JAK STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
7 likes•2,418 views
Jump to search The JAK-STAT signalling pathway is a chain of interactions between proteins in a cell, and is involved in processes such as immunity, cell division, cell death and tumour formation. The pathway communicates information from chemical signals outside of a cell to the cell nucleus, resulting in the activation of genes through a process called transcription. There are three key parts of JAK-STAT signalling: Janus kinases (JAKs), Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription proteins (STATs), and receptors (which bind the chemical signals).[1] Disrupted JAK-STAT signalling may lead to a variety of diseases, such as skin conditions, cancers, and disorders affecting the immune system.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
MAPK pathway,
MAPK Signaling pathway (Mitogen-activated protein kinase), how the pathway helps in regulation of mitosis, It's activation and inactivation inside the cell, roles of MAPK pathway in cancerous cell, different classes of MAP kinase in human
Jak stat signaling pathway
This document summarizes the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. It describes that the pathway involves Janus kinases (JAKs) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins that communicate chemical signals from outside the cell to the cell's nucleus. The JAK-STAT pathway is involved in processes like immunity, cell division, cell death, and tumor formation. Disruptions to the pathway can lead to diseases affecting the skin, immune system, and cancers. The document outlines the key steps of the pathway including cytokine binding, JAK phosphorylation, STAT phosphorylation and dimerization, STAT transport to the nucleus to act as a transcription factor.
Jak stat
The JAK-STAT signaling pathway transmits signals from extracellular chemicals to the nucleus, activating transcription of target genes. It consists of a cell surface receptor, associated Janus kinases (JAKs), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). When a ligand binds the receptor, JAKs phosphorylate STATs, which form dimers and translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene expression. The Ras/MAPK pathway similarly relays signals from cell surface receptors via Ras, Raf, MEK, and MAPK proteins to influence transcription. Both pathways are tightly regulated and important for processes like cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, with dysregulation contributing to diseases.
JAK-STAT pathway
The JAK/STAT pathway involves cytokines binding to cell surface receptors which activates JAK kinases, leading to phosphorylation of STAT transcription factors. STAT dimers then enter the nucleus and regulate transcription of genes involved in processes like proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Disregulation of the JAK/STAT pathway contributes to diseases like leukemia, and JAK inhibitors have been developed for leukemia therapy.
Jak stat signalling pathway
The document summarizes the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. It discusses how the pathway consists of receptors, Janus kinases (JAKs), and Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STATs). When a ligand binds to a receptor, it activates associated JAKs which phosphorylate STATs. Phosphorylated STATs form dimers and translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene transcription. The pathway is negatively regulated by phosphatases, suppressors of cytokine signaling, and protein inhibitors of activated STATs. Experiments using STAT knockout cells and mice have helped elucidate the specific roles and regulation of the pathway.
JAK STAT SIGNALLING PATHWAY
The JAK-STAT signaling pathway transmits signals from extracellular chemical signals to the cell nucleus, which leads to DNA transcription and cellular activity. It consists of receptors, Janus kinases (JAKs), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). When ligands bind to receptors, JAKs phosphorylate themselves and STATs, causing STAT dimers to enter the nucleus and promote transcription. Disrupted JAK-STAT signaling can cause immune deficiency and cancer. Drugs targeting JAK-STAT are used to reduce immune response and treat disorders like cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.
JAK-STAT Signalling Pathway
This document presents information about the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. It begins with an introduction to the pathway, explaining that it communicates chemical signals from outside the cell to the nucleus and involves the JAK and STAT proteins. It then discusses the key components of the pathway - the JAK kinases that phosphorylate STAT proteins, and the STAT transcription factors. The document outlines the steps of the JAK-STAT signaling cascade, from cytokine binding to STAT phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. It also briefly discusses negative regulation of the pathway and its clinical significance in immune function and cancer. Finally, it provides examples of drugs that target the JAK-STAT pathway for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
Mapk pathways
MAP KINASES PATHWAY..Regulation and signalling with a note on mammalian derived protein kinases with a note on JNK/p38/PI3 kinase pathways
Recommended
MAPK pathway,
MAPK Signaling pathway (Mitogen-activated protein kinase), how the pathway helps in regulation of mitosis, It's activation and inactivation inside the cell, roles of MAPK pathway in cancerous cell, different classes of MAP kinase in human
Jak stat signaling pathway
This document summarizes the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. It describes that the pathway involves Janus kinases (JAKs) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins that communicate chemical signals from outside the cell to the cell's nucleus. The JAK-STAT pathway is involved in processes like immunity, cell division, cell death, and tumor formation. Disruptions to the pathway can lead to diseases affecting the skin, immune system, and cancers. The document outlines the key steps of the pathway including cytokine binding, JAK phosphorylation, STAT phosphorylation and dimerization, STAT transport to the nucleus to act as a transcription factor.
Jak stat
The JAK-STAT signaling pathway transmits signals from extracellular chemicals to the nucleus, activating transcription of target genes. It consists of a cell surface receptor, associated Janus kinases (JAKs), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). When a ligand binds the receptor, JAKs phosphorylate STATs, which form dimers and translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene expression. The Ras/MAPK pathway similarly relays signals from cell surface receptors via Ras, Raf, MEK, and MAPK proteins to influence transcription. Both pathways are tightly regulated and important for processes like cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, with dysregulation contributing to diseases.
JAK-STAT pathway
The JAK/STAT pathway involves cytokines binding to cell surface receptors which activates JAK kinases, leading to phosphorylation of STAT transcription factors. STAT dimers then enter the nucleus and regulate transcription of genes involved in processes like proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Disregulation of the JAK/STAT pathway contributes to diseases like leukemia, and JAK inhibitors have been developed for leukemia therapy.
