This document reviews various methods for refining the microstructure of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys to improve their wear characteristics and mechanical properties. Specifically, it discusses how refining the silicon particle size through melt treatment techniques like adding rare earth metals, stirring, and ultrasonic treatment can decrease friction and enhance properties like hardness. It also examines how rapid solidification methods like pulsed cooling can produce nanostructured alloys with improved wear resistance. The review concludes that microstructure refinement leading to a uniform dispersion of small silicon particles enhances the alloy's tribological performance and mechanical properties.
A Review on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Aluminium Metal Matri...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of the mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminium metal matrix composites (AMCs). It discusses how AMCs exhibit improved strength, toughness, and other properties compared to aluminium alone. The document reviews the mechanical behavior and microstructure of various AMCs reinforced with materials like silicon carbide and fly ash. Testing showed that AMCs with 10% silicon carbide particulate exhibited around 12% higher tensile strength and 17% higher yield strength compared to pure aluminium, along with a 9% increase in hardness. Optical microscopy indicated more uniform distribution of reinforcements when both silicon carbide and fly ash were included.
IRJET- Experimental Analysis on Aluminum Alloy(6063) with Silicon Carbide...IRJET Journal
This document describes an experimental analysis that was conducted on aluminum alloy 6063 reinforced with silicon carbide particles. The study aimed to evaluate the microstructure, mechanical properties, and compare aluminum 6063 with steel at different weight percentages of silicon carbide (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%). The aluminum-silicon carbide composites were produced using stir casting, where silicon carbide particles were added to molten aluminum alloy and mechanically mixed. Tests were performed to analyze the hardness, tensile strength, and wear resistance of the composites compared to steel. The results indicated that adding silicon carbide particles improved the mechanical properties of the aluminum composite material.
The document discusses the manufacturing of an aluminium matrix composite using stir casting. Stir casting involves dispersing a ceramic reinforcement (in this case alumina) into molten aluminium alloy using mechanical stirring. Several process parameters for stir casting are outlined, including a stirring speed of 300 rpm, temperature of 800°C, and stirring time of 5 minutes. The experimental setup used involved heating aluminium alloy to melting, adding 1% magnesium as a wetting agent, and adding preheated alumina reinforcement during stirring. The molten composite was then poured into a preheated mold. The summary concludes that stir casting is a cost-effective method for producing aluminium matrix composites with uniform distribution of reinforcement and enhanced mechanical properties.
Corrosion Characterization of Aluminium 356 Hybrid Composites in Neutral Chlo...ijtsrd
Hybrid composites are the composites which contain two different reinforcements in them. One of the reinforcements will be added in different quantities and another one will be added with same quantity. In this work hybrid composites of aluminium 356 are manufactured by adding fly ash and silicon carbide particulates. Composites are manufactured by liquid melt metallurgy technique using vortex method. Composites containing 2% fly ash and 2, 4 and 6 weight percentages of SiC particulates were manufactured. Matrix alloy was also casted in the same way for comparison. Static weight loss corrosion test and potentiodynamic polarization tests were conducted in different concentrated solutions of neutral chloride like sodium chloride. In both the tests the hybrid composites exhibited decreased corrosion rate with increase in reinforcement content. Hence hybrid composites are more suitable than the matrix alloy for applications. V. Bheema Raju | S. Kusuma | P. V. Krupakara | H. C. Ananda Murthy"Corrosion Characterization of Aluminium 356 Hybrid Composites in Neutral Chloride Medium" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd8253.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/physical-chemistry/8253/corrosion-characterization-of-aluminium-356-hybrid-composites-in-neutral-chloride-medium/v-bheema-raju
Preparation and Characterization of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite by using...IRJET Journal
1. The document describes the preparation and characterization of an aluminium metal matrix composite reinforced with welding slag using stir casting technique. Composites with 5%, 7%, and 9% weight fractions of welding slag particles were produced.
2. Hardness testing found that the hardness increased with increasing weight fraction of welding slag reinforcement. The unreinforced Al6061 alloy had a hardness of 95 BHN while the composite with 9% welding slag particles achieved a hardness of 96.9 BHN.
3. The study demonstrated that welding slag particles can effectively improve the hardness of an aluminium metal matrix composite when incorporated using stir casting, indicating potential applications where increased strength is required.
Fabrication and evaluation of mechanical properties of al6061 IJARIIT
Metal matrix composite are widely used in automotive industries because they exhibits different mechanical properties
such as high strength and good wear resistance, high specific stiffness, low weight and high hardness etc. Due to these properties
metal matrix composite with particulate reinforcement and fabricating method has become one of the most important areas of
research. The work is mainly focus on fabrication of Al 6061 reinforced with 4% B4C (particle size 100 mesh) & 4% Cu and
method used for fabrication is stir casting method. Tensile strength, hardness, impact strength, microstructure of fabricated
composite are used to characterize it. By addition of B4C & Cu tensile strength and hardness of the fabricated composite has
increased and slightly decreased in impact strength. Scanning Electron microscopy is used to confirm the microstructure and
uniform distribution of B4C & Cu particles in metal matrix composite. The value of tensile strength increase up to 20% and
hardness increase upto15% due to addition of B4C & Cu paritcles.The physical and mechanical properties of composite are
improved so it can be used for automotive industrial applications.
Experimental Study of Wear Rate Coefficient of Aluminium Hybrid Composites Ma...AM Publications
In current decade, demand in material characteristics like light weight, superior strength to weight ratio, improved surface properties and enhanced wear resistance for complex engineering applications like automobile, aerospace and nuclear are researcher’s interest. However, performance of hybrid composites depends on right combination of reinforcements. Silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron nitride and titanium carbide are few reinforcements available at present. In this work, Al356 is reinforced with SiC and B4C to enhance the mechanical properties, surface hardness and wear resistance. This hybrid composite is prepared by stir casting technique and the morphology of composite is studied using optical microscope to investigate the dispersion of reinforcements. In the present study, the wear and friction characteristics of hybrid composites are investigated using pin on disc dry wear tests by varying the load and speed and the results are tabulated for load vs mass loss, load vs wear rate and load vs wear coefficient. The results report that wear rate of hybrid composites are lower than that of binary composites. Mechanical properties, surface hardness and wear characteristics of aluminium hybrid composites are compared with that of aluminium binary composites available at present.
