As the technology for the power semiconductor devices and integrated circuit develops, the potential for applications of power electronics become wider.
Lecture Outline
Introduction to subject
Application Areas
Power Electronic Devices
Power Converters
What is power electronics?
1) Definition
Power Electronics: is the electronics applied to conversion and control of electric power.
Prerequisites
Power electronics incorporates concepts from the fields of
Analog circuits
Electronic devices
Control systems
Power systems
Magnetics
Electric machines
Numerical simulation
Scope
It is not possible to build practical computers, cell phones, personal data devices, cars, airplanes, industrial processes, and other everyday products without power electronics.
Alternative energy systems such as wind generators, solar power, fuel cells, and others require power electronics to function.
Technology advances such as electric and hybrid vehicles, laptop computers, microwave ovens, flat-panel displays, LED lighting, and hundreds of other innovations were not possible until advances in power electronics enabled their implementation.
Although no one can predict the future, it is certain that power electronics will be at the heart of fundamental energy innovations.
Applications: Electric VehicleTesla Model S
Functions of the power electronics:
1. Convert the DC battery voltage to the variable AC required to drive the AC motor
240 V battery
Variable-frequency, variable-voltage AC drives the motor
AC motor propels the rear axle
Up to 330 kW (acceleration)
Up to 60 kW regenerative braking
2. Control charging of the battery
Interface to 240 V 60 Hz 1φ 100 A circuit in garage.
Control AC current waveform to be sinusoidal, unity power factor.
Control charging of battery to maximize life.
Applications: Hybrid VehiclesPrius
Power Electronics Module:
Convert the DC battery voltage to the variable AC required to drive the AC motor.
Includes dc-dc boost converter and dc-3φ ac inverter
Control system can operate in all-electric mode or in hybrid gas+electric mode
Partial-power electronics
AC voltage controllers are thyristor-based devices that can vary the output voltage of an AC supply without changing frequency. They use phase control or integral cycle control strategies to control power flow. Applications include heating, lighting control, and motor speed control. A continuous gating signal is required for full-wave controllers with RL loads to ensure thyristors turn off properly.
Power electronics involves controlling the flow of electrical energy through electronic circuits. Rectifiers and inverters are common examples. Power electronics emphasizes large semiconductor devices, magnetic energy storage, and control methods for nonlinear systems. It plays a central role in energy systems and alternative resources. Power electronic systems efficiently convert electrical energy from one form to another. Power electronics courses cover high voltage switching devices, rectifiers, DC-DC converters, and inverters. Thyristors like SCRs are semiconductor devices that act as open or closed switches for control applications. SCRs are used for power control, backup lighting, and over-voltage protection.
Power electronics & power electronic systemAkshay Parmar
Power electronics involves efficiently converting electrical energy from one form to another using semiconductor devices. It deals with modifying electrical energy on a power level rather than signal level. Power electronic converters can be found wherever electrical energy needs to be modified, ranging from milliwatts to hundreds of megawatts. Power conversion systems can be classified based on their input and output power types, such as AC to DC, DC to AC, DC to DC, and AC to AC conversion.
These slides provide an elementary description of Power Electronics and its application domains. It also shows the different power devices and converters.
Introduction to Power Electronics, Power Diodes, Thyristors and Power Transistors. Different types of Power Converters, Applications of Power Electronics and Peripheral effects.
This presentation consider as general subject on inverter circuits and it takes only about 10 Min. to presente it in front of my class mates.
this presentation talkes about the definition of the inverter circuit, it's applications, SPWM technique and finally show the circuit diagram and output waveform of single phase half brdige inverter and single phase full bridge inverter.
Lecture Outline
Introduction to subject
Application Areas
Power Electronic Devices
Power Converters
What is power electronics?
1) Definition
Power Electronics: is the electronics applied to conversion and control of electric power.
Prerequisites
Power electronics incorporates concepts from the fields of
Analog circuits
Electronic devices
Control systems
Power systems
Magnetics
Electric machines
Numerical simulation
Scope
It is not possible to build practical computers, cell phones, personal data devices, cars, airplanes, industrial processes, and other everyday products without power electronics.
Alternative energy systems such as wind generators, solar power, fuel cells, and others require power electronics to function.
Technology advances such as electric and hybrid vehicles, laptop computers, microwave ovens, flat-panel displays, LED lighting, and hundreds of other innovations were not possible until advances in power electronics enabled their implementation.
Although no one can predict the future, it is certain that power electronics will be at the heart of fundamental energy innovations.
