The document investigates the causes and measures to prevent erosion in Kaltungo Local Government Area of Gombe State, Nigeria. It administered questionnaires to 187 residents across erosion sites in the area. The study found that the major causes of erosion are running water, deforestation, and grazing, based on their mean item scores. The key effects are devaluation of assets, depletion of land, and poor topography. Construction of drainages, afforestation, and grazing control were identified as the most important measures to prevent/control erosion, according to the mean item scores. The document recommends implementing drainage construction, discouraging deforestation, and better managing grazing to address erosion in the area.
effect of mining activities on vegetation composition and nutrient status of ...IJEAB
Mining is essential in the economic development plan of any country endowed with mineral resources. This is due to both internal and external economic benefits that are made available to countries that are involved in the extraction of mineral resources. Internally, there is creation of employment and revenue generation among others while externally; a substantial foreign exchange is available to such countries. However, looking at the socio-economic importance of the industry, most countries lose sight of the ensuing effect that might accrue to an area as a result of mining activities. This study sought to provide an empirical data to ascertain whether or not mining activities has affected tree diversity of the area in general and on vegetation and soil nutrients in particular. In the study diversity indices (Shannon, margalef and Pielou’s evenness) all indicated higher values for adjacent site 5 km away from the factory. Soil health indicators investigated revealed significant differences except Potassium, with adjacent site having higher mean values. This study has indicated that tree diversity was higher in the adjacent site and also that soil 5 km away from the factory was healthier than soil within factory site. Construction of shield over factory site is suggested.
Effects of soil erosion on technical efficiency of cassava farmers in enu...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the effects of soil erosion on the technical efficiency of cassava farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study found that farmers operating on eroded farms had significantly lower mean technical efficiency (56%) than those on non-eroded farms (77%). Farm size, labor, cassava cuttings, and fertilizer use significantly increased technical efficiency on non-eroded farms, while only fertilizer affected efficiency on eroded farms. Education level, age, household size, and extension contact were significant inefficiency factors on non-eroded farms, while education and age influenced inefficiency on eroded farms. The results indicate soil erosion negatively impacts cassava farmers' ability to efficiently use resources.
Effects of soil erosion on technical efficiency of cassava farmers in enu...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the effects of soil erosion on the technical efficiency of cassava farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study found that farmers operating on eroded farms had significantly lower mean technical efficiency (56%) than those on non-eroded farms (77%). Farm size, labor, cassava cuttings, and fertilizer use significantly increased technical efficiency on non-eroded farms, while only fertilizer affected efficiency on eroded farms. Education level, age, household size, and extension contact were significant inefficiency factors on non-eroded farms, while education and age influenced inefficiency on eroded farms. The results indicate soil erosion negatively impacts cassava farmers' ability to efficiently use resources.
This proposal seeks to assess community participation in environmental conservation and protection in selected communities in Imo State, Nigeria. It notes that natural resources are being overexploited without efforts for conservation, leaving future generations with little. While exploitation improves economic status, it causes environmental degradation. The proposal argues that community participation is important for successful conservation projects as it ensures social acceptance and indigenous knowledge is utilized. However, existing environmental laws and agencies have neglected rural communities. The study aims to examine uncontrolled resource exploitation and lack of participation as causes of environmental degradation in Imo State.
Soil erosion which is now one of the impacts of climate change due to increased precipitation events across the globe needs adaptations for adjusting to the actual and expected change in its occurrence more than mechanical/engineering measures for the management of the phenomenon. The objective of this paper is to conduct an in-depth review of adaptation strategies to soil erosion. The research made a review of academic/journal articles, internet materials, news articles, conference papers, books and publicly available materials on adaptations to soil erosion. From the review, most authors have a unity of opinion on adaptive strategies to soil erosion, including the use of mulching, cover cropping, reduced tillage, contour bonds, tree planting, wood logs and ploughing across the slope as they have been found to increase soil yield and reduce soil loss as well as its accompanying adverse impacts. Recommendations of the study includes: (1) enhancement of the existing adaptive measures; (2) a shift from rain-fed agriculture to dry season farming; (3) training the affected people on adopting the adaptive measures which are currently ignored in most communities; and (4) encouragement of the participation of land holders through grants in soil erosion management based on the adaptive techniques.
