This document provides a review of pervious concrete. It begins with an abstract that defines pervious concrete as a special type of concrete with a high porosity that allows water to pass through, reducing runoff. The document then reviews several studies on the properties and performance of pervious concrete, including its density, permeability, compressive strength, and ability to reduce stormwater runoff compared to traditional concrete. Key findings from the literature include that pervious concrete density and compressive strength increase as permeability decreases. The document also notes that pervious concrete can help recharge groundwater supplies and reduce the impact of development on vegetation.
Variation of Compressive strength and water absorption of concrete made by Tw...ijsrd.com
Nowadays construction materials are increasingly evaluated by their ecological characteristics. Concrete recycling gains importance because it protects natural resources and eliminates the need for disposal by using the readily available concrete as an aggregate source for new concrete or other applications. The concrete in this paper is produced by utilizing alternative and recycled waste materials such as fly ash and recycled concrete aggregates to reduce energy consumption, environmental impact, and usage of natural resources. The inferior quality of recycled aggregate (RA) has restricted its use to low-grade applications such as roadwork sub-base and pavements, while its adoption for higher-grade concrete is rare because of the lower compressive strength and higher variability in mechanical performance of RA. A new concrete mixing method, two-stage mixing approach (TSMA), was advocated to improve the quality of RA concrete (RAC) by splitting the mixing process into two parts. In the current paper we will discuss two parameters on which the concrete made by TSMA has been tested for strength characteristics viz. compressive strength and flexural strength. These parametric properties are compared with the conventional concrete with the variation of percentage of recycled coarse aggregates(RCA) and fly ash.
Performance of High Strength Concrete – Partially Replacing Fine Aggregate wi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that studied the use of manufactured sand (M-sand) as a partial replacement for natural sand in high-strength concrete. The researchers created concrete mixes with M-sand replacing natural sand at 20%, 40%, and 60% replacement rates. The mixes were tested to determine the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths. Previous studies have found that M-sand can provide up to 40% cost savings compared to natural sand and exhibits better physical properties for use in concrete. The aim of this study was to determine the optimum replacement level of natural sand with M-sand that provides the highest strengths for a M40 grade high-strength concrete mix.
Experimental Investigation on Durability Properties of Self Compacting Concre...IRJET Journal
The document discusses experimental investigation on the durability properties of self-compacting concrete by partially replacing fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). It provides background on self-compacting concrete and discusses guidelines and specifications for acceptance criteria. It then reviews several previous studies that investigated replacing natural aggregates or cement with recycled materials and assessed fresh and hardened concrete properties. The literature review found that replacement of up to 30% aggregates or cement resulted in only minor decreases in compressive strength while improving sustainability.
IRJET- Effect of Recycled Coarse Aggregate on Compressive Strength and Fl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study on the effect of recycled coarse aggregate on the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete. The study involved replacing natural coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate from 0% to 100% in increments of 20%. The concrete mixtures were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days to determine the compressive strength and flexural strength. Previous studies have found that recycled aggregate concrete can achieve strength comparable to normal concrete, with an optimal replacement level of 20-40%. The properties of the recycled aggregate, including water absorption and specific gravity, were also examined.
IRJET- Strength and Durability Studies on Concrete Made using Treated Recycle...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on improving the strength and durability of concrete made using treated recycled coarse and fine aggregates. The researchers investigated methods for treating demolished concrete aggregates to improve their physical and mechanical properties for use as replacements for natural aggregates in concrete. Specifically, they looked at chemical treatments like sodium silicate, lithium silicate, and colloidal silica dioxide to strengthen and densify the recycled aggregates. Testing showed that concrete made with coarse aggregate treated with lithium silicate and fine aggregate treated with colloidal silica dioxide performed as well as concrete with natural aggregates in terms of strength and durability. The goal of the research was to enable 100% utilization of recycled aggregates from demolished concrete in new concrete production.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON USAGE OF GREY WATER IN CONCRETE PRODUCTIONAbdulRazakBH
Abstract - An experimental study has been carried out to study the workability and strength behavior of concrete made using grey water and conventional concrete both in fresh and hardened states. To conduct the study, treated water from a treatment plant at two different stages of treatment has been collected and its effect on workability and strength of a mix M20 was studied. Workability was checked by slump and compaction factor method for each set of preparation of the samples. Strength behavior was studied with reference to compression strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of the concrete specimens by destructive methods. The result confirms that the use of secondary treated water will not alter fresh and hardened properties of the concrete significantly when compared with that prepared with potable water. The study also concludes that there may be possibilities of corrosion of reinforcement due to the organic and inorganic impurities present in the grey water. Hence concrete made using grey water is suitable for plain concrete. Key Words: Grey Water, Manufactured sand
IRJET- A Correlative Study of Concrete Incorporating Reused Aggregates and Mi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the use of reused concrete aggregates and microsilica to develop sustainable construction materials. It discusses how recycled concrete aggregates were used to replace natural aggregates at different percentages in concrete mixes. Microsilica was also added at 0%, 10%, and 20% to mixes to compensate for degradation in properties from reused aggregates. Testing of cubes, cylinders, and beams showed that mixes with 100% reused aggregates performed worse than mixes with natural aggregates. However, adding microsilica improved the properties of mixes with reused aggregates by consuming calcium hydroxide and producing additional calcium silicate hydrate. The study suggests reused aggregates can be used viably in construction when supplemented with admixtures like microsilica.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Variation of Compressive strength and water absorption of concrete made by Tw...ijsrd.com
Nowadays construction materials are increasingly evaluated by their ecological characteristics. Concrete recycling gains importance because it protects natural resources and eliminates the need for disposal by using the readily available concrete as an aggregate source for new concrete or other applications. The concrete in this paper is produced by utilizing alternative and recycled waste materials such as fly ash and recycled concrete aggregates to reduce energy consumption, environmental impact, and usage of natural resources. The inferior quality of recycled aggregate (RA) has restricted its use to low-grade applications such as roadwork sub-base and pavements, while its adoption for higher-grade concrete is rare because of the lower compressive strength and higher variability in mechanical performance of RA. A new concrete mixing method, two-stage mixing approach (TSMA), was advocated to improve the quality of RA concrete (RAC) by splitting the mixing process into two parts. In the current paper we will discuss two parameters on which the concrete made by TSMA has been tested for strength characteristics viz. compressive strength and flexural strength. These parametric properties are compared with the conventional concrete with the variation of percentage of recycled coarse aggregates(RCA) and fly ash.