Jak stat signalling pathway
The document summarizes the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. It discusses how the pathway consists of receptors, Janus kinases (JAKs), and Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STATs). When a ligand binds to a receptor, it activates associated JAKs which phosphorylate STATs. Phosphorylated STATs form dimers and translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene transcription. The pathway is negatively regulated by phosphatases, suppressors of cytokine signaling, and protein inhibitors of activated STATs. Experiments using STAT knockout cells and mice have helped elucidate the specific roles and regulation of the pathway.
JAK STAT SIGNALLING PATHWAY
The JAK-STAT signaling pathway transmits signals from extracellular chemical signals to the cell nucleus, which leads to DNA transcription and cellular activity. It consists of receptors, Janus kinases (JAKs), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). When ligands bind to receptors, JAKs phosphorylate themselves and STATs, causing STAT dimers to enter the nucleus and promote transcription. Disrupted JAK-STAT signaling can cause immune deficiency and cancer. Drugs targeting JAK-STAT are used to reduce immune response and treat disorders like cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.
JAK-STAT Signalling Pathway
This document presents information about the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. It begins with an introduction to the pathway, explaining that it communicates chemical signals from outside the cell to the nucleus and involves the JAK and STAT proteins. It then discusses the key components of the pathway - the JAK kinases that phosphorylate STAT proteins, and the STAT transcription factors. The document outlines the steps of the JAK-STAT signaling cascade, from cytokine binding to STAT phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. It also briefly discusses negative regulation of the pathway and its clinical significance in immune function and cancer. Finally, it provides examples of drugs that target the JAK-STAT pathway for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
Mapk pathways
MAP KINASES PATHWAY..Regulation and signalling with a note on mammalian derived protein kinases with a note on JNK/p38/PI3 kinase pathways
Jak stat pathway
The JAK-STAT pathway is a key cell signaling pathway that communicates information from extracellular signaling molecules called cytokines into the cell nucleus. It involves three main components: Janus kinases (JAKs) that associate with cytokine receptors and become activated by phosphorylation upon cytokine binding, signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) that are phosphorylated by JAKs and then form dimers that translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene expression, and cytokine receptors that dimerize upon cytokine binding to bring associated JAKs together for cross-phosphorylation and activation of the pathway. The JAK-STAT pathway regulates many important cellular processes like proliferation, differentiation, and immune responses by transmitting signals from cytokines and stimulating
Jak stat signalling
Cytokines signal through the JAK-STAT pathway. JAK kinases are associated with cytokine receptors and activate upon cytokine binding. Activated JAKs phosphorylate the receptor and STAT proteins in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylated STATs dimerize and translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene expression. This confers specificity to cytokine responses. Drugs that target the JAK-STAT pathway include cytokine receptor blockers and JAK inhibitors, which are used to treat conditions like transplant rejection and rheumatoid arthritis.
Mapk modified
The MAPK pathway is a signal transduction pathway that responds to extracellular stimuli and regulates various cellular processes. It involves a phosphorylation cascade from MAPKKK to MAPKK to MAPK that ultimately regulates transcription factors and gene expression. Second messengers like cAMP, IP3, and calcium amplify extracellular signals and allow cross-talk between different pathways. The MAPK pathway controls processes like cell growth, division, survival, and metabolism.
Phospholipase C IP3 DAG Pathway
Phospholipase C (PLC) is an enzyme that cleaves phospholipids just before the phosphate group. It plays an important role in signal transduction by binding to and activating G protein coupled receptors. There are several isozymes of PLC classified by type, and they are activated by heterotrimeric G proteins, protein tyrosine kinases, small G proteins, calcium, and phospholipids. PLC cleaves phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to produce inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacyl glycerol.
Enzyme linked receptor
This document discusses receptors and their downstream signaling pathways, including JAK-STAT and MAPK pathways. It defines receptors and describes different receptor types like G protein-coupled and enzyme-linked receptors. It then focuses on the JAK-STAT pathway, identifying its components like JAK kinases and STAT transcription factors, and drugs that target this pathway for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Finally, it examines the MAPK pathway, identifying the MAP kinase families involved in key cellular processes and examples of drugs that inhibit parts of this pathway.
Importance of si rna and microrna
siRNA and miRNA both regulate gene expression, but through different mechanisms. siRNA targets specific gene sequences, while a single miRNA can regulate many genes. siRNA is found in plants, fungi, and insects but not mammals, which have other antiviral responses. miRNA are small non-coding RNAs around 22 nucleotides long that bind to mRNA to repress translation or promote degradation. They play important roles in development, physiology, and disease when their expression is dysregulated.
Map kinase
The MAP kinase pathway involves signal transduction from activated RAS protein to MAP kinase. The activated RAS starts a kinase cascade involving RAF, MEK and MAPK. MAP kinase then translocates to the nucleus and activates transcription factors like C-Fos. This leads to expression of genes involved in cell cycle progression. The JAK-STAT pathway involves phosphorylation of STAT proteins by JAK kinases upon cytokine binding. Phosphorylated STATs form dimers, enter the nucleus and regulate gene transcription. Both pathways integrate with other signaling cascades and are regulated by phosphatases and inhibitory proteins.
Tyrosine kinase linked receptors
This document discusses receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and their role in signal transduction. It notes that RTKs are membrane proteins that transmit signals from outside the cell into the cell. When a ligand binds to an RTK, it causes the receptor to dimerize and phosphorylate itself. This activated RTK then transmits the signal by activating downstream proteins like Ras via GRB2 and Sos. Ras further transduces the signal to serine/threonine kinases and transcription factors, ultimately leading to responses in the cell like growth, differentiation, and metabolism. There are 58 known RTK subfamilies involved in various cellular processes.
Receptor tyrosine kinase
A tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that can transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a tyrosine residue in a protein.
mitogen activated protein kinase.pptx
The MAPK/ERK pathway is a chain of proteins in the cell that communicates a signal from a receptor on the cell surface to the DNA in the nucleus. It begins with activation of Ras by receptor tyrosine kinases, followed by Raf phosphorylating MEK, which then phosphorylates ERK. ERK activation leads to expression of genes that regulate cell proliferation and survival. Dysregulation of the MAPK pathway is implicated in cancers by mutations that activate receptors or downstream molecules independently of stimuli.
