Maintenance is important to maximize the useful life of textile machinery. It includes both preventive and breakdown maintenance. Preventive maintenance involves routine inspection and maintenance to prevent production issues, while breakdown maintenance repairs equipment after an issue occurs. Proper maintenance is needed to keep machinery running continuously at maximum production levels and minimize downtime. Regular maintenance includes checking utilities, mechanical and electrical parts, and following schedules for routine maintenance on a daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and yearly basis. The right tools are also needed to properly maintain machinery.
The term finishing, in a broad sense it covers all the processes of making the fabric good looking, good hand feeling, luster and of course for buyer requirement. It is done after dying and before delivery to market. Various types of parameters are controlled during finishing section considering buyer requirement. The term also includes bleaching, dyeing, mercerizing etc. But normally the term is restricted to the final stage in the sequence of treatment of Knit fabrics after bleaching and dyeing. However, fabrics which are neither bleached nor dyed are also finished.
Special Instruction:
Fabric shrinkage must keep within ±5%
Color fastness should be 4-5 range
Pilling range 3 to 5
pH range 5.5 to 7
Fabric weight will be allowed ±02%
Fabric quality should be s per approved swatches & Lab-Dips.
Batch to batch color matching should be 4-5
Batch to batch “Shade Band Swatch” must be submitted for approval.
The term finishing, in a broad sense it covers all the processes of making the fabric good looking, good hand feeling, luster and of course for buyer requirement. It is done after dying and before delivery to market. Various types of parameters are controlled during finishing section considering buyer requirement. The term also includes bleaching, dyeing, mercerizing etc. But normally the term is restricted to the final stage in the sequence of treatment of Knit fabrics after bleaching and dyeing. However, fabrics which are neither bleached nor dyed are also finished.
Special Instruction:
Fabric shrinkage must keep within ±5%
Color fastness should be 4-5 range
Pilling range 3 to 5
pH range 5.5 to 7
Fabric weight will be allowed ±02%
Fabric quality should be s per approved swatches & Lab-Dips.
Batch to batch color matching should be 4-5
Batch to batch “Shade Band Swatch” must be submitted for approval.
Lab dip is a process by which buyers supplied swatch is matched with the varying dyes percentage in the laboratory with or without help of “DATA COLOR”
Lab dip plays an important role in shade matching & and detaching the characteristics of the dyes and chemicals are to be used in the large scale of production. So this is an important task before bulk production.
Lab dip is a process by which buyers supplied swatch is matched with the varying dyes percentage in the laboratory with or without help of “DATA COLOR”
Lab dip plays an important role in shade matching & and detaching the characteristics of the dyes and chemicals are to be used in the large scale of production. So this is an important task before bulk production.
A machine or apparatus for stretching or stentering fabrics. The purpose of the Stenter machine is to bringing the length and width to pre determine dimensions and also for heat setting and it is used for applying finishing chemicals and also shade variation is adjusted. The main function of the Stenter is to stretch the fabric widthwise and to recover the uniform width.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
2. Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshir
ID: 2010000400008
13th
Batch (session 2009-2013)
Department : Wet Processing Technology
Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.com
Blog : www. Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit)
Southeast University
Department Of Textile Engineering
I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh
Prepared By :
3. Actions necessary for retaining or restoring a piece of equipment, machine, or system
to the specified operable condition to achieve its maximum useful life. Maintenance is
a set of organized activities that are carried out in order to keep an its in its best
operational condition with minimum cost required.
Maintenance:
Machine, buildings and other facilities are subjected to deterioration due to their use
and exposure to environmental condition. Process of deterioration, if unchecked,
culminates in rendering these service facilities unserviceable and brings them to a
standstill. In Industry, therefore has no choice but to attend them from time to time to
repair and recondition them so as to elongate their life to the extent it is economically
and physically possible to do so.
5. Activities of maintenance function could be either repair or replacement activities,
which are necessary for an item to reach its acceptable productivity condition and
these activities should be carried out with a minimum possible cost.
6. 1.To keep the factory plants, equipments, machine tools in an optimum working
condition.
2.To ensure specified accuracy to product and time schedule of delivery to
customer.
3.To keep the downtime of machines to the minimum thus to have control over
the production program.
4.To keep the production cycle within the stipulated range.
5.To modify the machine tools to meet the need for production
Objectives of Maintenance:
8. Preventive Maintenance:
Preventive maintenance is a predetermined routine actively to ensure on
time inspection / checking of facilities to uncover conditions that may lead to
production break downs or harmful description.
Break Down Maintenance:
In this case, repairs are made after the equipment is out of order and it can not
perform its normal functions.
Routine Maintenance:
Maintenance of different machines are prepared by expert engineer of
maintenance department. Normally in case of dyeing machine maintenance
after 30 days complete checking of different important parts are done.