Performance of High Strength Concrete – Partially Replacing Fine Aggregate wi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that studied the use of manufactured sand (M-sand) as a partial replacement for natural sand in high-strength concrete. The researchers created concrete mixes with M-sand replacing natural sand at 20%, 40%, and 60% replacement rates. The mixes were tested to determine the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths. Previous studies have found that M-sand can provide up to 40% cost savings compared to natural sand and exhibits better physical properties for use in concrete. The aim of this study was to determine the optimum replacement level of natural sand with M-sand that provides the highest strengths for a M40 grade high-strength concrete mix.
Experimental Investigation on Durability Properties of Self Compacting Concre...IRJET Journal
The document discusses experimental investigation on the durability properties of self-compacting concrete by partially replacing fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). It provides background on self-compacting concrete and discusses guidelines and specifications for acceptance criteria. It then reviews several previous studies that investigated replacing natural aggregates or cement with recycled materials and assessed fresh and hardened concrete properties. The literature review found that replacement of up to 30% aggregates or cement resulted in only minor decreases in compressive strength while improving sustainability.
IRJET- Effect of Recycled Coarse Aggregate on Compressive Strength and Fl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study on the effect of recycled coarse aggregate on the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete. The study involved replacing natural coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate from 0% to 100% in increments of 20%. The concrete mixtures were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days to determine the compressive strength and flexural strength. Previous studies have found that recycled aggregate concrete can achieve strength comparable to normal concrete, with an optimal replacement level of 20-40%. The properties of the recycled aggregate, including water absorption and specific gravity, were also examined.
IRJET- Strength and Durability Studies on Concrete Made using Treated Recycle...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on improving the strength and durability of concrete made using treated recycled coarse and fine aggregates. The researchers investigated methods for treating demolished concrete aggregates to improve their physical and mechanical properties for use as replacements for natural aggregates in concrete. Specifically, they looked at chemical treatments like sodium silicate, lithium silicate, and colloidal silica dioxide to strengthen and densify the recycled aggregates. Testing showed that concrete made with coarse aggregate treated with lithium silicate and fine aggregate treated with colloidal silica dioxide performed as well as concrete with natural aggregates in terms of strength and durability. The goal of the research was to enable 100% utilization of recycled aggregates from demolished concrete in new concrete production.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON USAGE OF GREY WATER IN CONCRETE PRODUCTIONAbdulRazakBH
Abstract - An experimental study has been carried out to study the workability and strength behavior of concrete made using grey water and conventional concrete both in fresh and hardened states. To conduct the study, treated water from a treatment plant at two different stages of treatment has been collected and its effect on workability and strength of a mix M20 was studied. Workability was checked by slump and compaction factor method for each set of preparation of the samples. Strength behavior was studied with reference to compression strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of the concrete specimens by destructive methods. The result confirms that the use of secondary treated water will not alter fresh and hardened properties of the concrete significantly when compared with that prepared with potable water. The study also concludes that there may be possibilities of corrosion of reinforcement due to the organic and inorganic impurities present in the grey water. Hence concrete made using grey water is suitable for plain concrete. Key Words: Grey Water, Manufactured sand
IRJET- A Correlative Study of Concrete Incorporating Reused Aggregates and Mi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the use of reused concrete aggregates and microsilica to develop sustainable construction materials. It discusses how recycled concrete aggregates were used to replace natural aggregates at different percentages in concrete mixes. Microsilica was also added at 0%, 10%, and 20% to mixes to compensate for degradation in properties from reused aggregates. Testing of cubes, cylinders, and beams showed that mixes with 100% reused aggregates performed worse than mixes with natural aggregates. However, adding microsilica improved the properties of mixes with reused aggregates by consuming calcium hydroxide and producing additional calcium silicate hydrate. The study suggests reused aggregates can be used viably in construction when supplemented with admixtures like microsilica.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IRJET - A Review on Influence of Quarry Dust and Metakaolin in Self Compa...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the influence of quarry dust and metakaolin in self-compacting concrete. It discusses how quarry dust, a byproduct of quarrying, can be used to replace fine aggregate in concrete and help increase strength while reducing costs. Metakaolin, produced from heating kaolin clay, is an effective pozzolan that can replace cement in concrete and increase compressive, tensile and flexural strength when used as a cement replacement of 8-20%. The document examines several studies that evaluated the effects of incorporating quarry dust and metakaolin into self-compacting concrete and found improvements to strength and durability.
IRJET- Establishment of Frame of Reference for Management and Reuse of Demoli...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the use of demolished concrete waste as a replacement for natural coarse aggregates in new concrete. It presents a literature review on previous studies conducted on the properties of concrete with partial replacement of natural coarse aggregates with recycled concrete aggregates. The studies found that concrete with up to 50% replacement of natural coarse aggregates with recycled aggregates can achieve comparable compressive strengths as conventional concrete. The document aims to establish a framework for managing and reusing demolished concrete waste in construction to reduce waste and save natural resources.
IRJET- High Strength Reduced Modulus of ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on reducing the modulus of elasticity (stiffness) of high-performance concrete (HPC) without compromising its strength. The study investigates replacing natural coarse aggregate with weathered aggregate in an M50 concrete mix. Tests show that the weathered aggregate concrete has lower modulus of elasticity values compared to traditional concrete mixes, while still maintaining adequate compressive strength. For example, at 28 days the weathered concrete has a 54.6 MPa strength versus 71.25 MPa for traditional concrete, but a lower modulus of elasticity of 2.0 GPa compared to 3.2 GPa. The results indicate that using weathered coarse aggregate is effective for reducing stresses in concrete structures without
A Study on Properties of Self Compacting Concrete with Slag as Coarse AggregateIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the properties of self-compacting concrete using blast furnace slag as a coarse aggregate replacement. The study aims to determine the strength characteristics of slag for application in self-compacting concrete. Specimens with 0%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 60% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with slag aggregate were produced and tested. Workability, compressive strength, and split tensile strength tests were conducted on the specimens. The results were then compared to code requirements to evaluate the performance of self-compacting concrete with slag aggregate replacement.
