11
Proposal Part One - Part 1: Influence of Internet on Tourism Industry
Research Proposal: Influence of Internet on Tourism Industry
Introduction
The tourism industry has been among the best-valued sectors within the nation to generate massive revenue for the government. Besides, the industry is considered among the earliest since it started several decades ago. For an extended period, the industry uses Integrated Marketing Communications to promote their various products and services to the entire world. The introduction of technology in the industry leads to improvements in the sectors. Most individuals without extensive information on the tourism industry can access the data in their comfort zones. It implies that IT and internet technology play a significant role in ensuring effective strategy due to its existence globally.
Most European countries have tried to promote and implement internet technology in ensuring satisfactory delivery of products and services (Kayumovich, 2020). Since it has a custom within the tourism and hotel industry to provide intangible products and services, including but not limited to services alongside comfort, the internet has been an effective method of delivering its messages to the targeted customers. Also, through internet technology, the industry has achieved more customers in the global market, including the European market. The promotion of branding within the European tourism industry has been effective due to the introduction and implementation of internet technology. Thus, the internet is believed to significantly influence the tourism industry in various sectors, including but limited to infrastructure, travel, alongside the marketing sector. Before introducing the internet alongside the IT, travelling of customers was dangerous and unpleasant since travellers had constraint understanding of locations they were visiting.
As a result, the existing vacationers of time had limited knowledge of the cultures and terrain alongside the climate change and patterns necessary to stimulate the travelling issues. Therefore, tourism sectors, including but not limited to tour companies, travel agencies and other like hotels, had developed strategies necessary to promote booking and reservation processes (David-Negre et al. 2018). However, several decades ago, popular sites were visited by tourists. It implies that the tourism sectors within the local or remote area faced challenges of securing sufficient clients as people were could not define the destination. Also, shortage of information on a particular region leads to reduced travelling by visitors. The research involved the utilization of relevant literature review on the subject matter to provide factual information. Therefore, the report offers adequate information on the influence of the internet on the tourism industry. This research would give me the stage to show my finding and view and also propose how the internet can be leveraged to an extend i ...
E Tourism A Study of Tourist Satisfaction Mr. Akshay Nain | Mr. Abhimanyu Awasthi "E-Tourism: A Study of Tourist Satisfaction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47697.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/tourism/47697/etourism-a-study-of-tourist-satisfaction/mr-akshay-nain
This study aimed to investigate the impact of mobile phone, land phone and internet (ICTs) on sales, market performance, room occupancy, profitability and credit facilities in the hospitality sector of tourism in the tourist city of Livingstone in Zambia. The study used multiple regression models to find out the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The study found that there was positive impact of ICTs usage on sales, marketing performance, room occupancy, profitability and credit facilities. The study found negative relationship between internet and profitability of the firm due to higher costs of internet access. The study suggested that the firms should work together as a pool to reduce internet costs, such as, the use of trivago.co.zm; booking.co.zm; hotels.com; agoda.com; expedia.com; etc.
How the Mobile Technologies and ICT-s in the Tourism Sector Affect the Social...inventionjournals
Travel today is an activity for millions of people around the world, not only directly related to tourism purposes, but for many other reasons. The past 20 years, the transport sector was significantly upgraded by providing convenience, speed and more facilities, in most cases with relatively low cost. Also, the tourism sector is heavily influenced by information technology and communication (ICT-s) as one of the tools that providers of tourism services are mainly used for marketing and sales purposes. One of the very important effects of tourism is to bring positive results in the social cohesion of the countries where is developed. But the phenomenon that is noticed nowadays is that people from different social groups like young people, elderly and people with disabilities are using ICT massively for planning their holidays, for being informed about the destination where they want to go, for bookings, reservations, payments etc. This article aims to show that the mobile technology and innovations in ICT-s in the tourism sector have positive effects on the social cohesion and the industry itself. Application producers for mobile equipments are providing innovative and practical services which have often very logical prices, attracting millions of users.
