1. John Adams was the second President of the United States, serving from 1796 to 1800. 2. His presidency saw the emergence of the first political parties - the Federalists led by Hamilton and the Democratic-Republicans led by Jefferson - who disagreed on how strong the federal government should be. 3. In response to tensions with France, Adams signed the controversial Alien and Sedition Acts to limit immigration and criticism of the government, damaging his popularity and ensuring he became a one-term president.

1. WarmupWarmup
What was one difference
between Alexander Hamilton
and Thomas Jefferson?
“One difference between
Alexander Hamilton and Thomas
Jefferson was…”

2. Table of ContentsTable of Contents
1. Presidency of George
Washington
2. Hamilton vs. Jefferson
3. Presidency of John Adams

3. Adams NotesAdams Notes
Go to slideshare.com
Search Fulghum Adams ppt
Complete the Cornell Notes on
John Adams

4. George Washington ReviewGeorge Washington Review
-Washington was our first president ($1)
-HisVice President was John Adams
-Washington was inaugurated (sworn in) in NewYork
City…the first capital of the United States
-Washington was against political parties and believed
in remaining neutral

5. John Adams
1796-1800
After two terms, George Washington left
office. In his farewell address he warned:
“Let me now…warn you…against the [harmful] effects
of the spirit of party…This spirit, unfortunately…exists
in different shapes in all governments…but in those of
the popular form, it is seen in its greatest rankness and
is truly their worst enemy”

6. Nevertheless, as Washington’s second
term came to an end, two political parties
emerged as two of Washington’s Cabinet
members disagreed about the direction
the new nation should take.
Jefferson Hamilton
Limit the
power of the
federal
government!
The national
government
should be
strong!

7. FEDERALISTS
Strong national government
Fear of mob rule
Favored a national bank
Economy based on
manufacturing and shipping
Supporters were lawyers,
merchants, and
manufacturers
The First Political Parties
DEMOCRATIC-REBPULICANS
Limited national government
Fear of rule by one person or
a powerful few
Opposed national bank
Economy based on farming
Supporter were farmers,
trades people

8. In 1796, the U.S. held its first elections in
which political parties competed.
The Federalists picked John Adams as their
candidate for president.
The Democratic-Republicans chose Thomas
Jefferson as their candidate.

9. Adams received 71 of the electoral
votes and Jefferson received 68 of the
votes.
The Constitution said that the runner-
up should become vice-president,
therefore, the country had a Federalist
president and a Democratic-Republican
vice-president.

10. Abigail Adams was a
loyal supporter of her
husband. They often
wrote letters to each
other while he was a
member of the
Continental Congress
during the Revolution.
She was a proponent of
women’s rights and the
abolishment of slavery.
… “I desire that you would
Remember the Ladies, and
be more generous and
favorable to them than your
ancestors”

11. Washington D.C. (on the border of
Maryland and Virginia) was chosen as the
nation’s new capital. It was part of a deal
with the northern states that the capital
would be located in the south.
John Adams was the first president to
live in what we now call “The White
House”.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B0PE_kC-3EY

12. Earliest known photo
of the Executive Mansion
in 1846. It became
officially known as the
“White House” in 1901.
This was the design
selected for the
president’s mansion.

13. External (foreign) Issues
France and Britain were at war and France
looted (stole from) American ships to keep
them from trading with Britain.
Some Federalists wanted Adams to declare
war on France, but Adams wanted to talk to
the French to restore calm.
He sent three diplomats to France to talk to
the French minister of foreign affairs.
Three French agents said the minister would
meet with them if they paid him a bribe. The
Americans refused, and this incident became
known as the “XYZ Affair”.

14. This cartoon portrays France as a monster
demanding a bribe from American officials
who say, “Cease bawling, monster! We will
not give you sixpence!”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afB5NJmER5M

15. The conflict with France made Adams
and the Federalists popular with the
public. Many Democratic-Republicans,
however, were sympathetic to France
and criticized Adams.
Adams was angered about the
criticism he was receiving and blamed
the Democratic-Republican newspapers
and new immigrants who were French
sympathizers.
To silence their critics, the Federalist
Congress passed the Alien and Sedition
Acts in 1798.
Internal (national) Issues

16. Alien and Sedition Acts
Aliens (non-citizens)
Sedition (encouraging rebellion)
- Immigrants would
have to wait longer to
become citizens
-Troublemakers would
be deported
-Speaking against the
govt. would be a crime

17. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqAt8A0W204
Because of his actions, John Adams
failed to win re-election in 1800. He
was the first one-term president.