Applications: Electric VehicleTesla Model S
Functions of the power electronics:
1. Convert the DC battery voltage to the variable AC required to drive the AC motor
240 V battery
Variable-frequency, variable-voltage AC drives the motor
AC motor propels the rear axle
Up to 330 kW (acceleration)
Up to 60 kW regenerative braking
2. Control charging of the battery
Interface to 240 V 60 Hz 1φ 100 A circuit in garage.
Control AC current waveform to be sinusoidal, unity power factor.
Control charging of battery to maximize life.
Applications: Hybrid VehiclesPrius
Power Electronics Module:
Convert the DC battery voltage to the variable AC required to drive the AC motor.
Includes dc-dc boost converter and dc-3φ ac inverter
Control system can operate in all-electric mode or in hybrid gas+electric mode
Partial-power electronics
AC voltage controllers are thyristor-based devices that can vary the output voltage of an AC supply without changing frequency. They use phase control or integral cycle control strategies to control power flow. Applications include heating, lighting control, and motor speed control. A continuous gating signal is required for full-wave controllers with RL loads to ensure thyristors turn off properly.
Power electronics involves controlling the flow of electrical energy through electronic circuits. Rectifiers and inverters are common examples. Power electronics emphasizes large semiconductor devices, magnetic energy storage, and control methods for nonlinear systems. It plays a central role in energy systems and alternative resources. Power electronic systems efficiently convert electrical energy from one form to another. Power electronics courses cover high voltage switching devices, rectifiers, DC-DC converters, and inverters. Thyristors like SCRs are semiconductor devices that act as open or closed switches for control applications. SCRs are used for power control, backup lighting, and over-voltage protection.
Power electronics & power electronic systemAkshay Parmar
Power electronics involves efficiently converting electrical energy from one form to another using semiconductor devices. It deals with modifying electrical energy on a power level rather than signal level. Power electronic converters can be found wherever electrical energy needs to be modified, ranging from milliwatts to hundreds of megawatts. Power conversion systems can be classified based on their input and output power types, such as AC to DC, DC to AC, DC to DC, and AC to AC conversion.
These slides provide an elementary description of Power Electronics and its application domains. It also shows the different power devices and converters.
Introduction to Power Electronics, Power Diodes, Thyristors and Power Transistors. Different types of Power Converters, Applications of Power Electronics and Peripheral effects.
This presentation consider as general subject on inverter circuits and it takes only about 10 Min. to presente it in front of my class mates.
this presentation talkes about the definition of the inverter circuit, it's applications, SPWM technique and finally show the circuit diagram and output waveform of single phase half brdige inverter and single phase full bridge inverter.
This document describes three classes of transistor amplifier operation: Class A, B, and C.
Class A operation has one device conducting over the entire AC cycle with a conduction angle of 360 degrees. Class B has two devices each conducting for half the cycle with a conduction angle of 180 degrees. Class C has very brief conduction over a small portion of the cycle with a conduction angle less than 180 degrees.
Class A has the highest linearity and lowest distortion but also the lowest maximum efficiency of 25%. Class B has a higher maximum efficiency of 78.5% while Class C can reach 100% efficiency but has the poorest linearity and highest distortion.
The presentation summarized the Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET). It described the basic structure of a MOSFET, including the gate, source, drain, field oxide and gate oxide layers. It explained the working principle of a MOSFET, noting that applying a positive or negative gate voltage can invert the p-type semiconductor surface to n-type, controlling the flow of electrons between the source and drain. Finally, it discussed common applications of MOSFETs in electronics like calculators, memory devices, power amplifiers and automobile sound systems.
This document outlines the syllabus for a Power Electronics course. It covers key topics like power semiconductor switches, AC-DC converters, DC-DC converters, AC-DC inverters, and AC-AC converters. Specific units will discuss power switching devices, phase controlled rectifiers, choppers/SMPS, inverters, and voltage regulators. The course aims to develop skills for designing power converters for drive and power system applications and to understand commercial and industrial power electronics applications.
Ampere hour capacity of battery and battery back up calculationHassansyed32
This document discusses batteries, including primary and secondary batteries, different battery materials like lead acid and lithium ion, and ampere hour battery capacity. It defines ampere hour as the amount of energy charge in a battery that will allow one ampere of current to flow for one hour. It also explains how to calculate battery back-up time using the formula of dividing battery capacity in amp hours by the power consumption in watts, using an example of a 12V 180Ah battery powering a 500W load.