The conceptual study is designed with qualitative analysis of
blog contents to judge the bloggers perspective regarding rural tourism in India. The primary objective of the study was to analyze the presentation of rural tourism in India through blogs. Foreign bloggers illustration of India was deeply investigated from their blog contents. The study provides an elementary
indication about the blog marketing of rural tourism and its potential in the Indian tourism industry
E Tourism A Study of Tourist Satisfaction Mr. Akshay Nain | Mr. Abhimanyu Awasthi "E-Tourism: A Study of Tourist Satisfaction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47697.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/tourism/47697/etourism-a-study-of-tourist-satisfaction/mr-akshay-nain
This study aimed to investigate the impact of mobile phone, land phone and internet (ICTs) on sales, market performance, room occupancy, profitability and credit facilities in the hospitality sector of tourism in the tourist city of Livingstone in Zambia. The study used multiple regression models to find out the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The study found that there was positive impact of ICTs usage on sales, marketing performance, room occupancy, profitability and credit facilities. The study found negative relationship between internet and profitability of the firm due to higher costs of internet access. The study suggested that the firms should work together as a pool to reduce internet costs, such as, the use of trivago.co.zm; booking.co.zm; hotels.com; agoda.com; expedia.com; etc.
How the Mobile Technologies and ICT-s in the Tourism Sector Affect the Social...inventionjournals
Travel today is an activity for millions of people around the world, not only directly related to tourism purposes, but for many other reasons. The past 20 years, the transport sector was significantly upgraded by providing convenience, speed and more facilities, in most cases with relatively low cost. Also, the tourism sector is heavily influenced by information technology and communication (ICT-s) as one of the tools that providers of tourism services are mainly used for marketing and sales purposes. One of the very important effects of tourism is to bring positive results in the social cohesion of the countries where is developed. But the phenomenon that is noticed nowadays is that people from different social groups like young people, elderly and people with disabilities are using ICT massively for planning their holidays, for being informed about the destination where they want to go, for bookings, reservations, payments etc. This article aims to show that the mobile technology and innovations in ICT-s in the tourism sector have positive effects on the social cohesion and the industry itself. Application producers for mobile equipments are providing innovative and practical services which have often very logical prices, attracting millions of users.
The conceptual study is designed with qualitative analysis of
blog contents to judge the bloggers perspective regarding rural tourism in India. The primary objective of the study was to analyze the presentation of rural tourism in India through blogs. Foreign bloggers illustration of India was deeply investigated from their blog contents. The study provides an elementary
indication about the blog marketing of rural tourism and its potential in the Indian tourism industry
Digital transformation in the Tourism Sector - University Of Salford ManchesterEmre Dirlik
In this report, the first phase of the digital business and entrepreneurship module within the digital business division of Salford University, Digital Business: Sector Investigation and Infographic, research will be conducted, analysis and information will be provided on the Tourism industry.
In this direction, it includes the strategic contributions to the sector by critically reviewing the tourism sector and evaluating the value and benefits of digital transformation in the sector. In addition, the report includes the infographic of the tourism sector by analyzing information from business owners and suppliers using Bloomberg, SWOT and sector reports.
In the report, the current environment required for digital transformation was reviewed in the tourism sector and the vuca technique was used to characterize leadership.
Travel agents are re-inventing themselves and dong value-add to the “new normal”. In fact, the travel agents have not only reinforced but also expanded their spectrum of offerings, having logged into the online networks’ USPs by embracing the system and adding that “extra”.