Evaluation of Saturated Conditioned Concrete Cubes by Initial Surface Absorpt...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on evaluating saturated concrete cubes using an Initial Surface Absorption Test (ISAT). Seventy-two concrete cubes with different mixture proportions were prepared and tested. The objectives were to examine how ISAT values are influenced by conditioning, time, water-cement ratio, and concrete grade. ISAT was performed on saturated conditioned cubes to characterize near-surface absorption for different mixtures. Results showed ISAT values increased at initial time points for lower strength mixtures, and decreased over time. Charts were developed to provide a better assessment of normal strength concrete permeability using ISAT.
A Review on Recycled Aggregates as an Alternative Building MaterialIRJET Journal
This document reviews previous research on using recycled aggregates as an alternative building material in concrete. It summarizes the key findings of several studies that investigated the effects of recycled aggregates on concrete properties such as compressive strength, carbonation behavior, tensile strength, water absorption, and durability. The studies found that concrete made with recycled aggregates can achieve similar strengths as concrete with natural aggregates. However, properties like carbonation and water absorption may be negatively affected by the porosity of recycled aggregates. The document concludes that using recycled aggregates is an effective way to reuse construction waste while producing concrete suitable for building applications.
The document studies soil cement blocks used for load-bearing masonry. Soil cement blocks with varying cement contents (6%, 8%, 12%) were tested to examine characteristics like compressive strength, water absorption, pore size, and elastic properties. Testing found that doubling the cement content from 6% resulted in over 2.5 times increase in strength. Water absorption was not greatly affected by cement content, but rate of absorption and pore size decreased with higher cement. Elastic modulus increased over 2 times when cement increased from 6% to 8%, but only marginally from 8% to 12%. The study aims to promote soil cement blocks as a lower-cost and more sustainable alternative to fired clay bricks for housing construction.
IRJET- Workability and Strength Properties of SCC Made with Processed RCAIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the workability and strength properties of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) made with processed recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). The study investigated how replacing natural coarse aggregates in SCC with 0-50% RCA in 10% intervals impacted properties. Tests were conducted on M30 and M40 grade SCC mixes. The results showed that workability parameters like flowability and passing ability were influenced by the amount of RCA used. Compressive and tensile strengths generally decreased with higher RCA replacement levels. The study aimed to evaluate the suitability of using RCA in SCC.
IRJET - Effects of Partial Replacement of Portland Cement and Fine Aggregate ...IRJET Journal
This document reviews research on the effects of partially replacing Portland cement and fine aggregate in concrete with bagasse ash, rice husk ash, and waste foundry sand. It summarizes several studies that investigated how these replacements impact the mechanical properties of concrete, including compressive strength, flexural strength, and tensile strength. The studies found that partial replacements of cement with these materials, typically up to 30%, can improve properties like strength and durability while reducing costs and environmental impacts. However, the properties achieved depend on factors like the materials' compositions and particle sizes. Overall, the partial replacements show potential but require optimization of materials and proportions.
IRJET- A Review Paper on Experimental Investigation of Crumb Rubber ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document reviews previous experimental work on crumb rubber concrete. It summarizes several studies that investigated replacing natural aggregates or mixtures with crumb rubber. The studies found that compressive strength generally decreased as crumb rubber content increased but durability properties like resistance to freezing/thawing and sulfate attack improved. Some studies found that pretreating the crumb rubber with chemicals or coatings could minimize strength reductions. Replacing up to 20% of fine aggregates or 5% of total mixtures with crumb rubber produced acceptable strength properties for some applications while improving sustainability by using waste tire material.
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on the strength properties of concrete with partial replacements of cement with PVC powder and fly ash. The abstract indicates that PVC dust from pipe production is used as a filler material and replacement for cement and fly ash. Concrete mixes with 0-30% PVC replacement and 20% fly ash replacement are tested for compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results show compressive strength increases with PVC but split tensile strength decreases. A literature review discusses previous research on using PVC and fly ash in concrete. The materials used - cement, aggregates, fly ash, PVC powder - are described along with preliminary tests. Mix designs and
IRJET- To Study the Effect of Recycled Aggregate in High Strength ConcreteIRJET Journal
This study evaluated the effect of replacing natural coarse aggregates with recycled concrete aggregates at different replacement percentages (0%, 25%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%) on the compressive and flexural strengths of concrete. The results showed that compressive and flexural strengths decreased as the replacement percentage increased, except at 60% replacement where the strengths were similar to the control concrete (0% replacement). The maximum recommended replacement percentage was determined to be 60%, beyond which strengths started to significantly decrease. Replacement of up to 60% recycled concrete aggregates was found to produce concrete with comparable strengths to conventional concrete.
STUDY ON GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE USED FOR PAVING BLOCKSAM Publications
Paver block is used in various applications like in street road and other construction places. Portland cement generates large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) which is responsible for global warming hence it is a greenhouse gas. And the concrete paver block production consume large amount of water and space for curing purpose. The other great problem today is disposal of solid waste from Coal fired thermal power plants generate fly ash and pond ash. This project combined sustainability, curing free with waste management leading to a wonderful product called geo-polymer concrete pavers. This paper represents the results of the geopolymer concrete paver block with the mix of M40 grade Test results indicate that low calcium fly ash based geopolymer concrete pavers has excellent compressive strength within short period (3 days) without water curing & suitable for practical applications
IRJET- Evaluation of Concrete Properties with Impregnated Different PolymersIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study that evaluated the properties of concrete impregnated with different polymers. M30 grade concrete was prepared with polymers like SBR latex, polycarboxylate ether (PCE), and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The study tested the workability, strength, compaction, and flexural strength of the concrete mixes. Polymers can enhance concrete properties by reducing the water-cement ratio and improving hydration. The objective was to determine the effects of these different polymer types on the plasticity, curing, and strength of the concrete.
