1. The document presents a review of studies on the stress-strain behavior of standard and high-strength concrete. It discusses how decreasing the water-cement ratio and adding admixtures and superplasticizers can increase the strength of high-strength concrete compared to standard concrete.
2. The stress-strain analysis allows designers to analyze the mechanical behavior of concrete and determine properties like modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio. It provides insight into the strain corresponding to stress.
3. High-strength concrete has applications in high-rise structures, columns, shear walls, and other structures where high loads are experienced. Proper mix design and materials are needed to achieve the strength of high-strength concrete.
IRJET-Effect of Aggregate Flakiness on the Compressive Strength and Workabili...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that will investigate the effect of flaky aggregate percentage (ranging from 20-70%) on the compressive strength and workability of concrete. 36 concrete cubes will be cast with varying flaky aggregate content and a water-cement ratio of 0.5. The cubes will be tested for compressive strength at 7 and 28 days. Previous studies have found that flaky aggregates increase voids and reduce strength and workability beyond a certain limit. It is expected that compressive strength will decrease as flaky aggregate percentage increases due to more voids, and that workability will also decrease with higher flaky content.
IRJET-Permeable Concrete as a Road PavementIRJET Journal
This document discusses permeable concrete as a potential pavement material. Permeable concrete contains voids that allow water to drain through it, addressing issues like waterlogging. It can reduce costs by eliminating needs for drainage systems. The document reviews studies on permeable concrete properties like strength and permeability. Mix designs are presented and tested, with a 4.5:1:0.4 aggregate-cement-water ratio found to produce the highest strength. Permeable concrete is found to be suitable for low-traffic rural roads but lacks strength for high-traffic areas. It has benefits like groundwater recharge if implemented but requires more study.
This document discusses a study on the effect of using Sudanese aggregates and supplementary cementitious materials like silica fume and fly ash to produce high strength concrete. Hundreds of concrete specimens with different mixtures of local materials, silica fume, fly ash, and water-cement ratios were tested to determine compressive strength and workability. The results showed that local Sudanese materials can be used to successfully produce concrete with a compressive strength of 80 MPa when combined with supplementary cementitious materials. Water-cement ratio had an inverse relationship with compressive strength. Silica fume improved short and long-term concrete properties while fly ash inversely affected 28-day strength. The study aims to provide insights for producing
Strength And Workability Characteristics Of Super Plasticized Concrete.AshishVivekSukh
The aim of this project is to study the workability and strength characteristics of superplasticized concrete. The investigation is carried out using workability test, compressive strength test, split tensile test and modulus of elasticity test.
IRJET- Impact of Cold Weather on Workability, Compressive and Flexural Streng...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the impact of cold weather on the workability, compressive strength, and flexural strength of concrete. Tests were conducted on concrete mixtures at temperatures below 5°C and at 25°C for comparison. The results showed that cold weather reduced the workability by 17% and compressive strength by up to 21% compared to standard temperature. Flexural strength was also lower, with reductions of up to 25% after 7 days. The document concludes that cold weather significantly affects the properties of concrete and recommends procedures to minimize these impacts during cold weather concreting.
IRJET- A Review Paper on Experimental Investigation of Crumb Rubber ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document reviews previous experimental work on crumb rubber concrete. It summarizes several studies that investigated replacing natural aggregates or mixtures with crumb rubber. The studies found that compressive strength generally decreased as crumb rubber content increased but durability properties like resistance to freezing/thawing and sulfate attack improved. Some studies found that pretreating the crumb rubber with chemicals or coatings could minimize strength reductions. Replacing up to 20% of fine aggregates or 5% of total mixtures with crumb rubber produced acceptable strength properties for some applications while improving sustainability by using waste tire material.
Study of Macro level Properties of SCC using GGBS and Lime stone powderIJERD Editor
The document summarizes a study on the use of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and limestone powder to replace cement in self-compacting concrete (SCC). Tests were conducted on SCC mixes with 0-50% replacement of cement with GGBS and 0-20% replacement with limestone powder. The results showed that replacing 30% of cement with GGBS and 15% with limestone powder produced SCC with the highest compressive strength of 46MPa, meeting fresh property requirements. The study concluded that this ternary blend of cement, GGBS and limestone powder can improve SCC properties while reducing costs.
Study on Alccofine based High Strength Self-compacting Fibrous Concrete- A re...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on alccofine-based high strength self-compacting fibrous concrete. It begins with an introduction to high strength concrete, fibrous concrete, self-compacting concrete, and the benefits of fibrous reinforced self-compacting concrete. It then summarizes 13 research papers on topics including replacing aggregates with waste materials, using hybrid fibers, determining optimal fiber contents, and using mineral admixtures like fly ash and alccofine. The conclusion discusses how alccofine can increase self-compatibility and early strength of self-compacting concrete mixes and how fibers can improve tensile strength, ductility, and crack resistance.
IRJET-Effect of Aggregate Flakiness on the Compressive Strength and Workabili...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that will investigate the effect of flaky aggregate percentage (ranging from 20-70%) on the compressive strength and workability of concrete. 36 concrete cubes will be cast with varying flaky aggregate content and a water-cement ratio of 0.5. The cubes will be tested for compressive strength at 7 and 28 days. Previous studies have found that flaky aggregates increase voids and reduce strength and workability beyond a certain limit. It is expected that compressive strength will decrease as flaky aggregate percentage increases due to more voids, and that workability will also decrease with higher flaky content.