Digital Marketing Mix Strategies in the Tourism Industry in Zimbabwe: A Masvi...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Digitalization is considered as the veritable vehicle
of transformation for the tourism industry marketing in this
age of the internet economy. It influences all business
marketing processes before, during and after a tourism trip
in a profoundly revolutionary way. Information distribution
is quicker, better, and cheaper regardless of geographical and
time limitation due to digitalization. The digital marketing
mix, which consists of eproduct, eprice, eplace, epromotion,
eprocess, epeople, and ephysical evidence, is a powerful tool
in revolutionizing tourism marketing management globally
including in Zimbabwe. The aim of the study was to examine
the level of use and adoption of digital marketing mix
strategies in the tourism industry’s accommodation sector in
Masvingo, Zimbabwe. This study adopted a qualitative
research design approach with twenty purposively selected
key informants from the tourism industry in and around
Masvingo Urban. The sample had managers and marketing
managers of hotels and lodges who were respondents in the
study. Interviews and analysis of digital platforms were the
data collection methods. Data was thematically analyzed. The
major finding is that the level of adoption and use of digital
marketing mix strategies is varied and generally low. Most
players still rely more on the traditional analogue marketing
mix strategies. The paper recommends the tourism industry
in Masvingo to fully adopt and utilize digital marketing mix
strategies for them to achieve customer satisfaction and
profitability.
Improving the Information System of Tourist Destinations in the Context of th...ijtsrd
This article discusses how Uzbekistan may improve its smart tourism and tourism information infrastructure of tourist destinations. Because of the technological services supplied to passengers before, during, and after their journey, smart tourism is a terrific way to save not only money, but also nerves and valuable time. The authors remarks, conclusions, and recommendations are included in the paper, as well as an analysis of the pertinent data. Nosirova U. M. "Improving the Information System of Tourist Destinations in the Context of the Digitalization of the Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47690.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/47690/improving-the-information-system-of-tourist-destinations-in-the-context-of-the-digitalization-of-the-economy/nosirova-u-m
PSI: The Global Travel & OOH industries in 2020 and beyond Posterscope
2019 proved to be another rollercoaster year for the global travel industry, and 2020 promises to be no different, as fluctuations in the economy, technology and politics continue to affect the way that people navigate the world. This is evident across all industries, not least in the global travel and international OOH sector. As the year is beginning to unfold, PSI has looked into what the rest of the year behold from the increase in hyper personalised travel experience, the global transformation through OOH automation and being connected at 35,000 feet
Smart tourism is an upcoming and novel exhortation applied to portray the growing reliance of tourism destinations globally. The tourism industry and its consumers (tourists) are emerging forms of information and communications technology (ICT) that permit for substantial quota of information in the form of data to be modified into value propositions. Nevertheless, it remains vague concept, which hampers its theoretical development. The efforts in this study are put together for defining smart tourism, and the research sheds light on present trends in smart tourism, and then laying out its business and technological establishment. This is pursued by a concise dialogue on the scenario and limitations of smart tourism. The research further draws attention to the immense call for investigation to enlighten smart tourism management and development in present scenario.
Presentation delivered in the University of Azores. The class about Travel Technology is an initiative by TTS in collaboration with its R&D company, TTS Lab.
More about the course you can find at http://protraveltech.tts.com/
Assignment 2 Community Prevention ProgramAfter hearing that a n.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: Community Prevention Program
After hearing that a neighbor’s child, Jeremy, age seven, was sexually assaulted in the local park, the parents of Cherry Hill township decide that their community needs a program to prevent sexual abuse of their children in the future.
Prepare a presentation for the parents, providing pertinent information they might like to include in a Sexual Assault Prevention program aimed at the children in their community. Suggest the psychoeducational and supportive approaches that can be effectively used at the community level, such as in community centers, schools, and social service agencies, to provide this information to the children. Address issues of gender, diversity, and ethics in your presentation.