Assessment of Field Conditions and Soil Losses from Arable Lands of Wanke Dis...IJSRED
This document summarizes a study that assessed field conditions and soil losses from arable lands in Wanke District, Zamfara State, Nigeria. Stratified random sampling was used to select nine villages for study. Measurements of erosion indicators like rills and gullies were taken to determine cross-sectional areas and volume of soil loss. The total cross-sectional area and volume of soil loss for rills and gullies was found to be 373.59 m2 and 6654.78 m3 respectively, indicating significant soil erosion in the area. The study recommends partnerships to implement soil conservation practices to restore soil quality and productivity.
This document discusses a study that assessed the strength properties of lime-stabilized soils modified with egg shell ash (ESA) for use in road construction. Soil samples were collected from various locations in southwestern Nigeria and stabilized with 6% lime along with varying amounts (0-10%) of ESA additive. The ESA was subjected to chemical analysis and showed low silica and high calcium content. Laboratory tests found that increasing ESA improved strength properties like maximum dry density, California bearing ratio, and unconfined compressive strength, peaking at 8% ESA. Above 8% ESA, strengths decreased. After treatment, most soils became suitable for pavement layers. The study recommends a blend of 6% lime and 8% ESA for soil
effect of mining activities on vegetation composition and nutrient status of ...IJEAB
Mining is essential in the economic development plan of any country endowed with mineral resources. This is due to both internal and external economic benefits that are made available to countries that are involved in the extraction of mineral resources. Internally, there is creation of employment and revenue generation among others while externally; a substantial foreign exchange is available to such countries. However, looking at the socio-economic importance of the industry, most countries lose sight of the ensuing effect that might accrue to an area as a result of mining activities. This study sought to provide an empirical data to ascertain whether or not mining activities has affected tree diversity of the area in general and on vegetation and soil nutrients in particular. In the study diversity indices (Shannon, margalef and Pielou’s evenness) all indicated higher values for adjacent site 5 km away from the factory. Soil health indicators investigated revealed significant differences except Potassium, with adjacent site having higher mean values. This study has indicated that tree diversity was higher in the adjacent site and also that soil 5 km away from the factory was healthier than soil within factory site. Construction of shield over factory site is suggested.
Effects of soil erosion on technical efficiency of cassava farmers in enu...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the effects of soil erosion on the technical efficiency of cassava farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study found that farmers operating on eroded farms had significantly lower mean technical efficiency (56%) than those on non-eroded farms (77%). Farm size, labor, cassava cuttings, and fertilizer use significantly increased technical efficiency on non-eroded farms, while only fertilizer affected efficiency on eroded farms. Education level, age, household size, and extension contact were significant inefficiency factors on non-eroded farms, while education and age influenced inefficiency on eroded farms. The results indicate soil erosion negatively impacts cassava farmers' ability to efficiently use resources.
Effects of soil erosion on technical efficiency of cassava farmers in enu...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the effects of soil erosion on the technical efficiency of cassava farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study found that farmers operating on eroded farms had significantly lower mean technical efficiency (56%) than those on non-eroded farms (77%). Farm size, labor, cassava cuttings, and fertilizer use significantly increased technical efficiency on non-eroded farms, while only fertilizer affected efficiency on eroded farms. Education level, age, household size, and extension contact were significant inefficiency factors on non-eroded farms, while education and age influenced inefficiency on eroded farms. The results indicate soil erosion negatively impacts cassava farmers' ability to efficiently use resources.
This proposal seeks to assess community participation in environmental conservation and protection in selected communities in Imo State, Nigeria. It notes that natural resources are being overexploited without efforts for conservation, leaving future generations with little. While exploitation improves economic status, it causes environmental degradation. The proposal argues that community participation is important for successful conservation projects as it ensures social acceptance and indigenous knowledge is utilized. However, existing environmental laws and agencies have neglected rural communities. The study aims to examine uncontrolled resource exploitation and lack of participation as causes of environmental degradation in Imo State.
Soil erosion which is now one of the impacts of climate change due to increased precipitation events across the globe needs adaptations for adjusting to the actual and expected change in its occurrence more than mechanical/engineering measures for the management of the phenomenon. The objective of this paper is to conduct an in-depth review of adaptation strategies to soil erosion. The research made a review of academic/journal articles, internet materials, news articles, conference papers, books and publicly available materials on adaptations to soil erosion. From the review, most authors have a unity of opinion on adaptive strategies to soil erosion, including the use of mulching, cover cropping, reduced tillage, contour bonds, tree planting, wood logs and ploughing across the slope as they have been found to increase soil yield and reduce soil loss as well as its accompanying adverse impacts. Recommendations of the study includes: (1) enhancement of the existing adaptive measures; (2) a shift from rain-fed agriculture to dry season farming; (3) training the affected people on adopting the adaptive measures which are currently ignored in most communities; and (4) encouragement of the participation of land holders through grants in soil erosion management based on the adaptive techniques.