IRJET-Permeable Concrete as a Road PavementIRJET Journal
This document discusses permeable concrete as a potential pavement material. Permeable concrete contains voids that allow water to drain through it, addressing issues like waterlogging. It can reduce costs by eliminating needs for drainage systems. The document reviews studies on permeable concrete properties like strength and permeability. Mix designs are presented and tested, with a 4.5:1:0.4 aggregate-cement-water ratio found to produce the highest strength. Permeable concrete is found to be suitable for low-traffic rural roads but lacks strength for high-traffic areas. It has benefits like groundwater recharge if implemented but requires more study.
This document discusses a study on the effect of using Sudanese aggregates and supplementary cementitious materials like silica fume and fly ash to produce high strength concrete. Hundreds of concrete specimens with different mixtures of local materials, silica fume, fly ash, and water-cement ratios were tested to determine compressive strength and workability. The results showed that local Sudanese materials can be used to successfully produce concrete with a compressive strength of 80 MPa when combined with supplementary cementitious materials. Water-cement ratio had an inverse relationship with compressive strength. Silica fume improved short and long-term concrete properties while fly ash inversely affected 28-day strength. The study aims to provide insights for producing
Strength And Workability Characteristics Of Super Plasticized Concrete.AshishVivekSukh
The aim of this project is to study the workability and strength characteristics of superplasticized concrete. The investigation is carried out using workability test, compressive strength test, split tensile test and modulus of elasticity test.
IRJET- Impact of Cold Weather on Workability, Compressive and Flexural Streng...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the impact of cold weather on the workability, compressive strength, and flexural strength of concrete. Tests were conducted on concrete mixtures at temperatures below 5°C and at 25°C for comparison. The results showed that cold weather reduced the workability by 17% and compressive strength by up to 21% compared to standard temperature. Flexural strength was also lower, with reductions of up to 25% after 7 days. The document concludes that cold weather significantly affects the properties of concrete and recommends procedures to minimize these impacts during cold weather concreting.
IRJET- A Review Paper on Experimental Investigation of Crumb Rubber ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document reviews previous experimental work on crumb rubber concrete. It summarizes several studies that investigated replacing natural aggregates or mixtures with crumb rubber. The studies found that compressive strength generally decreased as crumb rubber content increased but durability properties like resistance to freezing/thawing and sulfate attack improved. Some studies found that pretreating the crumb rubber with chemicals or coatings could minimize strength reductions. Replacing up to 20% of fine aggregates or 5% of total mixtures with crumb rubber produced acceptable strength properties for some applications while improving sustainability by using waste tire material.
Study of Macro level Properties of SCC using GGBS and Lime stone powderIJERD Editor
The document summarizes a study on the use of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and limestone powder to replace cement in self-compacting concrete (SCC). Tests were conducted on SCC mixes with 0-50% replacement of cement with GGBS and 0-20% replacement with limestone powder. The results showed that replacing 30% of cement with GGBS and 15% with limestone powder produced SCC with the highest compressive strength of 46MPa, meeting fresh property requirements. The study concluded that this ternary blend of cement, GGBS and limestone powder can improve SCC properties while reducing costs.
Study on Alccofine based High Strength Self-compacting Fibrous Concrete- A re...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on alccofine-based high strength self-compacting fibrous concrete. It begins with an introduction to high strength concrete, fibrous concrete, self-compacting concrete, and the benefits of fibrous reinforced self-compacting concrete. It then summarizes 13 research papers on topics including replacing aggregates with waste materials, using hybrid fibers, determining optimal fiber contents, and using mineral admixtures like fly ash and alccofine. The conclusion discusses how alccofine can increase self-compatibility and early strength of self-compacting concrete mixes and how fibers can improve tensile strength, ductility, and crack resistance.
Concrete structure quality control in practiceHachnayen
This document discusses quality control in concrete structures construction in Bangladesh. It identifies common causes of early concrete deterioration such as unwashed aggregates, muddy water, and excess water in mixes. It emphasizes the importance of contractor quality control plans, proper design documentation by construction engineers, and quality procedures during all stages of mixing, placing, compacting and curing concrete. Adhering to quality control can prevent errors and reduce maintenance costs by ensuring strict monitoring and rectification of faults during construction.
Self compacting concrete for slip form pavingeSAT Journals
This document summarizes research on developing self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixes suitable for slip form paving applications. It describes a study that designed 9 SCC mixes with different cement replacements (GGBS, alccofine, metakaolin) to evaluate their fresh and hardened properties. A mini-paver system was used to simulate slip form paving in the laboratory. Test results on the mixes' flowability, green strength, and compressive strength are discussed to evaluate their potential for slip form paving construction.
Experimental Study on Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement with GGBS a...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigated the effect of partially replacing cement with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and river sand with steel slag on the compressive strength of concrete. Concrete cubes of M20 grade were cast by replacing cement with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% GGBS and river sand with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% steel slag. Compressive strength tests at 7 and 28 days showed that concrete with 15% GGBS replacement of cement and 30% steel slag replacement of river sand achieved the highest compressive strength compared to other mixes and the control concrete. Therefore, the optimal mix was determined to be 15% GGBS and 30% steel
Minor Report file - To understand the behavior of strength and workability b...suraj jha
This document provides information on materials and methods used to study the compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength of concrete containing hypo sludge. It describes the cement, coarse aggregates, and fine aggregates used, including their properties and testing. Cement used was OPC 43 grade. Coarse aggregates were 20mm crushed stone aggregates. Fine aggregates were natural sand conforming to zone II grading as per BIS standards. Methods for mixing, casting, and curing concrete specimens containing varying percentages of hypo sludge are described.