This document summarizes research on crumb rubber concrete blocks. The research aims to address challenges in producing concrete with crumb rubber from tires and to improve its properties. Concrete mixes with 5%, 7.5%, and 10% crumb rubber were tested at 7 and 28 days. Compressive and tensile strengths were initially lower than conventional concrete but increased with the addition of silica fume. The document concludes that crumb rubber concrete blocks with 5% rubber and silica fume can be used in colder regions due to increased durability, abrasion resistance, and reduced impacts of freezing and thawing. The research helps advance the use of waste tire rubber in concrete applications.
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Waste Glass as Partial Replacement for Fine A...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on using waste glass as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Various concrete mixes were prepared with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% replacement of fine aggregate with waste glass. The mixes were tested to determine the workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength at 7, 14, and 28 days. The results showed that replacing up to 10% of fine aggregate with waste glass increased the compressive strength of concrete compared to normal concrete. However, compressive strength decreased with replacements over 10%. Workability also decreased as the percentage of waste glass replacement increased. The study confirms the viability of using waste glass as a partial replacement for fine
Improving the Performance of Recycled Aggregate Pervious Concrete via Cement ...Patrick Barnhouse, E.I.T
A preliminary study of high porosity pervious concrete for non-pavement applications. Also discussed is the feasibility of including recycled aggregate and the photocatalyst titanium dioxide in the mix design.
seminar report on concrete using of cementitios supplymentary materialAbhilash Chandra Dey
This document is a seminar report on investigating low-cost concrete using industrial waste as supplementary cementitious material. It was presented by Abhilash Chandra Dey to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering from Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Sambalpur, India. The report discusses using hypo sludge and fly ash as partial replacements for cement in concrete mixes at various percentages. It describes designing an M20 grade concrete mix based on Indian standards as the control mix, and mixes replacing 10-40% of cement with industrial waste. The report presents results on the workability, compressive strength, and cost of the various mixes to determine the optimum replacement level.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE USING RE...AM Publications
The construction of modern structures alarming the attention of use of materials with improved properties
in respect of strength, stiffness, toughness and durability. Concrete is one of the most widely used construction material
having several advantages such as high strength, good mould ability and high durability. The major disadvantages of
concrete are its poorer tensile strength and lesser ductility (toughness). Conventional concrete used in building
construction and engineering applications requires compaction to attain strength, durability and homogeneity. The
typical method of compaction, by vibration, generates delays and additional costs in projects and could pose a serious
health hazard due to noise pollution in and around construction sites. Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a concrete
which is highly flowble, can flows readily into place, fill the formwork without any compaction and without undergoing
any significant segregation. Recycling is the act of processing the used material for creating a new useful product.
Construction and Demolished waste also generate Recycled Aggregate (RA). Such a Recycled Aggregate proved to be a
reliable alternative to Natural Aggregates (NA) in concrete. There is a growing need for renovation from a usual
consumption based society to a sustainable society owing the natural environment pollution, exhaustion of natural
resources and as decreasing capacity of disposal facilities for final waste. Use of aggregates from Building Demolished
Waste (BDW) in structural concrete is definitely an important stride. Use of RA in developing SCC is certainly a novel
thought towards achieving a sustainable concrete. There is a pressing demand for the use of Recycled Aggregate in
recent concretes, as sustainability is given the highest importance in today’s world. This has necessitated the make use
of Recycled Aggregates in SCC and fibre based SCC. Hence Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete using Recycled
Aggregate with fibres may be a potential material in construction. In order to clearly understand the performance of
such a concrete, there is a call for to study the stress-strain and flexural strength behaviour. The present study focuses
on flexural bond strength behaviour of Fibre Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete by replacing the natural Aggregate
with Recycled Aggregate. BDW is used as coarse aggregate in the concrete, with an aim to achieve sustainable concrete.
IRJET-Study on Hypo Sludge as Partially Replaced Cement in ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document studies the use of hypo sludge as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Hypo sludge is a waste product from paper mills. The study prepared concrete specimens with 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, and 15% hypo sludge replacement of cement by weight. The compressive strength of 150x150x150mm concrete cubes was tested at 28 days. The results showed that up to a 12.5% replacement of cement with hypo sludge, the compressive strength of the concrete remained adequate for construction use. Using hypo sludge as a partial cement replacement in concrete has benefits in reducing waste and costs.
A Review paper on Ultra High Strength ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document reviews ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC). It discusses how UHSC achieves high compressive strength through the elimination of coarse materials, improved powder packing density, and the addition of steel fibers. The document summarizes several research papers on UHSC that investigated using local materials to reduce costs, its mechanical properties under explosion, and its long-term durability. The conclusion states that UHSC offers high strength, durability and modulus of elasticity compared to normal concrete, making it suitable for applications like high-rise buildings and bridges despite its higher initial costs.
IRJET - Durability of Concrete with Differential Concrete Mix DesignIRJET Journal
The document discusses the durability of concrete with different concrete mix designs. It presents research on how water absorption, density, and sorptivity coefficient are affected by varying the water-cement ratio, slump, and compressive strength in concrete mixes. Seventy-two concrete cubes were prepared with six different mix designs - three mixes varied the slump and water-cement ratio at a constant compressive strength, while three other mixes varied the compressive strength and water-cement ratio at a constant slump. The cubes were tested to determine their rate of water absorption, density, and sorptivity coefficient at various time intervals over 28 days. The results showed that the sorptivity coefficient and rate of water absorption
IRJET - A Review on Influence of Quarry Dust and Metakaolin in Self Compa...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the influence of quarry dust and metakaolin in self-compacting concrete. It discusses how quarry dust, a byproduct of quarrying, can be used to replace fine aggregate in concrete and help increase strength while reducing costs. Metakaolin, produced from heating kaolin clay, is an effective pozzolan that can replace cement in concrete and increase compressive, tensile and flexural strength when used as a cement replacement of 8-20%. The document examines several studies that evaluated the effects of incorporating quarry dust and metakaolin into self-compacting concrete and found improvements to strength and durability.
