89s52,​ ​89v51RD2,​ ​PIC18F4550,​ ​AVR​ ​ATmega32​ ​can​ ​also​ ​be​ ​used.
d.​ ​​ ​Relay.
f.​ ​Electrical​ ​appliances​ ​–​ ​Any​ ​home​ ​appliance.​ ​For​ ​demonstration​ ​two​ ​DC​ ​devices​ ​to
the​ ​2​ ​relays​ ​(LED​ ​bulb​ ​and​ ​one​ ​servo​ ​motor​ ​)​ ​are​ ​connected.​ ​And​ ​3​ ​out​ ​of​ ​5​ ​relays​ ​are
kept​ ​open​ ​that​ ​can​ ​be​ ​used​ ​to​ ​connect​ ​additional​ ​devices.

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Components​ ​Used:
● Arduino​ ​Board
● Bluetooth​ ​Module
● Relay
● Breadboard
● Bulb
● Jumper​ ​Wire
Bluetooth​ ​Module:
HC-05
HC‐05​ ​module​​ ​is​ ​an​ ​easy​ ​to​ ​use​ ​​Bluetooth​ ​SPP​ ​(Serial​ ​Port​ ​Protocol)
module​,designed​ ​for​ ​transparent​ ​wireless​ ​serial​ ​connection​ ​setup.
The​ ​Bluetooth​ ​module​ ​HC-05​ ​is​ ​a​ ​MASTER/SLAVE​ ​module.By​ ​default​ ​the​ ​factory
setting​ ​is​ ​SLAVE.The​ ​Role​ ​of​ ​the​ ​module​ ​(Master​ ​or​ ​Slave)​ ​can​ ​be​ ​configured​ ​only​ ​by
AT​ ​COMMANDS.The​ ​slave​ ​modules​ ​cannot​ ​initiate​ ​a​ ​connection​ ​to​ ​another​ ​Bluetooth
device,​ ​but​ ​can​ ​accept​ ​connections.Master​ ​module​ ​can​ ​initiate​ ​a​ ​connection​ ​to​ ​other
devices.The​ ​user​ ​can​ ​use​ ​it​ ​simply​ ​for​ ​a​ ​serial​ ​port​ ​replacement​ ​to​ ​establish
connection​ ​between​ ​MCU​ ​and​ ​GPS,​ ​PC​ ​to​ ​your​ ​embedded​ ​project,​ ​etc.
2​ ​Relay​ ​Module:
The​ ​relay​ ​is​ ​actually​ ​a​ ​switch​ ​alike​ ​component​ ​just​ ​the​ ​difference​ ​is​ ​the​ ​way​ ​of
triggering​ ​is​ ​through​ ​the​ ​magnetic​ ​field​ ​that​ ​will​ ​change​ ​the​ ​contact​ ​and​ ​thus
activating​ ​a​ ​switch.
This​ ​is​ ​a​ ​5V,​ ​10A​ ​2-Channel​ ​Relay​ ​interface​ ​board.​ ​It​ ​can​ ​be​ ​used​ ​to​ ​control​ ​various

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appliances,​ ​and​ ​other​ ​equipments​ ​with​ ​large​ ​current.​ ​It​ ​can​ ​be​ ​controlled​ ​directly
with​ ​3.3V​ ​or​ ​5V​ ​logic​ ​signals​ ​from​ ​a​ ​microcontroller​ ​(Arduino,​ ​8051,​ ​AVR,​ ​PIC,​ ​DSP,
ARM,​ ​ARM,​ ​MSP430,​ ​TTL​ ​logic).
Block​ ​Diagram:

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Voice​ ​Recognition​ ​Concept
● The​ ​way​ ​of​ ​this​ ​concept​ ​function​ ​is​ ​when​ ​a​ ​user​ ​speaks​ ​out​ ​some​ ​command,
then​ ​the​ ​voice​ ​is​ ​captured​ ​through​ ​microphone​ ​as​ ​the​ ​input​ ​devices.
● Once​ ​the​ ​voice​ ​is​ ​captured,​ ​the​ ​usage​ ​of​ ​a​ ​decoding​ ​system​ ​that​ ​will​ ​convert​ ​the
analog​ ​(voice)​ ​to​ ​digital​ ​(binary​ ​signal).
● Later,​ ​the​ ​input​ ​voice​ ​is​ ​compared​ ​with​ ​the​ ​data​ ​stored​ ​in​ ​the​ ​memory​ ​early
before​ ​the​ ​testing.
● The​ ​output​ ​of​ ​the​ ​comparison​ ​is​ ​the​ ​voice​ ​matched​ ​with​ ​any​ ​of​ ​the​ ​command
trained​ ​and​ ​certain​ ​signal​ ​is​ ​produced​ ​as​ ​the​ ​input​ ​for​ ​the​ ​controlling​ ​system.
Working​ ​Procedure:
The​ ​home​ ​automation​ ​circuit​ ​is​ ​built​ ​around​ ​an​ ​Arduino​ ​Uno​ ​board,​ ​Bluetooth​ ​module
HC-05​ ​and​ ​a​ ​2-channel​ ​relay​ ​board.​ ​The​ ​number​ ​of​ ​channels​ ​depends​ ​on​ ​the​ ​number
of​ ​appliances​ ​you​ ​wish​ ​to​ ​control.​ ​Arduino​ ​Uno​ ​is​ ​powered​ ​with​ ​a​ ​12V​ ​DC
adaptor/power​ ​source.​ ​The​ ​relay​ ​module​ ​and​ ​Bluetooth​ ​module​ ​can​ ​be,​ ​in​ ​turn,

