Class PPT

1.  Analyze the excerpt from Washington’s farewell address on
your note sheet.
 Answer the following two questions:
 How does Washington feel about political parties and factions?
(underline and label in the text)
 How does Washington feel about alliances with foreign countries?
(underline and label in the text)
BELL RINGER

2. Essential Question:
What problems
faced the nation
during the Adams’
presidency?
Tennessee
Standard: 8.37
TROUBLED TIMES FOR
JOHN ADAMS

3. This was the first
election dominated by
political parties
The President
(Adams) and Vice
President (Thomas
Jefferson) were of two
different political
parties
Adams was a
Federalist, Jefferson
was a Democratic-
Republican
ADAMS IS ELECTED

4.  France was unhappy
about Jay’s Treaty
 France began seizing
American ships
 Americans were upset
that the French were
interfering with trade
and politics
 To avoid war, Adams
sent a three person
peace commission to
Paris- John Marshall,
Charles C. Pinckney,
and Elbridge Gerry
PROBLEMS W/ FRANCE

5.  Meetings with the French did not go
as planned
 French foreign minister, Charles
Talleyrand, sent three agents to
meet with Americans
 These three agents demanded a
bribe of $250,000 and a loan of
$10,000,000 to be paid to
Talleyrand in order to negotiate
 Americans were enraged and
refused the bribes
 This was called the “XYZ Affair”-
the agents were known only as X, Y,
and Z.
 Americans were enraged even more
 Congress built up the strength of
the army and navy and American
ships waged an undeclared war on
France.
XYZ AFFAIR

6.  Why was France upset with America?
 How did France respond?
 How did Adams’ try to make peace with France?
 How did France respond to America’s attempts at making
peace?
CHECKPOINT

7.  Adams was seriously
considering asking Congress
to declare war on France
 Adams blamed France and
Americans who supported
France (Jefferson and the
Democratic-Republicans)
 Adams decided to wait on
asking Congress to declare
war
 Eventually, France’s new
leader, Napoleon Bonaparte
decided that he did not want
America as an enemy
 America and France signed a
peace treaty at the
Convention of 1800
WINNING THE PEACE

8. Federalists did not
like the idea that
Adams had signed a
peace treaty with
France
Alexander Hamilton
himself wanted to
lead the army against
the French
This divided the
Federalists and lost
Adams the support of
his own political party
LOSING FEDERALIST SUPPORT

9.  Why were Federalists upset with Adams?
CHECKPOINT

10.  Federalist-controlled
Congress began
passing controversial
laws
 These laws were aimed
at stopping the growth
of the Democratic-
Republican party
 Three of these acts
were aimed at
protecting the country
from aliens (foreigners
living in the U.S.)
ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS

11.  Naturalization Act- increased
the amount of time to become
a U.S. citizen from 5 to 14
years.
 Alien Act- Gave the president
the power to deport any
foreigner
 Alien Enemies Act- Allowed
the government to arrest and
deport all aliens who were
citizens of enemy nations
 Sedition Act- Made it a crime
to speak or write critically
about the President, members
of Congress, the federal
government, or federal laws
ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS

12. Under the Sedition
Act, 25 Democratic-
Republican
newspaper editors
and others were
arrested and 10 were
convicted
No aliens were ever
deported
This brought a quick
and angry response
from Jefferson and
the Democratic-
Republicans
ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS

13.  Which law allowed the deportation of any foreigner?
 Which law criminalized criticism of the government?
CHECKPOINT

14. Madison (who had
switched parties)
and Jefferson saw
this as an attack on
the First
Amendment
To combat this, they
wrote two
statements: The
Virginia Resolution
and the Kentucky
Resolution
MADISON AND JEFFERSON RESPOND

15.  Claimed that the Alien and
Sedition Acts violated the
Constitution
 People in each state had the
right to nullify, or cancel, a
federal law within that state
 It was up to the state to
determine whether or not to
obey these laws (states’ rights
theory)
 Federalists believed that only
the Supreme Court could
declare a law unconstitutional
 No other state passed
resolutions
 Brought the issue of states’
rights to the forefront
KENTUCKY AND VIRGINIA RESOLUTIONS

16.  What issue was brought to the forefront because of the
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions?
CHECKPOINT

17. The Sedition Act
made Adams and the
Federalists look
tyrannical
Adams’ stance on
making peace with
France caused a split
in the Federalist Party
Democratic-
Republicans were
gaining power
FEDERALISTS LOSE POWER