IRJET- Establishment of Frame of Reference for Management and Reuse of Demoli...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the use of demolished concrete waste as a replacement for natural coarse aggregates in new concrete. It presents a literature review on previous studies conducted on the properties of concrete with partial replacement of natural coarse aggregates with recycled concrete aggregates. The studies found that concrete with up to 50% replacement of natural coarse aggregates with recycled aggregates can achieve comparable compressive strengths as conventional concrete. The document aims to establish a framework for managing and reusing demolished concrete waste in construction to reduce waste and save natural resources.
IRJET- High Strength Reduced Modulus of ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on reducing the modulus of elasticity (stiffness) of high-performance concrete (HPC) without compromising its strength. The study investigates replacing natural coarse aggregate with weathered aggregate in an M50 concrete mix. Tests show that the weathered aggregate concrete has lower modulus of elasticity values compared to traditional concrete mixes, while still maintaining adequate compressive strength. For example, at 28 days the weathered concrete has a 54.6 MPa strength versus 71.25 MPa for traditional concrete, but a lower modulus of elasticity of 2.0 GPa compared to 3.2 GPa. The results indicate that using weathered coarse aggregate is effective for reducing stresses in concrete structures without
A Study on Properties of Self Compacting Concrete with Slag as Coarse AggregateIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the properties of self-compacting concrete using blast furnace slag as a coarse aggregate replacement. The study aims to determine the strength characteristics of slag for application in self-compacting concrete. Specimens with 0%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 60% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with slag aggregate were produced and tested. Workability, compressive strength, and split tensile strength tests were conducted on the specimens. The results were then compared to code requirements to evaluate the performance of self-compacting concrete with slag aggregate replacement.
Evaluation of Saturated Conditioned Concrete Cubes by Initial Surface Absorpt...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on evaluating saturated concrete cubes using an Initial Surface Absorption Test (ISAT). Seventy-two concrete cubes with different mixture proportions were prepared and tested. The objectives were to examine how ISAT values are influenced by conditioning, time, water-cement ratio, and concrete grade. ISAT was performed on saturated conditioned cubes to characterize near-surface absorption for different mixtures. Results showed ISAT values increased at initial time points for lower strength mixtures, and decreased over time. Charts were developed to provide a better assessment of normal strength concrete permeability using ISAT.
A Review on Recycled Aggregates as an Alternative Building MaterialIRJET Journal
This document reviews previous research on using recycled aggregates as an alternative building material in concrete. It summarizes the key findings of several studies that investigated the effects of recycled aggregates on concrete properties such as compressive strength, carbonation behavior, tensile strength, water absorption, and durability. The studies found that concrete made with recycled aggregates can achieve similar strengths as concrete with natural aggregates. However, properties like carbonation and water absorption may be negatively affected by the porosity of recycled aggregates. The document concludes that using recycled aggregates is an effective way to reuse construction waste while producing concrete suitable for building applications.
The document studies soil cement blocks used for load-bearing masonry. Soil cement blocks with varying cement contents (6%, 8%, 12%) were tested to examine characteristics like compressive strength, water absorption, pore size, and elastic properties. Testing found that doubling the cement content from 6% resulted in over 2.5 times increase in strength. Water absorption was not greatly affected by cement content, but rate of absorption and pore size decreased with higher cement. Elastic modulus increased over 2 times when cement increased from 6% to 8%, but only marginally from 8% to 12%. The study aims to promote soil cement blocks as a lower-cost and more sustainable alternative to fired clay bricks for housing construction.
IRJET- Workability and Strength Properties of SCC Made with Processed RCAIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the workability and strength properties of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) made with processed recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). The study investigated how replacing natural coarse aggregates in SCC with 0-50% RCA in 10% intervals impacted properties. Tests were conducted on M30 and M40 grade SCC mixes. The results showed that workability parameters like flowability and passing ability were influenced by the amount of RCA used. Compressive and tensile strengths generally decreased with higher RCA replacement levels. The study aimed to evaluate the suitability of using RCA in SCC.
IRJET - Effects of Partial Replacement of Portland Cement and Fine Aggregate ...IRJET Journal
This document reviews research on the effects of partially replacing Portland cement and fine aggregate in concrete with bagasse ash, rice husk ash, and waste foundry sand. It summarizes several studies that investigated how these replacements impact the mechanical properties of concrete, including compressive strength, flexural strength, and tensile strength. The studies found that partial replacements of cement with these materials, typically up to 30%, can improve properties like strength and durability while reducing costs and environmental impacts. However, the properties achieved depend on factors like the materials' compositions and particle sizes. Overall, the partial replacements show potential but require optimization of materials and proportions.
IRJET- A Review Paper on Experimental Investigation of Crumb Rubber ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document reviews previous experimental work on crumb rubber concrete. It summarizes several studies that investigated replacing natural aggregates or mixtures with crumb rubber. The studies found that compressive strength generally decreased as crumb rubber content increased but durability properties like resistance to freezing/thawing and sulfate attack improved. Some studies found that pretreating the crumb rubber with chemicals or coatings could minimize strength reductions. Replacing up to 20% of fine aggregates or 5% of total mixtures with crumb rubber produced acceptable strength properties for some applications while improving sustainability by using waste tire material.