9. •To keep the m/c running continuously up to the maximum production level
•To make sure the best use of utilities
•To prevent the undesirable failure of the m/c.
•Reducing break down and emergency shut down
•optimizing resources utilization
•Minimizing energy usage
•Improving equipment efficiency.
10. • To Keep the machine running continuously up to the
Maximum Production Level.
• To make sure the best use of Utilities.
• To prevent the undesireable failure of the machine.
Objects:
11.
12. Utilities Used
• Gas-Gas Pressure for
Boiler ,Dryer,Stenter
Checking.
• Air-Air Compressor.
• Electricity-Electric
Control ,Line voltage
,Electricity availability
Checking.
• Water- Water
Pressure,Valve, Level
Checking.
• Steam- Steam
Pressure,Valve,Supply
15. Routine of Maintenance:
•Daily Maintenance: Every machine is taken maintenance daily by the operators during
production. When the operator starts a production after handing over from previous shift
operator, he takes a routine maintenance on the machine. He cleans the machine,
assures yarn is fed to all needles, cleans the eye pot of feeder, memminger, signal lamp
sensor etc. Before a while of a roll cut from batch or cloth roller, operator cleans needles,
cylinder base plate etc. All around of the machine are kept neat and clean as if there is
no dirt with yarn in the fabric.
•Schedule/Routine Maintenance: Every machine has a schedule of maintenance of 10
or 15 days. According to date, schedule maintenance is taken on the machines.
Operators are informed about the time of maintenance. After pre-estimated production,
they hand over the machine to the fitters. Thus, fitters assure all machines are OK. For
any time.
•Break Down Maintenance: When product quality hampered and to complete
production in due time break down maintenance is taken. There are many faults seen in
the fabric during production due to needle, sinker, take down roller etc. Then operators
inform the mechanical fitters and they fix it.
•Restorative Maintenance: Restorative maintenance is taken for design change or new
design development. According to advice or order of production officer, a machine is
fixed for new design and mechanical fitters rearrange cam and needle system. Planned
and preventive maintenance are not taken on the machineries in this mill.
16. 1.For there is any mechanical fault of machine, which is responsible for production
hamper, operator informs mechanical fitters in duty. Mechanical fitters come and
observe the problem firstly, and then they begin to fix it.
2.If mechanical fitters were unable to fix it, then they inform technical in-charge, he then
comes in spot and fixes it.
3.For there is any electrical problem of machine or serious founding mechanical
problem, mechanical and electrical department are informed, they come and fix the
problem. They commence at work after informing of knitting manager. There are two
mechanical engineers in the department.
4.For restorative maintenance, senior production officer orders mechanical fitters to fit
required machine for cam and needle arrangement and other necessary requirements in
case of new design development.
Maintenance Procedure:
17. Daily
1. Check belt tension
2. Check steam or water system & air supply
3. Check chemical pump
4. Machine clean
Weekly
1. Bearing & belt check
2. Check leakage of air, steam &
3. Water line
4. Greasing bearing points
5. Add gland packing at pump
Monthly
1. Greasing bearing points
2. Replace bearing points (if required)
3. Gasket check
4. Clean steam trap
5. Lubricating all chemical pump
Dyeing machine maintenance Schedule
18. Quarterly
1. Replace belts
2. Repairing of pulley, shaft & bearing housing
3. Painting m/c & pipe line
4. Clean steam trap
5. Replace seals (if leakage)
6. Change gasket of stea m of water lines
Half yearly
1. Replace belts
2. Repairing pulley, shaft & bearing housing
3. Painting m/c, pipe line
4. Replace seals
5. Machine body repairing
Yearly
1. Machine overhauling
19. 1. Combination tools / spanner
Function: Tightening & loosening of nuts & bolts.
2. Socket ratchet set
Function: Tightening of nuts & bolts.
3. Slide range
Function: Tightening & loosening of nuts & bolts.
4. Monkey pliers
Function: Tightening & loosening of nuts & bolts.
5. Pipe threat cutting tools
Function: To cut the threat in pipe.
6. Bearing puller
Function: To assist the opening of bearing from shaft.
7. Pipe range
Function: Tightening & loosening of pipe joint.
8. Pipe cutting tools
Function: For pipe cutting.
9. Hole punch
Function: Punching the hole.
10. Divider
Function: For circle marking on metal & wood.
11. Easy opener
Function: To open the broken head bolt.
12. External threat die
Function: For external threat cutting.
Maintenance Tools & Equipments:
20. 13. Heavy scissor
Function: Cutting of gasket & steel sheet.
14. Oil can
Function: Oiling of moving parts.