It is based on current transformer description
It's working and applications are present in it ,it also includes videos of it's windings and it's inrush ability of transformer, and also about instrument transformer and it's working with applications.Current transformers are used-in measuring high currents and connected with it in parallel to it
Representation of power system componentsPrasanna Rao
This document discusses the representation of power system components in circuit models for analysis. It introduces the key components of a power system, including generators, transmission lines, and distribution systems. It then covers circuit models for representing synchronous machines, transformers, transmission lines, and static and dynamic loads. The rest of the document discusses additional modeling techniques like one-line diagrams, impedance diagrams, per-unit systems, and calculating base values for analysis.
single phase half bridge inverter, full bridge inverter, parallel inverter, load commutated inverter with working and waveforms.
download and watch the animations. it will be effective.
single phase bridge inverter harmonic analysis.
The document provides an introduction to electric drives. It discusses that drives are used for motion control and require prime movers, with electric drives using electric motors as prime movers. About 50% of electrical energy is used for drives, which can be fixed or variable speed. Modern electric drives use power electronic converters to be small, efficient, and flexible compared to conventional drives. Electric drives have components like motors, power sources, power processors, control units, and sensors. AC and DC drives are overviewed and the use of different motor types in drives is explained.
The document discusses IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), a three-terminal semiconductor switching device used for fast switching with high efficiency. It has three terminals - collector, emitter, and gate. The gate terminal is insulated from the semiconductor layers. IGBT is constructed of four layered semiconductors sandwiched together. IGBT characteristics include initially blocking current flow until the gate voltage exceeds the threshold voltage, after which collector current increases with gate voltage. The output characteristics also have three stages - cutoff, small leakage current, and active regions depending on the gate voltage. IGBT is mainly used in power applications due to advantages over BJTs and MOSFETs like lower on-res
Here are the key methods for turning on a thyristor:
- Gate trigger pulse: Applying a positive voltage pulse between gate and cathode increases leakage current, initiating regenerative turn-on. This is the controlled method.
- Thermal triggering: Increasing temperature raises leakage currents, which can initiate turn-on without a gate pulse under high temperature conditions. This is an uncontrolled method.
- Light triggering: Illuminating the thyristor junctions with light generates electron-hole pairs, raising leakage currents and enabling turn-on without a gate pulse in photosensitive thyristors. Again, uncontrolled.
- dv/dt triggering: A sufficiently fast rate of rise of the anode voltage can generate displacement
It contains overview of thermal power plant with single line diagram.
Next motors used in power plants and starters of various types.
After, All the necessary information about Variable Frequency Drive with Diagrams which will assist in understanding easily and more convenient way.
Power System Stability And Control Using Fact DevicesHARENDRA KUKNA
This seminar paper presentation provides an overview of power system stability, including a proposed definition and classification. It discusses rotor angle stability, voltage stability, and frequency stability. Rotor angle stability refers to synchronous machines remaining in synchronism after a disturbance. Voltage stability means maintaining steady voltages at all buses after a disturbance. Frequency stability is the ability to maintain steady frequency following a severe imbalance between generation and load. Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) are also introduced as a means to enhance stability, security, and power transfer capacity.
This ppt gives the basic idea about multilevel inverter.this ppt includes
1.Introduction
2.Advantages of multilevel inverters
3.Types of multilevel inverters
4.Working of multilevel inverters
5.Applications.
Seperation of losses in three phase induction motorarikesh
This document provides instructions to separate the losses in a three-phase induction motor. It lists the required apparatus, describes the theory behind separating core and friction/windage losses through a no-load test at variable voltages, outlines the procedure to conduct the test, and explains how to calculate losses by plotting no-load power versus voltage and extrapolating to zero voltage. Measurements of stator resistance and calculations of copper loss are also described to fully separate motor losses.
A MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) is a semiconductor device that is commonly used in power electronics. It works by modulating charge concentration between a gate electrode, which is insulated from other device regions by an oxide layer, and a body region. Depending on whether it is an n-channel or p-channel MOSFET, the source and drain regions have either n+ or p+ doping while the body has the opposite doping. Applying a voltage to the gate can turn the channel between source and drain on or off to allow or prevent current flow. MOSFETs can be made with silicon on insulator or other semiconductor materials.