Assessment of Field Conditions and Soil Losses from Arable Lands of Wanke Dis...IJSRED
This document summarizes a study that assessed field conditions and soil losses from arable lands in Wanke District, Zamfara State, Nigeria. Stratified random sampling was used to select nine villages for study. Measurements of erosion indicators like rills and gullies were taken to determine cross-sectional areas and volume of soil loss. The total cross-sectional area and volume of soil loss for rills and gullies was found to be 373.59 m2 and 6654.78 m3 respectively, indicating significant soil erosion in the area. The study recommends partnerships to implement soil conservation practices to restore soil quality and productivity.
This document discusses a study that assessed the strength properties of lime-stabilized soils modified with egg shell ash (ESA) for use in road construction. Soil samples were collected from various locations in southwestern Nigeria and stabilized with 6% lime along with varying amounts (0-10%) of ESA additive. The ESA was subjected to chemical analysis and showed low silica and high calcium content. Laboratory tests found that increasing ESA improved strength properties like maximum dry density, California bearing ratio, and unconfined compressive strength, peaking at 8% ESA. Above 8% ESA, strengths decreased. After treatment, most soils became suitable for pavement layers. The study recommends a blend of 6% lime and 8% ESA for soil
Effect of soil conservation investment on efficiency of cassava production in...Alexander Decker
This study examined the effect of soil conservation investment on the efficiency of cassava production in Oyo State, Nigeria. 80 cassava farmers were surveyed. The most common soil conservation methods used were bush fallowing, manuring, mulching, crop rotation, and herbicides, though fertilizer was less used. Regression analysis found that larger farm size was negatively associated with soil conservation investment, while greater farming experience had a positive influence. The study concluded that providing credit facilities could help cassava farmers adopt more modern soil conservation technologies to boost production and meet food demands.
Evaluation of the environmental effects of the abandoned quarries strabag qua...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study that evaluated the environmental effects of two abandoned quarries in Nigeria - the Strabag quarry in Ibadan, Oyo State and the RCC quarry in Wasinmi, Ikire, Osun State. Soil and water samples were collected from various locations around the quarries and analyzed for chemical parameters. The results revealed that most deficiencies observed in the soil and water samples were not directly linked to past mining activities. It was found that abandoned granite quarries pose more physical constraints than chemical constraints.
Geotechnical investigation of road failure along ilorin ajase –ipo road kwar...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study examining factors contributing to road failure along the Ilorin-Ajase-Ipo road in Kwara State, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from five locations along the road that had experienced failure and were tested for engineering properties. The results showed that the foundation materials were predominantly sandy soils with high percentages of sand. Principal component analysis indicated that sandy soils contributed most to the variability in the study area. The overall results suggested that poor foundation materials containing high sand content and poor engineering construction affected the rate of failure along the road.
An Assessment of the Socio-Economic Impacts of Fuel Wood Exploitation on the ...AJSERJournal
This document discusses a study that assessed the socio-economic impacts of fuel wood exploitation in Gombe State, Nigeria. The study examined fuel wood supply patterns and levels to Gombe urban area from forest reserves. Results showed that on average 136 trips transported over 39,000 tons of fuel wood annually to Gombe urban. Extraction has negative environmental impacts and has increased due to population growth. While fuel wood provides income, overexploitation risks deforestation and degradation, affecting livelihoods. Recommendations were made to promote sustainable practices.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
An assessment of environmental impacts of building construction projectsAlexander Decker
This document discusses an assessment of the environmental impacts of building construction projects in Nigeria. It begins by providing background on the threats construction poses to the environment, including pollution, resource depletion, and habitat destruction. The study analyzed data from industry stakeholders to identify major environmental impacts. It found the top impacts were environmental pollution, resource depletion, and habitat destruction, specifically destruction of ecosystems, desertification, soil erosion, and increased waste. Waste management, pollution control, and ecology conservation were ranked as the most important environmental protection measures. The study concludes building projects must fully adopt environmental impact assessments and regulations to reduce degradation, and regulatory agencies should continue educating stakeholders on best practices.