15. Drill machine and drill bit.
Function: For drilling.
16. Grease gun
Function: For greasing of moving parts of m/c.
17. Grinding m/c
Function: For grinding & cutting of mild steel.
18. Welding m/c
Function: For welding & cutting.
19. Spirit leveler
Function: For perfect leveling.
20. File
Function: For smoothing the surface.
21. Hammer
Function: For scaling & right angling.
22. Circlip tools
Function: Circlip opening & closing.
23. Hacksaw blade
Function: For metal cutting.
24. Handsaw (wood)
Maintenance Tools & Equipments:
21. Important Different Types of Tools:
Photo: Oil Gun and Lead Pliers.
Photo: Wrench set (1.5, 2, 2.5,3,4,5,6,8,10,14 mm 3/6’’)
31. Maintenance : Mechanical
Machine : Dyeing machine
SL. No. Items need to be checked & Serviced
1 Crease the m/c bearing.
2 Complete cleaning of machine.
3 Cleaning of drain valves, replace seals if required.
4 Check air supply filters, regulators auto drain seals
5 Clean filters element and blow out.
6 Greasing of unloading roller bearing.
7 Checking of oil level and bolts of unloading roller gearbox.
8 Checking of unloading roller coupling and packing.
9 Checking & cleaning (if required) of main vessel level indicator.
10 Check the oil level of pump bearing and refill if required.
11 Check the function of heat and cool modulating valves
Check List of Different Parts
32. SL. No. Items need to be checked & Serviced
1 Check & clean fluff and dirt at dirt at all motor fan covers.
2 Check all motor’s terminals
3 Check main panels (by using compressed air)
4 Check panel cooling fan & clean its filter
5 Clean main pump inverter and its cooling fan.
6 Check all circuit breaker, magnetic conductors and relays.
7 Check current setting of all circuit breaker & motor over load.
8 Visual checking of all power & control cables.
9 Check all pressure switches
10 Check calibration of main vessel & all addition tank
11 Check all pneumatic solenoids
12 Check calibration of heating/cooling modulating value
13 Check setting of tangle sensor.
14 Check setting & operation of lid safely switches.
15 Check all emergency switches
16 Check all indicating lamps
17 Check all on/off switches
18 Check all signal isolators.
Maintenance : Electrical
Machine : Dyeing machine
33. Types of
problem
Duration per
break down
Total no. of
break down
Total break
down
Problem
percentage (%)
Steam line valve 30 min 6 180 min 6.06
Cooling valve 3.5 hrs 3 630 min 21.22
Safety valve 2 hrs 3 360 min 12.12
Heat exchanger 2 hrs 1 120 min 4.04
Bearing damage 2 hrs 3 360 min 12.12
Steam trap 2 hrs 4 480 min 16.16
Mechanical seal 4 hrs 2 480 min 16.16
Air unit 30 min 1 30 min 1.01
Positioner 30 min 1 30 min 1.01
TC oaring 2 hrs 2 240 min 8.08
Butterfly valve 30 min 2 60 min 2.02
Total 2970 min
ABC analysis
34.
35.
36. Mechanism and working Procedure
of Individual Machines Used in Wet
Processing Industries
50. Difference between Semi
continuous and Continuous Method
In semi-continuous dyeing, the dye is
applied continuously by a padding. The
fixation and washing remaining
discontinuous. Liquor Ratio in semi-
continuous dyeing is not Important.
74. Continuous Knit Fabric Processing
• Grey knit fabric Inspection
• Jet / Winch Dyeing m/c
• Scouring, Bleaching, Enzyme wash, Optical
Brightening, Dyeing,Softening.(In Rope form
fabric)
• Squeezing/Padding or Hydroextractor (to
remove excess water from the fabric)
• Open width fabric Slitting m/c is used(to slit the
knit fabric along the needle drop line of the
fabric.
75. Knit fabric processing
• For tube knit fabric Relax Dryer is used to
dry the fabric.
• For Open width fabric Stenter m/c is
generally used for drying as well as
finishing chemical addition .
• For tube fabric Tube compactor is used to
control shrinkage.
• For Open width fabric open width
compactor is used to control shrinkage
78. 1. Yarn Manufacturing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Yarn-Manufacturing-
Technology/485014954866808
2. Fabric Manufacturing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Fabric-Manufacturing-
Technology/459520217425605
3. Garments Manufacturing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Garments-Manufacturing-
Technology/472364799463126
3. Wet processing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Wet-Processing-Technology-
Dyeing-/468645219825404
4. Fashion-Design-and-Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Fashion-Design-and-
Technology/587655294583875?ref=ts&fref=ts
My Facebook Textile related Pages
http://www.textilelab.blogspot.com (Visit My Blog for more Info )