The document discusses a study on the performance analysis of lemongrass oil as a biofuel in a diesel engine by varying the injection pressure. Lemongrass oil was extracted through transesterification and blended with diesel in percentages from 20-100%. The blended fuel was tested in a single cylinder diesel engine at different injection pressures and loads. The optimum blend was found to be B20 and it showed improved performance at 240 bar injection pressure with lower emissions compared to diesel.
an experimental investigation and comparative analysis on a four stroke cINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
An experimental analysis was made to investigate two non edible oils (hazelnut and palm), blending with neat diesel fuel with the proportions of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% by volume and used as fuel in a single cylinder, four stroke, water cooled, Compression Ignition engine. Experimental tests were conducted by using the above bio-diesel blends as fuel operated with the above mentioned engine working at various loads. Performance parameters and exhaust emissions of hazelnut and crambe bio-diesel blends are compared with the same results of diesel fuel. Performance parameters selected to analyze are Brake Thermal Efficiency(BTHE), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption(BSFC) and Exhaust Gas Temperature(EGT) and exhaust emissions selected to investigate are Carbon Monoxide emissions(CO), Oxides Of Nitrogen(NOx) and smoke density(SD). From the results of all blends used as fuel in the engine, it is clarified that CI engine showing better performance by using a hazelnut bio-diesel blend with proportions of 20% hazelnut bio-diesel and 80% normal diesel fuel. Traditional Engine with bio-diesels as fuel are showing acceptable reduction in emissions like hydro carbons and oxides of carbon but with marginal increase in oxides of nitrogen compared with diesel fuel. But BTHE of Bio-diesel blend is less than the BTHE of diesel fuel operating in the same engine. From all the blends Hazelnut bio-diesel blends are giving better performance parameters and decreased emission characteristics hazelnut oil having better properties immediately after diesel fuel when compared with remaining bio-diesel blends.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on Performance of Diesel Engine on Mixi...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental investigation on the performance of a diesel engine using dual biodiesel blends of Jatropha and mustard oils mixed with diesel. Various proportions of the biodiesel blends were tested in an unmodified single cylinder diesel engine. The performance parameters like brake thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption, as well as emission characteristics like CO, HC, NOx and CO2 were analyzed and compared to diesel fuel. The results showed that a 15% biodiesel blend had brake thermal efficiency close to diesel fuel. Emissions of CO and HC were lower for the biodiesel blends compared to diesel, while NOx emissions were higher. Based on the results, the 15% biodiesel blend provided better engine
Ijaems apr-2016-2 Experimental Parametric Study of Biodiesel to Develop Econo...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
In this globalization realm, there in constant growth in the rate of expenditure of fossil fuels, consequent on ever increasing population and urbanization. This gives charge to depletion of finite resources in the near future. Fossil fuel emission causes global-warming also green-house gases are intangible factor which collectively degrading the planet. As such, the situation demands for an alternate source of energy that can be used to overcome the conjectured energy crisis. In contrast to this, if the energy source is clean and renewable, it will reduce the environmental trouble as well. In the quest an alternate and renewable energy resources, scientists have plead with a variety of options among which biodiesel-diesel blends as alternative fuels has become a popular option and is getting the attention of many researchers. This is because scientists have enlist the properties of biodiesel prepared from vegetable oils are very close to commercial diesel and thus it has a promising future as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Biodiesel being renewable, biodegradable and green fuel can reduce our dependence on conventional/non-renewable fossil fuels and it also helps to keep pure quality of air by reducing obnoxious automotive/vehicular emissions. Possible solution of this problem is to replace or find renewable and economically feasible fuel as an alternative source. Already a lot of work for source which fulfill the criteria of sustainability and economical carried out. But the effluent is critical issues. So characterization and formation of biodiesel with zero effluent is prime objective.
IRJET- Experimental Analysis of the Effect of EGR on Performance of CI Engine...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study that analyzed the effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the performance of a compression ignition engine fueled with cottonseed oil biodiesel blends. Cottonseed oil was converted to biodiesel via a transesterification process and blended with diesel in proportions from 5-20%. Tests were conducted on a single cylinder diesel engine at varying compression ratios with and without EGR. The results showed that EGR reduced NOx emissions as expected but slightly increased CO and HC emissions. The highest thermal efficiency and lowest fuel consumption were observed for a 5% biodiesel blend without EGR. Overall, the study found that biodiesel blends up to 20% can be
Experimental investigations on air cooled diesel engine using rubber seed bio...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Experiments were conducted on a Kirloskar make, air cooled diesel engine using rubber seed biodiesel and its blends with diesel
(10%, 20%, and 30% by volume) as a substitute fuel to petro- diesel. The load was applied in the range 0 to 100% (0, 25%, 50%,
75% and 100%) in steps of 25% of maximum load at an injection pressure of 200 bar and injection timing of 230 of crank angle
before top dead centre. The performance parameters (BP, BTE and BSFC), pollutants (CO, HC, CO2, NOx and smoke opacity)
and combustion characteristics (cylinder pressure rise and heat release rate for every degree of crank angle) were measured for
pure biodiesel and its blends. The results obtained were compared with petro-diesel. Among the fuels tested, 10% blend of rubber
seed biodiesel showed a better performance in terms of increased Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) and decreased Brake Specific
Fuel Consumption (BSFC). Significant reductions in pollutants (except NOx) were observed for pure rubber seed biodiesel and its
blends at all power outputs as compared to petro-diesel. Combustion features of rubber seed biodiesel and its blends were similar
to petro-diesel operation.
Key words: Biodiesel, Blends, Injection Pressure, Performance, Emissions, Combustion Characteristics
Experimental investigation on exhaust emissions with ceramic coated diesel en...eSAT Journals
Abstract Experiments were conducted to determine exhaust emissions in a conventional diesel engine (CE) and ceramic coated low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine [with ceramic coated cylinder head] with different operating conditions [normal temperature and pre-heated temperature] of linseed oil based biodiesel with varied injection timing and injector opening pressure. Exhaust emissions [smoke and oxides of nitrogen]. Smoke levels decreased and NOx levels increased with engine with LHR combustion chamber with biodiesel operation. Advanced injection timing, increase of injector opening pressure preheated biodiesel reduced exhaust emissions from LHR engine with biodiesel operation. Keywords: Alternate Fuels, Vegetable Oils, Biodiesel, LHR engine, Exhaust emissions, Combustion characteristics.