FACTORS INFLUENCING HOUSING DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS IN INTERNATIONAL BORDER TOWN...IAEME Publication
The estimation of determinants of housing development patterns in international border towns is essential to overcome some of the challenges facing development in these areas. However, few studies have detailed physical factors and neighbourhood characteristics as determinants of housing formation in international settlements. It is in this respect that the researcher aimed at evaluating these factors as regard housing formation pattern in international areas. The study systematically obtained the opinion of selected 361 residents in three selected towns between Nigeria and Benin-Republic using questionnaire instrument. Also, the relationship between housing development pattern and the determinants was hypothesized based life-cycle model of neighbourhood change using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Both models of SEM – Measurement model and Structural model – adequately fit the study data. From the structural model findings, it was discovered that both physical (0.13) and neighbourhood factors (0.11) significantly have direct effects on housing development pattern in international towns. Housing physical factors such as road network, land features, dwelling accessibility and vegetation have indirect effect on housing pattern just like neighbourhood factors in the area of drainage system, level of infrastructural facilities, condition of space, and condition of foundation and land acquisition finance.
Anthropogenic Activities as Primary Drivers of Environmental Pollution and Lo...ijtsrd
Environmental Pollution EP has become a global issue as the impacts are mainly crucial threats to man and biodiversity especially in Africa and other developing countries. In addition to humans and biodiversity, the effects of EP are intense on plants, animals, soil, water and air. As population increases, human needs for food, clothes, mobility and shelter get elevated which in turn require higher use of technology and energy resources vis à vis anthropogenic activities are the primary causes of the rising challenges of EP. This work is aimed at reviewing the roles of anthropogenic activities as key drivers of environmental pollution and loss of biodiversity. In order to achieve this aim and justify the work, the following specific objectives were developed including to i identify and review relevant literature on anthropogenic activities prevalent in Africa. ii examine the impacts of the major anthropogenic activities on the environment including human health, soil, water, air, flora and fauna biodiversity. iii proffer sustainable solutions to curb the menace. Primary findings reveal the significant and adverse effects of anthropogenic activities on environmental risks, health and biodiversity due to increase in waste generation and use of non renewable resources. Urgent need is necessary to create awareness among the various sectors of the society and to sensitize the people on the sustainable ways for waste generation and management. The paper recommends need for the comprehensive development and establishment of appropriate laws and policies to ameliorate EP and its associated menace. Justin Okorondu | Nasir A. Umar | Chukwuemeka O. Ulor | Chinwe G. Onwuagba | Bridget E. Diagi | Susan I. Ajiere | Chukwudi Nwaogu "Anthropogenic Activities as Primary Drivers of Environmental Pollution and Loss of Biodiversity: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50142.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/environmental-science/50142/anthropogenic-activities-as-primary-drivers-of-environmental-pollution-and-loss-of-biodiversity-a-review/justin-okorondu
1) Seismic data acquisition to image the Colorado Piceance Basin would require clearing land and deforestation using heavy machinery, disrupting ecosystems and disturbing wildlife populations through noise, presence of humans, and air pollution.
2) Preliminary activities like line operations may open the area to erosion by scraping away topsoil and vegetation. Clearing large portions of the green formation can also fragment habitats.
3) While providing economic benefits, seismic exploration can negatively impact the environment through destruction of flora and fauna unless precautions are taken with equipment and operations.
STRATEGIES TO MINIMIZE HAZARDS OF CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES ON WETLANDS: A CASE...MOSES AMO
This document summarizes a study examining strategies to minimize hazards from construction activities on wetlands in Kumasi, Ghana. The study used questionnaires with 20 organizations involved in wetland management. Key findings included:
- Replacing old drains, planting trees along streams, education campaigns, demarcating wetlands, wetland mapping, and enforcing regulations were identified as effective strategies.
- Efforts like acquiring wetlands, planting new species, retaining buffer zones, classifying wetlands, and educating land holders can help manage, protect, and conserve wetlands.
- Most respondent organizations were state entities operating at the planning and management level regarding wetlands.
IRJET- Temporal Changes of Coastal Cliffs : A Case Study from VarkalaIRJET Journal
This document discusses temporal changes to coastal cliffs in Varkala, India through a case study. It analyzes satellite imagery from 2003 and 2019 and compares it to a 1966 topographical map to estimate changes to the Varkala Beach shoreline over decades. Coastal erosion may impact landscape quality. The study area contains unique red laterite cliffs that are an important tourist feature but also geologically significant. Factors like unauthorized construction, vehicle traffic, and rainfall are cited as causing landslides. QGIS is used to delineate cliff erosion hazards to inform coastal management and development planning.