Facts static voltage & phase angle regulatorsSITCOE, Yadrav
This document discusses static voltage and phase angle regulators, which are used to regulate voltage and phase angle in power systems. It covers how these regulators can be used for voltage and phase angle regulation, power flow control, real and reactive power loop control, improving transient stability, and damping power oscillations. The document serves as an introduction to these concepts and their applications in electrical power grids.
This document provides an overview of power electronics including:
1. Definitions of power electronics as the processing and control of electric power using power semiconductor devices.
2. A brief history of power electronics from vacuum tube rectifiers to modern devices like IGBTs.
3. Examples of applications in areas like motor drives, power supplies, renewable energy systems.
4. A simple example of a dc-dc buck converter to illustrate basic power conversion principles.
This document provides an overview of power electronics. It discusses the definition and history of power electronics, its applications and interdisciplinary nature. It also gives an example of a simple dc-dc converter to illustrate power conversion using a switch, low pass filter and control system. The major issues in power electronics are improving performance, efficiency, size/weight/cost while reducing electromagnetic interference.
This document describes three classes of transistor amplifier operation: Class A, B, and C.
Class A operation has one device conducting over the entire AC cycle with a conduction angle of 360 degrees. Class B has two devices each conducting for half the cycle with a conduction angle of 180 degrees. Class C has very brief conduction over a small portion of the cycle with a conduction angle less than 180 degrees.
Class A has the highest linearity and lowest distortion but also the lowest maximum efficiency of 25%. Class B has a higher maximum efficiency of 78.5% while Class C can reach 100% efficiency but has the poorest linearity and highest distortion.
The presentation summarized the Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET). It described the basic structure of a MOSFET, including the gate, source, drain, field oxide and gate oxide layers. It explained the working principle of a MOSFET, noting that applying a positive or negative gate voltage can invert the p-type semiconductor surface to n-type, controlling the flow of electrons between the source and drain. Finally, it discussed common applications of MOSFETs in electronics like calculators, memory devices, power amplifiers and automobile sound systems.
This document outlines the syllabus for a Power Electronics course. It covers key topics like power semiconductor switches, AC-DC converters, DC-DC converters, AC-DC inverters, and AC-AC converters. Specific units will discuss power switching devices, phase controlled rectifiers, choppers/SMPS, inverters, and voltage regulators. The course aims to develop skills for designing power converters for drive and power system applications and to understand commercial and industrial power electronics applications.
Ampere hour capacity of battery and battery back up calculationHassansyed32
This document discusses batteries, including primary and secondary batteries, different battery materials like lead acid and lithium ion, and ampere hour battery capacity. It defines ampere hour as the amount of energy charge in a battery that will allow one ampere of current to flow for one hour. It also explains how to calculate battery back-up time using the formula of dividing battery capacity in amp hours by the power consumption in watts, using an example of a 12V 180Ah battery powering a 500W load.
It is based on current transformer description
It's working and applications are present in it ,it also includes videos of it's windings and it's inrush ability of transformer, and also about instrument transformer and it's working with applications.Current transformers are used-in measuring high currents and connected with it in parallel to it
Representation of power system componentsPrasanna Rao
This document discusses the representation of power system components in circuit models for analysis. It introduces the key components of a power system, including generators, transmission lines, and distribution systems. It then covers circuit models for representing synchronous machines, transformers, transmission lines, and static and dynamic loads. The rest of the document discusses additional modeling techniques like one-line diagrams, impedance diagrams, per-unit systems, and calculating base values for analysis.
single phase half bridge inverter, full bridge inverter, parallel inverter, load commutated inverter with working and waveforms.
download and watch the animations. it will be effective.
single phase bridge inverter harmonic analysis.
The document provides an introduction to electric drives. It discusses that drives are used for motion control and require prime movers, with electric drives using electric motors as prime movers. About 50% of electrical energy is used for drives, which can be fixed or variable speed. Modern electric drives use power electronic converters to be small, efficient, and flexible compared to conventional drives. Electric drives have components like motors, power sources, power processors, control units, and sensors. AC and DC drives are overviewed and the use of different motor types in drives is explained.
The document discusses IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), a three-terminal semiconductor switching device used for fast switching with high efficiency. It has three terminals - collector, emitter, and gate. The gate terminal is insulated from the semiconductor layers. IGBT is constructed of four layered semiconductors sandwiched together. IGBT characteristics include initially blocking current flow until the gate voltage exceeds the threshold voltage, after which collector current increases with gate voltage. The output characteristics also have three stages - cutoff, small leakage current, and active regions depending on the gate voltage. IGBT is mainly used in power applications due to advantages over BJTs and MOSFETs like lower on-res
Here are the key methods for turning on a thyristor:
- Gate trigger pulse: Applying a positive voltage pulse between gate and cathode increases leakage current, initiating regenerative turn-on. This is the controlled method.