Experimental investigation on exhaust emissions with ceramic coated diesel en...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
performance and emission radiation using of indianIJAEMSJORNAL
This document discusses a study on the performance, combustion characteristics, and emissions of an Indian Pomegranate seed oil biodiesel in a diesel engine. Biodiesel was produced from pomegranate seed oil via an alkaline transesterification process. The biodiesel and its blends (B25, B50, B75, B100) were tested in a single cylinder diesel engine. Test results showed a marginal decrease in brake thermal efficiency for biodiesel blends compared to diesel alone. Emissions of CO, HC, and NOx decreased for biodiesel blends while smoke and CO2 increased marginally. Combustion characteristics also improved with biodiesel blends compared to diesel alone
an experimental investigation and comparative analysis on a four stroke cINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
An experimental analysis was made to investigate two non edible oils (hazelnut and palm), blending with neat diesel fuel with the proportions of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% by volume and used as fuel in a single cylinder, four stroke, water cooled, Compression Ignition engine. Experimental tests were conducted by using the above bio-diesel blends as fuel operated with the above mentioned engine working at various loads. Performance parameters and exhaust emissions of hazelnut and crambe bio-diesel blends are compared with the same results of diesel fuel. Performance parameters selected to analyze are Brake Thermal Efficiency(BTHE), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption(BSFC) and Exhaust Gas Temperature(EGT) and exhaust emissions selected to investigate are Carbon Monoxide emissions(CO), Oxides Of Nitrogen(NOx) and smoke density(SD). From the results of all blends used as fuel in the engine, it is clarified that CI engine showing better performance by using a hazelnut bio-diesel blend with proportions of 20% hazelnut bio-diesel and 80% normal diesel fuel. Traditional Engine with bio-diesels as fuel are showing acceptable reduction in emissions like hydro carbons and oxides of carbon but with marginal increase in oxides of nitrogen compared with diesel fuel. But BTHE of Bio-diesel blend is less than the BTHE of diesel fuel operating in the same engine. From all the blends Hazelnut bio-diesel blends are giving better performance parameters and decreased emission characteristics hazelnut oil having better properties immediately after diesel fuel when compared with remaining bio-diesel blends.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on Performance of Diesel Engine on Mixi...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental investigation on the performance of a diesel engine using dual biodiesel blends of Jatropha and mustard oils mixed with diesel. Various proportions of the biodiesel blends were tested in an unmodified single cylinder diesel engine. The performance parameters like brake thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption, as well as emission characteristics like CO, HC, NOx and CO2 were analyzed and compared to diesel fuel. The results showed that a 15% biodiesel blend had brake thermal efficiency close to diesel fuel. Emissions of CO and HC were lower for the biodiesel blends compared to diesel, while NOx emissions were higher. Based on the results, the 15% biodiesel blend provided better engine
Ijaems apr-2016-2 Experimental Parametric Study of Biodiesel to Develop Econo...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
In this globalization realm, there in constant growth in the rate of expenditure of fossil fuels, consequent on ever increasing population and urbanization. This gives charge to depletion of finite resources in the near future. Fossil fuel emission causes global-warming also green-house gases are intangible factor which collectively degrading the planet. As such, the situation demands for an alternate source of energy that can be used to overcome the conjectured energy crisis. In contrast to this, if the energy source is clean and renewable, it will reduce the environmental trouble as well. In the quest an alternate and renewable energy resources, scientists have plead with a variety of options among which biodiesel-diesel blends as alternative fuels has become a popular option and is getting the attention of many researchers. This is because scientists have enlist the properties of biodiesel prepared from vegetable oils are very close to commercial diesel and thus it has a promising future as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Biodiesel being renewable, biodegradable and green fuel can reduce our dependence on conventional/non-renewable fossil fuels and it also helps to keep pure quality of air by reducing obnoxious automotive/vehicular emissions. Possible solution of this problem is to replace or find renewable and economically feasible fuel as an alternative source. Already a lot of work for source which fulfill the criteria of sustainability and economical carried out. But the effluent is critical issues. So characterization and formation of biodiesel with zero effluent is prime objective.
IRJET- Experimental Analysis of the Effect of EGR on Performance of CI Engine...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study that analyzed the effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the performance of a compression ignition engine fueled with cottonseed oil biodiesel blends. Cottonseed oil was converted to biodiesel via a transesterification process and blended with diesel in proportions from 5-20%. Tests were conducted on a single cylinder diesel engine at varying compression ratios with and without EGR. The results showed that EGR reduced NOx emissions as expected but slightly increased CO and HC emissions. The highest thermal efficiency and lowest fuel consumption were observed for a 5% biodiesel blend without EGR. Overall, the study found that biodiesel blends up to 20% can be
Experimental investigations on air cooled diesel engine using rubber seed bio...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Experiments were conducted on a Kirloskar make, air cooled diesel engine using rubber seed biodiesel and its blends with diesel
(10%, 20%, and 30% by volume) as a substitute fuel to petro- diesel. The load was applied in the range 0 to 100% (0, 25%, 50%,
75% and 100%) in steps of 25% of maximum load at an injection pressure of 200 bar and injection timing of 230 of crank angle
before top dead centre. The performance parameters (BP, BTE and BSFC), pollutants (CO, HC, CO2, NOx and smoke opacity)
and combustion characteristics (cylinder pressure rise and heat release rate for every degree of crank angle) were measured for
pure biodiesel and its blends. The results obtained were compared with petro-diesel. Among the fuels tested, 10% blend of rubber
seed biodiesel showed a better performance in terms of increased Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) and decreased Brake Specific
Fuel Consumption (BSFC). Significant reductions in pollutants (except NOx) were observed for pure rubber seed biodiesel and its
blends at all power outputs as compared to petro-diesel. Combustion features of rubber seed biodiesel and its blends were similar
to petro-diesel operation.