Extension services strategies in adaptation to climate change in oyo state, n...Alexander Decker
The document discusses extension service strategies for adapting to climate change in Oyo State, Nigeria. It finds that farmers experienced impacts of climate change like drought, changes in rainfall patterns, and decreased water availability. To cope, farmers adopted strategies recommended by extension agents, including changing crops grown, conservation agriculture, and early warning systems. The roles of extension agents were seen as important for building farmers' capacity to adapt, through demonstrations and sharing innovations. However, low funding, changing policies, and lack of access to information constrained adoption of adaptation strategies. The study concludes that more public education on adaptation is needed to support extension agents' work in mitigating climate impacts.
Land cover transition and fragmentation of River Ogba catchment in Benin City...Glory Enaruvbe
This study examined variation in the intensity of land cover transition and the pattern of habitat fragmentation
of River Ogba catchment. Landsat images of 1988, 2002 and 2016 were classified into five categories: low
density urban, high density urban, mixed vegetation, agriculture and dense forest using maximum likelihood
classifier. Intensity analysis approach and landscape metrics were used to analyze the changes and fragmentation
of the land cover. Number of patches, largest patch Index, area-weighted shape index and Euclidean nearest
neighbour were computed. The results show that although mixed vegetation accounted for the largest land cover
category in 1988 and 2002, low density urban dominated the study area in 2016. Intensity analysis of land cover
change in the study area indicates a rising trend. The urban fringe is observed to be highly dynamic zone and this
is primarily driven by changes in agriculture, low density urban and mixed vegetation. The implications of rapid
land cover transition and fragmentation in River Ogba catchment, and especially in the urban fringe, include
threat to biodiversity, food supply and deteriorating environmental conditions. This study provides necessary
insights for developing sustainable strategies for urban landscape planning, administration and governance.
Flood Vulnerability Study in Parts of Oyo Township Using GIS and Remote Sensingpaperpublications3
Abstract: Flooding has been a major environmental disaster frequently occurring in the cities of Tropical African countries differing solutions because of human dimension difficulty to be modelled. The analysis of flood events, the resulting damage and its causes are basis for the development of risk prevention and mitigation measures. The aim of this research is to empirically investigate the vulnerability towards flood in parts of Oyo Township as one component of flood risk assessment with the integration of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing to investigate the contravention level of people in a rapidly urbanizing settlement of Oyo Township to building ethics and rules, which is a tool for rational decision making. It is therefore revealed that the methodology adopted produced and classified buildings in the study area according to their vulnerability levels to flood and the results are presented in maps. The generation of vulnerability maps representing the two different perspectives of local decision makers (experts) and affected households is discussed using the methodology.
Spatiotemporal analyses of land use and land cover changes in suleja local go...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes land use and land cover changes in Suleja Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria between 1987 and 2012 using satellite images. The study found increases in built up land, farmland, and bare soil, and declines in vegetation over this period. Specifically, built up land increased from 7.0 km2 in 1987 to 17.9 km2 in 2012, farmland increased from 50.1 km2 to 63.0 km2, and vegetation declined from 68.7 km2 to 43.1 km2. The increases are attributed to urbanization from population growth and migration near the capital city of Abuja. The changes can lead to environmental degradation if not managed sustainably.
Critical Issues of Sustainability Associated with Quarry Activities-Crimson P...CrimsonPublishersAMMS
Critical Issues of Sustainability Associated with Quarry Activities by Nwachukwu MA*, Ojeaga K and Gilbert Chinelo in Aspects in Mining & Mineral Science
Enhancing environmental integrity in the northern savanna zone of ghana a rem...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on land degradation in northern Ghana and proposes sites for woodlot development. The study analyzed satellite imagery from 2010 to classify land cover in Northern, Upper East, and Upper West regions. It found high levels of bare soil/degraded land, indicating risk of desertification. Interviews with farmers revealed environmental challenges and criteria for woodlot sites. The analysis identified potential woodlot sites in less populated districts where agriculture is not the primary land use. The study concludes by proposing suitable sites to address land degradation through woodlot development.
Effects of mining activities on access to potable water households’ perceptiAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the effects of mining activities on access to potable water in the Konongo and Odumasi communities in Ghana. The study found that:
1) Households in the communities perceive the local Owere and Agogowa streams as dirty due to mining activities. As a result, they have stopped using the streams as a water source and now rely on alternative sources like pipe-borne water and hand dug wells.