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powered​ ​using​ ​a​ ​board​ ​power​ ​supply​ ​of​ ​Arduino​ ​Uno.
In​ ​this​ ​home​ ​automation​ ​project​ ​circuit,​ ​Pins​ ​0​ ​and​ ​1​ ​of​ ​Arduino​ ​are​ ​connected​ ​to​ ​pins
TXD​ ​and​ ​RXD​ ​of​ ​the​ ​Bluetooth​ ​module,​ ​respectively.​ ​Pins​ ​Gnd​ ​and​ ​Vcc​ ​of​ ​the​ ​Bluetooth
module​ ​are​ ​connected​ ​to​ ​Gnd​ ​and​ ​+5V​ ​of​ ​Arduino​ ​board​ ​respectively.​ ​Pins​ ​2​ ​,3​ ​and​ ​5
are​ ​connected​ ​to​ ​the​ ​one​ ​relay​ ​(RL1)​ ​and​ ​two​ ​LED​ ​lights.​ ​Pins​ ​Vin​ ​and​ ​Gnd​ ​of​ ​the​ ​relay
board​ ​are​ ​connected​ ​to​ ​pins​ ​Vin​ ​and​ ​Gnd​ ​of​ ​Arduino​ ​board,​ ​respectively.

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Application​ ​and​ ​Advantages:
● Turning​ ​lights​ ​down​ ​/​ ​off​ ​at​ ​night.
● Operating​ ​outside​ ​lights
● Turning​ ​lights​ ​or​ ​radio​ ​on​ ​/​ ​off​ ​when​ ​someone​ ​approaches​ ​the​ ​house,
simulating​ ​occupancy
● Operating​ ​television,​ ​hot​ ​water​ ​heater,​ ​kettle,​ ​toaster​ ​etc.​ ​ready​ ​for​ ​your​ ​use.
● Optimizing​ ​use​ ​of​ ​low​ ​cost​ ​electricity.​ ​​ ​Working​ ​with​ ​intelligent​ ​electrical​ ​white
goods​ ​e.g.​ ​washing​ ​machine,​ ​fridge,​ ​microwave​ ​etc.
● Flexibility​ ​&​ ​Convenience
● Security
● Cost​ ​Saving​ ​and​ ​​ ​Remote​ ​Control
● The​ ​main​ ​advantage​ ​of​ ​​Home​ ​Automation​ ​through​ ​Android​ ​Mobile​​ ​is​ ​that​ ​the
Physically​ ​Challenged​ ​and​ ​Disabled​ ​People.
Results​ ​and​ ​Conclusion:
● The​ ​main​ ​aim​ ​of​ ​the​ ​project​ ​was​ ​to​ ​design​ ​a​ ​system​ ​in​ ​such​ ​a​ ​way​ ​that​ ​it​ ​can
yield​ ​maximum​ ​output​ ​with​ ​minimum​ ​complexity​ ​and​ ​this​ ​home​ ​automation
system​ ​successfully​ ​delivered​ ​it.
● There​ ​are​ ​some​ ​issue​ ​that​ ​arises​ ​when​ ​using​ ​this​ ​system.​ ​The​ ​problems​ ​are​ ​the
pronunciation​ ​of​ ​the​ ​user​ ​when​ ​doing​ ​the​ ​process.
● For​ ​the​ ​pronunciation​ ​matter,​ ​the​ ​system​ ​takes​ ​it​ ​at​ ​a​ ​quite​ ​high​ ​level​ ​of
sensitivity.
● So​ ​when​ ​the​ ​user​ ​wishes​ ​to​ ​use​ ​the​ ​system,​ ​thus​ ​he​ ​or​ ​she​ ​must​ ​produce​ ​the
word​ ​with​ ​the​ ​correct​ ​pronunciation​ ​as​ ​in​ ​the​ ​training​ ​process.