Key words: Biodiesel, Blends, Injection Pressure, Performance, Emissions, Combustion Characteristics
Experimental investigation on exhaust emissions with ceramic coated diesel en...eSAT Journals
Abstract Experiments were conducted to determine exhaust emissions in a conventional diesel engine (CE) and ceramic coated low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine [with ceramic coated cylinder head] with different operating conditions [normal temperature and pre-heated temperature] of linseed oil based biodiesel with varied injection timing and injector opening pressure. Exhaust emissions [smoke and oxides of nitrogen]. Smoke levels decreased and NOx levels increased with engine with LHR combustion chamber with biodiesel operation. Advanced injection timing, increase of injector opening pressure preheated biodiesel reduced exhaust emissions from LHR engine with biodiesel operation. Keywords: Alternate Fuels, Vegetable Oils, Biodiesel, LHR engine, Exhaust emissions, Combustion characteristics.
Experimental investigation on exhaust emissions with ceramic coated diesel en...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
performance and emission radiation using of indianIJAEMSJORNAL
This document discusses a study on the performance, combustion characteristics, and emissions of an Indian Pomegranate seed oil biodiesel in a diesel engine. Biodiesel was produced from pomegranate seed oil via an alkaline transesterification process. The biodiesel and its blends (B25, B50, B75, B100) were tested in a single cylinder diesel engine. Test results showed a marginal decrease in brake thermal efficiency for biodiesel blends compared to diesel alone. Emissions of CO, HC, and NOx decreased for biodiesel blends while smoke and CO2 increased marginally. Combustion characteristics also improved with biodiesel blends compared to diesel alone
This document analyzes emissions from a biogas-diesel dual fuel engine compared to operation on neat diesel fuel alone. The following were observed:
1. NOx and CO2 emissions were lower in dual fuel mode, with NOx reduced 27-57% and CO2 reduced 4-18% compared to neat diesel.
2. HC, CO and O2 emissions were higher in dual fuel mode compared to neat diesel alone. HC was reduced from 200 ppm at low load to 63 ppm at high load.
3. Dual fuel operation showed potential to reduce NOx and CO2 emissions while increasing HC, CO and O2 compared to neat diesel fuel. Further optimization is needed to reduce
Emission characteristics of a diesel engine using soyabean oil and diesel blendseSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of CI Engine Fuelled with Karanji Oil a...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation of a CI engine fueled with karanji biodiesel using pyrogallol as an antioxidant additive. Karanji seed oil was converted to biodiesel via a transesterification process and blended with diesel in ratios of B10, B15 and B20 (10%, 15%, 20% biodiesel). Pyrogallol was added to these blends as an antioxidant. The engine performance and emissions were tested for the various blends and compared to pure diesel. The results showed that brake thermal efficiency was higher for the biodiesel blends compared to diesel. Emissions of CO, CO2 and HC were also lower for the biodiesel blends,
Effect of Injection Timing on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Die...IRJET Journal
This document discusses an experimental study on the effect of injection timing on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with blends of soy ethyl ester biodiesel and mineral diesel. The researchers tested a single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection diesel engine at various injection timings ranging from 0 to 24 degrees before top dead center. They measured parameters like brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, and smoke density. The results showed that brake thermal efficiency increased and specific fuel consumption decreased with increasing injection timing up to 12 degrees. Emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and oxides of nitrogen also decreased with increasing injection timing up
Feasibility and Future Prospects of Biodiesel use in IC Engines - A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document provides a review of the feasibility and future prospects of using biodiesel in internal combustion (IC) engines. It discusses biodiesel production through the transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats with an alcohol. Biodiesel has properties similar to petroleum diesel, including density, flash point, and calorific value. The document compares the properties of various biodiesel fuels derived from crops like jatropha, karanja, castor, and mahua. It also examines engine performance parameters like brake mean effective pressure and mechanical efficiency when operating on biodiesel. Emissions are also evaluated when using biodiesel and its blends with petroleum diesel in IC engines.
A REVIEW PAPER ON PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION TEST OF 4 STROKE DIESEL ENGINE USI...ijsrd.com
This document summarizes a review paper on performance and emission testing of a 4-stroke diesel engine using ethanol-diesel blends at different pressures. The paper reviews several previous studies that tested blends of 5-30% ethanol mixed with diesel fuel. The studies found that a 10-20% ethanol blend can improve brake thermal efficiency compared to pure diesel, while also reducing emissions like NOx and smoke. Higher ethanol blends required advancing the injection timing to allow the engine to run. Ethanol-diesel blends were found to have lower density, viscosity, pour point and higher flash point compared to pure diesel. Overall, ethanol shows potential as a renewable fuel to improve engine performance and reduce emissions when blended with diesel
Performance Analysis of 4 Stroke Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Blend O...IJMER
In current scenario, there are continuously increasing the number of automobiles and
correspondingly increasing the fuel consumption as well as fuel prices. In this regard, biodiesel is
found as an alternative fuel derived from natural fats or vegetable oils and it is considered as an
attractive alternative to replace diesel fuel.
In this work, biodiesel prepared from soya oil by Transesterification process with methyl alcohol.
Processed soya oil is blended with diesel in different proportions as B-10, B-20, B-30, B-40 and B-50.
Thermodynamic analysis of 4stroke single cylinder diesel engine, By using different blends of diesel &
soya oil has been carried out the effect of B-10,B-20,B-30,B-40,B-50 on the Brake Power, Thermal
Efficiency, Brake Specific Fuel Consumption and Total Fuel Consumption has been absorbed. The
experimental result shows that at B-40, the optimum BTE (12.09), maximum BP (1.221) and minimum
BSFC (0.694)
Biodiesel development from cebia pentandra seed oilprj_publication
This document summarizes a study that produced biodiesel from Ceiba Pentandra (Kapok) seed oil through transesterification with methanol and potassium hydroxide catalyst. The biodiesel was characterized according to ASTM standards and blended with petrodiesel. The blends were then tested in a single cylinder diesel engine to evaluate performance characteristics like brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption, as well as emission levels, compared to petrodiesel. Results showed brake thermal efficiency slightly decreased with higher biodiesel content blends compared to petrodiesel, while fuel consumption and emissions increased. Ceiba Pentandra biodiesel blends up to 30% were found to perform adequately in the diesel engine
Study and comparison of emission characteristics of n butanol diesel blend i...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study comparing the emission characteristics of n-butanol/diesel blends and pure diesel in a single cylinder diesel engine. Experiments were conducted with blends containing 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% n-butanol by volume. Emissions of HC, CO, CO2, and O2 were measured at engine loads of 30%, 60%, and 90%. The results showed that the n-butanol blends produced lower emissions of HC, CO, and CO2 compared to pure diesel. O2 emissions were higher for the blends, confirming the oxygenating effect of n-butanol. The study concluded that n-butanol blending reduced harmful emissions while helping to limit global warming and
This document provides an overview of biodiesel production methods and their impact on emissions. It discusses the advantages of heterogeneous catalysts over homogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production. The document then reviews several studies on biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using transesterification with various catalysts and production methods. Key findings from these studies include higher biodiesel yields from transesterification at 60°C and reductions in emissions like CO and smoke when using biodiesel blends compared to diesel fuel. The document concludes by stating that biodiesel production from waste oils helps address issues of decreasing oil reserves, environmental pollution, and high fuel prices.