Receptor tyrosine kinases.ppt
The document discusses receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), a class of cell surface receptors that possess intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. RTKs are activated through ligand binding and dimerization, which leads to autophosphorylation and downstream signaling. This signaling involves phosphorylation of proteins by RTKs and recruitment of adapter proteins, and results in cellular responses like cell division, differentiation, and motility. Common to all RTKs are an extracellular ligand-binding domain, a transmembrane domain, an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain, and regulatory domains.
Nuclear Receptors
Nuclear receptors are a family of transcription factors that regulate gene expression in response to small lipophilic compounds like steroid hormones and lipids. They have a conserved structure of six domains including a ligand binding domain that activates gene expression when a ligand is present. Nuclear receptors function by binding to DNA as monomers or dimers and recruiting other proteins to regulate transcription. They are classified into three classes based on their ligand, subcellular localization, and mechanism of action.
Final nuclear receptor
Nuclear receptors are a family of transcription factors that bind small molecule ligands and regulate gene expression. They contain several domains including a DNA binding domain and ligand binding domain. Upon ligand binding, nuclear receptors undergo a conformational change and recruit coactivators or corepressors to activate or repress transcription. They are classified into three classes based on their localization and dimerization properties. Class II nuclear receptors like PPARs form heterodimers with RXR, bind lipids, and regulate metabolism. PPARγ agonists like glitazones bind PPARγ, activate gene transcription, and have antidiabetic effects like sensitizing tissues to insulin.
AKT/PKB SIGNALING PATHWAY
The document summarizes the AKT/PKB signaling pathway. It discusses that AKT/PKB promotes metabolism, proliferation, and cell survival as an intracellular signal transduction pathway. Key proteins in the pathway are AKT/PKB and PI3K. The pathway regulates processes like protein synthesis, cell survival, cell proliferation, and glucose metabolism. Dysregulation of the pathway through mutations can contribute to cancer due to AKT/PKB's role in regulating critical cellular functions, making it a potential therapeutic target.
Cell death
Cell death, also known as programmed cell death, occurs through various pathways including apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis. Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, involves two main pathways - the intrinsic pathway which is triggered by cellular stress and the extrinsic pathway which is triggered by death ligands binding to cell surface death receptors. Both pathways activate caspases that break down cellular components leading to cell death. Autophagy is the natural and regulated mechanism by which cells degrade and recycle unnecessary or dysfunctional cellular components through the formation of autophagosomes and lysosomal degradation. Necrosis is unregulated cell death caused by external factors like infection, trauma or ischemia and results in the premature death of cells and tissue damage
Nf-Kappa B signalling
The presentation deals with one of the most important signalling pathway that plays key role in inflammation and related diseases like asthma.
Cyclic amp pathway
Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr. discovered cyclic AMP (cAMP) as a second messenger that allows hormones like epinephrine to trigger physiological responses in cells. cAMP is produced from ATP by adenylate cyclase in response to hormone binding and activates protein kinase A. Protein kinase A then phosphorylates other proteins to initiate downstream cellular effects. The actions of cAMP are terminated by phosphodiesterase breaking it down and by dephosphorylation of proteins. cAMP mediates many important processes like glycogen breakdown and gene transcription.
Assignment on Secondary messengers and intracellular signaling
Assignment on Secondary messengers: cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, calcium ion, inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate, (IP3), NO, and diacylglycerol. Detailed study of following intracellular signaling pathways: cyclic AMP signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway.
Regulation of JAK STAT Pathway
1. The JAK-STAT pathway involves cytokine binding to receptors which activates JAK proteins, leading to phosphorylation of STAT proteins. Phosphorylated STATs form dimers and translocate to the nucleus to initiate gene transcription.
2. The pathway is regulated by PIAS, PTPs, and SOCS proteins. PIAS can add SUMO groups or recruit HDACs to inhibit STATs. PTPs remove phosphates to inhibit signaling. SOCS proteins form complexes that ubiquitinate proteins like JAKs and receptors to target them for degradation.
3. In rheumatoid arthritis, overactive JAK-STAT signaling leads to excessive inflammation. Approved drugs tofacitinib, ruxolit
G protein coupled receptors and their Signaling Mechanism
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of receptors that span cell membranes and activate intracellular signaling pathways in response to extracellular stimuli. They are activated by a wide range of ligands including light, hormones, and neurotransmitters. Upon ligand binding, GPCRs activate heterotrimeric G proteins, which then initiate intracellular signaling cascades. The three main G protein families - Gs, Gi, and Gq - activate or inhibit different downstream effector enzymes to elicit a cellular response. Dysregulation of GPCRs and their associated signaling pathways can lead to various diseases.
JAK STAT.pptx
The JAK-STAT pathway transmits signals from extracellular chemical messengers through three main components: cell surface receptors, Janus kinases (JAKs), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). Upon ligand binding, receptor-associated JAKs become activated and phosphorylate STATs, allowing them to form dimers and translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene expression. The pathway is negatively regulated by phosphatases, suppressors of cytokine signaling, and protein inhibitors of activated STAT. Disrupted JAK-STAT signaling can cause immune deficiency, inflammation, and cancer. Drugs targeting the pathway are used to treat transplant rejection, myeloproliferative disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, and atopic
JAK-STAT and TGF-3/SMAD signal transduction pathways
here are the 2 important cell signaling pathways (signal transduction mechanisms) JAK-STAT and TGF-3/SMAD pathways.
