The document provides an overview of electronic commerce (e-commerce), defining it as the buying and selling of products and services over the internet. It discusses various aspects of e-commerce, including its applications, payment methods, and the underlying infrastructure required for its operation. Additionally, it highlights the concept of media convergence in relation to e-commerce, emphasizing the integration of different technologies and industries to enhance user experience.

1. Er. Nawaraj Bhandari
E-Commerce
Chapter 1:
Introduction to Electronic
Commerce

2. Electronic Commerce
It is process of buying and selling of products and services by
business and consumers over the internet.
Electronic Commerce applies to the use of computer network to
search and retrieve information in support of human and corporate
decision making.
A large percentage of electronic commerce is conducted entirely
electronically for virtual items such as access to premium content on
a website, but most electronic commerce involves the transportation
of physical items in some ways.

3. Electronic Commerce
E-Commerce can be divide into :
E-tailing or virtual storefronts on web sites with online catalogs,
sometimes gathered into a “virtual mall”.
Electronic Data Interchange(EDI), the business- to business exchange
of data.
E-mail and fax and their use as media for reaching prospects and
established customers(for example, with newsletters).
Electronic Commerce that is conducted between business is referred
to as business- to-business or B2B. Eg. Alibaba, IBM
Electronic Commerce that is conducted between business and
consumers is referred to as business-to-consumers. Eg, Amazon.com

4. E-Commerce Framework

5. Electronic Commerce
Public Policy
 – to govern issues such as universal access, privacy and information
pricing.
Technical Standard
– to dictate the nature of information publishing, user interface and
transport in the interest of compatibility across the entire network

6. Electronic Commerce
 E-Commerce application will be built on the existing technology
infrastructure
A myriad (numerous) of computers
Communication networks
Communication software

7. Electronic Commerce
According to Kalakota and Whinston, the four building blocks in the
infrastructure are:
Common business services infrastructure
The messaging and information distribution infrastructure
Content and network publishing infrastructure
The information Super highway infrastructure(Internet)

8. Common business services infrastructure
It consists of followings different elements
Security/Authentication
Electronic Payment
Directories/Catalogs

9. Security/Authentication
Encryption & authentication methods to ensure
security
User level securities should maintain.
Uses of digital signatures and Encryption
methodologies.

10. Electronic Payment
Different types of electronic payments like credit
card, debit card, e-banking, mobile banking, SMS
banking etc.
Electronic payment schemes developed to handle
complex transactions

11. Multimedia Content and network publishing
infrastructure
Multimedia content a network publish infrastructure
include standard for multimedia file types and data
communication circuit over which information
travels respectively.
Movies=video + audio
Digital games=music + video + software
Electronic books=text + data + graphics + music +
photographs + video

12. Electronic commerce and media
convergence
E-commerce has been repeatedly linked with the idea of
convergence (junction) of industries centered on information that
until today has been isolated content, storage, network, business
applications and consumer devices.
Multimedia convergence applies to the conversion of text, voice,
data, image, graphics and motion video into interactive digital
content whereas cross media convergence refers to the
integration of various industries – entertainment, publication, and
communication media base on multimedia content.

13. Electronic commerce and media
convergence

14. What convergence stand for
Convergence is increasingly prevalent in the IT world.
In this context the term refers to the combination of
two or more different technologies in a single device.
Taking pictures with a cell phone and surfing the Web
on a television are two of the most common examples
of this trend.
Computer-television convergence is already underway
with Web TV, which pipes the World Wide Web to a
slightly-modified TV set with a set-top box from an
ordinary phone line and provides a degree of
interactivity.

15. Need of Media Convergence
 Technologically rich societies have entered the digital age
 Media industries are grappling with new opportunities - and
threats - afforded by what is called
"convergence".
 Media people tend to get very excited about convergence,
because it holds so much promise.
 The melding together of different media, incorporating new
personalized services is both
impressive and overwhelming.

16. Electronic commerce and media
convergence
Thus convergence requires removing the barriers between the
telecommunications, broadcasting, computing, movie, electronic games and
publishing industries to facilitate interoperability.
Convergence may incorporate the following technological advances
1. Convergence of content:
2. Convergence of transmission:
3. Convergence of information access devices:

17. References
http://www.utdallas.edu/~chung/ecom.html
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/convergence
http://www.slideshare.net/Tashieka/media-convergence-4019719
http://rthk.hk/mediadigest/20030415_76_74280.htm

18. ANY QUESTIONS?