This document outlines an experimental investigation on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with mahua oil methyl ester (biodiesel) and an additive. The objectives were to produce biodiesel from mahua oil via transesterification, characterize fuel properties, prepare test fuels as biodiesel blends, and test the blends in a diesel engine. Various engine performance and emission parameters were estimated using the blends and compared to diesel. The results showed that with increasing additive percentage in the biodiesel, engine performance improved with lower emissions. The conclusion was that mahua biodiesel with an additive can be a suitable alternative fuel for diesel engines.
An Experimental Investigation on Performance and Emission Parameters using WT...Working as a Lecturer
this ppt for the Dissertation work for the An Experimental Investigation on Performance and Emission Parameters using WTO – Diesel blend with Additives in a Diesel Engine,contain all detail anlysis with result.
Bionic's µfuel catalytic MWDP (microwave depolymerization) process is a 2nd generation biomass/waste-to-fuel process ready for commercialization in 2011.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Performance and emission characteristics of al2 o3 coated lhr engine operated...eSAT Journals
Abstract Biodiesel is a renewable and environmental friendly alternative fuel which can be used as a substitute for diesel in compression engine. Biodiesel can be prepared from vegetable oils and animal fats. But the application of biodiesel in diesel engine will decrease the engine’s efficiency and increase the specific fuel consumption. Application of ceramic coatings in engine will help to solve these problems. This paper presents the experimental results of mahua oil biodiesel blend in an Al2O3 ceramic coated compression ignition engine. The brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon and oxides of nitrogen emissions of both diesel and mahua oil biodiesel blend were measured before and after coating and the results are described in this paper. Keywords: Mahua oil, biodiesel, ceramic coating, low heat rejection.
PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOGAS –PETROL DUAL FUEL IN SI EN...IAEME Publication
Towards the effort of reducing the dependency on petroleum fuel, one of the solutions is to use gaseous fuel as a partial supplement of liquid petrol fuel. In this experiment, four cylinder SI engine was tested with petrol as a fuel and petrol with partial substitution of biogas as fuel. Different percentages of biogas substitution in petrol were tested like B10 (90% Petrol +10% biogas), B20(80% Petrol +20% Biogas), B40(60%Petrol +40% Biogas). Test was conducted to study and compare the performance, emission and combustion characteristic of the engine for both the modes of engine operation. Biogas production was carried out using kitchen waste as a feedstock. Results clearly revealed that performance of the engine improved with the increases in amount of the gas substitution. Bsfc and brake thermal efficiency were found to improve. However emissions increased with the increases in the amount of gas substitution.
Design and development of pyrolysis batch reactor and characterization of tir...eSAT Journals
Abstract Owing to the increased fuel crises and rapid growth of transportation sector, it is very much necessary to identify and alternative to petroleum feed stocks. On the other hand disposal of solid waste material raises the hazard of environmental pollution. In order to bridge these gaps, a pyrolysis batch reactor was designed and fabricated in the present investigation with an overall dimension of 400 X 200 X 458 cm and handling capacity of 10 kgs per cycle. The yield of TPO was optimized with reaction temperature to produce high quantity of gaseous outputs. Elemental analysis, Gas chromatography Mass spectrometry analysis and Fourier transform infrared analysis were carried out and found that limonene was the major compound in the TPO. The FT IR analysis also revealed the presence of aliphatic and aromatic compounds in the TPO. The physio-chemical properties of TPO were determined using Indian standard 1448 standards and were found to usable in internal combustion engine as treated TPO and blends of TPO with straight diesel. Keywords: Pyrolysis, Elemental analysis, Limonene, Calorific value, Sulphur.
Canola biodiesel an experimental investigation for production of biodiesel a...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes an experimental investigation into producing biodiesel from canola waste cooking oil and testing performance when used in a diesel engine. Canola biodiesel (CB) was produced through transesterification and tested in blends with diesel of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 100% CB. Testing was conducted on a single cylinder diesel engine at varying loads. Results showed that CB20 had the highest brake thermal efficiency and lowest fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperatures compared to other blends and diesel, meeting biodiesel standards. It was concluded that CB20 can be used as an alternative fuel without modifying the engine.
IRJET-A Review on Performance Analysis of VCR Engine Working with Fumigated B...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the performance and emissions of a diesel engine running on fumigated biodiesel. It discusses how biodiesel is produced through transesterification of vegetable oils. An experiment was conducted using a single-cylinder diesel engine fueled with pine oil biodiesel through fumigation into the intake air. The properties of biodiesel such as calorific value, viscosity, and flash point are compared to diesel. Results found that fumigated biodiesel can be used in a diesel engine without modification and reduces emissions. Key findings of the experiment are summarized.
This research paper investigates the effects of varying injection opening pressure on the performance, combustion, and emissions of a diesel engine operating in dual fuel mode with mahua oil methyl ester (MOME) and hydrogen. Experiments were conducted at four injection opening pressures ranging from 200 to 275 bars. The results showed that an injection opening pressure of 250 bars produced the maximum brake thermal efficiency and minimum brake specific fuel consumption, along with lowest emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and smoke. Higher injection opening pressures above 250 bars led to decreased performance and increased emissions. Therefore, an injection opening pressure of 250 bars was found to be optimal for the dual fuel operation of 22.5 liters per minute of hydrogen and a 20
IRJET- Comparative Study and Analysis of Performance and Emissions Characteri...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study that used computational modeling to analyze the performance and emissions characteristics of a diesel engine running on various biodiesel blends. The study tested blends of palm oil, soybean methyl ester, and coconut oil blended with diesel fuel. The simulations analyzed parameters like engine power, torque, fuel consumption, and emissions of gases like NOx, SOx, and particulate matter. The results were compared to analyze which biodiesel blends provided the best performance and lowest harmful emissions. The goal was to identify optimal biodiesel blends and fuels that could reduce emissions while maintaining good engine performance.