Submit your PowerPoint presentation to the
W2: Assignment 2 Dropbox
by
Wednesday, July 19, 2017
. Your response should be at least 5 - 6 slides and include speaker notes for each slide. In addition, make sure you have included a title slide and a reference slide.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Analyzed pertinent information they deem relevant to the development of a Sexual Assault Prevention program
25
Described the psychoeducational information and supportive approaches that the community can effectively use to deal with the issue of sexual abuse of children
30
Addressed the issues of gender, diversity, and ethics in the context of intervention approaches
25
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources, displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Assignment 2 Analyzing World CulturesMedia play a very large role.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: Analyzing World Cultures
Media play a very large role in both the development and the perpetuation of cultural elements. You may never have watched a foreign movie or even clips evaluating other cultures. In this assignment, you will explore online videos or movies from a culture of your choice and analyze how cultural elements are presented, compared to your own culture.
Complete the following:
Choose a world culture you are not familiar with.
Identify two–three online videos or movies representative of this culture. These could be examples of cultural expressions such as a Bollywood movie from India or Anime videos from Japan.
Evaluate two hours of such a video. Using the readings for this module, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, research articles about your selected culture.
Select a scholarly article that analyzes the same culture presented in the videos you have observed.
Write a paper describing the cultural differences you have observed in the video. How are these observations supported by the research article?
Be sure to include the following:
Describe the videos you have watched.
Explain the main points of the videos.
Examine what stood out about the culture.
Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of this culture with your own.
Examine the ways of this culture. Is it one you would want to visit or live in?
Would you experience culture shock if you immersed yourself in this culture? Why or why not?
Support your statements with examples and scholarly references.
Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M2_A2.doc.
.
More Related Content
Similar to 11Proposal Part One - Part 1 Influence of Internet on Tourism
Digital transformation in the Tourism Sector - University Of Salford ManchesterEmre Dirlik
In this report, the first phase of the digital business and entrepreneurship module within the digital business division of Salford University, Digital Business: Sector Investigation and Infographic, research will be conducted, analysis and information will be provided on the Tourism industry.
In this direction, it includes the strategic contributions to the sector by critically reviewing the tourism sector and evaluating the value and benefits of digital transformation in the sector. In addition, the report includes the infographic of the tourism sector by analyzing information from business owners and suppliers using Bloomberg, SWOT and sector reports.
In the report, the current environment required for digital transformation was reviewed in the tourism sector and the vuca technique was used to characterize leadership.
Travel agents are re-inventing themselves and dong value-add to the “new normal”. In fact, the travel agents have not only reinforced but also expanded their spectrum of offerings, having logged into the online networks’ USPs by embracing the system and adding that “extra”.
Digital Marketing Mix Strategies in the Tourism Industry in Zimbabwe: A Masvi...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Digitalization is considered as the veritable vehicle
of transformation for the tourism industry marketing in this
age of the internet economy. It influences all business
marketing processes before, during and after a tourism trip
in a profoundly revolutionary way. Information distribution
is quicker, better, and cheaper regardless of geographical and
time limitation due to digitalization. The digital marketing
mix, which consists of eproduct, eprice, eplace, epromotion,
eprocess, epeople, and ephysical evidence, is a powerful tool
in revolutionizing tourism marketing management globally
including in Zimbabwe. The aim of the study was to examine
the level of use and adoption of digital marketing mix
strategies in the tourism industry’s accommodation sector in
Masvingo, Zimbabwe. This study adopted a qualitative
research design approach with twenty purposively selected
key informants from the tourism industry in and around
Masvingo Urban. The sample had managers and marketing
managers of hotels and lodges who were respondents in the
study. Interviews and analysis of digital platforms were the
data collection methods. Data was thematically analyzed. The
major finding is that the level of adoption and use of digital
marketing mix strategies is varied and generally low. Most
players still rely more on the traditional analogue marketing
mix strategies. The paper recommends the tourism industry
in Masvingo to fully adopt and utilize digital marketing mix
strategies for them to achieve customer satisfaction and
profitability.