INFLUENCE OF VISCOSCITY MODIFYING ADMIXTURES ON FRESH AND HARDENED PROPERTIES...Ijripublishers Ijri
The use of self-compacting concrete (scc) in general building and civil engineering constructions is becoming popular
over the years ever since it was invented and guide-lines have been formulated by the efnarc (european federation of
national association representing concrete) in 2005. Although in india, we do not have any specific codal provisions for
scc similar to normal concrete, considerable research has been done in both development of scc and its applications with
various admixtures and fibers to enhance the properties of scc in hardened state. As scc is very sensitive to variations
in moisture content and gradation of aggregates, construction sites face difficulties in free flow of scc.
Experimental Investigation of High – Strength Characteristics of Self Curing ...IJMTST Journal
In concrete structures exposed to the ambient air at early ages, the moisture content in concrete
decreases due to moisture diffusion. In addition, self-desiccation due to hydration of cement causes an
additional decrease of moisture content in concrete at early ages, especially for high-strength concrete. In this
study, the internal relative humidity in drying concrete specimens was measured at early ages. Furthermore,
the variation of relative humidity due to self-desiccation in sealed specimen was measured. The moisture
distribution in low-strength concrete with high water/cement ratio was mostly influenced by moisture
diffusion due to drying rather than self-desiccation. In high-strength concrete with low water/cement ratio,
however, self-desiccation had a considerable influence on moisture distribution. The results obtained from
the moisture diffusion theory were in good agreement with experimental results.
A Review Paper on Permeable Concrete as a Road PavementIRJET Journal
This document reviews permeable concrete as a road pavement material. It summarizes several studies that have examined the properties and effectiveness of permeable concrete. Permeable concrete allows water to drain through it, reducing runoff. It has been found to have sufficient strength for low traffic areas but lacks the high strength required for heavily trafficked roads. The document outlines the composition and properties of permeable concrete, including its lower density and strength compared to conventional concrete due to higher porosity. Several studies are reviewed that examined the compressive strength, tensile strength, and effects of curing methods on permeable concrete. The objectives and future scope of additional research on permeable concrete's durability and impact resistance are also discussed.
IRJET-A Survey on Different Ways of Secure Image TransmissionIRJET Journal
This document discusses the influence of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) on the performance of high performance concrete. It summarizes research which found that replacing a portion of cement with GGBS improved workability, strength properties, and durability characteristics of concrete. Compressive strength was found to increase up to 8% replacement of cement with GGBS due to pozzolanic reactions and filler effect, but strength decreased at replacements over 8% due to dilution of cement. The research concluded that GGBS is an effective supplementary cementitious material to improve concrete performance when replacing up to 8% of cement by weight.
IRJET- A Review on “Partial Replacement of Cement and Fine Aggregate by Al...IRJET Journal
This document reviews research on using copper slag and artificial aggregate as partial replacements for cement and fine aggregate in concrete. It summarizes several studies that found:
1) Replacing 20% of cement and fine aggregate with copper slag and ceramic powder increased compressive strength by around 36%.
2) Replacing 40% of fine aggregate with copper slag increased compressive strength by 17.5% while maintaining workability.
3) Using 20% copper slag as a partial cement replacement achieved a compressive strength of 85% of a reference mix without copper slag.
4) Compressive strength increased up to a 80% replacement of fine aggregate with copper slag and ferrous slag.
The Experimental Study and Behaviour of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Ce...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on the behaviour of concrete with partial replacement of cement with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and fine aggregate with copper slag. Concrete cubes, cylinders and prisms were cast with 0-15% replacement of cement with GGBS and 0-30% replacement of fine aggregate with copper slag. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of the specimens were tested after 7 and 28 days of curing and compared to controlled concrete. The optimal replacement percentages found were 30% fine aggregate replaced with copper slag and 15% cement replaced with GGBS, which showed improvements in strength properties over controlled concrete.
IRJET-Marsh Cone Analysis of Ternary Blended Mixes with Retarding Superplasti...IRJET Journal
This study examines the compatibility of ternary blended concrete mixes containing ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and Alccofine with polycarboxylic ether (PCE) based retarding superplasticizers. Marsh cone tests were conducted to analyze the flow characteristics and determine the optimum dosage of admixtures in the blended mixes. The results showed that most blended mixes were compatible with PCE admixtures at dosages of 0.6-1.1% and increasing the mineral admixture content increased the flow time.