More Related Content
What's hot
Jak stat pathway
The JAK-STAT pathway is a key cell signaling pathway that communicates information from extracellular signaling molecules called cytokines into the cell nucleus. It involves three main components: Janus kinases (JAKs) that associate with cytokine receptors and become activated by phosphorylation upon cytokine binding, signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) that are phosphorylated by JAKs and then form dimers that translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene expression, and cytokine receptors that dimerize upon cytokine binding to bring associated JAKs together for cross-phosphorylation and activation of the pathway. The JAK-STAT pathway regulates many important cellular processes like proliferation, differentiation, and immune responses by transmitting signals from cytokines and stimulating
Jak stat signalling
Cytokines signal through the JAK-STAT pathway. JAK kinases are associated with cytokine receptors and activate upon cytokine binding. Activated JAKs phosphorylate the receptor and STAT proteins in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylated STATs dimerize and translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene expression. This confers specificity to cytokine responses. Drugs that target the JAK-STAT pathway include cytokine receptor blockers and JAK inhibitors, which are used to treat conditions like transplant rejection and rheumatoid arthritis.
Mapk modified
The MAPK pathway is a signal transduction pathway that responds to extracellular stimuli and regulates various cellular processes. It involves a phosphorylation cascade from MAPKKK to MAPKK to MAPK that ultimately regulates transcription factors and gene expression. Second messengers like cAMP, IP3, and calcium amplify extracellular signals and allow cross-talk between different pathways. The MAPK pathway controls processes like cell growth, division, survival, and metabolism.
Phospholipase C IP3 DAG Pathway
Phospholipase C (PLC) is an enzyme that cleaves phospholipids just before the phosphate group. It plays an important role in signal transduction by binding to and activating G protein coupled receptors. There are several isozymes of PLC classified by type, and they are activated by heterotrimeric G proteins, protein tyrosine kinases, small G proteins, calcium, and phospholipids. PLC cleaves phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to produce inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacyl glycerol.
Enzyme linked receptor
This document discusses receptors and their downstream signaling pathways, including JAK-STAT and MAPK pathways. It defines receptors and describes different receptor types like G protein-coupled and enzyme-linked receptors. It then focuses on the JAK-STAT pathway, identifying its components like JAK kinases and STAT transcription factors, and drugs that target this pathway for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Finally, it examines the MAPK pathway, identifying the MAP kinase families involved in key cellular processes and examples of drugs that inhibit parts of this pathway.
Importance of si rna and microrna
siRNA and miRNA both regulate gene expression, but through different mechanisms. siRNA targets specific gene sequences, while a single miRNA can regulate many genes. siRNA is found in plants, fungi, and insects but not mammals, which have other antiviral responses. miRNA are small non-coding RNAs around 22 nucleotides long that bind to mRNA to repress translation or promote degradation. They play important roles in development, physiology, and disease when their expression is dysregulated.
Map kinase
The MAP kinase pathway involves signal transduction from activated RAS protein to MAP kinase. The activated RAS starts a kinase cascade involving RAF, MEK and MAPK. MAP kinase then translocates to the nucleus and activates transcription factors like C-Fos. This leads to expression of genes involved in cell cycle progression. The JAK-STAT pathway involves phosphorylation of STAT proteins by JAK kinases upon cytokine binding. Phosphorylated STATs form dimers, enter the nucleus and regulate gene transcription. Both pathways integrate with other signaling cascades and are regulated by phosphatases and inhibitory proteins.
Tyrosine kinase linked receptors
This document discusses receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and their role in signal transduction. It notes that RTKs are membrane proteins that transmit signals from outside the cell into the cell. When a ligand binds to an RTK, it causes the receptor to dimerize and phosphorylate itself. This activated RTK then transmits the signal by activating downstream proteins like Ras via GRB2 and Sos. Ras further transduces the signal to serine/threonine kinases and transcription factors, ultimately leading to responses in the cell like growth, differentiation, and metabolism. There are 58 known RTK subfamilies involved in various cellular processes.
Receptor tyrosine kinase
A tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that can transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a tyrosine residue in a protein.
mitogen activated protein kinase.pptx
The MAPK/ERK pathway is a chain of proteins in the cell that communicates a signal from a receptor on the cell surface to the DNA in the nucleus. It begins with activation of Ras by receptor tyrosine kinases, followed by Raf phosphorylating MEK, which then phosphorylates ERK. ERK activation leads to expression of genes that regulate cell proliferation and survival. Dysregulation of the MAPK pathway is implicated in cancers by mutations that activate receptors or downstream molecules independently of stimuli.
Receptor tyrosine kinases.ppt
The document discusses receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), a class of cell surface receptors that possess intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. RTKs are activated through ligand binding and dimerization, which leads to autophosphorylation and downstream signaling. This signaling involves phosphorylation of proteins by RTKs and recruitment of adapter proteins, and results in cellular responses like cell division, differentiation, and motility. Common to all RTKs are an extracellular ligand-binding domain, a transmembrane domain, an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain, and regulatory domains.
Nuclear Receptors
Nuclear receptors are a family of transcription factors that regulate gene expression in response to small lipophilic compounds like steroid hormones and lipids. They have a conserved structure of six domains including a ligand binding domain that activates gene expression when a ligand is present. Nuclear receptors function by binding to DNA as monomers or dimers and recruiting other proteins to regulate transcription. They are classified into three classes based on their ligand, subcellular localization, and mechanism of action.
Final nuclear receptor
Nuclear receptors are a family of transcription factors that bind small molecule ligands and regulate gene expression. They contain several domains including a DNA binding domain and ligand binding domain. Upon ligand binding, nuclear receptors undergo a conformational change and recruit coactivators or corepressors to activate or repress transcription. They are classified into three classes based on their localization and dimerization properties. Class II nuclear receptors like PPARs form heterodimers with RXR, bind lipids, and regulate metabolism. PPARγ agonists like glitazones bind PPARγ, activate gene transcription, and have antidiabetic effects like sensitizing tissues to insulin.
AKT/PKB SIGNALING PATHWAY
The document summarizes the AKT/PKB signaling pathway. It discusses that AKT/PKB promotes metabolism, proliferation, and cell survival as an intracellular signal transduction pathway. Key proteins in the pathway are AKT/PKB and PI3K. The pathway regulates processes like protein synthesis, cell survival, cell proliferation, and glucose metabolism. Dysregulation of the pathway through mutations can contribute to cancer due to AKT/PKB's role in regulating critical cellular functions, making it a potential therapeutic target.