- Thermal triggering: Increasing temperature raises leakage currents, which can initiate turn-on without a gate pulse under high temperature conditions. This is an uncontrolled method.
- Light triggering: Illuminating the thyristor junctions with light generates electron-hole pairs, raising leakage currents and enabling turn-on without a gate pulse in photosensitive thyristors. Again, uncontrolled.
- dv/dt triggering: A sufficiently fast rate of rise of the anode voltage can generate displacement
It contains overview of thermal power plant with single line diagram.
Next motors used in power plants and starters of various types.
After, All the necessary information about Variable Frequency Drive with Diagrams which will assist in understanding easily and more convenient way.
Power System Stability And Control Using Fact DevicesHARENDRA KUKNA
This seminar paper presentation provides an overview of power system stability, including a proposed definition and classification. It discusses rotor angle stability, voltage stability, and frequency stability. Rotor angle stability refers to synchronous machines remaining in synchronism after a disturbance. Voltage stability means maintaining steady voltages at all buses after a disturbance. Frequency stability is the ability to maintain steady frequency following a severe imbalance between generation and load. Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) are also introduced as a means to enhance stability, security, and power transfer capacity.
This ppt gives the basic idea about multilevel inverter.this ppt includes
1.Introduction
2.Advantages of multilevel inverters
3.Types of multilevel inverters
4.Working of multilevel inverters
5.Applications.
Seperation of losses in three phase induction motorarikesh
This document provides instructions to separate the losses in a three-phase induction motor. It lists the required apparatus, describes the theory behind separating core and friction/windage losses through a no-load test at variable voltages, outlines the procedure to conduct the test, and explains how to calculate losses by plotting no-load power versus voltage and extrapolating to zero voltage. Measurements of stator resistance and calculations of copper loss are also described to fully separate motor losses.
A MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) is a semiconductor device that is commonly used in power electronics. It works by modulating charge concentration between a gate electrode, which is insulated from other device regions by an oxide layer, and a body region. Depending on whether it is an n-channel or p-channel MOSFET, the source and drain regions have either n+ or p+ doping while the body has the opposite doping. Applying a voltage to the gate can turn the channel between source and drain on or off to allow or prevent current flow. MOSFETs can be made with silicon on insulator or other semiconductor materials.
Facts static voltage & phase angle regulatorsSITCOE, Yadrav
This document discusses static voltage and phase angle regulators, which are used to regulate voltage and phase angle in power systems. It covers how these regulators can be used for voltage and phase angle regulation, power flow control, real and reactive power loop control, improving transient stability, and damping power oscillations. The document serves as an introduction to these concepts and their applications in electrical power grids.
This document provides an overview of power electronics including:
1. Definitions of power electronics as the processing and control of electric power using power semiconductor devices.
2. A brief history of power electronics from vacuum tube rectifiers to modern devices like IGBTs.
3. Examples of applications in areas like motor drives, power supplies, renewable energy systems.
4. A simple example of a dc-dc buck converter to illustrate basic power conversion principles.
This document provides an overview of power electronics. It discusses the definition and history of power electronics, its applications and interdisciplinary nature. It also gives an example of a simple dc-dc converter to illustrate power conversion using a switch, low pass filter and control system. The major issues in power electronics are improving performance, efficiency, size/weight/cost while reducing electromagnetic interference.
This document provides an introduction to power electronics, including definitions, applications, and future trends. Power electronics is defined as the application of solid state electronics for the control and conversion of power. It has a large market share in the overall electronics industry. Power electronics draws from multiple disciplines and is used in a variety of applications including motor drives, power supplies, and renewable energy systems. The document discusses different types of power conversion and figures of merit for evaluating converters. Future areas of development include improved semiconductor devices, increased energy density, integrated control circuits, and distributed power systems.
Lecture 1 Introduction of Power Electronicsaadesharya
This document provides information about a power electronics course taught at the College of Engineering Roorkee. It introduces the course objectives which are to acquaint students with fundamental power electronics concepts and their applications. The course outcomes are then listed, which include relating semiconductor physics to power devices, describing power device operation, designing and analyzing power converter circuits, and identifying solutions for applications. Finally, the syllabus outlines the 5 units that will be covered in the course, including power semiconductor devices, DC-DC converters, phase controlled converters, AC voltage controllers, and inverters.