Experimental Study on Performance of Metakaolin in Pervious ConcreteYogeshIJTSRD
This study examines the effect of adding metakaolin at different percentages on the compressive strength of pervious concrete. Pervious concrete is a type of concrete with high porosity that allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. Metakaolin was added at 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% of the concrete weight. Concrete cubes were made and tested for compressive strength after 7 and 28 days of curing. The results showed that compressive strength generally increased with metakaolin content up to 2%, with the 2% mix achieving the highest strength of 21.2 MPa at 28 days. Above 2%, the strength decreased slightly. Therefore, adding up to 2% metakaolin improved the
THEORETICAL BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION PRECAST REACTIVE POWDER RC GIR...IAEME Publication
This study displays numerically (or theoretically) investigation by using the finite element models for experimental work of composite behavior for hybrid reinforced concrete slab on girder from locale material in Iraq, ordinary concrete in slab and reactive powder concrete in girder, RPC, with steel fibers of different types (straight, hook, and mix between its), tested as simply supported span subjected under two point loading. Which ANSYS version 15.0 is utilized. By studying the compatibility between the experimental results and the theoretical results. As well as, parametric study of many others variables are investigated by using ANSYS (version 15.0), such as: changing the compressive strength of the slab, changing the main reinforcement of the girder, and changing thickness of resin bond layer between girder and slab.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document summarizes a comparative study on the use of glass powder as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Glass powder and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) were used as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in concrete mixes at varying percentages to replace cement. Concrete cubes were cast with different mix designs and tested for compressive strength at 3, 7, and 28 days. Initial strength gains at 3 days were lower for mixes containing GGBS but strengths were equivalent to the control mix at 7 days. Based on results so far, replacing up to 50% of cement with a combination of 15% GGBS and 35% glass powder produced concrete with satisfactory workability and comparable compressive strength to
IRJET- Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Concrete with Partial...IRJET Journal
1) The study experimentally investigates the strength properties of concrete with partial replacement of cement by Alccofine and replacement of river sand by manufactured sand (m-sand).
2) Compressive and flexural strengths were tested on cubes and beams at 7 and 28 days of curing.
3) The results show that concrete made with 20% replacement of cement by Alccofine exhibited the highest strength increase of 19.68% for compressive strength and 11.07% for flexural strength compared to the control mix.
4) Replacement of river sand by m-sand did not significantly reduce the strength properties of concrete.
1) The document presents a study on the mix design parameters of high strength concrete using iso-strength lines.
2) Sixteen concrete mixes were designed with water-binder ratios ranging from 0.30 to 0.42 and silica fume replacements ranging from 0 to 15%.
3) Regression analysis was used to develop relationships between slump, water content, and compressive strength at various ages for the different mixes. Iso-strength lines were plotted to predict strength based on water-binder ratio and silica fume content.
Experimental investigation on effect of mineral admixtures on high performanc...eSAT Journals
Abstract Now a day's high performance concrete is globally used in the infrastructure industry for strong and durable structure, to produced high performance concrete various supplementary cementitious material are used as mineral admixture. This research involves the use of Fly ash, Alccofine and Silica fume at various proportions to enhance the compressive strength of high performance concrete. the investigation was carried out by replacing 10% fly ash along with 17% of alccofine and 10% fly ash along with 17% of silica fume by weight of cementitious material. To cover a wide range of compressive strength of concrete various water binder ratio (W/b) of 0.25, 0.3 and 0.35 were used. The effect of various parameters such as percentage replacement of mineral admixture, water to binder ratio and corresponding compressive strength is studied on fresh and hardened state of concrete. The study mainly consisted of establishing relation between these parameters graphically. Investigation demonstrates that alcofine performs batter than that of silica fume along with fly ash in fresh and harden state of concrete. Keywords: High Performance Concrete, Fly Ash, Alccofine, Silica Fume, workability, Compressive strength
IRJET- Flexural Behaviour of RCC Beam with Partial Replacement of Fine Aggreg...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete (RCC) beams with partial replacement of natural river sand with manufactured sand (M-sand) as fine aggregate. Three RCC beam sections were tested: under-reinforced, balanced, and over-reinforced. Beams were cast with 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% replacement of natural sand with M-sand. Compressive strength cubes were also cast to determine the maximum replacement level. The beams were tested under two-point loading to examine their flexural behavior, load carrying capacity, cracking patterns, and deflection. The results were compared to analyze the behavior and performance of beams made with M-sand versus natural sand. The objective was
Effect of Super Absorbant Polymer in ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the effect of adding super absorbent polymer (SAP) to concrete. SAP is able to absorb large amounts of water and helps reduce water usage in concrete production. The study looked at adding SAP dosages between 0.15-0.60% by weight of cement to concrete mixtures and testing the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths after 3, 7, and 28 days of curing. The results showed concrete with 0.3% SAP dosage provided the highest strengths. Using SAP can improve concrete properties and reduce cracking by internally curing the concrete from absorbed water during hydration.
IRJET- Study on Mechanical Propertiesof Polymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the mechanical properties of polymer concrete. Specifically, it examines how adding different polymers to concrete impacts properties like compressive strength, tensile strength, and workability. Concrete cubes and beams were produced using cement, aggregates, and various polymers like polyvinyl chloride, styrene butadiene rubber latex, polystyrene, and polypropylene. Tests on the samples found that adding 10% styrene butadiene rubber latex increased compressive and tensile strengths the most compared to other polymers and plain concrete. Workability was highest with 15% styrene butadiene rubber latex. The study concludes certain polymers like polyvinyl chloride and styrene butadiene rubber latex can improve
Effect of Fly Ash on Mechanical Properties of High Strength ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the effect of fly ash on the mechanical properties of high strength concrete. Concrete cubes, beams, and cylinders were cast with different percentages of fly ash replacement (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%) and tested at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and sorptivity decreased as the percentage of fly ash replacement increased compared to normal concrete. However, fly ash concrete can still achieve the required strengths for its applications with the right mix design and percentages. The study aims to determine the optimum fly ash content for high strength concrete.
Concrete structure quality control in practiceHachnayen
This document discusses quality control in concrete structures construction in Bangladesh. It identifies common causes of early concrete deterioration such as unwashed aggregates, muddy water, and excess water in mixes. It emphasizes the importance of contractor quality control plans, proper design documentation by construction engineers, and quality procedures during all stages of mixing, placing, compacting and curing concrete. Adhering to quality control can prevent errors and reduce maintenance costs by ensuring strict monitoring and rectification of faults during construction.