Cell death
Cell death, also known as programmed cell death, occurs through various pathways including apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis. Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, involves two main pathways - the intrinsic pathway which is triggered by cellular stress and the extrinsic pathway which is triggered by death ligands binding to cell surface death receptors. Both pathways activate caspases that break down cellular components leading to cell death. Autophagy is the natural and regulated mechanism by which cells degrade and recycle unnecessary or dysfunctional cellular components through the formation of autophagosomes and lysosomal degradation. Necrosis is unregulated cell death caused by external factors like infection, trauma or ischemia and results in the premature death of cells and tissue damage
Nf-Kappa B signalling
The presentation deals with one of the most important signalling pathway that plays key role in inflammation and related diseases like asthma.
Cyclic amp pathway
Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr. discovered cyclic AMP (cAMP) as a second messenger that allows hormones like epinephrine to trigger physiological responses in cells. cAMP is produced from ATP by adenylate cyclase in response to hormone binding and activates protein kinase A. Protein kinase A then phosphorylates other proteins to initiate downstream cellular effects. The actions of cAMP are terminated by phosphodiesterase breaking it down and by dephosphorylation of proteins. cAMP mediates many important processes like glycogen breakdown and gene transcription.
Assignment on Secondary messengers and intracellular signaling
Assignment on Secondary messengers: cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, calcium ion, inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate, (IP3), NO, and diacylglycerol. Detailed study of following intracellular signaling pathways: cyclic AMP signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway.
Regulation of JAK STAT Pathway
1. The JAK-STAT pathway involves cytokine binding to receptors which activates JAK proteins, leading to phosphorylation of STAT proteins. Phosphorylated STATs form dimers and translocate to the nucleus to initiate gene transcription.
2. The pathway is regulated by PIAS, PTPs, and SOCS proteins. PIAS can add SUMO groups or recruit HDACs to inhibit STATs. PTPs remove phosphates to inhibit signaling. SOCS proteins form complexes that ubiquitinate proteins like JAKs and receptors to target them for degradation.
3. In rheumatoid arthritis, overactive JAK-STAT signaling leads to excessive inflammation. Approved drugs tofacitinib, ruxolit
G protein coupled receptors and their Signaling Mechanism
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of receptors that span cell membranes and activate intracellular signaling pathways in response to extracellular stimuli. They are activated by a wide range of ligands including light, hormones, and neurotransmitters. Upon ligand binding, GPCRs activate heterotrimeric G proteins, which then initiate intracellular signaling cascades. The three main G protein families - Gs, Gi, and Gq - activate or inhibit different downstream effector enzymes to elicit a cellular response. Dysregulation of GPCRs and their associated signaling pathways can lead to various diseases.
What's hot (20)
Assignment on Secondary messengers and intracellular signaling
Assignment on Secondary messengers and intracellular signaling
G protein coupled receptors and their Signaling Mechanism
G protein coupled receptors and their Signaling Mechanism
Similar to JAK STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY
JAK STAT.pptx
The JAK-STAT pathway transmits signals from extracellular chemical messengers through three main components: cell surface receptors, Janus kinases (JAKs), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). Upon ligand binding, receptor-associated JAKs become activated and phosphorylate STATs, allowing them to form dimers and translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene expression. The pathway is negatively regulated by phosphatases, suppressors of cytokine signaling, and protein inhibitors of activated STAT. Disrupted JAK-STAT signaling can cause immune deficiency, inflammation, and cancer. Drugs targeting the pathway are used to treat transplant rejection, myeloproliferative disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, and atopic
JAK-STAT and TGF-3/SMAD signal transduction pathways
here are the 2 important cell signaling pathways (signal transduction mechanisms) JAK-STAT and TGF-3/SMAD pathways.
Stat family :Role of Stat 3 in skin disorders by yousry
This document discusses the role of STAT3 in skin disorders like psoriasis. It begins by providing background on the STAT family of proteins and how they function as signal transducers and transcription factors in response to extracellular ligands. It then focuses on STAT3 specifically, describing how it is activated by cytokines and other signaling molecules. The document discusses STAT3's role in keratinocyte migration and signaling pathways relevant to psoriasis pathogenesis. It notes that STAT3 links activated keratinocytes and immune cells required for psoriasis development.
Stat family:stat 3 in skin disorders by yousry
the role of stat proteins in cells signaling pathways.Stat 3 protein in immunopathogenesis of psoriasis.ppt
Stat3 protein & immunocompetent cells in psoriasis by yousry a mawla
Immunopathogenic mechanisms of psoriasis and how does Stat3 protein interact with different cells.ppt
Stat3 protein & t helper 17 cell -in psoriasis by yousry a mawla
This document discusses the roles of STAT3 and Th17 cells in psoriasis. STAT3 is activated by cytokines like IL-6 and transduces signals that lead to the transcription of genes involved in inflammation. Th17 cells secrete IL-17 which stimulates keratinocytes and drives the inflammatory response in psoriasis. The immune cells and cytokines involved create a vicious cycle that perpetuates the chronic inflammation and characteristic lesions of the disease.
Stat3 protein & immunocompetent cells cross talks in psoriasis by yousr...
The document discusses the role of STAT3 protein and immune cells in psoriasis. STAT3 is activated by cytokines and growth factors and acts as a signal transducer downstream of cytokine receptors. It plays a key role in dendritic cell development. In psoriasis, plasmacytoid dendritic cells produce interferon-α which activates T cells and drives the development of psoriatic lesions through a positive feedback loop between immune cells and keratinocytes.
Stat3 protein & immunocompetent cells cross talks in psoriasis by yousr...