This document outlines the course objectives, learning outcomes, assessment methods, and introduction for the Power Electronics and Drives course taught by Dr. Marmeezee bin Mohd.Yusoff at the International Islamic University Malaysia. The course objectives are to introduce students to power electronics applications and devices, familiarize students with converter types and electric drives, and expose students to power electronics design. Students will be assessed through assignments, quizzes, projects, midterm and final exams. The introduction covers definitions of power electronics and the components of a power electronics system.
pdfcoffee.com_power-electronics-er-faruk-bin-poyen-dept-of-aeie-uit-bu-burdwa...Gopal Krishna Murthy C R
Power electronics is the application of electronics at high power levels and involves the conversion, control and conditioning of electric power. It has grown rapidly due to advances in power semiconductor switches, microelectronics, control algorithms and new applications. Power electronics systems range from a few watts to several megawatts and include power processors that control the flow of electric energy between input and output ports. Major applications of power electronics include industrial motor drives, transportation systems, utility systems, power supplies and residential appliances. Emerging topics in power electronics focus on improving efficiency, reducing size and cost, and minimizing negative impacts on power systems and the environment.
Basic Power Electronics Concepts_Ozipineci_ORNL.pdfgulie
This document provides an introduction to power electronics. It defines power electronics as technology used to change the characteristics of electrical power to suit applications. The document outlines the history and types of power semiconductor devices like diodes, thyristors, MOSFETs and IGBTs. It also describes different types of power converters including rectifiers, inverters, and DC-DC converters. Thermal management of power devices is also discussed.
Characterization and Modeling of Power Electronics DeviceIAES-IJPEDS
This document discusses power electronics devices and their characterization and modeling. It provides an overview of several types of power semiconductor devices used in power converters, including MOSFETs, IGBTs, and GTOs. The document describes the characteristics and modeling of these devices, including their circuit symbols, I-V characteristics, and switching capabilities. It also presents results from MATLAB simulations that model and compare the voltage and current waveforms of MOSFETs, IGBTs, and GTOs operating in a power converter circuit with a resistive load.
This document provides an overview of power electronics and discusses power semiconductor devices and thyristors. It begins with defining power electronics and describing its applications in areas like power generation, transmission, distribution and utilization. It then discusses different types of power semiconductor devices including power diodes, transistors, MOSFETs, IGBTs and thyristors. The document focuses on thyristors, explaining their structure, modes of operation including forward blocking, reverse blocking and conduction modes. It also discusses the characteristics of thyristors including their V-I characteristics and switching behavior.
Lecture 1 introduction of Power Electronicsaadesharya
The document provides an introduction to the course on Power Electronics. It defines power electronics as the field that utilizes electronic power devices to convert one form of electric power to another with proper control. The document discusses the objectives of the course which is to acquaint students with fundamental power electronics concepts and switches. It also provides a block diagram of typical power electronics systems showing the power converter and controller that work together to provide controlled power to different loads.
This document provides an introduction to power electronics. It defines power electronics as the technology associated with efficient conversion and control of electric power using power semiconductor devices. The future of global society will be dominated by computers and power electronics, with the former providing intelligence and the latter providing the means. Power electronics has many applications and is multidisciplinary, drawing from fields like signal processing, electronics, electromagnetics, and control theory. It describes the types of power electronic circuits like rectifiers, converters, choppers, inverters, and AC-AC converters. Power devices are also classified based on the number of terminals, charge carriers, and degree of controllability.
The document discusses power electronics and provides three key points:
1. Power electronics is the technology associated with efficient conversion and control of electric power using power semiconductor devices. It involves the application of circuit theory and analytical tools for efficient power conversion.
2. Power electronics has wide-ranging applications from daily appliances to automotive, industrial, renewable energy, and utility systems. It is used in devices like fans, air conditioners, electric vehicles, motor drives, solar panels, and HVDC transmission.
