Jet dyeing machines dye polyester fabrics using disperse dyes in a continuous loop system similar to winch dyeing. The jet dyeing machine eliminates the reel and uses a closed tubular system where fabric is transported through the tube by a jet of dye liquor supplied through a venturi. This creates turbulence to help dye penetration while preventing fabric contact with tube walls. Little dye bath is needed in the bottom of the vessel due to the fabric's exposure to higher dye concentrations within the transport tube.

1. JET DYEING MACHINE

2. Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshir
ID: 2010000400008
13th Batch (session 2009-2013)
Department : Wet Processing Technology
Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.com
Blog : www. Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit)
Southeast University
Department Of Textile Engineering
I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh
Prepared By :
©right

3. Jet dye machine is the most modern machine used for
dyeing of polyester using disperse dye.
It is similar to winch dyeing and fabric is processed in
continuous loop.
The technique is especially useful for delicate
polyester fabrics but depending on the machine
almost any weight, structure, or fabric type can be
used.
INTRODUCTION

4. It was found that in using Winch machines, there
were some inherent problems. So the Jet dyeing
machines when they came up in the 1970's, were
specifically designed to overcome those
shortcomings.
In this machine the dye tank contains disperse
dye, dispersing agent, leveling agent and acetic
acid. Fabric may be jet dyed by placing it in a
heated tube or column where jets of dye solution
are forced through it at pressure up to 300
pounds per jet.

5. Piece Jet Dyeing
1. Dyeing is done in a closed, tube-like system in which the fabric
passes through a fast moving stream of pressurized dye liquor.
2. It is primarily used for fabrics prone to felting.

6. 1. It was found that in using Winch machines, there were some inherent
problems. So the Jet dyeing machines when they came up in the 1970's,
were specifically designed to overcome those shortcomings.
2. In the Jet dyeing machine the reel is completely eliminated. A closed
tubular system exists where the fabric is placed.
3. For transporting the fabric through the tube a jet of dye liquor is supplied
through a venturi. The Jet creates turbulence. This helps in dye
penetration along with preventing the fabric from touching the walls of the
tube.
4. As the fabric is often exposed to comparatively higher concentrations of
liquor within the transport tube, so little dye bath is needed in the bottom of
the vessel.
5. This is just enough for the smooth movement from rear to front.
6. Aqueous jet dyeing machines generally employs a driven winch reel along
with a jet nozzle.
Jet Dyeing Machine

7. 1. Hank Dyeing Machine
2. Package Dyeing Machine
3. Beam Dyeing Machine
4. Jet Dyeing Machine
5. Jig Dyeing Machine
6. Paddle Dyeing Machine
7. Winch Dyeing Machine
8. Sample Dyeing Machine

8. In the Jet dyeing machine the reel is completely eliminated. A
closed tubular system exists where the fabric is placed. For
transporting the fabric through the tube a jet of dye liquor is
supplied through a venturi. The Jet creates turbulence. This
helps in dye penetration along with preventing the fabric from
touching the walls of the tube. As the fabric is often exposed to
comparatively higher concentrations of liquor within the
transport tube, so little dye bath is needed in the bottom of the
vessel. This is just enough for the smooth movement from rear
to front. Aqueous jet dyeing machines generally employs a
driven winch reel along with a jet nozzle.
DYEING PROCESS

9. • The solution is filled in the dye tank and it reaches the
heat exchanger where solution can be heated which then
pass onto the centrifugal pump and then to the filter
chamber.
• The solution will be filtered and reaches the tubular
chamber. Here the material to dye will be loaded and the
winch is rotated so that the material is also rotated.
• Again the dye liquor reaches the heat exchanger and
operation is repeated for 20-30 minute at 135°C.
• Then dye bath is cooled down, after material is taken out.
MACHINERY PROCESS

10. • This machine can be operated at high temperature
and pressure .
• This system operate at low liquor ratio (ratio of mass
of dye bath to mass of fabric in dyeing machine) so,
this operation consume less water and chemical.
• Frequent movement of fabric round the jet through
the machine reduces the tendency of crease
formations.
SPECIAL FEATURES AND APPLICATION

