The pre civil war south guided notes
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The document summarizes life in the pre-Civil War South. It discusses the expansion of cotton plantation agriculture throughout the Deep South, fueled by the growth of slavery and the invention of the cotton gin. This led to a booming domestic slave trade and an economy dependent on cotton exports. The majority of whites owned small farms, while a minority of large plantation owners controlled much of the wealth and politics through slave ownership. Enslaved African Americans faced brutal conditions under slave codes but maintained their own family structures, religions, and cultural traditions in the face of oppression.
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The pre civil war south guided notes
- 1. The Pre-Civil War South Guided Notes TN 8.51, 8.52, 8.71, 8.72 Bell Ringer: ___________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Essential Question: _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Expansion to the Deep South 1. What states make up the Deep South? _______________________________________________________________________ 2. Contrast the difference between agriculture in the Upper South and the Deep South. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________
- 2. _______________________________________________________________________ Cotton is King 3. Explain how Europe influenced an increase in cotton production in the Deep South. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 4. Describe why plantation owners felt the need to use slave labor for cotton farming. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Eli Whitney and the Cotton Gin 5. What was the purpose of the cotton gin? _______________________________________________________________________ 6. What effect did the cotton gin have on the number of slaves in the South? _______________________________________________________________________ 7. Why did it have this effect?
- 3. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ The Domestic Slave Trade 8. Describe the domestic slave trade. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Industry in the South 9. List some reasons why industry never really caught on in the South. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________
- 4. _______________________________________________________________________ 10. What type of industry became successful in South Carolina and Georgia? _______________________________________________________________________ 11. What type of industry became successful in Alabama? _______________________________________________________________________ Southern Transportation 12. How were goods transported in the South? _______________________________________________________________________ 13. Why were towns located along natural waterways? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 14. What effect did the lack of railroads have on the South? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________
- 5. Memphis: The Cotton Capital of the South 15. Why was Memphis considered the “cotton capital of the South?” _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 16. Why did farmers send their cotton to Memphis? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Small Farmers and the Rural Poor 17. Most whites in the South were _____________________________________ farmers who owned small farms. 18. Explain the difference between small farming and plantation farming. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________
- 6. 19. Some whites were ________________________________________ farmers who worked on rented land. 20. Describe the rural poor of the South. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Plantation Owners 21. How did plantation owners measure wealth? _______________________________________________________________________ 22. What percentage of slave-owners owned 20 or more slaves in 1860? _______________________________________________________________________ 23. Why could changes in cotton prices result in the difference between a successful or unsuccessful year?
- 7. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 24. Some slaves did household chores, while others were _______________________________________________________________________ 25. Who was in charge of the day-to-day supervision of slave labor? _______________________________________________________________________ African-American Family Life 26. Why did slaves have their own marriage ceremonies? _______________________________________________________________________ 27. Why were extended family members important for enslaved African- Americans? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________
- 8. African-American Culture 28. Even though most slaves had been born in the U.S. (by 1860), they still tried to preserve _______________________________________________________________________ 29. What connection did African-American music have to slave labor? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ African-American Religion 30. Which two religions were followed by most slaves? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 31. How did slaves express religious beliefs and emotions? _______________________________________________________________________ Slave Codes 32. What were slave codes?
- 9. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 33. What were some examples of slave codes? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Fighting Back 34. What happened during Nat Turner’s Rebellion? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 35. Why were slave revolts rare? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________
- 10. 36. How did slaves resist without rebelling? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Southern Cities 37. Where did major cities develop in the South? _______________________________________________________________________ 38. Who made their home in these cities? _______________________________________________________________________ 39. How did Southerners feel about education? _______________________________________________________________________