STAT 3 protein plays a role in cross-talk between immune cells and keratinocytes in psoriasis. STAT3 is activated by cytokines and growth factors and activates transcription of target genes. In psoriasis, dendritic cells and T cells are activated, forming an immunological synapse that triggers keratinocyte proliferation, altered differentiation, and angiogenesis through cytokine and chemokine release. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells accumulate in pre-psoriatic skin and secrete interferon-α early in disease formation, triggering autoimmune inflammation and psoriasis development.
Stat3protein & immunocompetent cells in psoriasis pathogenesis
STAT3 protein plays a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis by activating immune cells. STAT3 is activated by cytokines and growth factors and acts as a signal transducer downstream of cytokine receptors. Activated STAT3 dimers enter the nucleus of immune cells and keratinocytes to induce genes that perpetuate inflammation in psoriasis. Overexpression of the Tie2 receptor in keratinocytes alone, not endothelial cells, is sufficient to induce a psoriasis-like phenotype in mouse models through increased dermal inflammation and keratinocyte proliferation.
Stat3protein immunocompetent cells in psoriasisb pathogenesis.ppt
STAT3 protein plays a role in psoriasis pathogenesis through its involvement in immune cell signaling. STAT3 is activated by cytokines and growth factors and acts as a signal transducer downstream of cytokine receptors. In psoriasis, STAT3 signaling in immune cells such as T cells and dendritic cells leads to the release of inflammatory cytokines that trigger keratinocyte proliferation and skin inflammation. The interaction between immune cells and keratinocytes forms a positive feedback loop that maintains the chronic psoriatic plaques.
Signal Transduction
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellular response. Proteins responsible for detecting stimuli are generally termed receptors, although in some cases the term sensor is used.The changes elicited by ligand binding (or signal sensing) in a receptor give rise to a biochemical cascade, which is a chain of biochemical events as a signaling pathway.When signaling pathways interact with one another they form networks, which allow cellular responses to be coordinated, often by combinatorial signaling events. At the molecular level, such responses include changes in the transcription or translation of genes, and post-translational and conformational changes in proteins, as well as changes in their location. These molecular events are the basic mechanisms controlling cell growth, proliferation, metabolism and many other processes.In multicellular organisms, signal transduction pathways have evolved to regulate cell communication in a wide variety of ways.
Role of jak stat pathway in cancer signalling
jak stat pathway plays a important role in cancer signalling. This presentation particularly concentrates on hematological malignancies and current therapy.
jakstat signaling pathway (Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology)
The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is an intracellular signaling pathway that communicates signals from cytokines binding to cell surface receptors to changes in gene expression. It involves Janus kinase (JAK) enzymes phosphorylating Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STAT) proteins, which then form dimers and translocate to the nucleus to activate gene transcription. Dysregulation of the JAK-STAT pathway can lead to various diseases and disorders like cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and leukemia. Inhibitors of JAK enzymes have been developed as therapies for conditions like psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Stat3 &other target proteins in psoriasis by yousry a mawla
STAT 3 and Other Target Proteins: New Concepts in Psoriasis Pathogenesis & Therapy
This document discusses STAT3 signaling and its role in psoriasis pathogenesis. It summarizes that:
1) STAT3 is activated by cytokines and growth factors and forms dimers that enter the nucleus and activate gene transcription.
2) STAT3 signaling is involved in processes like proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. Its dysregulation contributes to psoriasis pathogenesis.
3) Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involving excessive keratinocyte proliferation, abnormal differentiation, and immune system involvement. Understanding STAT3 signaling may provide novel therapeutic targets for psoriasis treatment.
JAK STAT Pathway.pptx
This document provides an overview of the Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. It discusses how the pathway is activated when ligands bind to cell surface receptors, causing receptor dimerization and activation of associated JAK kinases. The JAKs then phosphorylate and activate STAT proteins, which dimerize and translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene transcription. Negative regulation of the pathway involves proteins that deactivate JAKs and STATs. The pathway is essential for processes like immunity, cell proliferation and death, and is involved in diseases when mutated.
Necdin, a Negative Growth Regulator, Is A Novel STAT3 Target Gene Down Regula...
Necdin, a Negative Growth Regulator, Is A Novel STAT3 Target Gene Down Regula...Digital Media Tecs Marketing Agency
This document discusses the identification of Necdin as a novel STAT3 target gene that is downregulated in human cancer. The researchers used microarray analysis to compare gene expression profiles between cells with constitutively active STAT3 and normal cells. They identified differentially expressed genes between cells expressing oncogenic v-Src or constitutively active STAT3-C. Genes common to both lists were most likely directly regulated by STAT3. Computational analysis identified Necdin, a negative growth regulator, as downregulated in cells with active STAT3. Experiments confirmed STAT3 directly binds to and regulates the Necdin promoter, and Necdin expression inversely correlates with STAT3 activity in cancer cell lines. This suggests STATStat3 in hepatocellular carcinoma
The STAT protein regulates many cellular processes like growth, survival, and differentiation. When activated by chemical signals, STAT proteins move into the nucleus and regulate gene expression by binding to DNA. STAT3 specifically regulates genes involved in cell growth, division, movement, and apoptosis. It also helps control the immune response and is involved in bone formation. In hepatocellular carcinoma, STAT3 becomes constitutively active, promoting tumorigenesis by upregulating genes related to apoptosis, the cell cycle, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Evodiamine, a compound found in a plant, inhibits STAT3 activation and induces apoptosis in liver cancer cells by upregulating the phosphatase SHP-1, which dephosphorylates and de
Cell signalling through MAP-Kinase and JAK STAT pathway.pptx
Cell signaling is a complex process by which cells communicate with each other to regulate various cellular activities, including growth, differentiation, metabolism, and apoptosis (cell death). Signaling molecules, such as hormones, growth factors, and neurotransmitters, bind to specific receptors on the cell surface or inside the cell, initiating a cascade of events that ultimately lead to a cellular response. There are several signaling pathways involved in cell signaling, including the Ras-MAPK pathway and the JAK-STAT pathway.