3. The core components of power electronics are power semiconductor switches like diodes, thyristors, MOSFETs, and IGBTs. Power electronic circuits can be classified as diode rectifiers, AC
Comparative analysis of a cascaded seven level and five level mli based distr...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that compares a cascaded seven-level and five-level multilevel inverter-based distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) for compensating harmonics and reactive power using reference frame theory. The paper presents the configuration of a DSTATCOM using a cascaded multilevel inverter with five levels and seven levels. It describes the operation and switching states of the five-level and seven-level inverters. It also discusses the reference current control strategy used, which generates the reference currents required to compensate load current harmonics and reactive power based on instantaneous real-power theory. The control scheme aims to maintain the DC bus voltage constant. The proposed DSTATCOM system is
Dr. R. RAJA presented on the concept of power electronics. Power electronics is a hybrid field that combines power engineering, electronics, semiconductor devices, and control systems. It allows electrical energy to be regulated and converted into usable forms like motion, light, and heat. The development of silicon controlled rectifiers in 1958 was a major advancement, allowing more effective control of electrical energy than previous technologies. Power electronics devices act as switches that are either fully on with zero voltage drop and full current, or fully off with zero current and full voltage drop. Proper thermal management is important due to power losses during switching and in the on and off states. Power electronic systems also require control and feedback circuits to regulate the output as desired for applications
Wireless power transmission (WPT) has attracted a wide variety of subjects in various disciplines and has also become a highly active research field due to its capacity to facilitate charging systems. Wireless power transmission will be compulsory to use soon as this technology enables electrical energy to be transmitted from a power source to an electrical load over an air gap without connecting wires. Wireless power transmission has been developed in the low power (1W to 10W) and high power (100W-500W) region. While the low power region development focuses on powering medical transplants and mobile charging, the higher end of the power spectrum is being developed for the electric vehicle (EV) applications. However medium power range (10W to 100W) is relatively unexplored due to lack of proper applications. The commercial WPT scheme is mainly used for the charging of lithium-ion batteries. Sensitive medium power loads like Lithium Polymer (LiPo) batteries do not have a wireless modular charging system. This paper discusses a proposed scheme for wireless charging of medium-range loads. LiPo batteries are used as the targeted charging load. A minimalistic approach has been considered while designing the electronics for efficiency improvement and a compact, modular scheme. The proposed scheme has been developed for drone and robotics applications and the results are validated.
This document provides an overview of the Power Electronics 17EC73 subject. It discusses the key topics that will be covered, including the basic theory of power semiconductor devices, practical applications of devices in power electronic systems, AC-DC and DC-DC conversion circuits. It also outlines the objectives and outcomes of Module 1, which will cover the construction, characteristics and applications of power devices and power electronic converters. The document then provides details on the history and applications of power electronics, as well as the characteristics, types and design of key power semiconductor devices and power electronic circuits.
This document provides an overview of the Power Electronics 17EC73 subject. It discusses the key topics that will be covered, including the basic theory of power semiconductor devices, practical applications of devices in power electronic systems, AC-DC and DC conversion circuits. It also outlines the objectives and outcomes of Module 1, which will cover the construction, characteristics and applications of power devices and different power electronic converter types.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
2. POWER ELECTRONICS
1. Mohan, Ned, Tore Undeland, and William
Robbins. Power Electronics: Converters, Applications,
and Design. 2nd ed.
2. Rashid, Muhammad H. Power Electronics and Electric
Power. 2nd ed.
3. Kassakian, John G., Martin F. Schlecht, and George C.
Verghese. Principles of Power Electronics.
3. Relation with multiple disciplines
Power electronics is currently the most active discipline in electric power
engineering.
Power
electronics
electroni
cs
electr
Electric
machines
Circuit Ct
theory
Systems&
Control theory
Control
theory
Signal
processing
Simulation &
computing
electronics
Solid state
physics
Electromagnetics
Power
systems
4. The interdisciplinary nature
Power electronics is the interface between electronics and power.
Power
Electronics
学
Electronics Power
学
Control
Continuous,
discrete
连续、离
散
Static & rotating
power equipment
Devices,circuits
5. POWER ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY
As the technology for the power semiconductor devices and integrated
circuit develops, the potential for applications of power electronics become
wider.
The power semiconductor devices or power electronic converter fall
generally into four categories :
AC to DC Converter (Controlled Rectifier)
DC to DC Converter (DC Chopper)
AC to AC Converter (AC voltage regulator)
DC to AC Converter (Inverter)
The design of power electronics converter circuits requires design the
power and control circuits. The voltage and current harmonics that are
generated by the power converters can be reduced or minimized with a proper
choice of the control strategy.
6. Power Electronics Application
Power Electronics defined as the application of solid-
state (devices) electronics for the control and
conversion of electric power.
Power electronics have already found an important
place in modern technology and are now used in a
great variety of high-power product, including heat
controls, light controls, electric motor control, power
supplies, vehicle propulsion system and high voltage
direct current (HVDC) systems.