Self compacting concrete for slip form pavingeSAT Journals
This document summarizes research on developing self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixes suitable for slip form paving applications. It describes a study that designed 9 SCC mixes with different cement replacements (GGBS, alccofine, metakaolin) to evaluate their fresh and hardened properties. A mini-paver system was used to simulate slip form paving in the laboratory. Test results on the mixes' flowability, green strength, and compressive strength are discussed to evaluate their potential for slip form paving construction.
Experimental Study on Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement with GGBS a...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigated the effect of partially replacing cement with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and river sand with steel slag on the compressive strength of concrete. Concrete cubes of M20 grade were cast by replacing cement with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% GGBS and river sand with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% steel slag. Compressive strength tests at 7 and 28 days showed that concrete with 15% GGBS replacement of cement and 30% steel slag replacement of river sand achieved the highest compressive strength compared to other mixes and the control concrete. Therefore, the optimal mix was determined to be 15% GGBS and 30% steel
Minor Report file - To understand the behavior of strength and workability b...suraj jha
This document provides information on materials and methods used to study the compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength of concrete containing hypo sludge. It describes the cement, coarse aggregates, and fine aggregates used, including their properties and testing. Cement used was OPC 43 grade. Coarse aggregates were 20mm crushed stone aggregates. Fine aggregates were natural sand conforming to zone II grading as per BIS standards. Methods for mixing, casting, and curing concrete specimens containing varying percentages of hypo sludge are described.
INFLUENCE OF VISCOSCITY MODIFYING ADMIXTURES ON FRESH AND HARDENED PROPERTIES...Ijripublishers Ijri
The use of self-compacting concrete (scc) in general building and civil engineering constructions is becoming popular
over the years ever since it was invented and guide-lines have been formulated by the efnarc (european federation of
national association representing concrete) in 2005. Although in india, we do not have any specific codal provisions for
scc similar to normal concrete, considerable research has been done in both development of scc and its applications with
various admixtures and fibers to enhance the properties of scc in hardened state. As scc is very sensitive to variations
in moisture content and gradation of aggregates, construction sites face difficulties in free flow of scc.
Experimental Investigation of High – Strength Characteristics of Self Curing ...IJMTST Journal
In concrete structures exposed to the ambient air at early ages, the moisture content in concrete
decreases due to moisture diffusion. In addition, self-desiccation due to hydration of cement causes an
additional decrease of moisture content in concrete at early ages, especially for high-strength concrete. In this
study, the internal relative humidity in drying concrete specimens was measured at early ages. Furthermore,
the variation of relative humidity due to self-desiccation in sealed specimen was measured. The moisture
distribution in low-strength concrete with high water/cement ratio was mostly influenced by moisture
diffusion due to drying rather than self-desiccation. In high-strength concrete with low water/cement ratio,
however, self-desiccation had a considerable influence on moisture distribution. The results obtained from
the moisture diffusion theory were in good agreement with experimental results.
A Review Paper on Permeable Concrete as a Road PavementIRJET Journal
This document reviews permeable concrete as a road pavement material. It summarizes several studies that have examined the properties and effectiveness of permeable concrete. Permeable concrete allows water to drain through it, reducing runoff. It has been found to have sufficient strength for low traffic areas but lacks the high strength required for heavily trafficked roads. The document outlines the composition and properties of permeable concrete, including its lower density and strength compared to conventional concrete due to higher porosity. Several studies are reviewed that examined the compressive strength, tensile strength, and effects of curing methods on permeable concrete. The objectives and future scope of additional research on permeable concrete's durability and impact resistance are also discussed.
IRJET-A Survey on Different Ways of Secure Image TransmissionIRJET Journal
This document discusses the influence of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) on the performance of high performance concrete. It summarizes research which found that replacing a portion of cement with GGBS improved workability, strength properties, and durability characteristics of concrete. Compressive strength was found to increase up to 8% replacement of cement with GGBS due to pozzolanic reactions and filler effect, but strength decreased at replacements over 8% due to dilution of cement. The research concluded that GGBS is an effective supplementary cementitious material to improve concrete performance when replacing up to 8% of cement by weight.
IRJET- A Review on “Partial Replacement of Cement and Fine Aggregate by Al...IRJET Journal
This document reviews research on using copper slag and artificial aggregate as partial replacements for cement and fine aggregate in concrete. It summarizes several studies that found:
1) Replacing 20% of cement and fine aggregate with copper slag and ceramic powder increased compressive strength by around 36%.
2) Replacing 40% of fine aggregate with copper slag increased compressive strength by 17.5% while maintaining workability.
3) Using 20% copper slag as a partial cement replacement achieved a compressive strength of 85% of a reference mix without copper slag.
4) Compressive strength increased up to a 80% replacement of fine aggregate with copper slag and ferrous slag.
The Experimental Study and Behaviour of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Ce...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on the behaviour of concrete with partial replacement of cement with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and fine aggregate with copper slag. Concrete cubes, cylinders and prisms were cast with 0-15% replacement of cement with GGBS and 0-30% replacement of fine aggregate with copper slag. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of the specimens were tested after 7 and 28 days of curing and compared to controlled concrete. The optimal replacement percentages found were 30% fine aggregate replaced with copper slag and 15% cement replaced with GGBS, which showed improvements in strength properties over controlled concrete.
