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Electronic Business and Tourism Mika Saloheimo SLOK-project Kajaani UAS Fall 2010
Definitions: E-business “Electronic business (or e-business) is more than having a website. It is using Internet technology to facilitate doing business. (Ontario Government 2010) “information and communication technology (ICT) is utilized to perform and automate business interactionswithin and between businesses” (Kotinurmi et al. 2006) “In advanced companies, most business processes are ICT supported in one way or the other; a distinction between "e-business" and "traditional business" is no longer possible.”(eBusiness Watch 2010)
Electronic opportunitiesChaffey 2009, modified
Cloud of communication(ModifiedWerthner& Klein 1999) Tourist Products? Price?Availability? Where to buy? How to buy? Online and offline media and interactions Whoare the customers? Whatdotheyneed? Whatproductsshouldweoffer? At whatprice? In whatchannels? Tourism company
CustomerJourney WheelUNWTO & ETC 2008
New Media Trend Watch 2010
UNCTAD 2001
ExperianHitwise 2010
E-Business Watch 2010
Productivitytips for travelagenciesAmadeus 2010 Automate customer communications Itinerary changes etc. Checkmytrip, Amadeus Flight Alerts Automatemarketing For example, directemailmarketing Vacation.comservices for travelagencies Automate social media updates Schedule updates Multiplechannels at once Usetools, such as Hootsuite GoInternet-only No physicaloffices, workfrom home Savetime and rent
Productivitytips for travelagenciesAmadeus 2010 Give up routine administrative tasks Ticket writing, accounting, etc. Smart systems with business rules – no human intervention Focus on marketing, sales and customer service Profile customers Gather data from internet and systems Profile your customers Service efficiency and quality More time to develop business Profitability New markets
CC jamuraa / Flickr
Cases and examples Electronic services in tourism
Publishing and content management Sharedsystemwith 2-3 otherdestinations Informationdistribution to Google maps, mobile, info screens, web-magazines, printmagazines, text-tv, widgets, country portal Sales and reservations Accommodation, activities, packages, tickets, OsloPass Salesthroughpartnerchannels Meta-search in portals Mosfjeld 2010
Contentproduction and distribution Experttips in portal E-mail Newsletter Manyblogs FacebookPage and advertising Twitter Youtube, Flickr, Starmaker, Flickr Gowalla, Foursquare Spotify HolmenkollenSkiJumpGame Mosfjeld 2010
Dashboardzone.com
CC Futureatlas.com / Flickr
CC jamuraa / Flickr

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Introduction to Electronic Business and Tourism

  • 1. Electronic Business and Tourism Mika Saloheimo SLOK-project Kajaani UAS Fall 2010
  • 2. Definitions: E-business “Electronic business (or e-business) is more than having a website. It is using Internet technology to facilitate doing business. (Ontario Government 2010) “information and communication technology (ICT) is utilized to perform and automate business interactionswithin and between businesses” (Kotinurmi et al. 2006) “In advanced companies, most business processes are ICT supported in one way or the other; a distinction between "e-business" and "traditional business" is no longer possible.”(eBusiness Watch 2010)
  • 4. Cloud of communication(ModifiedWerthner& Klein 1999) Tourist Products? Price?Availability? Where to buy? How to buy? Online and offline media and interactions Whoare the customers? Whatdotheyneed? Whatproductsshouldweoffer? At whatprice? In whatchannels? Tourism company
  • 6. New Media Trend Watch 2010
  • 7.
  • 11. Productivitytips for travelagenciesAmadeus 2010 Automate customer communications Itinerary changes etc. Checkmytrip, Amadeus Flight Alerts Automatemarketing For example, directemailmarketing Vacation.comservices for travelagencies Automate social media updates Schedule updates Multiplechannels at once Usetools, such as Hootsuite GoInternet-only No physicaloffices, workfrom home Savetime and rent
  • 12. Productivitytips for travelagenciesAmadeus 2010 Give up routine administrative tasks Ticket writing, accounting, etc. Smart systems with business rules – no human intervention Focus on marketing, sales and customer service Profile customers Gather data from internet and systems Profile your customers Service efficiency and quality More time to develop business Profitability New markets
  • 13. CC jamuraa / Flickr
  • 14. Cases and examples Electronic services in tourism
  • 15. Publishing and content management Sharedsystemwith 2-3 otherdestinations Informationdistribution to Google maps, mobile, info screens, web-magazines, printmagazines, text-tv, widgets, country portal Sales and reservations Accommodation, activities, packages, tickets, OsloPass Salesthroughpartnerchannels Meta-search in portals Mosfjeld 2010
  • 16. Contentproduction and distribution Experttips in portal E-mail Newsletter Manyblogs FacebookPage and advertising Twitter Youtube, Flickr, Starmaker, Flickr Gowalla, Foursquare Spotify HolmenkollenSkiJumpGame Mosfjeld 2010
  • 17.