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on the strength properties of concrete with partial replacements of cement with PVC powder and fly ash. The abstract indicates that PVC dust from pipe production is used as a filler material and replacement for cement and fly ash. Concrete mixes with 0-30% PVC replacement and 20% fly ash replacement are tested for compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results show compressive strength increases with PVC but split tensile strength decreases. A literature review discusses previous research on using PVC and fly ash in concrete. The materials used - cement, aggregates, fly ash, PVC powder - are described along with preliminary tests. Mix designs and
IRJET- To Study the Effect of Recycled Aggregate in High Strength ConcreteIRJET Journal
This study evaluated the effect of replacing natural coarse aggregates with recycled concrete aggregates at different replacement percentages (0%, 25%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%) on the compressive and flexural strengths of concrete. The results showed that compressive and flexural strengths decreased as the replacement percentage increased, except at 60% replacement where the strengths were similar to the control concrete (0% replacement). The maximum recommended replacement percentage was determined to be 60%, beyond which strengths started to significantly decrease. Replacement of up to 60% recycled concrete aggregates was found to produce concrete with comparable strengths to conventional concrete.
STUDY ON GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE USED FOR PAVING BLOCKSAM Publications
Paver block is used in various applications like in street road and other construction places. Portland cement generates large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) which is responsible for global warming hence it is a greenhouse gas. And the concrete paver block production consume large amount of water and space for curing purpose. The other great problem today is disposal of solid waste from Coal fired thermal power plants generate fly ash and pond ash. This project combined sustainability, curing free with waste management leading to a wonderful product called geo-polymer concrete pavers. This paper represents the results of the geopolymer concrete paver block with the mix of M40 grade Test results indicate that low calcium fly ash based geopolymer concrete pavers has excellent compressive strength within short period (3 days) without water curing & suitable for practical applications
IRJET- Evaluation of Concrete Properties with Impregnated Different PolymersIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study that evaluated the properties of concrete impregnated with different polymers. M30 grade concrete was prepared with polymers like SBR latex, polycarboxylate ether (PCE), and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The study tested the workability, strength, compaction, and flexural strength of the concrete mixes. Polymers can enhance concrete properties by reducing the water-cement ratio and improving hydration. The objective was to determine the effects of these different polymer types on the plasticity, curing, and strength of the concrete.
This document summarizes research on crumb rubber concrete blocks. The research aims to address challenges in producing concrete with crumb rubber from tires and to improve its properties. Concrete mixes with 5%, 7.5%, and 10% crumb rubber were tested at 7 and 28 days. Compressive and tensile strengths were initially lower than conventional concrete but increased with the addition of silica fume. The document concludes that crumb rubber concrete blocks with 5% rubber and silica fume can be used in colder regions due to increased durability, abrasion resistance, and reduced impacts of freezing and thawing. The research helps advance the use of waste tire rubber in concrete applications.
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Waste Glass as Partial Replacement for Fine A...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on using waste glass as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Various concrete mixes were prepared with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% replacement of fine aggregate with waste glass. The mixes were tested to determine the workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength at 7, 14, and 28 days. The results showed that replacing up to 10% of fine aggregate with waste glass increased the compressive strength of concrete compared to normal concrete. However, compressive strength decreased with replacements over 10%. Workability also decreased as the percentage of waste glass replacement increased. The study confirms the viability of using waste glass as a partial replacement for fine
Improving the Performance of Recycled Aggregate Pervious Concrete via Cement ...Patrick Barnhouse, E.I.T
A preliminary study of high porosity pervious concrete for non-pavement applications. Also discussed is the feasibility of including recycled aggregate and the photocatalyst titanium dioxide in the mix design.
seminar report on concrete using of cementitios supplymentary materialAbhilash Chandra Dey
This document is a seminar report on investigating low-cost concrete using industrial waste as supplementary cementitious material. It was presented by Abhilash Chandra Dey to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering from Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Sambalpur, India. The report discusses using hypo sludge and fly ash as partial replacements for cement in concrete mixes at various percentages. It describes designing an M20 grade concrete mix based on Indian standards as the control mix, and mixes replacing 10-40% of cement with industrial waste. The report presents results on the workability, compressive strength, and cost of the various mixes to determine the optimum replacement level.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE USING RE...AM Publications
The construction of modern structures alarming the attention of use of materials with improved properties
in respect of strength, stiffness, toughness and durability. Concrete is one of the most widely used construction material
having several advantages such as high strength, good mould ability and high durability. The major disadvantages of
concrete are its poorer tensile strength and lesser ductility (toughness). Conventional concrete used in building
construction and engineering applications requires compaction to attain strength, durability and homogeneity. The
typical method of compaction, by vibration, generates delays and additional costs in projects and could pose a serious
health hazard due to noise pollution in and around construction sites. Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a concrete
which is highly flowble, can flows readily into place, fill the formwork without any compaction and without undergoing
any significant segregation. Recycling is the act of processing the used material for creating a new useful product.
Construction and Demolished waste also generate Recycled Aggregate (RA). Such a Recycled Aggregate proved to be a
reliable alternative to Natural Aggregates (NA) in concrete. There is a growing need for renovation from a usual
consumption based society to a sustainable society owing the natural environment pollution, exhaustion of natural
resources and as decreasing capacity of disposal facilities for final waste. Use of aggregates from Building Demolished
Waste (BDW) in structural concrete is definitely an important stride. Use of RA in developing SCC is certainly a novel
thought towards achieving a sustainable concrete. There is a pressing demand for the use of Recycled Aggregate in
recent concretes, as sustainability is given the highest importance in today’s world. This has necessitated the make use
of Recycled Aggregates in SCC and fibre based SCC. Hence Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete using Recycled
Aggregate with fibres may be a potential material in construction. In order to clearly understand the performance of
such a concrete, there is a call for to study the stress-strain and flexural strength behaviour. The present study focuses
on flexural bond strength behaviour of Fibre Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete by replacing the natural Aggregate
with Recycled Aggregate. BDW is used as coarse aggregate in the concrete, with an aim to achieve sustainable concrete.
IRJET-Study on Hypo Sludge as Partially Replaced Cement in ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document studies the use of hypo sludge as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Hypo sludge is a waste product from paper mills. The study prepared concrete specimens with 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, and 15% hypo sludge replacement of cement by weight. The compressive strength of 150x150x150mm concrete cubes was tested at 28 days. The results showed that up to a 12.5% replacement of cement with hypo sludge, the compressive strength of the concrete remained adequate for construction use. Using hypo sludge as a partial cement replacement in concrete has benefits in reducing waste and costs.
