PRESENTATION

1. Yarn Dyeing Machine (Hank Dyeing Machine)
By: Asaye Dessie

2.  Dyeing is a process of coloring textile materials for
giving attractive look.
 Dyeing is a process by which a fiber, yarn, fabric,
garments and any other materials that come to contact of
dye by presence of auxiliaries.
 Dyeing operation is done by different types of dyeing
machine.
 The machine which is used to dyeing or coloring of
materials like fiber, yarn, fabric, garments or any other
materials is called dyeing machine.
 Dyeing machines come in all shapes and sizes to
accommodate the various forms and quantities of textile
materials.
Introduction
 Dyeing is a process of coloring textile materials for
giving attractive look.
 Dyeing is a process by which a fiber, yarn, fabric,
garments and any other materials that come to contact of
dye by presence of auxiliaries.
 Dyeing operation is done by different types of dyeing
machine.
 The machine which is used to dyeing or coloring of
materials like fiber, yarn, fabric, garments or any other
materials is called dyeing machine.
 Dyeing machines come in all shapes and sizes to
accommodate the various forms and quantities of textile
materials.
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3.  Dye house machinery represents a large capital
investment.
 The important factors influencing the success of a
dyehouse are the correct choice of equipment, and its
effective use and maintenance .
 Modern machines often have programmable
microprocessors for automatic control of the process
variables, particularly the dyeing temperature.
Types of dyeing machine according to textile material:
A. Fiber dyeing machine
B. Yarn dyeing machine
C. Fabric dyeing machine
Conti…
 Dye house machinery represents a large capital
investment.
 The important factors influencing the success of a
dyehouse are the correct choice of equipment, and its
effective use and maintenance .
 Modern machines often have programmable
microprocessors for automatic control of the process
variables, particularly the dyeing temperature.
Types of dyeing machine according to textile material:
A. Fiber dyeing machine
B. Yarn dyeing machine
C. Fabric dyeing machine
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4. Hank dyeing machineHank dyeing machine
 Yarn dyeing machine are: Hank and Package dyeing
machines.
 Its the dyeing of the yarns before they have been woven or
knitted into fabrics.
 Its used to create interesting checks, stripes and plaids
with different-colored yarns in the weaving process.
 In yarn dyeing, dyestuff penetrates the fibers in the core of
the yarn.
 Package dyeing route is much simple and easy to follow for
dyeing of different kinds of yarn.
 Yarn dyeing machine are: Hank and Package dyeing
machines.
 Its the dyeing of the yarns before they have been woven or
knitted into fabrics.
 Its used to create interesting checks, stripes and plaids
with different-colored yarns in the weaving process.
 In yarn dyeing, dyestuff penetrates the fibers in the core of
the yarn.
 Package dyeing route is much simple and easy to follow for
dyeing of different kinds of yarn.
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5. But, still the hank route is popular for certain qualities,
there are two reasons for this,
I. The quality and nature of the product does not allow to
follow package route.
II. The package route is non-practical and non-economical.
i. Singeing(for mercerized cotton yarns)
ii. Reeling
iii. Mercerization (for mercerized cotton yarns)
iv. Dyeing
v. Hydro extraction or squeezing
vi. Drying
vii. Hank to cone winding
i. Singeing(for mercerized cotton yarns)
ii. Reeling
iii. Mercerization (for mercerized cotton yarns)
iv. Dyeing
v. Hydro extraction or squeezing
vi. Drying
vii. Hank to cone winding
Process sequence for yarn dyeing in hank form
i. Singeing(for mercerized cotton yarns)
ii. Reeling
iii. Mercerization (for mercerized cotton yarns)
iv. Dyeing
v. Hydro extraction or squeezing
vi. Drying
vii. Hank to cone winding
i. Singeing(for mercerized cotton yarns)
ii. Reeling
iii. Mercerization (for mercerized cotton yarns)
iv. Dyeing
v. Hydro extraction or squeezing
vi. Drying
vii. Hank to cone winding
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6. The skeins of yarn usually hang from poles fitted
into a frame that can be lowered into the dye bath.
Rods inserted at the bottom of the frame keep the
skeins fully extended.
A spare frame allows preparation of one load while
another is in the dyeing machine.