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  • 27. CC jamuraa / Flickr

Editor's Notes

  1. WelcomeIwasasked to give a shortlectureaboutelectronic business in tourism
  2. Keywords:automation of business processes and facilitation of business transactions in InternetTietotekniikan avulla suoritetaan ja automatisoidaan vuorovaikutusta liiketoimintayksikköjen sisällä ja välilläToisaalta, onko sähköinen liiketoiminta jo menneen talven lumia – eli sitä ei erikseen enää ole. Näin varmaankin on.Matkailu on hyvin otollinen toimiala sähköiselle liiketoiminnalleLiiketoiminta perustuu informaatioonKuluttajat tottuneet ostamaan verkostaLooking and booking
  3. Through Internet a tourism company is able to reach global markets – also the consumers are able to access a large selection of productsThis means also global competitionThroughNämäkolmesähköisenliiketoiminnanmahdollisuuttapätevätoikeastaanalallakuinalalla.Reach – Richness – Affiliation Periaatteessasiispienetkinmatkailuyrityksetpääsevätglobaalienmarkkinoidenäärellejavoivatesitelläomiapalvelujaanhyvinmonipuolisillatavoillajaasiakastahoukuttelevallatavalla. Internetinavullatämäyritysvoisiistehdätehokkaamminyhteistyötämuidenmatkailuunliittyvienyritystenkanssa – tehokkuustarkoittaasiismyössitä, ettäyhteistyökumppaneitavoi olla enemmän.Tämäeitietenkääntapahduautomaattisesti.Tiedonjaviestinnäntavoitteena on saadaasiakastoimimaanelimatkustamaanpaikanpäälle – toiminnallevoi olla montafyysistäkinestettä.
  4. Matkailuyrityksen ja sen asiakkaan välillä on siis viestinnän hämärä pilvi.Kumpikin osapuoli tarvitsee tietoa toisistaan. TIETO on siis ratkaisevaa matkailun ostoprosessissa.Tämän viestinnän ongelman ratkaisemisessa on Internet nykyään aivan keskeinen – Panostakaa nimenomaan Internetiin!
  5. Tässä voidaan nähdä tilastotietoa siitä, kuinka suuri osuus kuluttajista on netissä eräillä eurooppalaisilla matkailun lähtöalueilla.Esim. Suomessa kasvu on enää hyvin hidasta, melkein kaikki ovat jo Internetissä ja loput eivät todennäköisesti sinne enää tulekaan.Huomioitavaa on se, että Venäjällä tämä osuus on vielä kohtuullisen pieni. Venäjä on Suomen varmasti tärkein markkina-alue. Osuus kasvaa kuitenkin koko ajan.Mielestäni ei voida väittää kovinkaan varmasti, että ”meidän asiakkaamme eivät ole netissä” – tämä on se tärkeä asia.
  6. Tutkittua tietoa: matkailupalvelut ovat yksi suosituimpia verkosta ostettavia palveluja.Tämä on helppoa, koska tuote on aineeton ja informaatiopohjainen – ei vaadi jakelua.Sen lisäksi, että asiakkaamme ovat netissä, he ovat myös valmiita ostamaan palvelujamme netistä.
  7. Tässä on kuvattu matkailun sähköistä pelikenttää, jonka Internet on aika radikaalisti muuttanut.Erityisesti tämä on vaikuttanut matkailutuotteiden välittäjiin (Intermediaries).Perinteiset matkatoimistot ovat joutuneet miettimään omaa toimintaansa uudelleen – niiden perinteiset välitystehtävät ovat kadonneet osin tai kokonaan. Tuottajat esimerkiksi myyvät tuotteitaan suoraan kuluttajille netissä, näin esimerkiksi lentoyhtiöt.Nyt on yritysten omia verkkokauppoja ja erilaisia nettiportaaleja, joiden avulla matkailutuotteista saa tietoa ja niitä voi ostaa.On esitetty, että tulevaisuudessa suorakauppa matkailupalvelun tuottajan ja kuluttajan kesken lisääntyy. On kuitenkin todennäköistä, että matkailuyritys joutuu toimimaan monikanavaisessa ympäristössä, jossa tuotetta esitellään ja myydään useassa sähköisessä kanavassa.
  8. Tässä on tietoa englantilaisten suosimista matkailusivustoista.Matkailuyrityksen tarjonnan tulisi olla löydettävissä näiden suosittujen sivustojen kautta.Suositut sivustot vaihtelevat maittain ja nämä pitäisikin valita oman asiakaskunnan mukaan.
  9. Ja tässä vielä – Matkailu on yksi niistä elinkeinoelämän sektoreista, joka on muuntumassa rajusti liiketoiminnan sähköistyessä.Itse asiassa muut muuntumassa olevat alat ovat myös suuressa määrin informaatiopohjaisia palveluja.Tämä tarkoittaa oikeasti sitä, että tietotekniikan ja Internetin mahdollisuudet on otettava muutoinkin huomioon kuin käyttämällä sähköpostia.
