Ionic bonding occurs between a metal and non-metal when one atom transfers electrons to the other. This transfer of electrons results in the formation of oppositely charged ions - cations are formed when electrons are donated and anions are formed when electrons are gained. For example, in sodium chloride, sodium donates an electron to chlorine. Sodium becomes a cation with a +1 charge and chlorine becomes an anion with a -1 charge. The electrostatic attraction between these oppositely charged ions forms the ionic bond in sodium chloride.

1. IONIC BONDING
ATHIRA K.
B. Ed Physical Science
2018 – 20 Batch
P. K. M. College of Education
Madampam, Kannur, Kerala

2. MATTER
Pure substance Mixtures
Element Compound
Atom Molecule Molecule
CHEMICAL
BONDING
Why CHEMICAL BONDING?

3. CHEMICAL BONDING
Ionic bond
Covalent
bond
Metallic
bond
Formed
by
Influenced
by
Represented by
between
Metal and non-
metal
Transfer of
electrons from
atoms
Electronegativity
Electron
dot
diagram
Leads to
Formation of
ions
Types of Chemical Bonding

4. IONIC BONDING
 Chemical bond between two oppositely charged ions formed when
one atom transfers electrons to another atom
 Between metal and non-metal
 Cations – ions formed by donating electron
 Anions - ions formed by gaining electron
 e.g., NaCl, MgCl, KCl etc.

5. Lewis electron dot diagram
• System of representation wherein dots are used to show
the number of valence electrons in ions and molecules
?

6. Sodium Chloride Formation
Before chemical reaction After chemical reaction
No. of electrons in the
sodium atom
11 10
Electronic configuration 2, 8, 1 2, 8
No. of electrons in the
valence shell
1 8
Charge 0 +1
For sodium atom

7. Before chemical reaction After chemical reaction
No. of electrons in the
chlorine atom
17 18
Electronic configuration 2, 8, 7 2, 8, 8
No. of electrons in the
valence shell
7 8
Charge 0 -1
For chlorine atom

8. Sodium chloride is formed
 by the electron transfer between sodium and chlorine atoms
 To attain octet configuration sodium atom loses one electron and become cation
having +1 charge.
 Chlorine atom gains one electron to attain stability and become anion with a
charge -1.
 Electrostatic force of attraction between these oppositely charged ions are called
ionic bond.