A Review paper on Ultra High Strength ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document reviews ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC). It discusses how UHSC achieves high compressive strength through the elimination of coarse materials, improved powder packing density, and the addition of steel fibers. The document summarizes several research papers on UHSC that investigated using local materials to reduce costs, its mechanical properties under explosion, and its long-term durability. The conclusion states that UHSC offers high strength, durability and modulus of elasticity compared to normal concrete, making it suitable for applications like high-rise buildings and bridges despite its higher initial costs.
IRJET - Durability of Concrete with Differential Concrete Mix DesignIRJET Journal
The document discusses the durability of concrete with different concrete mix designs. It presents research on how water absorption, density, and sorptivity coefficient are affected by varying the water-cement ratio, slump, and compressive strength in concrete mixes. Seventy-two concrete cubes were prepared with six different mix designs - three mixes varied the slump and water-cement ratio at a constant compressive strength, while three other mixes varied the compressive strength and water-cement ratio at a constant slump. The cubes were tested to determine their rate of water absorption, density, and sorptivity coefficient at various time intervals over 28 days. The results showed that the sorptivity coefficient and rate of water absorption
Bacterial Concrete and Effect of Different Bacteria on the Strength and Water...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the effects of different bacteria on the strength and water absorption characteristics of concrete. Specifically, it examines the influence of Bacillus Subtilis and Bacillus Licheniformis bacteria on the compressive strength, water absorption, and self-healing properties of concrete. The study found that adding these bacteria to concrete helped heal cracks through calcite precipitation, as observed using scanning electron microscopy. It also increased the strength of the concrete over time. The document reviews the concept of biomineralization and advantages of bacterial concrete, such as self-repair of cracks without external assistance and increased strength and durability compared to normal concrete.
IMPROVEMENT IN PROPERTIES OF POROUS CONCRETE USING FIBERIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into improving the properties of porous concrete using fiber. Porous concrete, also called pervious concrete or permeable concrete, allows water to pass through it, reducing runoff. It has a porous structure achieved through a lack of fine aggregates. While this improves permeability, it reduces strength. The study looks to address this by adding fiber to porous concrete mixtures. The document outlines the materials used - cement, coarse aggregates, fiber from recycled drip irrigation pipes, and fly ash. It then describes the methodology, with concrete mixtures containing 20% fly ash or 3% fiber by weight of cement. Compressive strength tests were performed on cubes at 7 and 28 days of curing to evaluate how the additions of
IRJET- Self-Compacting Self-Curing Concrete: A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document provides a literature review on self-compacting self-curing concrete. It begins with an introduction to self-compacting concrete and self-curing concrete. It then reviews several studies on self-compacting concrete, self-curing concrete, and self-compacting self-curing concrete. These studies investigated the effects of different admixtures and curing methods on the workability and strength properties of concrete. The review found that self-compacting self-curing concrete can provide the benefits of both self-compaction and self-curing, resulting in easier placement and strength properties comparable to traditionally cured concrete.
A Review Paper on Permeable Concrete as a Road PavementIRJET Journal
This document reviews permeable concrete as a road pavement material. It summarizes several studies that have examined the properties and effectiveness of permeable concrete. Permeable concrete allows water to drain through it, reducing runoff. It has been found to have sufficient strength for low traffic areas but lacks the high strength required for heavily trafficked roads. The document outlines the composition and properties of permeable concrete, including its lower density and strength compared to conventional concrete due to higher porosity. Several studies are reviewed that examined the compressive strength, tensile strength, and effects of curing methods on permeable concrete. The objectives and future scope of additional research on permeable concrete's durability and impact resistance are also discussed.
EFFECT OF ADDTION OF POLYPROPYLENE FIBRE ON THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPE...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the effect of adding polypropylene fiber to self-compacting concrete. It analyzes changes in physical properties like bulk density, apparent porosity, and water absorption and mechanical properties like compressive strength. The study found that compressive strength initially increased when adding 2% polypropylene fiber but then decreased with 3% fiber. Bulk density and compressive strength decreased with higher fiber content, while apparent porosity and water absorption increased due to the porous nature of the fiber. In conclusion, adding polypropylene fiber impacted both the physical and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete.
An Experimental Investigation on Self Compacting Concrete with Artificial Fin...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on the properties of self-compacting concrete that uses artificial fine aggregate as a replacement for natural fine aggregate. The study tested different mixtures with cement replaced by fly ash, silica fume, and metakaolin. The concrete mixtures were tested for workability, mechanical properties like compressive strength, and durability properties like water absorption and acid resistance. The results showed that the artificial fine aggregate concrete mixtures met workability standards and had improved strength and durability compared to natural aggregate concrete.
“STUDY OF CONCRETE CUBE BY USING LATHE SCRAP AND TREATED WASTE WATER”IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the use of lathe scrap and treated waste water in concrete. The objectives were to study the impact of adding 2% lathe scrap by weight of cement and replacing potable water with treated waste water in concrete. Tests conducted on M20 grade concrete cubes at 7 and 28 days showed increases in compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths compared to normal concrete. The results indicate that lathe scrap and treated waste water can be used in concrete with potential benefits for construction industry waste reduction and water conservation.
Experimental Study on Fiber Reinforced Concrete with Recycled Aggregate Repla...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on fiber reinforced concrete with recycled aggregate replacing natural aggregate. Concrete samples were prepared with 0%, 5%, and 10% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate from demolished buildings. Polypropylene fibers of 10mm length were added in proportions of 0%, 0.1%, and 0.15% of cement weight. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and split tensile strength were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days of curing. The results showed that the addition of polypropylene fibers increased the strengths of concrete with recycled aggregate replacement. The highest strengths were achieved with a fiber addition of 0.15% and 5% recycled aggregate replacement.