The frame has a perforated top and bottom.
The dye liquor gently circulates either down
through the hanks, or in the reverse direction if the
machine is completely filled.
Conti..
The skeins of yarn usually hang from poles fitted
into a frame that can be lowered into the dye bath.
Rods inserted at the bottom of the frame keep the
skeins fully extended.
A spare frame allows preparation of one load while
another is in the dyeing machine.
The frame has a perforated top and bottom.
The dye liquor gently circulates either down
through the hanks, or in the reverse direction if the
machine is completely filled.
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7. The steam and cooling pipes are at the bottom of this
compartment, dyes and chemicals are also added here.
This type of dyeing machine is frequently referred to as
a Hussong machine.
For level dyeing, equal exposure of all the yarn in the
skeins to the circulating dye liquor requires even
packing of the skeins.
Upward circulation of the liquor in the machine lifts the
yarns in contact with the upper poles, otherwise these
will dye paler because of poor contact with the
liquor.
Conti…
The steam and cooling pipes are at the bottom of this
compartment, dyes and chemicals are also added here.
This type of dyeing machine is frequently referred to as
a Hussong machine.
For level dyeing, equal exposure of all the yarn in the
skeins to the circulating dye liquor requires even
packing of the skeins.
Upward circulation of the liquor in the machine lifts the
yarns in contact with the upper poles, otherwise these
will dye paler because of poor contact with the
liquor.
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8. Conti…
Figure: Schematic diagram of a Hussong type hank dying machine
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9. Conti…
The liquor ratio is usually ranges from 24:1 to 30:1.
High liquor ratios requires:
 Greater amounts of dyeing assistants and
Consume more steam than in package dyeing
machines.
The rates of heating and liquor circulation are low.
Hussong machine is less productive and less
economic than dyeing yarn wound into bobbins, it is
widely used for dyeing skeins of wool and acrylic
yarn.
The liquor ratio is usually ranges from 24:1 to 30:1.
High liquor ratios requires:
 Greater amounts of dyeing assistants and
Consume more steam than in package dyeing
machines.
The rates of heating and liquor circulation are low.
Hussong machine is less productive and less
economic than dyeing yarn wound into bobbins, it is
widely used for dyeing skeins of wool and acrylic
yarn.
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10. Conti…
The Hussong machine preserves the yarn bulk and
handle.
Acrylic yarns, in particular, may shrink in the hot
dyebath, opening channels within the packed skeins.
The machine usually be over-packed so that after
shrinkage has occurred the yarns just fill the machine
with even circulation.
When shrinkage of high bulk acrylic yarns is likely,
any bottom poles are initially placed several
centimeters above the bottom of the extended skeins.
The problem of Hussong machine is:
The Hussong machine preserves the yarn bulk and
handle.
Acrylic yarns, in particular, may shrink in the hot
dyebath, opening channels within the packed skeins.
The machine usually be over-packed so that after
shrinkage has occurred the yarns just fill the machine
with even circulation.
When shrinkage of high bulk acrylic yarns is likely,
any bottom poles are initially placed several
centimeters above the bottom of the extended skeins.
The problem of Hussong machine is:
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11. Conti..
Contact between the solution and the yarns touching
the upper poles can be avoided by pulsating the
liquor flow.
The dye liquor circulates through upward-pointing
holes in the poles holding the skeins which causes
unlevel dyeing with dyes that do not migrate readily.
A major reason for the decline of hank dyeing is the
problem of unwinding.
After dyeing, the wet hanks are centrifuged, hung
on poles or hooks, and passed through a hot air
oven.
They must then be mounted on a rotating frame to
unwind the yarn.
Contact between the solution and the yarns touching
the upper poles can be avoided by pulsating the
liquor flow.
The dye liquor circulates through upward-pointing
holes in the poles holding the skeins which causes
unlevel dyeing with dyes that do not migrate readily.
A major reason for the decline of hank dyeing is the
problem of unwinding.
After dyeing, the wet hanks are centrifuged, hung
on poles or hooks, and passed through a hot air
oven.
They must then be mounted on a rotating frame to
unwind the yarn.
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12. THANK YOU!!!THANK YOU!!!
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