Reinforcing Aluminium with other metals to form a composite, improves the physical
and chemical properties of it. In this study, Aluminium which forms the base matrix is
stir casted with various weight percentages of Cr2O3 and TiB2. The properties
corrosion in acidic medium and tensile strength of the composites, are tested using
experimental methods and finally analyzed.
A Review on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Aluminium Metal Matri...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of the mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminium metal matrix composites (AMCs). It discusses how AMCs exhibit improved strength, toughness, and other properties compared to aluminium alone. The document reviews the mechanical behavior and microstructure of various AMCs reinforced with materials like silicon carbide and fly ash. Testing showed that AMCs with 10% silicon carbide particulate exhibited around 12% higher tensile strength and 17% higher yield strength compared to pure aluminium, along with a 9% increase in hardness. Optical microscopy indicated more uniform distribution of reinforcements when both silicon carbide and fly ash were included.
IRJET- Experimental Analysis on Aluminum Alloy(6063) with Silicon Carbide...IRJET Journal
This document describes an experimental analysis that was conducted on aluminum alloy 6063 reinforced with silicon carbide particles. The study aimed to evaluate the microstructure, mechanical properties, and compare aluminum 6063 with steel at different weight percentages of silicon carbide (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%). The aluminum-silicon carbide composites were produced using stir casting, where silicon carbide particles were added to molten aluminum alloy and mechanically mixed. Tests were performed to analyze the hardness, tensile strength, and wear resistance of the composites compared to steel. The results indicated that adding silicon carbide particles improved the mechanical properties of the aluminum composite material.
The document discusses the manufacturing of an aluminium matrix composite using stir casting. Stir casting involves dispersing a ceramic reinforcement (in this case alumina) into molten aluminium alloy using mechanical stirring. Several process parameters for stir casting are outlined, including a stirring speed of 300 rpm, temperature of 800°C, and stirring time of 5 minutes. The experimental setup used involved heating aluminium alloy to melting, adding 1% magnesium as a wetting agent, and adding preheated alumina reinforcement during stirring. The molten composite was then poured into a preheated mold. The summary concludes that stir casting is a cost-effective method for producing aluminium matrix composites with uniform distribution of reinforcement and enhanced mechanical properties.
Corrosion Characterization of Aluminium 356 Hybrid Composites in Neutral Chlo...ijtsrd
Hybrid composites are the composites which contain two different reinforcements in them. One of the reinforcements will be added in different quantities and another one will be added with same quantity. In this work hybrid composites of aluminium 356 are manufactured by adding fly ash and silicon carbide particulates. Composites are manufactured by liquid melt metallurgy technique using vortex method. Composites containing 2% fly ash and 2, 4 and 6 weight percentages of SiC particulates were manufactured. Matrix alloy was also casted in the same way for comparison. Static weight loss corrosion test and potentiodynamic polarization tests were conducted in different concentrated solutions of neutral chloride like sodium chloride. In both the tests the hybrid composites exhibited decreased corrosion rate with increase in reinforcement content. Hence hybrid composites are more suitable than the matrix alloy for applications. V. Bheema Raju | S. Kusuma | P. V. Krupakara | H. C. Ananda Murthy"Corrosion Characterization of Aluminium 356 Hybrid Composites in Neutral Chloride Medium" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd8253.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/physical-chemistry/8253/corrosion-characterization-of-aluminium-356-hybrid-composites-in-neutral-chloride-medium/v-bheema-raju
Preparation and Characterization of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite by using...IRJET Journal
1. The document describes the preparation and characterization of an aluminium metal matrix composite reinforced with welding slag using stir casting technique. Composites with 5%, 7%, and 9% weight fractions of welding slag particles were produced.
2. Hardness testing found that the hardness increased with increasing weight fraction of welding slag reinforcement. The unreinforced Al6061 alloy had a hardness of 95 BHN while the composite with 9% welding slag particles achieved a hardness of 96.9 BHN.
3. The study demonstrated that welding slag particles can effectively improve the hardness of an aluminium metal matrix composite when incorporated using stir casting, indicating potential applications where increased strength is required.
Fabrication and evaluation of mechanical properties of al6061 IJARIIT
Metal matrix composite are widely used in automotive industries because they exhibits different mechanical properties
such as high strength and good wear resistance, high specific stiffness, low weight and high hardness etc. Due to these properties
metal matrix composite with particulate reinforcement and fabricating method has become one of the most important areas of
research. The work is mainly focus on fabrication of Al 6061 reinforced with 4% B4C (particle size 100 mesh) & 4% Cu and
method used for fabrication is stir casting method. Tensile strength, hardness, impact strength, microstructure of fabricated
composite are used to characterize it. By addition of B4C & Cu tensile strength and hardness of the fabricated composite has
increased and slightly decreased in impact strength. Scanning Electron microscopy is used to confirm the microstructure and
uniform distribution of B4C & Cu particles in metal matrix composite. The value of tensile strength increase up to 20% and
hardness increase upto15% due to addition of B4C & Cu paritcles.The physical and mechanical properties of composite are
improved so it can be used for automotive industrial applications.
Experimental Study of Wear Rate Coefficient of Aluminium Hybrid Composites Ma...AM Publications
In current decade, demand in material characteristics like light weight, superior strength to weight ratio, improved surface properties and enhanced wear resistance for complex engineering applications like automobile, aerospace and nuclear are researcher’s interest. However, performance of hybrid composites depends on right combination of reinforcements. Silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron nitride and titanium carbide are few reinforcements available at present. In this work, Al356 is reinforced with SiC and B4C to enhance the mechanical properties, surface hardness and wear resistance. This hybrid composite is prepared by stir casting technique and the morphology of composite is studied using optical microscope to investigate the dispersion of reinforcements. In the present study, the wear and friction characteristics of hybrid composites are investigated using pin on disc dry wear tests by varying the load and speed and the results are tabulated for load vs mass loss, load vs wear rate and load vs wear coefficient. The results report that wear rate of hybrid composites are lower than that of binary composites. Mechanical properties, surface hardness and wear characteristics of aluminium hybrid composites are compared with that of aluminium binary composites available at present.