EFFECT OF PRE-SLASH SOAKED LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATES AND SUPER ABSORBENT POLYMER...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the use of internal curing agents like pre-soaked lightweight aggregates and super absorbent polymers to improve the properties of concrete. M25 concrete mixes were prepared by replacing sand with 6%, 12%, 18% vermiculite and cement with 0.245%, 0.345%, 0.445% super absorbent polymer. Cubes, beams and cylinders were cast and tested at 7, 14, 28 days to determine compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength. The results showed that internal curing improved the strength properties of concrete compared to conventionally cured concrete. Prior studies also found maximum improvement in strength at around 5% vermiculite replacement and 0.35% super absorbent
REVIEW PAPER ON SELF-CURING CONCRETE USING BIO-ADMIXTURESIRJET Journal
The document discusses self-curing concrete that uses bio-admixtures to reduce the need for external water curing. It provides background on curing methods for traditional concrete and the benefits of self-curing concrete in addressing water scarcity issues. The research aims to investigate the effects of using Spinacia oleracea (palak) as a self-curing agent by analyzing the behavior and durability properties of resulting concrete mixes cured with different dosages of palak compared to conventionally cured concrete. A literature review covers past studies on the use of various materials as internal curing agents in self-curing concrete including their effects on strength and permeability.
The document summarizes a literature review on self-compacting concrete (SCC). It lists 16 research papers on SCC, providing the title, authors, year published, journal/publisher, methodology used, and main outcomes for each. The majority of the papers studied the fresh and hardened properties of SCC mixtures containing supplementary cementitious materials like fly ash, slag, or mineral admixtures. Common tests included measuring flowability, passing ability, and compressive strength. Most found that partial replacement of cement with these materials can improve the properties of SCC, though higher replacement rates may negatively impact strength.
Study on Alccofine based High Strength Self-compacting Fibrous Concrete- A re...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on alccofine-based high strength self-compacting fibrous concrete. It begins with an introduction to high strength concrete, fibrous concrete, self-compacting concrete, and the benefits of fibrous reinforced self-compacting concrete. It then summarizes 13 research papers on topics including replacing aggregates with waste materials, using hybrid fibers, determining optimal fiber contents, and using mineral admixtures like fly ash and alccofine. The conclusion discusses how alccofine can increase self-compatibility and early strength of self-compacting concrete mixes and how fibers can improve tensile strength, ductility, and crack resistance.
IRJET - An Experimantal Study on Behaviour of Hollow Fly Ash Concrete Blocks ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on the behavior of hollow fly ash concrete blocks as a replacement for conventional bricks. Various mix designs were tested to improve the mechanical properties of the blocks. The compressive strength, water absorption, modulus of rupture, and dry density of newly manufactured hollow fly ash concrete blocks were compared to traditionally made blocks. Results showed that the proposed mix ratios significantly increased the compressive strength and decreased the water absorption of the hollow fly ash concrete blocks compared to the original mixes. Sixteen blocks were tested based on four mix designs with varying fly ash content. The mix with 20% fly ash content performed best in terms of compressive strength and other properties.
IRJET- Study on Stress-Strain Behavior of Standard and High-Strength Concrete...IRJET Journal
1. The document presents a review of studies on the stress-strain behavior of standard and high-strength concrete. It discusses how decreasing the water-cement ratio and adding admixtures and superplasticizers can increase the strength of high-strength concrete compared to standard concrete.
2. The stress-strain analysis allows designers to analyze the mechanical behavior of concrete and determine properties like modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio. It provides insight into the strain corresponding to stress.
3. High-strength concrete has applications in high-rise structures, columns, shear walls, and other structures where high loads are experienced. Proper mix design and materials are needed to achieve the strength of high-strength concrete.
Review on Study of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Containing Silica Fume as Part...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes previous research on recycled aggregate concrete containing silica fume as a partial cement replacement. It discusses studies that investigated how replacing natural aggregates with recycled concrete aggregates at different percentages (0-50%) impacted the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. The results showed that replacing up to 30% of natural aggregates with recycled aggregates can achieve similar strength as conventional concrete, but strength decreases when replacement exceeds 30%. Adding silica fume was found to improve properties such as compressive strength and permeability. The optimal replacement rate of recycled aggregates was determined to be 30%.
IRJET-Effect of Aggregate Flakiness on the Compressive Strength and Workabili...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that will investigate the effect of flaky aggregate percentage (ranging from 20-70%) on the compressive strength and workability of concrete. 36 concrete cubes will be cast with varying flaky aggregate content and a water-cement ratio of 0.5. The cubes will be tested for compressive strength at 7 and 28 days. Previous studies have found that flaky aggregates increase voids and reduce strength and workability beyond a certain limit. It is expected that compressive strength will decrease as flaky aggregate percentage increases due to more voids, and that workability will also decrease with higher flaky content.
IRJET- Behaviour of RC Slabs with Recycled Aggregates Subjected to Static and...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the use of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste in concrete as a replacement for natural aggregates. Recycled aggregates are produced by collecting waste concrete, crushing it, sieving it, and washing it.
2) Previous studies have found that concrete made with recycled aggregates as a partial or full replacement of natural coarse aggregates can achieve comparable compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths as normal concrete. However, further research is still needed to determine the impact on concrete durability.
3) The current study aims to produce recycled aggregates from construction waste on campus and use them in proportions of 0%, 30%, 60%, and 100% as a replacement for natural coarse aggregates in concrete mixes. The
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF WATER PROOFING ADMIXTURES IN CONCRETEShabaz Khan
This document summarizes a study on the effectiveness of waterproofing admixtures in concrete. It includes an introduction on waterproofing admixtures and their benefits. It then reviews literature on this topic and lists the objectives of the study. It describes the properties, types, and mechanisms of waterproofing compounds (WPC) and crystalline chemical admixtures. It discusses Indian codes and specifications and the methodology used in the study. The document outlines the various tests performed on concrete specimens and how results were analyzed. It concludes with the overall results of the study.
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TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
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2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
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A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
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Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
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Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
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A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
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Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
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Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...PIMR BHOPAL
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.