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CODE:
String​ ​voice;
int
led1​ ​=​ ​2,​ ​//Connect​ ​LED​ ​1​ ​To​ ​Pin​ ​#2
led2​ ​=​ ​3,​ ​//Connect​ ​LED​ ​2​ ​To​ ​Pin​ ​#3
led3​ ​=​ ​4,​ ​//Connect​ ​LED​ ​3​ ​To​ ​Pin​ ​#4
led4​ ​=​ ​5,​ ​//Connect​ ​LED​ ​4​ ​To​ ​Pin​ ​#5
led5​ ​=​ ​6;​ ​//Connect​ ​LED​ ​5​ ​To​ ​Pin​ ​#6
//--------------------------Call​ ​A​ ​Function-------------------------------//
void​ ​allon()​ ​{
​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led1,​ ​HIGH);
​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led2,​ ​HIGH);
​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led3,​ ​HIGH);
​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led4,​ ​LOW);
​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led5,​ ​HIGH);

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}
void​ ​alloff()​ ​{
​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led1,​ ​LOW);
​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led2,​ ​LOW);
​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led3,​ ​LOW);
​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led4,​ ​HIGH);
​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led5,​ ​LOW);
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------//
void​ ​setup()​ ​{
​ ​​ ​Serial.begin(9600);
​ ​​ ​pinMode(led1,​ ​OUTPUT);
​ ​​ ​pinMode(led2,​ ​OUTPUT);
​ ​​ ​pinMode(led3,​ ​OUTPUT);
​ ​​ ​pinMode(led4,​ ​OUTPUT);
​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led4,​ ​HIGH);

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​ ​​ ​pinMode(led5,​ ​OUTPUT);
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------//
void​ ​loop()​ ​{
​ ​​ ​int​ ​a​ ​=​ ​analogRead(0);
​ ​​ ​Serial.println(a);
​ ​​ ​if​ ​(a​ ​>​ ​10)
​ ​​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​//Serial.println("Saumya​ ​Rocks");
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​Serial.println("Alert");
​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​while​ ​(Serial.available())​ ​{​ ​//Check​ ​if​ ​there​ ​is​ ​an​ ​available​ ​byte​ ​to​ ​read
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​delay(10);​ ​//Delay​ ​added​ ​to​ ​make​ ​thing​ ​stable
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​char​ ​c​ ​=​ ​Serial.read();​ ​//Conduct​ ​a​ ​serial​ ​read
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​if​ ​(c​ ​==​ ​'#')​ ​{

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​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​break;​ ​//Exit​ ​the​ ​loop​ ​when​ ​the​ ​#​ ​is​ ​detected​ ​after​ ​the​ ​word
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​voice​ ​+=​ ​c;​ ​//Shorthand​ ​for​ ​voice​ ​=​ ​voice​ ​+​ ​c
​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​if​ ​(voice.length()​ ​>​ ​0)​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​Serial.println(voice);
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​//-----------------------------------------------------------------------//
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​//----------Control​ ​Multiple​ ​Pins/​ ​LEDs----------//
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*all​ ​on")​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​allon();​ ​//Turn​ ​Off​ ​All​ ​Pins​ ​(Call​ ​Function)
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​else​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*all​ ​off"​ ​||​ ​voice​ ​==​ ​"*all​ ​of")​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​alloff();​ ​//Turn​ ​On​ ​​ ​All​ ​Pins​ ​(Call​ ​Function)
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​//----------Turn​ ​On​ ​One-By-One----------//

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​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​else​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*TV​ ​on")​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led1,​ ​HIGH);
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​else​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*fan​ ​on")​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led2,​ ​HIGH);
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​else​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*computer​ ​on")​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led3,​ ​HIGH);
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​else​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*bedroom​ ​lights​ ​on"​ ​||voice​ ​==​ ​"*bedroom​ ​light​ ​on"​ ​)​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led4,​ ​LOW);
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​else​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*bathroom​ ​lights​ ​on")​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led5,​ ​HIGH);
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​//----------Turn​ ​Off​ ​One-By-One----------//

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​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​else​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*TV​ ​off"​ ​||​ ​voice​ ​==​ ​"*TV​ ​of")​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led1,​ ​LOW);
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​else​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*fan​ ​off"​ ​||​ ​voice​ ​==​ ​"*fan​ ​of")​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led2,​ ​LOW);
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​else​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*computer​ ​off"​ ​||​ ​voice​ ​==​ ​"*computer​ ​of")​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led3,​ ​LOW);
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​else​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*bedroom​ ​lights​ ​off"​ ​||​ ​voice​ ​==​ ​"*bedroom​ ​lights​ ​of"​ ​||voice​ ​==
"*bedroom​ ​light​ ​off"​ ​||​ ​voice​ ​==​ ​"*bedroom​ ​light​ ​of"​ ​)​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led4,​ ​HIGH);
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​else​ ​if​ ​(voice​ ​==​ ​"*bathroom​ ​lights​ ​off"​ ​||​ ​voice​ ​==​ ​"*bathroom​ ​lights​ ​of")​ ​{
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​digitalWrite(led5,​ ​LOW);
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​}

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​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​//-----------------------------------------------------------------------//
​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​voice​ ​=​ ​"";
​ ​​ ​}
}​ ​//Reset​ ​the​ ​variable​ ​after​ ​initiating