12. LIQUOR CIRCULATION PATH- MOTOR , VALVE ,HE, RESERVE
TANK
Main Pump
Heat Exchanger
Lint Filter
Doing Tank
Pneumatic
Valve
Unload Motor
Drain Line
Water Label
Nozzle AirFlow
Dosing Pump
Dye Bath Chamber

13. • After incest fating the dyeing results under different conditions such
as development of new fiber blends, different construction fabrics,
interaction position of jet, quantity of the dye liquor to be present
in around the fabric and the type of impact of the dye liquor on the
fabric in the jet area.
Some Jet dye machines are as follows:
• Overflow Dyeing Machine
• Soft-flow Dyeing Machine
• Airflow Dyeing Machine
TYPES OF JET DYEING MACHINE

14. Types of Jet dyeing m/c

15. • Dyeing time is short compare to beam dyeing
• Production is high compare to beam dyeing machine.
• Low consumption of water.
• Short dyeing time.
• Can be easily operated at high temperatures and
pressure.
• Comparatively low liquor ratios, typically ranges
between 1:4 and 1:20.
• Fabrics are handled carefully and gently.
ADVANTAGES OF JET DYEING MACHINE

16. • Cloth is dyed in rope form so there is a risk of
entanglement and chance for crease formation.
• Equipment and maintenance costs are high,
foaming can be a problem, and some fabric may
be abraded in the process.
• Chance for crease formation.
DISADVANTAGES OF JET DYEING MACHINE

17. • High initial investment and maintenance cost.
• Limited accessibility during the dyeing process.
• Foam forming substance is to be avoided.
• Any roughness of the inside surface cause damage to
cloth.
• In case cloth breakage, re-threading is complicated.
LIMITATIONS OF JET DYEING MACHINE

18. 1. Main Vessel or Chamber
2. Winch roller or Reel
3. Heat Exchanger
4. Nozzle
5. Reserve Tank
6. Chemical dosing tank
7. Utility lines i.e. water line, drain line, steam inlet etc.
8. Controlling unit or Processor
9. Fabric Plaiter
10. Different types of motors & Valves
Main Pump

21. Mechanism Of
a Nozzle
Dye Liquor Entry path
Knit Fabrics

23. Overflow Dyeing Machine

24. Storage tank
Main Pump
Dosing tank
fabric
Heat
Exchangers

30. Jet dyeing machine Horizontal

32. Technical Parameters :
ITEMS SME-150B
Form of the machine Horizontal tubular jet overflow single
pipe
Liquor Ratio 1:5---1:8
Max Fabric Capacity
(kg )
100-150
Max Working
Temperature
14 0
Max Working Pressure
(Mpa )
0.40Mpa
Fabric Speed (m/min) 60-300
Heating Exchanging Area ( ) 5
Main Pump Power
(KW )
14.7

33. Autoclave: In horizontal and conical construction equipped with a port and cover for
the fabric loading in the front. The group and polished reel and separator are located
inside the autoclave is pressurised by compressed air. Pressure guage and necessary
safety values are provided.
Main dia of the autoclave : 600 mm
straight part of the autoclave : 7000 mm
Flow Tubes: Flow tubes are made of stainless steel and are highly polished and
connected to the autoclave. Necessary flow control valves and by pass valves for the
fine adjustments of flow quantity are provided.
Main liquor circulation pump: For the liquor circulation and fabric movements and
efficient centrifugal pump made of stainless steel is provided. The pump is driven by
directly coupled to fully enclose two pole induction motor of 20 H.P.
H.T.H.P. RAPID JET DYEING MACHINE - Consist of:

34. Heat Exchanger: Heat exchanger is made from stainless steel. The heat exchanger is
of shell and tube type construction and is entirely mode of stainless. The heat
exchanger is suitable for raising temperature of the dye liquor from 30'C to 130'C at
a steam pressure of 4.0 Kgs./cm2. The heat exchanger is suitable for cooling down
the dye liquor from 1.3'C to 8O'C.
Reserve Tank: One reserve tank made of stainless steel is provided outside the high
pressure circuits for the preparation to dyestuff and chemicals.
Miscellaneous :
•One filter for the heat exchanger.
•One lamp is provided on the top of the autoclave for efficiently illuminating
the inside of the autoclave.
Draw Reel: One draw reel with necessary drive is provided on the front top of
the autoclave near the cover suitable for loading and unloading of the
autoclave.
H.T.H.P. RAPID JET DYEING MACHINE - Consist of:

35. Control panel:
The following controls are provided.
Temperature indicator and automatic temperature controlling instruments.
On/of swatches for the operation of pumps and other control.
Indicating lamps etc.
Pneumatic circuits controls.
Nozzle: One No. Jet Nozzle will be supplied with the machine.
Scope of supply :
One autoclave complete with all the internal pipelines. valves, foundation
block and other such parts necessary for normal operation.
One control panel as above.
One draw reel as above.
H.T.H.P. RAPID JET DYEING MACHINE - Consist of:

36. TYPE : JET

37. eco88_start

38. HI TECH TURBO JET DYEING MACHINE

42. Soft-flow Dyeing Machine

43. Soft Flow Dyeing Machine, which ensures even dyeing with low tension and
accurate rinsing system.
Fabricated as per international quality norms, this device is widely appreciated
for hosts of outstanding features like trouble free service life, optimum
functionality and energy efficiency.
Soft Flow Dyeing Machine

45. Heat Exchanger
Storage Tank
Control Panel
Main Pump
Dosing Pump
Steam valve Nozzle

46. Dosing Pump
PT TANK
Bath
Main Pump
Heat Exchanger
Drain
Dosing Line
Nozzle
Steam valve

47. Jet Dyeing m/c (inside view)

48. Jet Nozzle

49. Air-flow Dyeing Machine

50. This is another development of the very popular jet dyeing machines. The
main difference between the Air Flow Machine and Jet Dyeing machine is
that the airflow machine utilizes an air jet instead of the water jet for
keeping the fabric in circulation. Typically the fabric is allowed to pass into
the storage area that has a very small amount of free liquor. This results in
a reduction in consumption of water, energy and chemicals. The figure
below shows how in an Airflow Machine the bath level is always under the
level of the processed textile. Here the fabric does not remain in touch
with the liquor (the bath used is below the basket that holds the fabric in
circulation). This invariably means that the bath conditions can be altered
without having any impact on the process phase of the substrate.
Airflow Dyeing Machine

51. Discontinuous processing of textile substrates require more water and energy
compared to continuous processes. However, for a long time efforts are undertaken
to optimise discontinuous processes with respect to productivity, efficiency and also
to minimise energy and water consumption respectively. This lead to dyeing jets.
Thereby liquor ratios have been reduced step by step. The latest developments have
LR of 1:3 (for woven PES fabric) and 1:4.5 (for woven CO fabric). To achieve such low
LR, within the machine (jet), the fabric is moved by moisturised air or a mixture of
steam and air only (no liquid) along with a winch. The prepared solutions of
dyestuffs, auxiliaries and basic chemicals are injected into the gas stream. The bath
level is always below the level of processed textiles in order to maintain low LR. The
principle of such an airflow dyeing machine is illustrated. Rinsing is carried in a
continuous manner. During the whole rinsing process, the bottom valve is open and
rinsing water is discharged without additional contact with the fabric (which is
the case in conventional machines) This also allows the discharge of hot bath liquors,
also after high-temperature dyeing at 130°C. Thus, in addition to time saving,
optimum heat recovery can be performed. The fabric itself is processed with low
tension and crease formation is minimised.
Description

52. XDWG 225, 450, 675, 900, 1350

55. Fig. 3: THEN-AIRFLOW® SYNERGY G2.

56. Overflow Jet Dyeing
Machine
Soft flow Jet Dyeing Machine Winch Dyeing Machine

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