IRJET- Effect of Biodiesel Blends and Back Pressure on Exhaust Temperatur...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on the effect of biodiesel blends and exhaust back pressure on engine performance and emissions. Biodiesel was produced from Jatropha and Karanja oils using transesterification. The biodiesel blends (B5, B10, B20) were tested in a diesel engine along with diesel as the baseline. The tests measured parameters like brake power, thermal efficiency, fuel consumption under varying loads. The results showed that the biodiesel blends had slightly higher brake power and thermal efficiency than diesel. Exhaust temperature and emissions like CO were also lower for the biodiesel blends compared to diesel. The study aims to understand the relationship between exhaust
This document analyzes emissions from a biogas-diesel dual fuel engine compared to operation on neat diesel fuel alone. The following were observed:
1. NOx and CO2 emissions were lower in dual fuel mode, with NOx reduced 27-57% and CO2 reduced 4-18% compared to neat diesel.
2. HC, CO and O2 emissions were higher in dual fuel mode compared to neat diesel alone. HC was reduced from 200 ppm at low load to 63 ppm at high load.
3. Dual fuel operation showed potential to reduce NOx and CO2 emissions while increasing HC, CO and O2 compared to neat diesel fuel. Further optimization is needed to reduce
Emission characteristics of a diesel engine using soyabean oil and diesel blendseSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of CI Engine Fuelled with Karanji Oil a...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation of a CI engine fueled with karanji biodiesel using pyrogallol as an antioxidant additive. Karanji seed oil was converted to biodiesel via a transesterification process and blended with diesel in ratios of B10, B15 and B20 (10%, 15%, 20% biodiesel). Pyrogallol was added to these blends as an antioxidant. The engine performance and emissions were tested for the various blends and compared to pure diesel. The results showed that brake thermal efficiency was higher for the biodiesel blends compared to diesel. Emissions of CO, CO2 and HC were also lower for the biodiesel blends,
Effect of Injection Timing on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Die...IRJET Journal
This document discusses an experimental study on the effect of injection timing on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with blends of soy ethyl ester biodiesel and mineral diesel. The researchers tested a single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection diesel engine at various injection timings ranging from 0 to 24 degrees before top dead center. They measured parameters like brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, and smoke density. The results showed that brake thermal efficiency increased and specific fuel consumption decreased with increasing injection timing up to 12 degrees. Emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and oxides of nitrogen also decreased with increasing injection timing up
Feasibility and Future Prospects of Biodiesel use in IC Engines - A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document provides a review of the feasibility and future prospects of using biodiesel in internal combustion (IC) engines. It discusses biodiesel production through the transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats with an alcohol. Biodiesel has properties similar to petroleum diesel, including density, flash point, and calorific value. The document compares the properties of various biodiesel fuels derived from crops like jatropha, karanja, castor, and mahua. It also examines engine performance parameters like brake mean effective pressure and mechanical efficiency when operating on biodiesel. Emissions are also evaluated when using biodiesel and its blends with petroleum diesel in IC engines.
A REVIEW PAPER ON PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION TEST OF 4 STROKE DIESEL ENGINE USI...ijsrd.com
This document summarizes a review paper on performance and emission testing of a 4-stroke diesel engine using ethanol-diesel blends at different pressures. The paper reviews several previous studies that tested blends of 5-30% ethanol mixed with diesel fuel. The studies found that a 10-20% ethanol blend can improve brake thermal efficiency compared to pure diesel, while also reducing emissions like NOx and smoke. Higher ethanol blends required advancing the injection timing to allow the engine to run. Ethanol-diesel blends were found to have lower density, viscosity, pour point and higher flash point compared to pure diesel. Overall, ethanol shows potential as a renewable fuel to improve engine performance and reduce emissions when blended with diesel
Performance Analysis of 4 Stroke Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Blend O...IJMER
In current scenario, there are continuously increasing the number of automobiles and
correspondingly increasing the fuel consumption as well as fuel prices. In this regard, biodiesel is
found as an alternative fuel derived from natural fats or vegetable oils and it is considered as an
attractive alternative to replace diesel fuel.
In this work, biodiesel prepared from soya oil by Transesterification process with methyl alcohol.
Processed soya oil is blended with diesel in different proportions as B-10, B-20, B-30, B-40 and B-50.
Thermodynamic analysis of 4stroke single cylinder diesel engine, By using different blends of diesel &
soya oil has been carried out the effect of B-10,B-20,B-30,B-40,B-50 on the Brake Power, Thermal
Efficiency, Brake Specific Fuel Consumption and Total Fuel Consumption has been absorbed. The
experimental result shows that at B-40, the optimum BTE (12.09), maximum BP (1.221) and minimum
BSFC (0.694)
Biodiesel development from cebia pentandra seed oilprj_publication
This document summarizes a study that produced biodiesel from Ceiba Pentandra (Kapok) seed oil through transesterification with methanol and potassium hydroxide catalyst. The biodiesel was characterized according to ASTM standards and blended with petrodiesel. The blends were then tested in a single cylinder diesel engine to evaluate performance characteristics like brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption, as well as emission levels, compared to petrodiesel. Results showed brake thermal efficiency slightly decreased with higher biodiesel content blends compared to petrodiesel, while fuel consumption and emissions increased. Ceiba Pentandra biodiesel blends up to 30% were found to perform adequately in the diesel engine
Study and comparison of emission characteristics of n butanol diesel blend i...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study comparing the emission characteristics of n-butanol/diesel blends and pure diesel in a single cylinder diesel engine. Experiments were conducted with blends containing 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% n-butanol by volume. Emissions of HC, CO, CO2, and O2 were measured at engine loads of 30%, 60%, and 90%. The results showed that the n-butanol blends produced lower emissions of HC, CO, and CO2 compared to pure diesel. O2 emissions were higher for the blends, confirming the oxygenating effect of n-butanol. The study concluded that n-butanol blending reduced harmful emissions while helping to limit global warming and
This document provides an overview of biodiesel production methods and their impact on emissions. It discusses the advantages of heterogeneous catalysts over homogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production. The document then reviews several studies on biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using transesterification with various catalysts and production methods. Key findings from these studies include higher biodiesel yields from transesterification at 60°C and reductions in emissions like CO and smoke when using biodiesel blends compared to diesel fuel. The document concludes by stating that biodiesel production from waste oils helps address issues of decreasing oil reserves, environmental pollution, and high fuel prices.