Reinforcing Aluminium with other metals to form a composite, improves the physical
and chemical properties of it. In this study, Aluminium which forms the base matrix is
stir casted with various weight percentages of Cr2O3 and TiB2. The properties
corrosion in acidic medium and tensile strength of the composites, are tested using
experimental methods and finally analyzed.
IRJET- Development of Al-Sic MMC by Bottom Pouring Stir Casting and Parametri...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on developing an aluminum-silicon carbide metal matrix composite (Al-SiC MMC) through bottom pouring stir casting. Al-SiC MMC samples were fabricated with 10%, 15%, and 20% weight fractions of silicon carbide particles. Hardness testing found the 10% composite had the highest hardness. Microstructure analysis of the 15% composite found uneven particle distribution. The document also reviews electrical discharge machining (EDM) as a method to machine such MMCs and discusses how machining parameters like current and pulse time impact the material removal rate, tool wear rate, and surface roughness during EDM of MMCs.
A Review of the Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite and its PropertiesIRJET Journal
1) The document reviews aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMC), which combine an aluminum matrix with reinforcements like silicon carbide, graphite, and fly ash.
2) AMMCs offer benefits like high strength, low density, good wear resistance, and are used in automotive, aerospace, and other industrial applications.
3) Stir casting is commonly used to manufacture AMMCs and results in improved properties when the reinforcements are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum matrix.
IRJET- Effect of Reinforcement of B4C & SIC on Hardness of AA2024IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effect of reinforcing aluminum alloy AA2024 with boron carbide (B4C) and silicon carbide (SiC) particles on the hardness of the composite. AA2024 was reinforced with 5% and 10% mixtures of B4C and SiC using stir casting. Testing found that a 5% reinforcement increased Brinell hardness to 49 BHN and Rockwell hardness to 119 HRB. A 10% reinforcement further increased hardness to 97 BHN and 185 HRB, respectively. The document concludes that reinforcing AA2024 with B4C and SiC improves its mechanical properties by increasing hardness in a linear relationship with reinforcement content.
Synthesis And Characterization of Aluminum –Silicon-Fly Ash Composite By Stir...IRJESJOURNAL
The document summarizes research on the synthesis and characterization of aluminum-silicon carbide-fly ash composites fabricated using stir casting. Three samples were produced: (1) aluminum 7075, (2) 90% aluminum-10% silicon carbide, and (3) 90% aluminum-10% fly ash. The composites were analyzed using chemical confirmation tests, microhardness testing, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that hardness and strength increased with higher reinforcement content. SEM revealed uniform dispersion of silicon carbide and fly ash particles. Microhardness was highest for the aluminum-silicon carbide composite, indicating silicon carbide improved properties more than fly ash. The composites exhibited fairly uniform distribution
Effect of Annealing Process on the Corrosion Resistance of Aluminium 7075-T6 ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the effect of annealing process on the corrosion resistance of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy. Samples of the alloy were annealed at 400°C for durations of 4, 8, and 12 hours. Testing showed that annealed samples had lower corrosion resistance and higher corrosion rates than the base metal in 3.5% NaCl solution. Electrochemical polarization revealed that electrode potentials decreased with increasing annealing time. Scanning electron microscopy indicated the most severe intergranular corrosion on samples with the longest annealing time. In general, annealing the 7075-T6 aluminum alloy reduced its corrosion resistance.
Effect of silicon oxide sio2 reinforced particles on ageing behavior of al 20...IAEME Publication
The document summarizes research on the effect of silicon oxide (SiO2) particles on the aging behavior of an Al-2024 alloy. Key points:
- Al-2024 composites were produced with 0%, 3%, and 6% SiO2 via stir casting and subjected to heat treatments.
- Hardness, tensile strength, and wear resistance were tested for the composites in as-cast and heat treated conditions.
- Heat treatments included solutionizing at 550°C for 2 hours followed by artificial aging at 150°C for times between 1-5 hours.
- The existence of SiO2 particles was found to increase the peak hardness of the alloy and accelerate the aging kinetics compared
REVIEW ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NON-ASBESTOS COMPOSITE MATERIAL USED IN BR...ijiert bestjournal
Metallic matrix composites are combinations of two or more different metals inter metallic compounds or second phases in which dispersed phases are embe dded within the metallic matrix. They are produced by controlling the morphologies of the constituents to achieve optimum combination of properties. Properties of the composites depend on the properti es of the constituent phases,their relative amount,and dispersed phase geometry including particle siz e,shape and orientation in the matrix. In this pap er,The mechanical properties,behaviour and micro stru ctural evolution of aluminium metal matrix metallic composites fabricated under various process conditi ons were investigated to understand their process- structure�property relations by optimization proces s. Addition of silicon carbide to aluminum has show n an increase in its mechanical properties.
The document summarizes research on modifying the microstructure of aluminum alloys through heat treatment and titanium addition. Key findings include:
1) Adding 0.09% titanium partially modifies the silicon particle structure, while 0.18% titanium achieves full modification.
2) Heat homogenization changes the shape of silicon particles from lamellar to spherical through a six-stage process.
3) Higher titanium content (0.18%) refines the aluminum dendrites and inhibits silicon growth, improving mechanical properties.
Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of LM6 Metal Matrix Composite wit...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on the mechanical properties of an LM6 aluminum metal matrix composite reinforced with titanium-boron particles. Specimens were produced using a stir casting technique with 18% and 20% titanium-boron reinforcement by weight. The tensile strength, impact strength, shear strength, torsional strength, and hardness of the specimens were then tested. The study found that the mechanical properties of the composite improved with increasing titanium-boron content.
ALUMINIUM METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE BY STIR CASTING METHODSNEERAJKUMAR1898
This document provides an introduction and literature review on graphite-based aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMCs). It discusses how AMMCs overcome limitations of conventional materials by combining high strength, stiffness, and low density. The document reviews various fabrication techniques for AMMCs and their applications in industries like aerospace and automotive. It summarizes past research that studied mechanical properties of different AMMC compositions and processing methods.