IRJET-Marsh Cone Analysis of Ternary Blended Mixes with Retarding Superplasti...IRJET Journal
This study examines the compatibility of ternary blended concrete mixes containing ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and Alccofine with polycarboxylic ether (PCE) based retarding superplasticizers. Marsh cone tests were conducted to analyze the flow characteristics and determine the optimum dosage of admixtures in the blended mixes. The results showed that most blended mixes were compatible with PCE admixtures at dosages of 0.6-1.1% and increasing the mineral admixture content increased the flow time.
Experimental Study on Performance of Metakaolin in Pervious ConcreteYogeshIJTSRD
This study examines the effect of adding metakaolin at different percentages on the compressive strength of pervious concrete. Pervious concrete is a type of concrete with high porosity that allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. Metakaolin was added at 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% of the concrete weight. Concrete cubes were made and tested for compressive strength after 7 and 28 days of curing. The results showed that compressive strength generally increased with metakaolin content up to 2%, with the 2% mix achieving the highest strength of 21.2 MPa at 28 days. Above 2%, the strength decreased slightly. Therefore, adding up to 2% metakaolin improved the
THEORETICAL BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION PRECAST REACTIVE POWDER RC GIR...IAEME Publication
This study displays numerically (or theoretically) investigation by using the finite element models for experimental work of composite behavior for hybrid reinforced concrete slab on girder from locale material in Iraq, ordinary concrete in slab and reactive powder concrete in girder, RPC, with steel fibers of different types (straight, hook, and mix between its), tested as simply supported span subjected under two point loading. Which ANSYS version 15.0 is utilized. By studying the compatibility between the experimental results and the theoretical results. As well as, parametric study of many others variables are investigated by using ANSYS (version 15.0), such as: changing the compressive strength of the slab, changing the main reinforcement of the girder, and changing thickness of resin bond layer between girder and slab.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document summarizes a comparative study on the use of glass powder as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Glass powder and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) were used as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in concrete mixes at varying percentages to replace cement. Concrete cubes were cast with different mix designs and tested for compressive strength at 3, 7, and 28 days. Initial strength gains at 3 days were lower for mixes containing GGBS but strengths were equivalent to the control mix at 7 days. Based on results so far, replacing up to 50% of cement with a combination of 15% GGBS and 35% glass powder produced concrete with satisfactory workability and comparable compressive strength to
IRJET- Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Concrete with Partial...IRJET Journal
1) The study experimentally investigates the strength properties of concrete with partial replacement of cement by Alccofine and replacement of river sand by manufactured sand (m-sand).
2) Compressive and flexural strengths were tested on cubes and beams at 7 and 28 days of curing.
3) The results show that concrete made with 20% replacement of cement by Alccofine exhibited the highest strength increase of 19.68% for compressive strength and 11.07% for flexural strength compared to the control mix.
4) Replacement of river sand by m-sand did not significantly reduce the strength properties of concrete.
1) The document presents a study on the mix design parameters of high strength concrete using iso-strength lines.
2) Sixteen concrete mixes were designed with water-binder ratios ranging from 0.30 to 0.42 and silica fume replacements ranging from 0 to 15%.
3) Regression analysis was used to develop relationships between slump, water content, and compressive strength at various ages for the different mixes. Iso-strength lines were plotted to predict strength based on water-binder ratio and silica fume content.
Experimental investigation on effect of mineral admixtures on high performanc...eSAT Journals
Abstract Now a day's high performance concrete is globally used in the infrastructure industry for strong and durable structure, to produced high performance concrete various supplementary cementitious material are used as mineral admixture. This research involves the use of Fly ash, Alccofine and Silica fume at various proportions to enhance the compressive strength of high performance concrete. the investigation was carried out by replacing 10% fly ash along with 17% of alccofine and 10% fly ash along with 17% of silica fume by weight of cementitious material. To cover a wide range of compressive strength of concrete various water binder ratio (W/b) of 0.25, 0.3 and 0.35 were used. The effect of various parameters such as percentage replacement of mineral admixture, water to binder ratio and corresponding compressive strength is studied on fresh and hardened state of concrete. The study mainly consisted of establishing relation between these parameters graphically. Investigation demonstrates that alcofine performs batter than that of silica fume along with fly ash in fresh and harden state of concrete. Keywords: High Performance Concrete, Fly Ash, Alccofine, Silica Fume, workability, Compressive strength
IRJET- Flexural Behaviour of RCC Beam with Partial Replacement of Fine Aggreg...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete (RCC) beams with partial replacement of natural river sand with manufactured sand (M-sand) as fine aggregate. Three RCC beam sections were tested: under-reinforced, balanced, and over-reinforced. Beams were cast with 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% replacement of natural sand with M-sand. Compressive strength cubes were also cast to determine the maximum replacement level. The beams were tested under two-point loading to examine their flexural behavior, load carrying capacity, cracking patterns, and deflection. The results were compared to analyze the behavior and performance of beams made with M-sand versus natural sand. The objective was
Effect of Super Absorbant Polymer in ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the effect of adding super absorbent polymer (SAP) to concrete. SAP is able to absorb large amounts of water and helps reduce water usage in concrete production. The study looked at adding SAP dosages between 0.15-0.60% by weight of cement to concrete mixtures and testing the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths after 3, 7, and 28 days of curing. The results showed concrete with 0.3% SAP dosage provided the highest strengths. Using SAP can improve concrete properties and reduce cracking by internally curing the concrete from absorbed water during hydration.