2) The majority of households (82.2%) have changed their main water source and the distance to that source in the past 15 years, citing mining activities as destroying nearby streams or making them unhealthy.
3) Mining activities have indirectly limited access to
Application of Geospatial Technique in Selection of Suitable Solid Waste Dump...IJSRED
1) The study looked at using geospatial techniques to select suitable solid waste dumpsites in Aba, Abia State, Nigeria.
2) Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) were used to integrate different spatial datasets like land use maps and evaluate them based on criteria to identify potential dumpsite locations.
3) The study found that 26 of the 27 existing dumpsites were improperly located and the only dumpsite was inadequate. It recommended establishing additional suitable dumpsites identified through the analysis and properly managing waste disposal.
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
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This study examined the effect of soil conservation investment on the efficiency of cassava production in Oyo State, Nigeria. 80 cassava farmers were surveyed. The most common soil conservation methods used were bush fallowing, manuring, mulching, crop rotation, and herbicides, though fertilizer was less used. Regression analysis found that larger farm size was negatively associated with soil conservation investment, while greater farming experience had a positive influence. The study concluded that providing credit facilities could help cassava farmers adopt more modern soil conservation technologies to boost production and meet food demands.
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This document summarizes a research study that evaluated the environmental effects of two abandoned quarries in Nigeria - the Strabag quarry in Ibadan, Oyo State and the RCC quarry in Wasinmi, Ikire, Osun State. Soil and water samples were collected from various locations around the quarries and analyzed for chemical parameters. The results revealed that most deficiencies observed in the soil and water samples were not directly linked to past mining activities. It was found that abandoned granite quarries pose more physical constraints than chemical constraints.
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This document summarizes a study examining factors contributing to road failure along the Ilorin-Ajase-Ipo road in Kwara State, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from five locations along the road that had experienced failure and were tested for engineering properties. The results showed that the foundation materials were predominantly sandy soils with high percentages of sand. Principal component analysis indicated that sandy soils contributed most to the variability in the study area. The overall results suggested that poor foundation materials containing high sand content and poor engineering construction affected the rate of failure along the road.
An Assessment of the Socio-Economic Impacts of Fuel Wood Exploitation on the ...AJSERJournal
This document discusses a study that assessed the socio-economic impacts of fuel wood exploitation in Gombe State, Nigeria. The study examined fuel wood supply patterns and levels to Gombe urban area from forest reserves. Results showed that on average 136 trips transported over 39,000 tons of fuel wood annually to Gombe urban. Extraction has negative environmental impacts and has increased due to population growth. While fuel wood provides income, overexploitation risks deforestation and degradation, affecting livelihoods. Recommendations were made to promote sustainable practices.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
An assessment of environmental impacts of building construction projectsAlexander Decker
This document discusses an assessment of the environmental impacts of building construction projects in Nigeria. It begins by providing background on the threats construction poses to the environment, including pollution, resource depletion, and habitat destruction. The study analyzed data from industry stakeholders to identify major environmental impacts. It found the top impacts were environmental pollution, resource depletion, and habitat destruction, specifically destruction of ecosystems, desertification, soil erosion, and increased waste. Waste management, pollution control, and ecology conservation were ranked as the most important environmental protection measures. The study concludes building projects must fully adopt environmental impact assessments and regulations to reduce degradation, and regulatory agencies should continue educating stakeholders on best practices.
FACTORS INFLUENCING HOUSING DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS IN INTERNATIONAL BORDER TOWN...IAEME Publication
The estimation of determinants of housing development patterns in international border towns is essential to overcome some of the challenges facing development in these areas. However, few studies have detailed physical factors and neighbourhood characteristics as determinants of housing formation in international settlements. It is in this respect that the researcher aimed at evaluating these factors as regard housing formation pattern in international areas. The study systematically obtained the opinion of selected 361 residents in three selected towns between Nigeria and Benin-Republic using questionnaire instrument. Also, the relationship between housing development pattern and the determinants was hypothesized based life-cycle model of neighbourhood change using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Both models of SEM – Measurement model and Structural model – adequately fit the study data. From the structural model findings, it was discovered that both physical (0.13) and neighbourhood factors (0.11) significantly have direct effects on housing development pattern in international towns. Housing physical factors such as road network, land features, dwelling accessibility and vegetation have indirect effect on housing pattern just like neighbourhood factors in the area of drainage system, level of infrastructural facilities, condition of space, and condition of foundation and land acquisition finance.