Effect of Volume Fraction (Al2O3) on Tensile Strength of Aluminium 6061 by Va...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the effect of adding aluminum oxide (Al2O3) particles on the tensile strength of aluminum 6061 composites produced via stir casting. Stir casting is described as a common and cost-effective method for fabricating metal matrix composites. The key process parameters of stir casting that influence composite properties are identified as stirrer design and speed, temperature, time, and reinforcement concentration. Literature on aluminum metal matrix composites reinforced with Al2O3 and silicon carbide is summarized, finding that strength and hardness generally increase with higher reinforcement content, while ductility decreases. Adding Al2O3 to aluminum 6061 via stir casting was shown to improve tensile strength over the unreinforced alloy. The document concludes
IRJET- Replacement of Fine Aggregate by Steel Slag in ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated replacing fine aggregate with steel slag in concrete. Steel slag is a byproduct of steel production that is often disposed of in landfills. The study aimed to determine if steel slag could replace a portion of fine aggregate in concrete. Several concrete mixtures with 0%, 25%, and 50% replacement of fine aggregate with steel slag were tested. The compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths of the mixtures were determined after 7 and 28 days. The results showed that 25% and 50% replacement provided comparable or improved strength compared to traditional concrete, suggesting steel slag is a viable partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete.
A study on characterization of Al-18%Si alloy by centrifuge castingdbpublications
Aluminum-silicon alloy are characterized by light weight, good strength –to-weight ratio, ease of fabrication of at reasonable cost, high strength at elevated temperature, good thermal conductivity, excellent castability, good weldability, excellent corrosion and wear resistance property. Thus, these types of alloys are well suited for automotive industries, aerospace structural and military applications. In centrifuge casting solidification rate is faster compared to gravity casting, but still solidification depends on various process parameters like, cooling temperature of molten metal, rotational speed of the die and also wall thickness of die. In centrifuge casting the silicon deposition in aluminum varies from top to bottom. Here Al-Si functionally graded material is used and developed under centrifuge casting. The method used in this work to produce functionally graded material is totally different from other centrifugal casting which helped in producing solid cylindrical parts. This report describes about mechanical characterization of Al-18%Si at different temperature. At 950°C casting shows good ultimate tensile strength and harder metal compared to other casting.
Aluminum-lithium alloys used in the aerospace industry as structural components
and strengthened by age-hardening. This study aims to improve properties of Al-Li
alloys such as strength, behavior hot rolling and addition element, i.e. Mg and Cu to
this alloy. Several tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of alloy, such as
hardness, tensile, and microstructure by OP, SEM and XRD. Result showed that
addition 3.2% Cu to base alloy improve strength from (62MPa) to (78MPa) when
aging at 175°C.and improve hardness from (97.3 Hv) to (119.79Hv) At the same
temperature. But the improvement is great when addition 0.6% Mg to base alloy
improve tensile strength from (62MPa) to (124MPa) at the same time improved
hardness from (119.79Hv) to (152.96Hv) at the same temperature.
IRJET-Fabrication And Testing Of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites Through St...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the fabrication and testing of aluminum metal matrix composites produced through stir casting technique. Magnesium and zinc particles were added to an aluminum alloy 6061 at volume fractions of 3%, 6%, and 9%. The composites were tested for tensile strength, compression strength, hardness, and bending. Tensile testing showed that ultimate tensile strength increased with higher particle content, reaching a maximum of 26.211 MPa for the 9% composite. Compression testing yielded a maximum strength of 20.976 MPa also for the 9% composite. Hardness values ranged from 104-119 Vickers hardness. The study concluded that stir casting can successfully produce aluminum composites with improved mechanical properties over the unreinforced alloy
Microstructure and Hardness of Aluminium Alloy- Fused Silica Particulate Comp...AM Publications
Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) refer to the class of light weight high performance aluminum centric
material systems. The reinforcement in AMCs could be in the form of continuous/discontinuous fibers, whiskers or particulates,
in volume fractions. Properties of AMCs can be tailored to the demands of different industrial applications by suitable
combinations of matrix, reinforcement and processing route. This work focuses on the fabrication of aluminum alloy (LM13)
matrix composites reinforced with 9%, 12% &15% fused silica particulates using stir casting route. The microstructure and
hardness of the fabricated composite were analyzed and reported.
The document discusses a study that examines the effect of adding graphite particles to an aluminum bronze alloy prepared by powder metallurgy. Various weight percentages of graphite were added as a reinforcing element to the base alloy, which has a chemical composition of Cu-11%Al. Tests were conducted to analyze the effect on properties like hardness, compressive strength, and surface roughness after machining. The results showed that adding 0.3% graphite by weight increased the hardness by 7.93% and compressive strength by 11.62%, while also reducing surface roughness after machining by 22.65-32.38%. The study aims to improve the mechanical and machining properties of the aluminum bronze alloy through the addition
Studies on Al8081-B4C Metal Matrix Composites Fabricated by Stir Casting MethodIJMER
Aluminium MMCs are preferred in the fields of aerospace, military, automotive, marine and
in many other domestic applications. In the present work, an attempt has been made to develop and
study the, Mechanical properties of Al-8081/B4C reinforced aluminium metal matrix composites. The
composite was prepared by using Liquid Metallurgy Route (Stir Casting Technique). Liquid state has
some important advantages such as better matrix particle bonding, easier control of matrix structure,
simplicity, low cost of processing, nearer to net shape and wide selection of material. Al-8081 alloy
was taken as the base matrix to which B4C particulates are used as reinforcements. Al8081-B4C
composites were prepared by varying weight percentage of B4C i.e 0 to 6 %, in steps of two. The
objective is to study the effect of B4C particulates on mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile
strength, yield strength and hardness of Al8081 alloy composites. The results of this study revealed
that, as the B4C content was increased, there were significant increases in the ultimate tensile strength,
yield strength and hardness in the composites as compared to the base matrix
A Study on Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Alloy (LM6) Reinforced with SiC...IOSR Journals
This work deals with fabricating or producing aluminium based metal matrix composite and then
studying its microstructure and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, impact strength and wear
behavior of produced test specimen. In the present study a modest attempt has been made to develop aluminium
based MMCs with reinforcing material, with an objective to develop a conventional low cast method of
producing MMCs and to obtain homogeneous dispersion of reinforced material. To achieve this objective stir
casting technique has been adopted. Aluminium Alloy (LM6) and SiC, Fly Ash has been chosen as matrix and
reinforcing material respectively. Experiment has been conducted by varying weight fraction of Fly Ash ( 5%
and 15%) while keeping SiC constant(5%). The result shown that the increase in addition of Fly Ash increases
the Tensile Strength, Impact Strength, Wear Resistance of the specimen and decreases the percentage of
Elongation
Experimental Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloy LM-4 by Vari...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes the effects of varying copper content on the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy LM-4. Five aluminum alloy samples were produced with copper content ranging from 5% to 11% using die casting. Tensile testing showed that ultimate tensile strength increased with increasing copper content, with the highest strength achieved in the 11% copper alloy. Microstructural analysis found that copper improves strength through precipitation strengthening during heat treatment.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Austempering on Mech...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation into the effect of austempering on the mechanical properties and microstructure of high silicon steel. Specimens of high silicon steel were austempered at temperatures of 300°C and 400°C for durations of 2 and 4 hours. Tensile testing, hardness testing, and wear testing were performed on the untreated and austempered specimens. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine changes in microstructure. The experiment aims to understand how austempering affects the mechanical properties and microstructure of high silicon steel.