IRJET- Study on Mechanical Propertiesof Polymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the mechanical properties of polymer concrete. Specifically, it examines how adding different polymers to concrete impacts properties like compressive strength, tensile strength, and workability. Concrete cubes and beams were produced using cement, aggregates, and various polymers like polyvinyl chloride, styrene butadiene rubber latex, polystyrene, and polypropylene. Tests on the samples found that adding 10% styrene butadiene rubber latex increased compressive and tensile strengths the most compared to other polymers and plain concrete. Workability was highest with 15% styrene butadiene rubber latex. The study concludes certain polymers like polyvinyl chloride and styrene butadiene rubber latex can improve
Effect of Fly Ash on Mechanical Properties of High Strength ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the effect of fly ash on the mechanical properties of high strength concrete. Concrete cubes, beams, and cylinders were cast with different percentages of fly ash replacement (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%) and tested at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and sorptivity decreased as the percentage of fly ash replacement increased compared to normal concrete. However, fly ash concrete can still achieve the required strengths for its applications with the right mix design and percentages. The study aims to determine the optimum fly ash content for high strength concrete.
Enhancement in the Physical Properties of Concrete by Partial Replacement of ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on enhancing the physical properties of concrete by partially replacing cement and sand with hypo sludge and steel fiber while adding a superplasticizer. Hypo sludge is a waste material from the paper industry that is often disposed of in large amounts. The study aims to determine the optimum replacement of hypo sludge without significantly reducing the mechanical properties of the concrete. Various concrete mixes were prepared with different percentages of hypo sludge and steel fiber. The mixes were tested at 7 and 28 days to determine their compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths. The results showed that the addition of both hypo sludge and steel fiber can increase the strengths of concrete up to a certain point. The best combination was found to
Mechanical and Statistical Study of Seawater Mixed ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the mechanical and statistical properties of seawater mixed concrete. It aims to examine the impact of using seawater on the bond strength between rebar and concrete, and on the corrosion resistance of rebar. Various concrete mixes with different grades and corrosion inhibitors will be tested for properties like compression strength, bond strength, and sorptivity. The study seeks to determine if corrosion inhibitors can improve the bond strength and corrosion resistance of seawater mixed concrete.
IRJET- Study on Self Compacting Concrete using Recycled Aggregate as Part...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a study on the effects of adding marble dust and steel fibers to concrete. The study investigated the impact on compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength. Concrete cubes, cylinders, and beams were cast with varying percentages of marble dust replacing cement and steel fibers added. Testing at 28 days showed that replacing 10% of cement with marble dust and adding up to 1% steel fibers increased the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths of the concrete compared to normal concrete without additions. The optimal mix was found to be 10% marble dust and 1% steel fibers.
IRJET- Functionally Graded Concrete: An Experimental AnalysisIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental analysis of functionally graded concrete. Functionally graded concrete consists of concrete with varying material properties or compositions across its structure to optimize performance. The study investigated concrete mixtures with partial cement replacement using dolomite powder. Specimens including cubes, cylinders, and beams were cast with normal concrete in the compression zone and concrete with 20-40% dolomite-replaced cement in the tension zone. Testing showed that mixtures with 30% dolomite replacement and an interface at 75mm from the bottom achieved the highest compressive strength. Flexural strength was also highest for mixtures with a graded interface. The results indicate that functionally graded concrete is a promising alternative to conventional concrete.
This document provides a review of pervious concrete. It begins with an abstract that defines pervious concrete as a special type of concrete with a high porosity that allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. The document then reviews several studies on the properties and performance of pervious concrete, including its density, permeability, compressive strength, and ability to reduce stormwater runoff compared to traditional concrete. Key findings from the literature include that pervious concrete density and compressive strength increase as permeability decreases. The document also notes that pervious concrete can help recharge groundwater supplies and reduce the impact of development on vegetation.
IRJET - Effect of Mix Proportion on Compressive Strength and Permeability of ...IRJET Journal
The document investigates the effect of mix proportions on the compressive strength and permeability of pervious concrete. Compressive strength and permeability tests were conducted on samples with aggregate to cement ratios of 4:1, 6:1, 8:1 and 10:1 and water to cement ratios of 0.4 and 0.45. The results showed that as the aggregate to cement ratio increased, compressive strength decreased but permeability increased. Mixes with lower aggregate to cement ratios of 4:1 and 6:1 produced higher strength and lower permeability, making them suitable for applications requiring both properties. Mixes with higher ratios of 8:1 and 10:1 were better for applications requiring high permeability but lower strength.
Effect of Magnetized Water on Mechanical Properties of Foam ConcreteIRJET Journal
1. The document investigates the effect of using magnetized water on the properties of foam concrete.
2. Tests were conducted on foam concrete mixes using water passed through a magnetic field 2-15 times, finding that magnetized water improved foam stability, workability, strength, shrinkage resistance, and durability compared to regular water.
3. Compressive strengths were found to be 61%, 50%, and 39% higher at 7, 14, and 28 days for magnetized water mixes. Water absorption and shrinkage also decreased, while acid resistance, thermal insulation, and sound absorption increased with more magnetization.
