These slides provide an elementary description of Power Electronics and its application domains. It also shows the different power devices and converters.
As the technology for the power semiconductor devices and integrated circuit develops, the potential for applications of power electronics become wider.
These slides provide an elementary description of Power Electronics and its application domains. It also shows the different power devices and converters.
As the technology for the power semiconductor devices and integrated circuit develops, the potential for applications of power electronics become wider.
Characterization and Modeling of Power Electronics DeviceIAES-IJPEDS
During the three decades spent, the advances of high voltage/current semiconductor technology directly affect the power electronics converter technology and its progress. The developments of power semiconductors led successively to the appearance of the elements such as the Thyristors, and become commercially available. The various semiconductor devices can be classified into the way they can be controlled, uncontrolled category such as the Diode when it’s on or off state is controlled by the power circuit, and second category is the fully controlled such as the Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), and this category can be included a new hybrid devices such as the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), and the Gate Turn-off Thyristor (GTO). This paper describes the characteristics and modeling of several types of power semiconductor devices such as MOSFET, IGBT and GTO.
IjEVOLUTION OF POWER SUPPLY AND ITS APPLICATION TO ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ...IAEME Publication
Electricity can be produced using chemical effect where the movement of ions constitutes a flow of current through the electrolyte. Electrochemical cells are used as storage cells where chemical energy can be converted into electrical energy. The most efficient and widely used method for the generation of electricity is based on the laws of Electromagnetic Induction. According to this law electromotive force is induced in a conductor whenever the conductor cuts across magnetic lines of flux. The invention of the Diode Valve in 1904 and the invention of the triode valve in 1906 and their largescale production from 1920 onwards helped to manufacture electronic products and instruments. The invention of the galena-based Cat’s whisker detector in 1906 was the milestone of manufacturing crystal radio receivers. Cuprous oxide rectifier was invented in 1926 and was used for the rectification of power supply frequencies. Selenium rectifier was invented in 1933 and it was also used for the rectification of power frequencies but selenium rectifier was more efficient and was best in low-voltage, heavy current applications. Commercial manufacturing of germanium crystal diode was started in 1946. Then invention of the bipolar junction transistor in 1948 had replaced the valves because of low power, low cost, small size and long-lasting. Electrical products are generally operated from the mains power supply. But electronic products are operated by D.C supply and nowadays most of the communication devices are designed to be operated by the low-watt power supply. Scientists and researchers are developing low power, low heat dissipation, low dropout, miniature and energy harvesting efficient power supply.
Characterization and Modeling of Power Electronics DeviceIAES-IJPEDS
During the three decades spent, the advances of high voltage/current semiconductor technology directly affect the power electronics converter technology and its progress. The developments of power semiconductors led successively to the appearance of the elements such as the Thyristors, and become commercially available. The various semiconductor devices can be classified into the way they can be controlled, uncontrolled category such as the Diode when it’s on or off state is controlled by the power circuit, and second category is the fully controlled such as the Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), and this category can be included a new hybrid devices such as the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), and the Gate Turn-off Thyristor (GTO). This paper describes the characteristics and modeling of several types of power semiconductor devices such as MOSFET, IGBT and GTO.
IjEVOLUTION OF POWER SUPPLY AND ITS APPLICATION TO ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ...IAEME Publication
Electricity can be produced using chemical effect where the movement of ions constitutes a flow of current through the electrolyte. Electrochemical cells are used as storage cells where chemical energy can be converted into electrical energy. The most efficient and widely used method for the generation of electricity is based on the laws of Electromagnetic Induction. According to this law electromotive force is induced in a conductor whenever the conductor cuts across magnetic lines of flux. The invention of the Diode Valve in 1904 and the invention of the triode valve in 1906 and their largescale production from 1920 onwards helped to manufacture electronic products and instruments. The invention of the galena-based Cat’s whisker detector in 1906 was the milestone of manufacturing crystal radio receivers. Cuprous oxide rectifier was invented in 1926 and was used for the rectification of power supply frequencies. Selenium rectifier was invented in 1933 and it was also used for the rectification of power frequencies but selenium rectifier was more efficient and was best in low-voltage, heavy current applications. Commercial manufacturing of germanium crystal diode was started in 1946. Then invention of the bipolar junction transistor in 1948 had replaced the valves because of low power, low cost, small size and long-lasting. Electrical products are generally operated from the mains power supply. But electronic products are operated by D.C supply and nowadays most of the communication devices are designed to be operated by the low-watt power supply. Scientists and researchers are developing low power, low heat dissipation, low dropout, miniature and energy harvesting efficient power supply.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR 2024.pptxnikitacareer3
Looking for the best engineering colleges in Jaipur for 2024?
Check out our list of the top 10 B.Tech colleges to help you make the right choice for your future career!