This document outlines an experimental investigation on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with mahua oil methyl ester (biodiesel) and an additive. The objectives were to produce biodiesel from mahua oil via transesterification, characterize fuel properties, prepare test fuels as biodiesel blends, and test the blends in a diesel engine. Various engine performance and emission parameters were estimated using the blends and compared to diesel. The results showed that with increasing additive percentage in the biodiesel, engine performance improved with lower emissions. The conclusion was that mahua biodiesel with an additive can be a suitable alternative fuel for diesel engines.
An Experimental Investigation on Performance and Emission Parameters using WT...Working as a Lecturer
this ppt for the Dissertation work for the An Experimental Investigation on Performance and Emission Parameters using WTO – Diesel blend with Additives in a Diesel Engine,contain all detail anlysis with result.
Bionic's µfuel catalytic MWDP (microwave depolymerization) process is a 2nd generation biomass/waste-to-fuel process ready for commercialization in 2011.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Performance and emission characteristics of al2 o3 coated lhr engine operated...eSAT Journals
Abstract Biodiesel is a renewable and environmental friendly alternative fuel which can be used as a substitute for diesel in compression engine. Biodiesel can be prepared from vegetable oils and animal fats. But the application of biodiesel in diesel engine will decrease the engine’s efficiency and increase the specific fuel consumption. Application of ceramic coatings in engine will help to solve these problems. This paper presents the experimental results of mahua oil biodiesel blend in an Al2O3 ceramic coated compression ignition engine. The brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon and oxides of nitrogen emissions of both diesel and mahua oil biodiesel blend were measured before and after coating and the results are described in this paper. Keywords: Mahua oil, biodiesel, ceramic coating, low heat rejection.
PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOGAS –PETROL DUAL FUEL IN SI EN...IAEME Publication
Towards the effort of reducing the dependency on petroleum fuel, one of the solutions is to use gaseous fuel as a partial supplement of liquid petrol fuel. In this experiment, four cylinder SI engine was tested with petrol as a fuel and petrol with partial substitution of biogas as fuel. Different percentages of biogas substitution in petrol were tested like B10 (90% Petrol +10% biogas), B20(80% Petrol +20% Biogas), B40(60%Petrol +40% Biogas). Test was conducted to study and compare the performance, emission and combustion characteristic of the engine for both the modes of engine operation. Biogas production was carried out using kitchen waste as a feedstock. Results clearly revealed that performance of the engine improved with the increases in amount of the gas substitution. Bsfc and brake thermal efficiency were found to improve. However emissions increased with the increases in the amount of gas substitution.
Design and development of pyrolysis batch reactor and characterization of tir...eSAT Journals
Abstract Owing to the increased fuel crises and rapid growth of transportation sector, it is very much necessary to identify and alternative to petroleum feed stocks. On the other hand disposal of solid waste material raises the hazard of environmental pollution. In order to bridge these gaps, a pyrolysis batch reactor was designed and fabricated in the present investigation with an overall dimension of 400 X 200 X 458 cm and handling capacity of 10 kgs per cycle. The yield of TPO was optimized with reaction temperature to produce high quantity of gaseous outputs. Elemental analysis, Gas chromatography Mass spectrometry analysis and Fourier transform infrared analysis were carried out and found that limonene was the major compound in the TPO. The FT IR analysis also revealed the presence of aliphatic and aromatic compounds in the TPO. The physio-chemical properties of TPO were determined using Indian standard 1448 standards and were found to usable in internal combustion engine as treated TPO and blends of TPO with straight diesel. Keywords: Pyrolysis, Elemental analysis, Limonene, Calorific value, Sulphur.
Canola biodiesel an experimental investigation for production of biodiesel a...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes an experimental investigation into producing biodiesel from canola waste cooking oil and testing performance when used in a diesel engine. Canola biodiesel (CB) was produced through transesterification and tested in blends with diesel of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 100% CB. Testing was conducted on a single cylinder diesel engine at varying loads. Results showed that CB20 had the highest brake thermal efficiency and lowest fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperatures compared to other blends and diesel, meeting biodiesel standards. It was concluded that CB20 can be used as an alternative fuel without modifying the engine.
IRJET-A Review on Performance Analysis of VCR Engine Working with Fumigated B...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the performance and emissions of a diesel engine running on fumigated biodiesel. It discusses how biodiesel is produced through transesterification of vegetable oils. An experiment was conducted using a single-cylinder diesel engine fueled with pine oil biodiesel through fumigation into the intake air. The properties of biodiesel such as calorific value, viscosity, and flash point are compared to diesel. Results found that fumigated biodiesel can be used in a diesel engine without modification and reduces emissions. Key findings of the experiment are summarized.
This research paper investigates the effects of varying injection opening pressure on the performance, combustion, and emissions of a diesel engine operating in dual fuel mode with mahua oil methyl ester (MOME) and hydrogen. Experiments were conducted at four injection opening pressures ranging from 200 to 275 bars. The results showed that an injection opening pressure of 250 bars produced the maximum brake thermal efficiency and minimum brake specific fuel consumption, along with lowest emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and smoke. Higher injection opening pressures above 250 bars led to decreased performance and increased emissions. Therefore, an injection opening pressure of 250 bars was found to be optimal for the dual fuel operation of 22.5 liters per minute of hydrogen and a 20
IRJET- Comparative Study and Analysis of Performance and Emissions Characteri...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study that used computational modeling to analyze the performance and emissions characteristics of a diesel engine running on various biodiesel blends. The study tested blends of palm oil, soybean methyl ester, and coconut oil blended with diesel fuel. The simulations analyzed parameters like engine power, torque, fuel consumption, and emissions of gases like NOx, SOx, and particulate matter. The results were compared to analyze which biodiesel blends provided the best performance and lowest harmful emissions. The goal was to identify optimal biodiesel blends and fuels that could reduce emissions while maintaining good engine performance.