7. 1.Uncontrolled turn on and off (Power Diode)
2.Controlled turn on uncontrolled turn off (Thyristors)
3.Controlled turn on and off characteristic (Power Transistor, BJT,
MOSFET, GTO, IGBT)
4.Continuous gate signal requirement (BJT, MOSFET, IGBT)
5.Pulse gate requirement (SCR(Silicon-Controlled Rectifier) , GTO)
6.Bidirectional current capability (TRIAC)
7.Undirectionalcurrent capability (SCR, GTO, BJT, MOSFET,
IGBT)
POWER ELECTRONIC SWITCHING
DEVICES
8. The history
Mercury arc rectifier
Vacuum- tube rectifier
Thyratron
Invention of
Thyristor
Applicat ion of
fast- switching
fully- controlled
semiconductor
devices
Power diode
Thyristor
GTO
GTR
Power MOSFET
Thyristor
(microprocessor)
IGBT
Power MOSFET
Thyristor
(DSP)
Pre-history 1st phase 2nd phase 3rd phase
1957
1900 late 1980s
mid 1970s
10. Power electronic system
Generic structure of a power electronic system
Control is invariably required. Power converter along with its
controller including the corresponding measurement and interface
circuits, is also called power electronic system.
Power
Converter
Control input
Controller
Reference
Power
input
Power
output
Feedback
(measurements
of output signals )
Feedforward
( measurements
of input signals )
14. 14
Control Center
Micro-Turbine
Hospital
Commercial
Building
Fuel Cell
Smart House
Performance
Building
Combined Heat and Power
Plant (CHP)
Factory
Commercial Building
House
Apartment Building
Wind Power Plants
Village
Commercial
Building
Central Power
Station Solar Power Plants
CHP House
Importance
Increasing applications of Power Electronic Equipment in Power Systems
Availability of high power
semiconductor devices
Decentralized renewable
energy generation sources
Increased power transfer
with existing transmission
system
Effective control of power
flow needed in a
deregulated environment
Norms for Power quality
Future Power System
15. 15
Listing of Power Electronic
Applications
Distributed generation (DG)
Renewable resources (wind and photovoltaic)
Fuel cells and micro-turbines
Storage: batteries, super-conducting magnetic energy storage,
flywheels
Power electronics loads: Adjustable speed drives
Power quality solutions
Dual feeders
Uninterruptible power supplies
Dynamic voltage restorers
Transmission and distribution (T&D)
High voltage dc (HVDC) and medium voltage dc
Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS): Shunt and Series
compensation, and the unified power flow controller
16. 16
Role of Power Electronics in
Important Utility Applications
Power Electronic Loads: Adjustable Speed Drives
Controller
Motor
Utility
Rectifier
Switch-mode
Converter
17. 17
Role of Power Electronics in
Important Utility Applications
• Transmission and Distribution: Flexible AC Transmission Systems
(FACTS)
1 2
sin
E E
P
X
1
E
2
E
3
E
+
-
3
E
1
E 2
E
Shunt
converter
Series
converter
I
Shunt and Series Compensation
Series Compensation
22. 22
• hybrid cars, in which the primary electrical system is dominated by
power electronics. Electric cars offer high performance, zero tailpipe
emissions, and low costs, but are still limited in range by the need
for batteries.
• Hybrid car designs use various strategies to combine both an engine
and electrical elements to gain advantages of each.
• Inverters and DC-DC converters rated for many kilowatts serve as
primary energy control blocks.
Hybrid Cars
23. Transportation applications
Trains & locomotives
Subways
Trolley buses
Magnetic levitation
Electric vehicles
Automotive electronics
Ship power systems
Aircraft power systems
24. Applications in space technology
Spaceship power systems
Satellite power systems
Space vehicle power systems
25. Trends
It is estimated that in developed countries now 60% of the electric
energy goes through some kind of power electronics converters before it
is finally used. Power electronics has been making major contributions
to:
Better performance of power supplies and better control of electric
equipment
Energy saving
Environment protection
26. Heat Removal Mechanism
26
SCR (stud-type) on air-
cooled kits
Fin-type Heat Sink SCR (hokey-puck-type) on
power pakkits
Assembly of power converters
28. 5/7/2023 28
Summary
The characteristics of the power devices play a
major role in the speed and effectiveness of the
power conversion.
Power electronics uses low power electronics
(ICs), control, and switching power devices for
power converter and/or processing from one form
to another.