1) MNIT
2) MANIPAL UNIV
3) LNMIIT
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TO KNOW MORE ABOUT COLLEGES, FEES AND PLACEMENT, WATCH THE FULL VIDEO GIVEN BELOW ON "TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR"
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Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
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Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
2. Contents:
1. Definition
2. Rapid Growth
3. Comparison: PE & SP
4. Interdisciplinary Nature
5. ContributingAreas
6. General Structure
7. Power Processor
8. History of PE
9. Classification of PE devices
10. Power Semiconductor Switches
11. Symbolic Representation
2
3. Contents:
12. PE Switching Devices
13. PE System
14. Scope of PE
15. Power and Frequency Rating
16. Characteristics of Ideal Switch
17. Advantages of PE Converters
18. Drawbacks of PE
19. PEApplications
20. References
3
4. Definition:
Power Electronics is the subject concerning the application of principles of electronics at
high rated power levels and not signal levels.
It is the technology of conversion, control and conditioning of electric power into a desired
electrical output. It is the conglomeration of control system, electronics and power systems.
4
5. Rapid Growth
Rapid growth of Power Electronics is due to:
– Advances in power (semiconductor) switches
–Advances in microelectronics (DSP, VLSI, microprocessor/microcontroller)
– New ideas in control algorithms
– Demand for new applications
5
6. Comparison: PE & Signal Processing
In Power Electronics —
1. The focus is on power conversion at the highest possible efficiency using very small
control signals.
2. Semiconductor devices work as switches.
3. Power handled may range from a few watts to several mega-watts.
In Signal Processing —
1. Semiconductor devices generally work as controlled sources in the linear region of
their characteristics.
2. The focus is on information processing with minimum loss of information.
3. Power handled will be of the order of few milli-watts or few watts.
6
8. Contributing Areas
Electronics –
Deals with solid – state devices and signal processing circuits.
Power System –
Deals with static and rotating power equipment.
Control System –
Deals with steady state and dynamic characteristics of closed – loop system.
8
12. History of PE
1882: J. Jasmin (French) discovered semiconductance.
1892: L. Arons (German) invented the first mercury arc vacuumvalve.
1901: P.C. Hewitt (U.S) developed the first arc valve.
1906: J. A. Fleming (U.S) invented the first vacuumdiode.
1907: L. Forest (U.S) invented vacuum triode.
1921: F. W. Meyer (German) formulated the main principles of power electronics.
1948: J. Bardeen, W. H. Brattain and W. B. Shockley (U.S) invented transistor.
1960: J. Moll (U.S) & team invented silicon – based thyristors.
1975 – 90: MOSFET, UJT, GTO were developed.
1990s: IGBT was developed.
12
14. Classification by Control
Power Electronics
Uncontrolled device: diode
(2 terminals, uncontrolled
by control signal)
Half – controlled device:
thyristor
(turned on by control signal
but turned off by power
circuit)
Fully – controlled device:
Power MOSFET, IGBT,
GTO, IGCT
(on and off both by control
signals)
14
24. Characteristics of Ideal Switch
Turns On – Off in zero time.
ON state, Zero voltage drop, High current.
OFF state, Zero current flow. Withstand high voltage.
Zero power dissipation.
Little power for controlling.
High reliability.
Small size and weight.
No maintenance.
24
25. Advantages of Power Electronic Converters
High efficiency
High reliability
Long life and less maintenance
Fast dynamic response
Small size and less weight & cost.
25
26. Drawbacks of Power Electronics
Harmonics generating tendency
Power regeneration is difficult
Low overload capacity.
AC – DC & AC – AC converters operate at low i/p powerfactors.
26
28. Applications:
Industrial
Transportation
Utility systems
Power supplies for all kinds of electronic equipment
Residential and home appliances
Space technology
Other applications
28
30. Sector wise Applications:
Utility systems
1. High-voltage dc transmission(HVDC)
2. Flexible ac transmission(FACTS)
3. Static VAR (volt-ampere reactive) compensation & harmonics suppression: TCR,
TSC, SVG,APF
4. Custom power & power quality control
Power supplies for all kinds of electronic equipment
1. Telecommunications
2. Computers
3. Office equipment
4. Electronic instruments
30
31. Sector wiseApplications:
Residential and home appliances
1. Lighting
2. Heating
3. Air conditioning
4. Refrigeration & freezers
5. Cooking
6. Cleaning
Space Technology
1. Spaceship power systems
2. Satellite power systems
3. Space vehicle power systems
31
33. References
1. Power Electronics by Daniel W.Hart
2. Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications 3rd Edition, Muhammad H.
Rashid.
3. Introduction to Modern Power Electronics,by Andrzej M.Trzynadlowski
33