IRJET- Effect of Biodiesel Blends and Back Pressure on Exhaust Temperatur...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on the effect of biodiesel blends and exhaust back pressure on engine performance and emissions. Biodiesel was produced from Jatropha and Karanja oils using transesterification. The biodiesel blends (B5, B10, B20) were tested in a diesel engine along with diesel as the baseline. The tests measured parameters like brake power, thermal efficiency, fuel consumption under varying loads. The results showed that the biodiesel blends had slightly higher brake power and thermal efficiency than diesel. Exhaust temperature and emissions like CO were also lower for the biodiesel blends compared to diesel. The study aims to understand the relationship between exhaust
The search for alternative fuels in last few decades is intensive due to the rapid
depletion of petroleum fuels and their ever increasing costs. There is a great need to
reduce the consumption of conventional fuels in both developed and developing countries.
The consumption and demand of the petroleum based fuels is increasing every year due
to the increased industrialization and innovation in the world. The aim of the present
experimental work is to evaluate the impact of various compression ratio using blends of
diesel fuel with 20% concentration of Methyl Ester of Jatropha biodiesel blended with bio
additive and the blends of diesel fuel with 20% concentration of methyl ester of mahua
biodiesel blended with bio additive as an alternate fuel. The experiment is carried out
with three different compression ratios in DI diesel engine. Biodiesel is extracted from
Jatropha oil and mahua oil, 20% (B20) concentration with 3ml bio additive is found to
be the best blend ratio from the earlier experimental study. 3ml of biodiesel B20MEOJBA
and 3ml of B20MEOMBA is tested with compression ratio of 17.5. The purpose of the
experimental study is to obtain better efficiency, minimum specific fuel consumption, and
lower smoke and lesser emission. This is done by increasing cetane number using
combustion additives of 3ml bio additive blends with biodiesel when compared with the
baseline diesel.
Experimental Investigation of Blends of Esterified Coconut Oil and Sunflower ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation of blends of esterified coconut oil and sunflower oil used in a 4-stroke compression ignition engine. Various blends of the two vegetable oils with diesel were tested in a single cylinder engine to analyze their performance characteristics and emissions. The best performing blend was identified as having the highest brake power and thermal efficiency, lowest brake specific fuel consumption, and minimum smoke density emissions. This blend could serve as a suitable alternative to diesel fuel.
IRJET- Experimental Analysis of Emission Performance Characteristics on Diese...IRJET Journal
This document describes an experimental study analyzing the emission performance of diesel and biodiesel blends with exhaust gas recirculation in a diesel engine. Biodiesel was produced from Jatropha oil using acid esterification and alkaline transesterification. Experiments were conducted on a single cylinder diesel engine operated with biodiesel-diesel blends (B10, B20) under natural aspiration and exhaust gas recirculation conditions. Engine performance, combustion parameters, and emissions of CO, HC, smoke and NOx were measured and compared under different test conditions. Instrumentation included an oscilloscope to monitor in-cylinder pressure and a dynamometer to measure engine speed and load.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Performance & Emission Characteristi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation into the performance and emissions of a single cylinder diesel engine run on palm biodiesel with magnetic treatment. Key findings include:
- Palm biodiesel was produced via transesterification and used with a magnetic energizer in the fuel system.
- Testing examined the impact on engine performance parameters like efficiency and emissions like CO and NOx compared to conventional diesel.
- Results showed palm biodiesel with magnetic treatment can provide better engine efficiency while reducing some harmful emissions like CO compared to pure diesel.
IRJET- Performance and Emission Analysis of Diesel Engine using Delonix R...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with blends of biodiesel produced from Delonix regia oil mixed with conventional diesel. Tests were conducted on a single cylinder diesel engine at 1500 rpm under varying load conditions. Biodiesel blends of B25, B50, B75 and B100 were tested and compared to baseline diesel. Results showed that biodiesel blends increased fuel consumption but improved brake thermal efficiency up to 2.5% for B25. Emissions of NOx and CO2 decreased with biodiesel while CO and hydrocarbons increased. Biodiesel also decreased ignition delay and reduced the premixed combustion peak. The conclusions are that biodie
IRJET- Performance Evaluation and Emission Testing of Simarouba Seeds Oil Bio...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study that evaluated the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with blends of biodiesel produced from Simarouba seed oil. Various blends of Simarouba biodiesel and diesel (B00, B10, B20, B30, B40, B50) were tested in a single cylinder diesel engine. The results showed that the B20 blend had the highest brake thermal efficiency and lowest brake specific fuel consumption compared to other blends and diesel. Emissions of CO, HC, and CO2 also tended to be lower for the biodiesel blends compared to diesel alone. Based on the performance and emissions results, the study concluded that the B20
IRJET- Experimental Investigations on Combination of Castor and Neem Biod...IRJET Journal
The document presents the results of an experimental investigation on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with blends of castor and neem biodiesel. The biodiesel was produced from a 50:50 mixture of castor and neem methyl esters. The engine was tested with blends B10, B20, and B30 at compression ratios of 16.5, 17.5, and 18.5 and loads ranging from 50-100%. Test results show that the B10 blend had higher brake thermal efficiency and lower emissions than other blends or diesel, performing nearly equivalent to diesel at 18.5 CR. The B10 blend can therefore be used without engine modifications as a substitute for diesel.
IRJET- Performance of a CI Engine using Karanja Biodiesel Blend: A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document reviews the performance of a compression ignition (CI) engine using karanja biodiesel blend. It first discusses the need for alternative fuels due to increasing fuel prices and depletion of fossil fuels. It then provides details about karanja oil, including its classification and local market rates in India. The document reviews various methods for preparing karanja biodiesel, including transesterification. Finally, it summarizes several studies that have evaluated the performance and emissions of CI engines operating on karanja biodiesel blends, finding that a 20% blend generally provides benefits over pure diesel without requiring engine modifications.
