Iron deficiency anemia
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The document discusses the definition and causes of anemia. It notes that anemia occurs when blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to tissues. Some key groups at higher risk include pregnant women, young children, lactating women, and those with nutrient deficiencies. Symptoms can include pale skin, fatigue, and digestive issues. Diagnosis involves blood tests to check red blood cell counts and iron levels. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause such as nutritional deficiencies, and may include iron supplements, dietary changes, and blood transfusions in severe cases.
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Iron deficiency anemia
- 2. The measure of sincerity of a person is his devotion towards his God. A person not sincere to his creator can never be faithful to people…
- 3. BY DR. PIRAH KORAI fcPs-II tRAInee cmc lARKAnA
- 4. Definition of anemia Iron metabolism Etiology Groups at higher risk Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Complications
- 5. ANEMIAANEMIA is defined as the condition inis defined as the condition in which blood lacks adequatewhich blood lacks adequate healthy RBCs which carryhealthy RBCs which carry O2 to tissues.O2 to tissues.
- 8. NORMAL IRON DEPLETION IRON DEFICIENT ERYTHROGENESI S IDA SERUM FERRITIN 50-300 µg/l MARROW IRON STORAGE 2+ ABSENT ABSENT SERUM IRON 50-150 µg/dl NORMAL TOTAL IRON BINDING CAPACITY 250-450 µg/dl NORMAL % IRON SATURATION OF TRANSFERIN 25-50 25-50 <15 <10 SIDEROBLAST 40% 40% <10% <5% RBCs MORPHOLOGY NORMAL NORMAL NORMAL MICROCYTIC HYPOCHROMIC
- 9. 1) Blood loss a) Menorrhagia b) Chronic internal bleeding ~ A bleeding ulcer, colon, polyps, CA ~ Regular use of NSAIDs ~ Hookworm infestation ~ Severe injury or surgery 2) Decreased Iron intake 3) Decreased Iron absorption a) Intestinal disorders ~ Crohn’s disease ~ Celiac disease b) Regular use of stomach acid blockers c) certain foods like milk, tea, coffee 4) Increased Iron requirement juvenile age, pregnancy, lactation
- 11. Pregnant women Children < 2 years laCtating women severely malnourishe d Children < 5 years vegetarians GROUPS AT RISK
- 12. Anemia in pregnancy is multifactoral in etiology mainly caused by deficiency of iron & folic acid. ½ of all pregnant ladies develop IDA. The condition can increase a pregnant women’s risk for: premature birth low birth weight
- 14. Iron is an essential nutrition not only for growth, health & survival of children but also for the development & cognitive functioning. IDA is significantly associated with poorer learning ability, altering motor functioning & behavioral changes. IDA has a -ve effect on physical growth.
- 17. CHARACTERISTICS SYMPTOMS GlOSSITIS, STOMATITIS dYSPHAGIA duE TO fORMATIOn Of ESOPHAGEAl wEbS ( PluMMER-VInSOn SYndROME ) ATROPHIC GASTRITIS dRY, PAlE SkIn kOIlOnYCHIAS bluE SClERAE HAIR lOSS PICA (APPETITE fOR nOn fOOd SubSTAnCES SuCH AS An ICE, flOOR, ClAY) RESTlESS lEGS SYndROME SPlEnOMEGAlY ( 10% ) InCREASEd PlATElET COunT
- 21. Absence of stainable iron High cellularity Mild to moderate erythroid hyperplasia (25-35%; N 16 – 18%) Polychromatic and pyknotic cytoplasm of erythroblasts is vacuolated and irregular in outline (micronormoblastic erythropoiesis)
- 22. Reticulocyte count Hematodrit Serum Ferritin Serum iron level Transferin level Total iron binding capacity(TIBC) Hemoglobin electrophoresis Endoscopy Colonoscopy
- 24. fInd THE CAuSE & TREAT IT Nutritional & dietary supplementation Iron Vitamin c Epoetin Gynecological approach Medical & surgical procedures
- 25. ANIMAL SOURCE Red meat e.g. beef, liver Chicken, turkey, fish, shell fish, pork Egg PLANT SOURCE Spinach, peas & other dark green leafy vegetables Peanuts, peanut butter, almonds Dried fruits such as raisins, apricots, peaches
- 26. MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS ORAL iron supplements, usually with iron (II) sulfate, ferrous gluconate, or iron amino acid chelate ferrous bisglycinate, synthetic chelate NaFerredetate, EDTA . PARANTERAL iron dextran ( using a drip or hemodialysis )
- 28. Sources are: Citrus fruits e.g. orange, grape fruits Vegetables e.g. broccoli, tomatoes, potatoes, cabbage, leafy green vegetables
- 30. COMPLICATIONS Heart problems Problems during pregnancy Growth problems
- 31. “Whether you believe in God or not does not matter so much, whether you believe in Islam or not does not matter so much. You must lead a good life, that should be the matter of fact...”