4. Garments dyeing:
Normally we dye fiber, yarn or fabric & then the
dyed & finished fabric is used for making
garments. In case of garments dyeing the
garments are made from grey fabric and then
the garments are dyed in required color and
shade.
5. Classification of garments dyeing m/c:
o Hank Dyeing Machine
o Package Dyeing Machine
o Beam Dyeing Machine
o Jet Dyeing Machine
o Jig Dyeing Machine
o Paddle Dyeing Machine
o Winch Dyeing Machine
o Sample Dyeing Machine
6. Jet dyeing machine
Jet dye machine is the most modern machine
used for dyeing of polyester using disperse dye. It is
similar to winch dyeing and fabric is processed in
continuous loop.
The technique is especially useful for delicate
polyester fabrics but depending on the machine
almost any weight, structure, or fabric type can be
used.
7. History
It was found that in using Winch machines, there were
some inherent problems. So the Jet dyeing machines
when they came up in the 1970's, were specifically
designed to overcome those shortcomings.
Types of jet dyeing machine:
i. Overflow Dyeing Machine
ii. Soft-flow Dyeing Machine
iii. Airflow Dyeing Machine
8. Dyeing process
In the Jet dyeing machine the reel is
completely eliminated. A closed tubular
system exists where the fabric is placed.
For transporting the fabric through the
tube a jet of dye liquor is supplied through
a venture. The Jet creates turbulence. This
helps in dye penetration along with
preventing the fabric from touching the
walls of the tube. As the fabric is often
exposed to comparatively higher
concentrations of liquor within the
transport tube, so little dye bath is needed
in the bottom of the vessel. This is just
enough for the smooth movement from
rear to front. Aqueous jet dyeing machines
generally employs a driven winch reel
along with a jet nozzle.
9. SPECIAL FEATURES AND APPLICATION
• This machine can be operated at high
temperature and pressure .
• This system operate at low liquor ratio (ratio
of mass of dye bath to mass of fabric in dyeing
machine) so, this operation consume less
water and chemical.
• Frequent movement of fabric round the jet
through the machine reduces the tendency of
crease formations.
10. Advantage of jet dyeing m/c:
o Low consumption of water.
o Short dyeing time.
o Can be easily operated at high temperatures and
pressure.
o Comparatively low liquor ratios, typically ranges
between 1:4 and 1:20.
o Fabrics are handled carefully and gently.
11. Disadvantages jet dyeing machine
o Cloth is dyed in rope form.
o Risk of entanglement.
o Chance for crease formation.
o High initial investment and maintenance cost.
o Limited accessibility during the dyeing process.