IRJET- Comparison of Performance & Emission Tests using Bio Diesel from S...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that compared the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel from Simarouba and Honge oils. Biodiesel was produced from Simarouba and Honge seeds via transesterification. Blends of 10% and 20% biodiesel with diesel (B10 and B20) were tested in a single cylinder, four stroke diesel engine. The performance parameters like brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, volumetric efficiency and exhaust gas temperature were evaluated at varying loads. Emission levels of HC, CO, NOx, CO2 and O2 were also measured. The results showed that the biodiesel blends had lower HC and CO emissions
Experimental Investigation of Performance, Emission and Combustion Characteri...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study that tested various biodiesel-methanol-diesel blends in a single cylinder diesel engine. The biodiesel was produced from Kusum seed oil. The engine performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics were analyzed for blends with 15%, 25%, 35%, and 45% biodiesel, 5% methanol, and the remainder diesel. Overall, the blends showed higher fuel consumption but lower carbon monoxide emissions than diesel. Nitrogen oxide emissions increased with higher methanol content in the blends, while carbon monoxide decreased. A 5% methanol blend was more effective at reducing carbon monoxide than a 45% biodiesel blend. Cylinder pressure and heat
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Performance and Emission Characteris...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental investigation of the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine operating on blends of neem biodiesel, ethanol, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The experiments were conducted on a single cylinder diesel engine with variations in the percentage of EGR from 0-20%. Key findings include:
1) Increasing the percentage of EGR in the fuel mixture resulted in reductions in oxides of nitrogen emissions from the engine. The maximum reduction was observed at 20% EGR.
2) Using ethanol in the fuel blends helped reduce emissions of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide compared to operation on pure diesel, especially at higher EGR rates.
3) Among the biod
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of biodiesel-diesel blends on the exhaust emissions and performance of a compression ignition engine. Specifically, the study tested neat diesel (100% diesel), B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel), and B50 (50% biodiesel and 50% diesel). The results showed that using biodiesel blends resulted in lower brake thermal efficiency, higher specific fuel consumption, lower exhaust gas temperature, higher CO emissions, and higher HC emissions compared to neat diesel. However, CO2 emissions were lower when using biodiesel blends. The conclusion was that B20 and B50 can be used in diesel engines without modifications as an alternative to
IRJET-Experimental Investigation on Mixing of Biodiesel Blends on VCR Engine ...IRJET Journal
This document reports on an experimental investigation of operating a variable compression ratio diesel engine using blends of biodiesel from custard apple seed oil, mahua oil, and diesel with aluminum oxide nano particles. The performance and emissions of the engine were examined for various blends at compression ratios of 15 and 17 across different engine loads. The results showed that a 10% custard apple seed oil, 10% mahua oil, 80% diesel blend with nano particles (C10M10+NANO) had higher brake thermal efficiency at a compression ratio of 17 compared to diesel. However, this same blend had higher fuel consumption at a compression ratio of 15. Emissions such as CO, CO2, and NOx
Performance Evaluation of Al2o3 Nano Fluid with Canola OilIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the performance of a diesel engine fueled with canola oil biodiesel blended with diesel (B15) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanofluid additives. The canola oil was converted to biodiesel through a base-catalyzed transesterification process. The engine was tested with B15 and Al2O3 nanofluid additives ranging from 30-120ppm. Results showed that B15 with 90ppm nanofluid additive achieved the best performance, with a 3.9% reduction in specific fuel consumption and a 3.29% increase in brake thermal efficiency compared to diesel. Emissions of HC, CO, and NOx also improved
A Study of Performance and Emissions of Diesel Engine fuelled with neat Diese...IOSR Journals
A comparison analysis between neat diesel (petro-diesel) and neat Hydnocarpus Pentandra (Marotti) biodiesel has been carried out on a direct injection diesel engine. The biodiesel has been produced from raw Hydnocarpus Pentandra oil by transesterification process by adding methanol and base catalyst. The optimum nozzle pressure of 250 bar and static injection timing of 20° bTDC are considered because these conditions only were found to give minimum emissions and better performance. The engine performance and emissions of diesel engine fuelled with neat diesel and neat Hydnocarpus Pentandra (Marotti) (or) Marotti Oil Methyl Ester (MOME) results are compared and presented. From the test results, it could be noted that, neat MOME gives lower emissions such as hydrocarbon and oxides of nitrogen as compared to neat diesel for all load under steady state condition of the engine.
IRJET- Raspberry Pi and Image Processing based Person Recognition System for ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with blends of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil and kerosene. Waste cooking oil was converted to biodiesel via a transesterification process and then blended with kerosene at ratios of 10%, 20%, and 50% kerosene. The blends were tested in a single cylinder diesel engine and results showed that a 50% kerosene blend increased brake thermal efficiency by 2.55% compared to pure biodiesel and reduced smoke, CO, and HC emissions while slightly increasing NOx emissions. The 50% kerosene blend provided the best performance and emissions characteristics of the fuels tested.
IRJET- Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Biodiesel from Waste Cook...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with blends of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil and kerosene. Waste cooking oil was converted to biodiesel via a transesterification process using methanol and KOH catalyst. The biodiesel was then blended with kerosene in proportions of 10%, 20%, and 50% and tested in a single cylinder diesel engine. Test results showed that a 50% blend of kerosene and biodiesel increased brake thermal efficiency by 2.55% compared to pure biodiesel. Specific fuel consumption was also reduced. CO, HC, and smoke emissions decreased with the 50% blend while NOx increased slightly
IRJET- Performance Evaluation and Pollution Emission Characteristics of F...IRJET Journal
The document evaluates the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel made from mustard oil. The key findings are:
- Brake power and volumetric efficiency of the engine decreased slightly with increasing biodiesel blend ratios, while brake thermal efficiency increased. Specific fuel consumption also decreased.
- Exhaust emissions of CO and NOx decreased with higher biodiesel blend ratios, while emissions of O2 increased and CO2 decreased slightly.
- The results indicate that biodiesel produced from mustard oil can be effectively used in diesel engines without modifications, and use of biodiesel blends provides environmental benefits through reduced emissions.
Similar to IRJET- Study and Performance Analysis of Biofuel (Lemongrass Oil) by Varying Injection Pressure (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
AI for Legal Research with applications, toolsmahaffeycheryld
AI applications in legal research include rapid document analysis, case law review, and statute interpretation. AI-powered tools can sift through vast legal databases to find relevant precedents and citations, enhancing research accuracy and speed. They assist in legal writing by drafting and proofreading documents. Predictive analytics help foresee case outcomes based on historical data, aiding in strategic decision-making. AI also automates routine tasks like contract review and due diligence, freeing up lawyers to focus on complex legal issues. These applications make legal research more efficient, cost-effective, and accessible.
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Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...PIMR BHOPAL
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.