IRJET- A Review on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Allo...IRJET Journal
The document reviews the effects of mechanical vibration on the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys cast using gravity die casting. It discusses how applying vibration to the mold during casting can refine grain structure and reduce dendrite arm spacing and defects. Several studies cited found that vibration led to higher tensile strength, hardness, and impact strength in cast aluminum alloys by promoting fragmentation of dendrites and a more homogeneous temperature field during solidification. The literature review concluded that vibration casting improves mechanical properties by changing the microstructure through effects on solidification like reducing grain size.
IRJET- Development of Al-Sic MMC by Bottom Pouring Stir Casting and Parametri...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on developing an aluminum-silicon carbide metal matrix composite (Al-SiC MMC) through bottom pouring stir casting. Al-SiC MMC samples were fabricated with 10%, 15%, and 20% weight fractions of silicon carbide particles. Hardness testing found the 10% composite had the highest hardness. Microstructure analysis of the 15% composite found uneven particle distribution. The document also reviews electrical discharge machining (EDM) as a method to machine such MMCs and discusses how machining parameters like current and pulse time impact the material removal rate, tool wear rate, and surface roughness during EDM of MMCs.
A Review of the Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite and its PropertiesIRJET Journal
1) The document reviews aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMC), which combine an aluminum matrix with reinforcements like silicon carbide, graphite, and fly ash.
2) AMMCs offer benefits like high strength, low density, good wear resistance, and are used in automotive, aerospace, and other industrial applications.
3) Stir casting is commonly used to manufacture AMMCs and results in improved properties when the reinforcements are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum matrix.
IRJET- Effect of Reinforcement of B4C & SIC on Hardness of AA2024IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effect of reinforcing aluminum alloy AA2024 with boron carbide (B4C) and silicon carbide (SiC) particles on the hardness of the composite. AA2024 was reinforced with 5% and 10% mixtures of B4C and SiC using stir casting. Testing found that a 5% reinforcement increased Brinell hardness to 49 BHN and Rockwell hardness to 119 HRB. A 10% reinforcement further increased hardness to 97 BHN and 185 HRB, respectively. The document concludes that reinforcing AA2024 with B4C and SiC improves its mechanical properties by increasing hardness in a linear relationship with reinforcement content.
Synthesis And Characterization of Aluminum –Silicon-Fly Ash Composite By Stir...IRJESJOURNAL
The document summarizes research on the synthesis and characterization of aluminum-silicon carbide-fly ash composites fabricated using stir casting. Three samples were produced: (1) aluminum 7075, (2) 90% aluminum-10% silicon carbide, and (3) 90% aluminum-10% fly ash. The composites were analyzed using chemical confirmation tests, microhardness testing, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that hardness and strength increased with higher reinforcement content. SEM revealed uniform dispersion of silicon carbide and fly ash particles. Microhardness was highest for the aluminum-silicon carbide composite, indicating silicon carbide improved properties more than fly ash. The composites exhibited fairly uniform distribution
Effect of Annealing Process on the Corrosion Resistance of Aluminium 7075-T6 ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the effect of annealing process on the corrosion resistance of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy. Samples of the alloy were annealed at 400°C for durations of 4, 8, and 12 hours. Testing showed that annealed samples had lower corrosion resistance and higher corrosion rates than the base metal in 3.5% NaCl solution. Electrochemical polarization revealed that electrode potentials decreased with increasing annealing time. Scanning electron microscopy indicated the most severe intergranular corrosion on samples with the longest annealing time. In general, annealing the 7075-T6 aluminum alloy reduced its corrosion resistance.
Effect of silicon oxide sio2 reinforced particles on ageing behavior of al 20...IAEME Publication
The document summarizes research on the effect of silicon oxide (SiO2) particles on the aging behavior of an Al-2024 alloy. Key points:
- Al-2024 composites were produced with 0%, 3%, and 6% SiO2 via stir casting and subjected to heat treatments.
- Hardness, tensile strength, and wear resistance were tested for the composites in as-cast and heat treated conditions.
- Heat treatments included solutionizing at 550°C for 2 hours followed by artificial aging at 150°C for times between 1-5 hours.
- The existence of SiO2 particles was found to increase the peak hardness of the alloy and accelerate the aging kinetics compared
REVIEW ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NON-ASBESTOS COMPOSITE MATERIAL USED IN BR...ijiert bestjournal
Metallic matrix composites are combinations of two or more different metals inter metallic compounds or second phases in which dispersed phases are embe dded within the metallic matrix. They are produced by controlling the morphologies of the constituents to achieve optimum combination of properties. Properties of the composites depend on the properti es of the constituent phases,their relative amount,and dispersed phase geometry including particle siz e,shape and orientation in the matrix. In this pap er,The mechanical properties,behaviour and micro stru ctural evolution of aluminium metal matrix metallic composites fabricated under various process conditi ons were investigated to understand their process- structure�property relations by optimization proces s. Addition of silicon carbide to aluminum has show n an increase in its mechanical properties.