Both the Ras-MAPK pathway and the JAK-STAT pathway are critical for normal cellular function, and dysregulation of these pathways can lead to various diseases, including cancer and inflammatory disorders.
JAK STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY.
Janus Kinase (JAK) / Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) Signaling Pathway explained at molecular level.
SEMINAR (M.Sc II Sem) by Deepak chawhan.pdf
The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is involved in processes like immunity and cell growth. It communicates chemical signals from outside the cell to the nucleus. The key parts are Janus kinases (JAKs) that phosphorylate receptors to recruit Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) proteins, which form dimers and enter the nucleus to activate genes. Post-translational modifications, recruitment of co-activators, and integration with other pathways regulate JAK-STAT signaling, which if disrupted may cause diseases.
Similar to JAK STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY (20)
JAK-STAT and TGF-3/SMAD signal transduction pathways
JAK-STAT and TGF-3/SMAD signal transduction pathways
Stat family :Role of Stat 3 in skin disorders by yousry
Stat family :Role of Stat 3 in skin disorders by yousry
Stat3 protein & immunocompetent cells in psoriasis by yousry a mawla
Stat3 protein & immunocompetent cells in psoriasis by yousry a mawla
Stat3 protein & t helper 17 cell -in psoriasis by yousry a mawla
Stat3 protein & t helper 17 cell -in psoriasis by yousry a mawla
Stat3 protein & immunocompetent cells cross talks in psoriasis by yousr...
Stat3 protein & immunocompetent cells cross talks in psoriasis by yousr...
Stat3 protein & immunocompetent cells cross talks in psoriasis by yousr...
Stat3 protein & immunocompetent cells cross talks in psoriasis by yousr...
Stat3protein & immunocompetent cells in psoriasis pathogenesis
Stat3protein & immunocompetent cells in psoriasis pathogenesis
Stat3protein immunocompetent cells in psoriasisb pathogenesis.ppt
Stat3protein immunocompetent cells in psoriasisb pathogenesis.ppt
jakstat signaling pathway (Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology)
jakstat signaling pathway (Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology)
Stat3 &other target proteins in psoriasis by yousry a mawla
Stat3 &other target proteins in psoriasis by yousry a mawla
Necdin, a Negative Growth Regulator, Is A Novel STAT3 Target Gene Down Regula...
Necdin, a Negative Growth Regulator, Is A Novel STAT3 Target Gene Down Regula...
Cell signalling through MAP-Kinase and JAK STAT pathway.pptx
Cell signalling through MAP-Kinase and JAK STAT pathway.pptx
More from RANA SAHA
Mechanism of enzyme action
Mechanism of enzyme action -
An enzyme attracts substrates to its active site, catalyzes the chemical reaction by which products are formed, and then allows the products to dissociate (separate from the enzyme surface). The combination formed by an enzyme and its substrates is called the enzyme–substrate complex.
Trypsin, chymotripsin & urease
Trypsin, chymotrypsin & urease
MECHANISM OF ENZYME ACTION
An enzyme attracts substrates to its active site, catalyzes the chemical reaction by which products are formed, and then allows the products to dissociate (separate from the enzyme surface). The combination formed by an enzyme and its substrates is called the enzyme-substrate complex.
ANTI-ULCER POTENTIAL OF OMEPRAZOLE, RANITIDINE AND DOMPERIDONE
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTI-ULCER POTENTIAL OF OMEPRAZOLE, RANITIDINE AND DOMPERIDONE IN ASPIRIN INDUCED ULCER RAT MODEL.
OBJECTIVE : To compare anti-ulcer potential of Omeprazole, Ranitidine and Domperidone (Prokinetic agent) in Aspirin induced ulcer rat model.
Polymethyl methacrylate (pmma)
PMMA, or polymethyl methacrylate, is a transparent rigid thermoplastic that is a lightweight alternative to glass. It is produced by polymerizing methyl methacrylate monomers. PMMA has excellent clarity, UV resistance, abrasion resistance, hardness, stiffness, and low water absorption. However, it has poor impact resistance, limited chemical resistance, and limited heat resistance. PMMA has various uses in medical, construction, lighting, automotive, electronics, and furniture industries. It is 100% recyclable and used in applications like bone cement, dental prosthetics, and remodeled bones in orthopedics.
GENE KNOCKOUT
A gene knockout is a genetic technique in which one of an organism's genes is made inoperative ("knocked out" of the organism). However, gene knockout can also refer to the gene that is knocked out or the organism that carries the gene knockout. Knockout organisms or simply knockouts are used to study gene function, usually by investigating the effect of gene loss. Researchers draw inferences from the difference between the knockout organism and normal individuals.
MICROINJECTION GENE TRANSFER METHOD
Microinjection is a gene transfer technique where DNA is directly injected into cells using a fine glass micropipette. It is highly efficient at the individual cell level and was originally used for transfecting hard-to-transfect cells. The procedure involves holding a cell using one pipette while another pipette is used to inject DNA into the cell's cytoplasm or nucleus. It allows for stable transfection efficiencies of around 20% and is used to generate transgenic animals by injecting DNA into oocytes, eggs or embryos. However, it is time-consuming and can only be done for a small number of cells.
Organometallic compounds in oncology : CISPLATIN
The serendipitous discovery by Rosenberg in 1965 of the anti-proliferative activity of a platinum complex, recognized as cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cisplatin) and its subsequent success-full introduction in the therapy of testicular cancer (1978), fostered a renewed and growing interest in metal-based drugs, particularly organometallic complexes, as antitumor agents. Indeed, a very impressively high cure-rate, was observed with cisplatin.
Metals and their organometallic compounds :
PLATINUM(Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin)
RUTHENIUM(KP418, KP1019, etc)
GOLD(Auranofin, Tetrahedral gold complexes, Phosphol-containing gold complexes, etc)
IRON(Ferrocene, Ferrocifen)
COBALT(Hexacarbonyl dicobalt)
GALLIUM(Gallium 8-quinolinonate[KP46], Gallium maltolate)
Fragile X syndrome
Fragile X syndrome causes mild to severe intellectual disability. It affects both males and females, but females usually have milder symptoms.