Experimental Investigation on Durability Properties of Silica Fume blended Hi...IRJET Journal
This study investigated the strength and durability properties of silica fume blended high strength concrete (HSC). Three concrete mixes (M60, M70, M80) were prepared by replacing 15% of cement with silica fume. Compressive strength and sorpitivity tests were conducted on cubes and cylinders cured for 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed the M70 and M80 mixes achieved higher compressive strengths compared to M60, with M80 reaching 59.89 MPa and 80.09 MPa at 7 and 28 days. Sorpitivity tests found the rate of water penetration decreased with curing time for all mixes, indicating improved durability. The study demonstrated adding silica fume
IRJET- Effect of Recycled Coarse Aggregate on Compressive Strength and Fl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study on the effect of recycled coarse aggregate on the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete. The study involved replacing natural coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate from 0% to 100% in increments of 20%. The concrete mixtures were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days to determine the compressive strength and flexural strength. Previous studies have found that recycled aggregate concrete can achieve strength comparable to normal concrete, with an optimal replacement level of 20-40%. The properties of the recycled aggregate, including water absorption and specific gravity, were also examined.
IRJET- Optimization of Aggregate Gradation and its Effects on Properties of N...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation into optimizing aggregate gradation and its effects on the properties of normal strength concrete (M20). Six concrete mixes were prepared with different aggregate gradation parameters (N values) of 0.45, 0.55, 0.65, and 0.75 based on Talbot's grading curve, coarseness factor chart, and fineness modulus. Tests on fresh and hardened concrete properties like slump, compressive strength, rebound hammer, and water absorption were performed. The results showed that a mix with an N value of 0.45 achieved the highest compressive strength and workability, allowing a 15% reduction in cement content for M20 concrete. Optimizing the aggregate gradation through
IRJET- Literature Review of Polypropylene Fiber in M-50 Grade of Concrete in ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a literature review on using polypropylene fibers in M-50 grade concrete in different proportions. The review found that adding polypropylene fibers increased the concrete's shear strength, flexural strength, and abrasion resistance while reducing drying shrinkage and settlement without significantly impacting compressive strength. A testing program evaluated the compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength of concrete specimens made with different polypropylene fiber proportions. The optimum fiber content was found to be between 0.5-1.5% by volume.
An Experimental Investigation on Self Compacting Concrete with Artificial Fin...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on the properties of self-compacting concrete that uses artificial fine aggregate as a replacement for natural fine aggregate. The study tested different mixtures with cement replaced by fly ash, silica fume, and metakaolin. The concrete mixtures were tested for workability, mechanical properties like compressive strength, and durability properties like water absorption and acid resistance. The results showed that the artificial fine aggregate concrete mixtures met workability standards and had improved strength and durability compared to natural aggregate concrete.
Effects of Superplasticizers on Fresh and Hardened Portland Cement Concrete C...Fady M. A Hassouna
This document studied the effects of different dosages of superplasticizer on the properties of fresh and hardened concrete. Slump tests found that workability increased with higher dosages up to a point, beyond which it became undesirable. Compressive strength generally increased up to an optimum dosage of 1% for early strength and 3% for ultimate strength, beyond which strength decreased. The optimum dosages provided a good balance of workability and strength. The study concluded that superplasticizers can effectively increase strength and workability, but only up to a certain dosage, beyond which negative effects occur.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Metakaolin an...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study that evaluated the partial replacement of cement with metakaolin and bagasse ash in concrete mixtures. Puntke testing was conducted to determine the packing density of different cementitious material combinations. The study found that replacing cement with metakaolin and bagasse ash improved the workability, mechanical strengths, and durability of concrete. Specifically, the replacement materials increased the packing density of the mixtures, reduced thermal cracks, and improved compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths over time. The results indicate that metakaolin and bagasse ash can effectively be used as partial cement replacements in structural concrete.
IRJET- Evaluation of Concrete Properties with Impregnated Different PolymersIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study that evaluated the properties of concrete impregnated with different polymers. M30 grade concrete was prepared with polymers like SBR latex, polycarboxylate ether (PCE), and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The study tested the workability, strength, compaction, and flexural strength of the concrete mixes. Polymers can enhance concrete properties by reducing the water-cement ratio and improving hydration. The objective was to determine the effects of these different polymer types on the plasticity, curing, and strength of the concrete.
IRJET - A Review Paper on Comparative Study of Lightweight Concrete and Reinf...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of lightweight concrete and compares it to reinforced concrete. It discusses that lightweight concrete has a lower density than conventional concrete, which reduces dead load and transportation costs. The main types of lightweight concrete are no-fines concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete, and aerated concrete. The document summarizes several studies that found lightweight concrete to have lower compressive strength but adequate properties for structural use. It provides information on the density, modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, and other properties of lightweight concrete. The conclusion is that lightweight concrete is an economical alternative to normal weight concrete for construction.
Effect of Granite Powder and Polypropylene Fiber on Compressive, Split Tensil...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that examined the effects of adding granite powder and polypropylene fibers on the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths of concrete. Granite powder was used to replace river sand in proportions of 10%, 20%, and 30%. Polypropylene fibers made up 0.25% of the cement weight. Specimens were tested for strengths at 7, 28, and 56 days and after exposure to 300°C. Results showed that concrete with 20% granite powder replacement had improved compressive strength compared to normal concrete. The study aimed to develop more durable and heat-resistant concrete using industrial waste materials.
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TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...IJECEIAES
This research paper introduces an innovative modulation technique for controlling a 3-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter (FCMLI), aiming to streamline the modulation process in contrast to conventional methods. The proposed
simplified modulation technique paves the way for more straightforward and
efficient control of multilevel inverters, enabling their widespread adoption and
integration into modern power electronic systems. Through the amalgamation of
sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) with a high-frequency square wave
pulse, this controlling technique attains energy equilibrium across the coupling
capacitor. The modulation scheme incorporates a simplified switching pattern
and a decreased count of voltage references, thereby simplifying the control
algorithm.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.