The document summarizes research on modifying the microstructure of aluminum alloys through heat treatment and titanium addition. Key findings include:
1) Adding 0.09% titanium partially modifies the silicon particle structure, while 0.18% titanium achieves full modification.
2) Heat homogenization changes the shape of silicon particles from lamellar to spherical through a six-stage process.
3) Higher titanium content (0.18%) refines the aluminum dendrites and inhibits silicon growth, improving mechanical properties.
Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of LM6 Metal Matrix Composite wit...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on the mechanical properties of an LM6 aluminum metal matrix composite reinforced with titanium-boron particles. Specimens were produced using a stir casting technique with 18% and 20% titanium-boron reinforcement by weight. The tensile strength, impact strength, shear strength, torsional strength, and hardness of the specimens were then tested. The study found that the mechanical properties of the composite improved with increasing titanium-boron content.
ALUMINIUM METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE BY STIR CASTING METHODSNEERAJKUMAR1898
This document provides an introduction and literature review on graphite-based aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMCs). It discusses how AMMCs overcome limitations of conventional materials by combining high strength, stiffness, and low density. The document reviews various fabrication techniques for AMMCs and their applications in industries like aerospace and automotive. It summarizes past research that studied mechanical properties of different AMMC compositions and processing methods.
Effect of Volume Fraction (Al2O3) on Tensile Strength of Aluminium 6061 by Va...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the effect of adding aluminum oxide (Al2O3) particles on the tensile strength of aluminum 6061 composites produced via stir casting. Stir casting is described as a common and cost-effective method for fabricating metal matrix composites. The key process parameters of stir casting that influence composite properties are identified as stirrer design and speed, temperature, time, and reinforcement concentration. Literature on aluminum metal matrix composites reinforced with Al2O3 and silicon carbide is summarized, finding that strength and hardness generally increase with higher reinforcement content, while ductility decreases. Adding Al2O3 to aluminum 6061 via stir casting was shown to improve tensile strength over the unreinforced alloy. The document concludes
IRJET- Replacement of Fine Aggregate by Steel Slag in ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated replacing fine aggregate with steel slag in concrete. Steel slag is a byproduct of steel production that is often disposed of in landfills. The study aimed to determine if steel slag could replace a portion of fine aggregate in concrete. Several concrete mixtures with 0%, 25%, and 50% replacement of fine aggregate with steel slag were tested. The compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths of the mixtures were determined after 7 and 28 days. The results showed that 25% and 50% replacement provided comparable or improved strength compared to traditional concrete, suggesting steel slag is a viable partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete.
A study on characterization of Al-18%Si alloy by centrifuge castingdbpublications
Aluminum-silicon alloy are characterized by light weight, good strength –to-weight ratio, ease of fabrication of at reasonable cost, high strength at elevated temperature, good thermal conductivity, excellent castability, good weldability, excellent corrosion and wear resistance property. Thus, these types of alloys are well suited for automotive industries, aerospace structural and military applications. In centrifuge casting solidification rate is faster compared to gravity casting, but still solidification depends on various process parameters like, cooling temperature of molten metal, rotational speed of the die and also wall thickness of die. In centrifuge casting the silicon deposition in aluminum varies from top to bottom. Here Al-Si functionally graded material is used and developed under centrifuge casting. The method used in this work to produce functionally graded material is totally different from other centrifugal casting which helped in producing solid cylindrical parts. This report describes about mechanical characterization of Al-18%Si at different temperature. At 950°C casting shows good ultimate tensile strength and harder metal compared to other casting.
Aluminum-lithium alloys used in the aerospace industry as structural components
and strengthened by age-hardening. This study aims to improve properties of Al-Li
alloys such as strength, behavior hot rolling and addition element, i.e. Mg and Cu to
this alloy. Several tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of alloy, such as
hardness, tensile, and microstructure by OP, SEM and XRD. Result showed that
addition 3.2% Cu to base alloy improve strength from (62MPa) to (78MPa) when
aging at 175°C.and improve hardness from (97.3 Hv) to (119.79Hv) At the same
temperature. But the improvement is great when addition 0.6% Mg to base alloy
improve tensile strength from (62MPa) to (124MPa) at the same time improved
hardness from (119.79Hv) to (152.96Hv) at the same temperature.
IRJET-Fabrication And Testing Of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites Through St...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the fabrication and testing of aluminum metal matrix composites produced through stir casting technique. Magnesium and zinc particles were added to an aluminum alloy 6061 at volume fractions of 3%, 6%, and 9%. The composites were tested for tensile strength, compression strength, hardness, and bending. Tensile testing showed that ultimate tensile strength increased with higher particle content, reaching a maximum of 26.211 MPa for the 9% composite. Compression testing yielded a maximum strength of 20.976 MPa also for the 9% composite. Hardness values ranged from 104-119 Vickers hardness. The study concluded that stir casting can successfully produce aluminum composites with improved mechanical properties over the unreinforced alloy
Microstructure and Hardness of Aluminium Alloy- Fused Silica Particulate Comp...AM Publications
Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) refer to the class of light weight high performance aluminum centric
material systems. The reinforcement in AMCs could be in the form of continuous/discontinuous fibers, whiskers or particulates,
in volume fractions. Properties of AMCs can be tailored to the demands of different industrial applications by suitable
combinations of matrix, reinforcement and processing route. This work focuses on the fabrication of aluminum alloy (LM13)
matrix composites reinforced with 9%, 12% &15% fused silica particulates using stir casting route. The microstructure and
hardness of the fabricated composite were analyzed and reported.