  10. No mitä se muu kuin sähköpostin käyttäminen sitten voisi olla?Tässä muutamia ehdotuksia matkailutuotteiden välittäjilleViestinnän automatisointi:Aikataulumuutokset välittyvät automaattisesti järjestelmästä asiakkaalle – ei enää ihmistä välissäValmiit viestipohjat ja ajastettu lähettäminen – ei voi kokonaan automatisoida kuitenkaan.Sisällöntuottaminen useaan palveluun kerralla, esimerkiksi juuri sosiaalisen median eri palveluihin.Siirry kokonaan nettiin? Mitä mieltä olette?
  11. Viestinnän lisäksi hallinnollisten tehtävien automatisointi – vaatii hyvin suunniteltuja järjestelmiä.Ajatus on kuitenkin siinä, että voidaan keskittyä tuottavaan toimintaan, tässä tapauksessa myyntiin ja asiakaspalveluun.Toisaalta jää aikaa myös liiketoiminnan kehittämiseen, esimerkiksi kannattavuuden parantamiseen tai uusien markkinoiden etsimiseen.
  12. Oslon kaupungin matkailuorganisaatio on hyvä esimerkki monimuotoisesta matkailumarkkinoinnista matkakohteen tasolla.Julkaisujärjestelmä – tarjotaan informaatiota matkailijoilleMyynti ja varaukset – monikanavaisuus, kattavuus tuotteissaSisällön hallinta ja jakaminen eri kanaviin
  13. Sisältö on levittäytynyt myös perinteisten verkkosivujen ulkopuolelleBlogit, Facebook, TwitterVideot on tärkeitä, samoin kuvat (Youtube, Flickr) – Starmakerin avulla matkailijat voivat tehdä ”omia” elokuviaanGowalla ja Foursquare – mobiilipaikannukseen perustuvia yhteisöjä, Oslo on tuottanut esim. erilaisia retkiäSpotify-soittolistat, esim. konsertteihin ja festivaaleihin liittyenMäkihyppypeli
  14. Wanderfly on matkansuunnittelusovellus, jolla voi tutkia erilaisia matkavaihtoehtoja.Tämä palvelu itse asiassa hakee lennot ja hotellit Expediasta ja aktiviteetit muualta (esim. Eventful-palvelusta)
  15. Matkailijan ei tarvitse tehdä ostopäätöstään pelkästään markkinointiviestinnän varassa. Voi käyttää esimerkiksi Tripadvisor-palvelua muiden matkailijoiden antamien arvostelujen lukemiseksi.TA:sta on tullut hyvin vahva toimija matkailun Internet-palvelujen kentässä.
  16. Toinen yhteisöllinen palvelu on Tripatini, jossa voi pyytää matkansuunnittelussa apua muilta matkailijoilta – tai alan ammattilaisilta!
  17. Matkailupalvelu pehmoleluille?Onko tämä vakavasti otettavaa bisnestä?
  18. Tässä esimerkissä on käytetty huutokauppaa ns. markkinointimagneettina.Pieni määrä tarjonnasta myydään huutokaupan kautta eniten tarjoavalle – samalla saadaan huomiota.On myös palvelu, jossa matkailija suunnittelee matkansa ja voi pyytää tarjouksia usealta matkanjärjestäjältä.
  19. Tietotekniikan kattavalla käytöllä saadaan tietoa yrityksen toiminnasta – tietoa voidaan käyttää päätöksenteossa ja johtamisessa.Kun tietoa on saatavilla, ei tarvitse tehdä päätöksiä aivan näppituntumalla.Tämä esimerkki on museosta, kyseessä on siis museon ”kojelauta”.
  20. Seuraavaksi toisenlainen näkökulma:Omenahotellit – kustannukset minimoitu mm. tietotekniikan avulla, myydään halvalla.Itsepalvelu-tyyppinen hotelli ilman mitään palveluja.
  21. Matkatoimistopalvelu bisnes-matkustajille.Jälleen itsepalvelun näkökulma.Aina paras hinta –lupaus kustannustietoisille asiakkaille.
  22. Tässä on esimerkki melko uudesta matkailualan yrityksille suunnatusta toiminnanohjausjärjestelmästä.Travius-järjestelmän kehitys on lähtenyt aikanaan ohjelmapalveluyritysten piiristä – kysyntää on ymmärtääkseni ollut ilahduttavasti.
  23. Ihan lopuksi vielä perinteisen matkailun kannalta vähän synkkä tulevaisuuden kuva.Tulevaisuudentutkijoiden mukaan Japanissa on syntymässä sukupolvi, joka ei viihtyy paremmin pelien ja sosiaalisen median parissa kuin lomamatkalla.Heidän mielestään lomalla oleminen on liian tylsää.Mitä mieltä olette?Future of Free Time, ReportbyLastminute.com and FutureFoundationIt says: "Perhaps worryingly, a new generation will reject travel altogether in favour of gaming, social networking and 'always on' media. "As in-home leisure is becoming more engaging, a group of young people will emerge who do not go out any more. "Rather than travel, this group of Go-Nowhere-Gamers prefer to transfer their lives into the home, playing computer games and watching interactive 3D TV. "They will find out-of-home activity too 'action-poor'."