Anthropogenic Activities as Primary Drivers of Environmental Pollution and Lo...ijtsrd
Environmental Pollution EP has become a global issue as the impacts are mainly crucial threats to man and biodiversity especially in Africa and other developing countries. In addition to humans and biodiversity, the effects of EP are intense on plants, animals, soil, water and air. As population increases, human needs for food, clothes, mobility and shelter get elevated which in turn require higher use of technology and energy resources vis à vis anthropogenic activities are the primary causes of the rising challenges of EP. This work is aimed at reviewing the roles of anthropogenic activities as key drivers of environmental pollution and loss of biodiversity. In order to achieve this aim and justify the work, the following specific objectives were developed including to i identify and review relevant literature on anthropogenic activities prevalent in Africa. ii examine the impacts of the major anthropogenic activities on the environment including human health, soil, water, air, flora and fauna biodiversity. iii proffer sustainable solutions to curb the menace. Primary findings reveal the significant and adverse effects of anthropogenic activities on environmental risks, health and biodiversity due to increase in waste generation and use of non renewable resources. Urgent need is necessary to create awareness among the various sectors of the society and to sensitize the people on the sustainable ways for waste generation and management. The paper recommends need for the comprehensive development and establishment of appropriate laws and policies to ameliorate EP and its associated menace. Justin Okorondu | Nasir A. Umar | Chukwuemeka O. Ulor | Chinwe G. Onwuagba | Bridget E. Diagi | Susan I. Ajiere | Chukwudi Nwaogu "Anthropogenic Activities as Primary Drivers of Environmental Pollution and Loss of Biodiversity: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50142.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/environmental-science/50142/anthropogenic-activities-as-primary-drivers-of-environmental-pollution-and-loss-of-biodiversity-a-review/justin-okorondu
1) Seismic data acquisition to image the Colorado Piceance Basin would require clearing land and deforestation using heavy machinery, disrupting ecosystems and disturbing wildlife populations through noise, presence of humans, and air pollution.
2) Preliminary activities like line operations may open the area to erosion by scraping away topsoil and vegetation. Clearing large portions of the green formation can also fragment habitats.
3) While providing economic benefits, seismic exploration can negatively impact the environment through destruction of flora and fauna unless precautions are taken with equipment and operations.
STRATEGIES TO MINIMIZE HAZARDS OF CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES ON WETLANDS: A CASE...MOSES AMO
This document summarizes a study examining strategies to minimize hazards from construction activities on wetlands in Kumasi, Ghana. The study used questionnaires with 20 organizations involved in wetland management. Key findings included:
- Replacing old drains, planting trees along streams, education campaigns, demarcating wetlands, wetland mapping, and enforcing regulations were identified as effective strategies.
- Efforts like acquiring wetlands, planting new species, retaining buffer zones, classifying wetlands, and educating land holders can help manage, protect, and conserve wetlands.
- Most respondent organizations were state entities operating at the planning and management level regarding wetlands.
IRJET- Temporal Changes of Coastal Cliffs : A Case Study from VarkalaIRJET Journal
This document discusses temporal changes to coastal cliffs in Varkala, India through a case study. It analyzes satellite imagery from 2003 and 2019 and compares it to a 1966 topographical map to estimate changes to the Varkala Beach shoreline over decades. Coastal erosion may impact landscape quality. The study area contains unique red laterite cliffs that are an important tourist feature but also geologically significant. Factors like unauthorized construction, vehicle traffic, and rainfall are cited as causing landslides. QGIS is used to delineate cliff erosion hazards to inform coastal management and development planning.
Extension services strategies in adaptation to climate change in oyo state, n...Alexander Decker
The document discusses extension service strategies for adapting to climate change in Oyo State, Nigeria. It finds that farmers experienced impacts of climate change like drought, changes in rainfall patterns, and decreased water availability. To cope, farmers adopted strategies recommended by extension agents, including changing crops grown, conservation agriculture, and early warning systems. The roles of extension agents were seen as important for building farmers' capacity to adapt, through demonstrations and sharing innovations. However, low funding, changing policies, and lack of access to information constrained adoption of adaptation strategies. The study concludes that more public education on adaptation is needed to support extension agents' work in mitigating climate impacts.