The document discusses a study that examines the effect of adding graphite particles to an aluminum bronze alloy prepared by powder metallurgy. Various weight percentages of graphite were added as a reinforcing element to the base alloy, which has a chemical composition of Cu-11%Al. Tests were conducted to analyze the effect on properties like hardness, compressive strength, and surface roughness after machining. The results showed that adding 0.3% graphite by weight increased the hardness by 7.93% and compressive strength by 11.62%, while also reducing surface roughness after machining by 22.65-32.38%. The study aims to improve the mechanical and machining properties of the aluminum bronze alloy through the addition
Studies on Al8081-B4C Metal Matrix Composites Fabricated by Stir Casting MethodIJMER
Aluminium MMCs are preferred in the fields of aerospace, military, automotive, marine and
in many other domestic applications. In the present work, an attempt has been made to develop and
study the, Mechanical properties of Al-8081/B4C reinforced aluminium metal matrix composites. The
composite was prepared by using Liquid Metallurgy Route (Stir Casting Technique). Liquid state has
some important advantages such as better matrix particle bonding, easier control of matrix structure,
simplicity, low cost of processing, nearer to net shape and wide selection of material. Al-8081 alloy
was taken as the base matrix to which B4C particulates are used as reinforcements. Al8081-B4C
composites were prepared by varying weight percentage of B4C i.e 0 to 6 %, in steps of two. The
objective is to study the effect of B4C particulates on mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile
strength, yield strength and hardness of Al8081 alloy composites. The results of this study revealed
that, as the B4C content was increased, there were significant increases in the ultimate tensile strength,
yield strength and hardness in the composites as compared to the base matrix
A Study on Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Alloy (LM6) Reinforced with SiC...IOSR Journals
This work deals with fabricating or producing aluminium based metal matrix composite and then
studying its microstructure and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, impact strength and wear
behavior of produced test specimen. In the present study a modest attempt has been made to develop aluminium
based MMCs with reinforcing material, with an objective to develop a conventional low cast method of
producing MMCs and to obtain homogeneous dispersion of reinforced material. To achieve this objective stir
casting technique has been adopted. Aluminium Alloy (LM6) and SiC, Fly Ash has been chosen as matrix and
reinforcing material respectively. Experiment has been conducted by varying weight fraction of Fly Ash ( 5%
and 15%) while keeping SiC constant(5%). The result shown that the increase in addition of Fly Ash increases
the Tensile Strength, Impact Strength, Wear Resistance of the specimen and decreases the percentage of
Elongation
Experimental Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloy LM-4 by Vari...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes the effects of varying copper content on the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy LM-4. Five aluminum alloy samples were produced with copper content ranging from 5% to 11% using die casting. Tensile testing showed that ultimate tensile strength increased with increasing copper content, with the highest strength achieved in the 11% copper alloy. Microstructural analysis found that copper improves strength through precipitation strengthening during heat treatment.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Austempering on Mech...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation into the effect of austempering on the mechanical properties and microstructure of high silicon steel. Specimens of high silicon steel were austempered at temperatures of 300°C and 400°C for durations of 2 and 4 hours. Tensile testing, hardness testing, and wear testing were performed on the untreated and austempered specimens. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine changes in microstructure. The experiment aims to understand how austempering affects the mechanical properties and microstructure of high silicon steel.
IRJET- A Review on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Allo...IRJET Journal
The document reviews the effects of mechanical vibration on the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys cast using gravity die casting. It discusses how applying vibration to the mold during casting can refine grain structure and reduce dendrite arm spacing and defects. Several studies cited found that vibration led to higher tensile strength, hardness, and impact strength in cast aluminum alloys by promoting fragmentation of dendrites and a more homogeneous temperature field during solidification. The literature review concluded that vibration casting improves mechanical properties by changing the microstructure through effects on solidification like reducing grain size.
EFFECT OF SILICON OXIDE (SIO2) REINFORCED PARTICLES ON AGEING BEHAVIOR OF Al-...IAEME Publication
Al-2024 alloy can be reinforced with different percentages of Silicon oxide particles using a stir casting method. The solution treatment of the composite sample and the unreinforced alloy was carried out at 550 ᴼC for 2h followed by aging at 150 ᴼC for various aging times between 1h and 5 hrs. The existence of SiO2 particles led to increasing the peak hardness of the alloy. The results revealed that peak hardness of the composite sample took place at shorter times than that of the unreinforced alloy for the samples solution treated for 2 h for both the composite and the unreinforced alloy that led to the fastest aging kinetics and the maximum hardness.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
IRJET - An Investigation of the Mechanical and Tribological Properties o...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the mechanical and tribological properties of aluminium alloys reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) metal matrix composites. It discusses how aluminium-SiC composites have better strength, lower density, and improved wear resistance compared to other metals. The document also summarizes several studies that investigated properties like hardness, tensile strength, and wear rate of different aluminium-SiC compositions fabricated by stir casting and powder metallurgy. The studies found that reinforcement with SiC generally increased strength and hardness but decreased ductility. Properties varied with the SiC content and fabrication method.
IRJET - A Review on Advance Composite Material for Automotive Body ApplicationIRJET Journal
The document summarizes several research papers on advance composite materials for automotive body applications. Some key findings from the summarized papers include:
1) Impact strength of an aluminum 6061 composite increased with higher percentages of nickel reinforcement, reaching 56 Joules with 1.5% nickel.
2) Properties like strength, hardness, and wear resistance of an aluminum 7075-magnesium composite improved with higher percentages of nano aluminum oxide and silicon carbide reinforcement.
3) Fracture strength of a silicon carbide-aluminum interface composite increased with higher processing temperatures and holding times.
4) A composite vehicle door made from fibers including carbon and glass was 15% lighter than aluminum and provided greater
Studies on aluminium silicon eutectic alloy casting and design approach of it...IAEME Publication
This document discusses a study on casting and gating system design of an aluminum-silicon eutectic alloy (LM-6 alloy). It aims to improve the mechanical properties of LM-6 alloy through modification treatment, grain refinement, and degassing. The study involves casting test bars of LM-6 alloy both with and without modification to compare their tensile strength, hardness, and elongation. It also covers the design of gating systems and risers for castings using modulus method and developing flowcharts for computer programming of the casting design. Experimental results show that modification treatment improves the mechanical properties of LM-6 alloy.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
TRIBOLOGICAL STUDY ON HEAT-TREATEDALUMINIUM MATRIX COMPOSITESIRJET Journal
The document discusses tribological studies on heat-treated aluminum matrix composites. It first provides background on aluminum 7075 composites and their reinforcement with silicon nitride and alumina. Composites were fabricated using stir casting and specimens were aged through heat treatment. Hardness tests showed heat treatment improved properties. Wear analysis was then performed on the highest hardness specimens. The document reviews related literature on heat treatment improving properties like hardness and wear resistance of aluminum composites. It then describes the experimental methodology, including stir casting and specimen preparation for testing.