Symptoms include delays in talking, anxiety and hyperactive behaviour. Some people have seizures. Physical features might include large ears, a long face, a prominent jaw and forehead and flat feet.
Therapy can be used to treat learning disabilities. Medication may be used to treat anxiety and mood disorders.
METABOLISM OF METHIONINE
Methionine is an amino acid( a building block of protein) hence cannot be produced by the body but only supplied by the diet.Although mammals cannot synthesize methionine, they can still use it in a variety of biochemical pathways: Metabolism,Regeneration, Reverse-transulfurylation pathway: conversion to cysteine & Ethylene synthesis.
ONE OF THESE ABOVE , ONLY METABOLISM IS DISCUSSED.
METABOLISM OF METHIONINE
Methionine is an amino acid( a building block of protein) hence cannot be produced by the body but only supplied by the diet.Although mammals cannot synthesize methionine, they can still use it in a variety of biochemical pathways:
Metabolism
Regeneration
Reverse-transulfurylation pathway: conversion to cysteine
Ethylene synthesis
ONE OF THESE ABOVE , ONLY METABOLISM IS DISCUSSED.
BIOSYNTHESIS OF METHIONINE
As an essential amino acid, methionine is not synthesized de novo in humans and other animals, which must ingest methionine or methionine-containing proteins. In plants and microorganisms, methionine biosynthesis belongs to the aspartate family, along with threonine and lysine (via diaminopimelate, but not via α-aminoadipate). The main backbone is derived from aspartic acid, while the sulfur may come from cysteine, methanethiol, or hydrogen sulfide.
More from RANA SAHA (11)
ANTI-ULCER POTENTIAL OF OMEPRAZOLE, RANITIDINE AND DOMPERIDONE
ANTI-ULCER POTENTIAL OF OMEPRAZOLE, RANITIDINE AND DOMPERIDONE
Recently uploaded
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Orion Air Quality Monitoring Systems - CWS
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
ANAMOLOUS SECONDARY GROWTH IN DICOT ROOTS.pptx
Abnormal or anomalous secondary growth in plants. It defines secondary growth as an increase in plant girth due to vascular cambium or cork cambium. Anomalous secondary growth does not follow the normal pattern of a single vascular cambium producing xylem internally and phloem externally.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
原版制作(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
BREEDING METHODS FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE.pptx
Plant breeding for disease resistance is a strategy to reduce crop losses caused by disease. Plants have an innate immune system that allows them to recognize pathogens and provide resistance. However, breeding for long-lasting resistance often involves combining multiple resistance genes
Shallowest Oil Discovery of Turkiye.pptx
The Petroleum System of the Çukurova Field - the Shallowest Oil Discovery of Türkiye, Adana
如何办理(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证本科学位证书原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/Nucleophilic Addition of carbonyl compounds.pptx
Nucleophilic addition is the most important reaction of carbonyls. Not just aldehydes and ketones, but also carboxylic acid derivatives in general.
Carbonyls undergo addition reactions with a large range of nucleophiles.
Comparing the relative basicity of the nucleophile and the product is extremely helpful in determining how reversible the addition reaction is. Reactions with Grignards and hydrides are irreversible. Reactions with weak bases like halides and carboxylates generally don’t happen.
Electronic effects (inductive effects, electron donation) have a large impact on reactivity.
Large groups adjacent to the carbonyl will slow the rate of reaction.
Neutral nucleophiles can also add to carbonyls, although their additions are generally slower and more reversible. Acid catalysis is sometimes employed to increase the rate of addition.
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Unveiling the Energy Potential of Marshmallow Deposits.pdf
Unveiling the Energy Potential of Marshmallow Deposits: A Revolutionary
Breakthrough in Sustainable Energy Science
Recently uploaded (20)
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
Unveiling the Energy Potential of Marshmallow Deposits.pdf
Unveiling the Energy Potential of Marshmallow Deposits.pdf
mô tả các thí nghiệm về đánh giá tác động dòng khí hóa sau đốt
mô tả các thí nghiệm về đánh giá tác động dòng khí hóa sau đốt
JAK STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY
- 1. JAKSTATSIGNALING PATHWAY RANA SAHA B.PHARM. NSHM KNOWLEDGE CAMPUS, KOLKATA
- 2. JAK-STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a chain of interactions between proteins in a cell, and is involved in processes such as immunity, cell division, cell death and tumor formation. The pathway communicates information from chemical signals outside of a cell to the cell nucleus, resulting in the activation of genes through a process called transcription. There are three key parts of JAK-STAT signaling: Janus kinases (JAKs), Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription proteins (STATs), and receptors (which bind the chemical signals). Disrupted JAK-STAT signaling may lead to a variety of diseases, such as skin conditions, cancers, and disorders affecting the immune system.
- 3. MECHANISM OF SIGNALLING JAK-Familyofcytoplasmicnon-receptor tyrosinekinases whichgetactivated afterthebindingofacytokine tothecell- surfacecytokine receptor. STAT-Familyoftranscription factorsthatbecomeactivated whenoneofthetyrosineresiduesisphosphorylated byJAK. STAT3dimersthentranslocate fromthecytoplasm intothe nucleus–bindtoInterferon-stimulated ResponseElements. Cellularresponsestodozensofcytokines andgrowth factorsaremediated bytheevolutionarily conserved.
- 7. Essential for numerous developmental and homeostatic processes, including hematopoiesis, immune cell development, stem cell maintenance, organismal growth, and mammary gland development. Human JAK mutation s cause numerous diseases, including SCID, hyper IgE syndrome, certain leukemias, polycythemia vera, and other myeloproliferative disorders. Small molecular weight cell membrane- permeable drugs that target this pathways have been developed for leukemia therapy. (JAK Inhibitors)