Land cover transition and fragmentation of River Ogba catchment in Benin City...Glory Enaruvbe
This study examined variation in the intensity of land cover transition and the pattern of habitat fragmentation
of River Ogba catchment. Landsat images of 1988, 2002 and 2016 were classified into five categories: low
density urban, high density urban, mixed vegetation, agriculture and dense forest using maximum likelihood
classifier. Intensity analysis approach and landscape metrics were used to analyze the changes and fragmentation
of the land cover. Number of patches, largest patch Index, area-weighted shape index and Euclidean nearest
neighbour were computed. The results show that although mixed vegetation accounted for the largest land cover
category in 1988 and 2002, low density urban dominated the study area in 2016. Intensity analysis of land cover
change in the study area indicates a rising trend. The urban fringe is observed to be highly dynamic zone and this
is primarily driven by changes in agriculture, low density urban and mixed vegetation. The implications of rapid
land cover transition and fragmentation in River Ogba catchment, and especially in the urban fringe, include
threat to biodiversity, food supply and deteriorating environmental conditions. This study provides necessary
insights for developing sustainable strategies for urban landscape planning, administration and governance.
Flood Vulnerability Study in Parts of Oyo Township Using GIS and Remote Sensingpaperpublications3
Abstract: Flooding has been a major environmental disaster frequently occurring in the cities of Tropical African countries differing solutions because of human dimension difficulty to be modelled. The analysis of flood events, the resulting damage and its causes are basis for the development of risk prevention and mitigation measures. The aim of this research is to empirically investigate the vulnerability towards flood in parts of Oyo Township as one component of flood risk assessment with the integration of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing to investigate the contravention level of people in a rapidly urbanizing settlement of Oyo Township to building ethics and rules, which is a tool for rational decision making. It is therefore revealed that the methodology adopted produced and classified buildings in the study area according to their vulnerability levels to flood and the results are presented in maps. The generation of vulnerability maps representing the two different perspectives of local decision makers (experts) and affected households is discussed using the methodology.
Spatiotemporal analyses of land use and land cover changes in suleja local go...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes land use and land cover changes in Suleja Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria between 1987 and 2012 using satellite images. The study found increases in built up land, farmland, and bare soil, and declines in vegetation over this period. Specifically, built up land increased from 7.0 km2 in 1987 to 17.9 km2 in 2012, farmland increased from 50.1 km2 to 63.0 km2, and vegetation declined from 68.7 km2 to 43.1 km2. The increases are attributed to urbanization from population growth and migration near the capital city of Abuja. The changes can lead to environmental degradation if not managed sustainably.
Critical Issues of Sustainability Associated with Quarry Activities-Crimson P...CrimsonPublishersAMMS
Critical Issues of Sustainability Associated with Quarry Activities by Nwachukwu MA*, Ojeaga K and Gilbert Chinelo in Aspects in Mining & Mineral Science
Enhancing environmental integrity in the northern savanna zone of ghana a rem...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on land degradation in northern Ghana and proposes sites for woodlot development. The study analyzed satellite imagery from 2010 to classify land cover in Northern, Upper East, and Upper West regions. It found high levels of bare soil/degraded land, indicating risk of desertification. Interviews with farmers revealed environmental challenges and criteria for woodlot sites. The analysis identified potential woodlot sites in less populated districts where agriculture is not the primary land use. The study concludes by proposing suitable sites to address land degradation through woodlot development.
Effects of mining activities on access to potable water households’ perceptiAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the effects of mining activities on access to potable water in the Konongo and Odumasi communities in Ghana. The study found that:
1) Households in the communities perceive the local Owere and Agogowa streams as dirty due to mining activities. As a result, they have stopped using the streams as a water source and now rely on alternative sources like pipe-borne water and hand dug wells.
2) The majority of households (82.2%) have changed their main water source and the distance to that source in the past 15 years, citing mining activities as destroying nearby streams or making them unhealthy.
3) Mining activities have indirectly limited access to
Application of Geospatial Technique in Selection of Suitable Solid Waste Dump...IJSRED
1) The study looked at using geospatial techniques to select suitable solid waste dumpsites in Aba, Abia State, Nigeria.
2) Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) were used to integrate different spatial datasets like land use maps and evaluate them based on criteria to identify potential dumpsite locations.
3) The study found that 26 of the 27 existing dumpsites were improperly located and the only dumpsite was inadequate. It recommended establishing additional suitable dumpsites identified through the analysis and properly managing waste disposal.
Similar to Investigating the Causes of Erosion in Kaltungo Local Government Area, Gombe State, Nigeria (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.