IRJET- Review on Effect of Process Parameter on Mechanical Properties of AL-B...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the effect of process parameters on the mechanical properties of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs). It describes the stir casting process for producing Al-SiC MMCs and highlights several key parameters that influence the distribution of silicon carbide reinforcement and properties of the composites, including stirring speed, stirring time, temperature, stirrer design, pouring temperature, and mold temperature. Maintaining optimal levels of these parameters can lead to a more uniform dispersion of the reinforcement and improved mechanical properties.
IRJET- Studies on Al7075 and SIC Metal Matrix CompositesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on aluminum 7075 alloy metal matrix composites reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) particles. The composites were fabricated using stir casting, which involves heating aluminum alloy to its semi-solid temperature range and mixing in preheated SiC particles using mechanical stirring. Microstructural analysis showed uniform distribution of SiC particles in the aluminum matrix. Tensile and hardness testing found that mechanical properties generally increased with higher SiC content up to around 10% SiC, above which properties decreased. The composites exhibited improved strength, hardness and wear resistance compared to unreinforced aluminum 7075 alloy, making them suitable for applications requiring these properties.
IRJET - Tribological Characteristics of Al-SIC-MOS2 Cylindrical Powder Prefor...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes the tribological characteristics of Al-SiC-MoS2 cylindrical powder preforms under dry atmospheric conditions. It discusses conducting wear tests using a pin-on-disc apparatus against silicon carbide abrasive paper under various testing conditions such as applied load, sliding velocity, and time. The wear is measured by weight loss and the relationship between weight loss and applied load is established. Materials used include aluminum, silicon carbide, and molybdenum disulfide powder preforms compacted at different pressures and sintered at one temperature.
IRJET- Fabrication and Characterization of Hybrid Aluminium Metal Matrix Comp...IRJET Journal
This document describes the fabrication and characterization of a hybrid aluminum metal matrix composite. The composite was created using AA6063 aluminum alloy reinforced with silicon carbide, magnesium, and fly ash particles using stir casting. The goal was to improve the wear rate, tensile strength, compressive strength, and hardness of the composite compared to the unreinforced alloy. Tests were conducted on the composite to evaluate these properties, including ultimate tensile strength testing, wear testing, compressive strength testing, hardness testing, and microstructure analysis. Taguchi's design of experiments method was used to determine the optimum processing parameters to minimize wear rate. The composite showed improved properties over the aluminum alloy alone.
IRJET- A Literature Review on Aluminium-7075 Metal Matrix CompositesIRJET Journal
This document provides a literature review on aluminum-7075 metal matrix composites. It discusses how adding various reinforcements to aluminum-7075 improves its mechanical properties like strength, wear resistance, and fatigue properties. The review summarizes several research papers that studied adding reinforcements like short basalt fibers, titanium diboride particles, mica, and kaolinite particles to aluminum-7075 and measuring the effect on properties like hardness, tensile strength, wear resistance, and impact strength. The literature review found that adding these reinforcements in optimal amounts can significantly improve the mechanical properties of aluminum-7075 metal matrix composites.
Effect of silicon carbide percentage on fracture toughness of aluminium silio...eSAT Journals
Abstract Metal matrix composites are composites in which one component will be a metal and other metal or non metal. It has wide applications in various fields like automobile, turbines blades etc which needs good mechanical properties. This thesis work studies about Aluminium Silicon Carbide metal matrix composites and their properties. Earlier studies revealed that as the percentage of Silicon Carbide is increased the properties get increased up to a limit and fracture toughness gets reduced beyond that. Here, in this work different percentage of SiC is added and fracture toughness is analyzed in terms of Stress intensity factor since fracture toughness cannot be calculated directly. Both software simulation and experimental methods has been done to find out the best percentage composition. Keywords: Metal matrix composites, Aluminium Silicon Carbide, Fracture Toughness, Stress Intensity Factor
IRJET - Fabrication of Magnesium Metal Matrix Composites Reinforced with Fly ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the fabrication of magnesium metal matrix composites reinforced with fly ash cenospheres. Fly ash cenospheres are a lightweight and low-cost material that can improve the mechanical properties of magnesium composites. The document describes a process of stir casting to mix molten magnesium with 5-20% fly ash cenospheres by weight. This results in a magnesium composite with an improved and refined microstructure, higher hardness, and increased tensile strength compared to magnesium alone. Experimental tests are used to evaluate the mechanical properties and microstructure of the fabricated magnesium composites reinforced with fly ash cenospheres.
1) The document investigates the effect of adding fly ash and silicon carbide particulates on the mechanical properties of an Al-4.5wt% Cu alloy composite produced by stir casting.
2) Testing found that ultimate tensile strength and hardness significantly improved with the addition of fly ash and SiC particulates to the alloy.
3) Microstructural analysis revealed a uniform distribution of reinforced particles in the alloy matrix.
An Overview on Different Processing Parameters in Particulate Reinforced Meta...IJERA Editor
In the past few years the global need for reduced weight, low cost, high wear resistance and good quality materials has caused a shift in research from monolithic to composite materials. Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) have evoked a keen interest in recent times for potential applications in marine, aerospace and automotive industries owing to their superior strength to weight ratio and high temperature resistance. Driving force for the utilization of AMCs include performance, economic and environmental benefits. The widespread adoption of particulate metal matrix composites for engineering applications has been hindered by the high cost of producing components. Achieving a uniform distribution of reinforcement within the matrix is one such challenge which impacts directly on the properties and quality of the composite material. In the case of particle reinforced metal matrix composites, the distribution of the reinforcement particles in the matrix alloy is influenced by several factors during casting. These include the rheological behaviour of the matrix melt, the particle incorporation method, interactions of the particles and the matrix before, during and after mixing, and the changing particle distribution during solidification. In this paper, research relevant to these factors which influences the particle distribution is reviewed and discussed in order to achieve a good distribution of reinforcement particles in a cast metal matrix composite (MMC).
Similar to IRJET- Review of Hypereutectic Al-SI Alloy Microstructure Refinement Methods and Wear Characterization Studies. (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.