Improving the Information System of Tourist Destinations in the Context of th...ijtsrd
This article discusses how Uzbekistan may improve its smart tourism and tourism information infrastructure of tourist destinations. Because of the technological services supplied to passengers before, during, and after their journey, smart tourism is a terrific way to save not only money, but also nerves and valuable time. The authors remarks, conclusions, and recommendations are included in the paper, as well as an analysis of the pertinent data. Nosirova U. M. "Improving the Information System of Tourist Destinations in the Context of the Digitalization of the Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47690.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/47690/improving-the-information-system-of-tourist-destinations-in-the-context-of-the-digitalization-of-the-economy/nosirova-u-m
PSI: The Global Travel & OOH industries in 2020 and beyond Posterscope
2019 proved to be another rollercoaster year for the global travel industry, and 2020 promises to be no different, as fluctuations in the economy, technology and politics continue to affect the way that people navigate the world. This is evident across all industries, not least in the global travel and international OOH sector. As the year is beginning to unfold, PSI has looked into what the rest of the year behold from the increase in hyper personalised travel experience, the global transformation through OOH automation and being connected at 35,000 feet
Smart tourism is an upcoming and novel exhortation applied to portray the growing reliance of tourism destinations globally. The tourism industry and its consumers (tourists) are emerging forms of information and communications technology (ICT) that permit for substantial quota of information in the form of data to be modified into value propositions. Nevertheless, it remains vague concept, which hampers its theoretical development. The efforts in this study are put together for defining smart tourism, and the research sheds light on present trends in smart tourism, and then laying out its business and technological establishment. This is pursued by a concise dialogue on the scenario and limitations of smart tourism. The research further draws attention to the immense call for investigation to enlighten smart tourism management and development in present scenario.
Presentation delivered in the University of Azores. The class about Travel Technology is an initiative by TTS in collaboration with its R&D company, TTS Lab.
More about the course you can find at http://protraveltech.tts.com/
Assignment 2 Community Prevention ProgramAfter hearing that a n.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: Community Prevention Program
After hearing that a neighbor’s child, Jeremy, age seven, was sexually assaulted in the local park, the parents of Cherry Hill township decide that their community needs a program to prevent sexual abuse of their children in the future.
Prepare a presentation for the parents, providing pertinent information they might like to include in a Sexual Assault Prevention program aimed at the children in their community. Suggest the psychoeducational and supportive approaches that can be effectively used at the community level, such as in community centers, schools, and social service agencies, to provide this information to the children. Address issues of gender, diversity, and ethics in your presentation.
Submit your PowerPoint presentation to the
W2: Assignment 2 Dropbox
by
Wednesday, July 19, 2017
. Your response should be at least 5 - 6 slides and include speaker notes for each slide. In addition, make sure you have included a title slide and a reference slide.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Analyzed pertinent information they deem relevant to the development of a Sexual Assault Prevention program
25
Described the psychoeducational information and supportive approaches that the community can effectively use to deal with the issue of sexual abuse of children
30
Addressed the issues of gender, diversity, and ethics in the context of intervention approaches
25
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources, displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Assignment 2 Analyzing World CulturesMedia play a very large role.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: Analyzing World Cultures
Media play a very large role in both the development and the perpetuation of cultural elements. You may never have watched a foreign movie or even clips evaluating other cultures. In this assignment, you will explore online videos or movies from a culture of your choice and analyze how cultural elements are presented, compared to your own culture.
Complete the following:
Choose a world culture you are not familiar with.
Identify two–three online videos or movies representative of this culture. These could be examples of cultural expressions such as a Bollywood movie from India or Anime videos from Japan.
Evaluate two hours of such a video. Using the readings for this module, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, research articles about your selected culture.
Select a scholarly article that analyzes the same culture presented in the videos you have observed.
Write a paper describing the cultural differences you have observed in the video. How are these observations supported by the research article?
Be sure to include the following:
Describe the videos you have watched.
Explain the main points of the videos.
Examine what stood out about the culture.
Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of this culture with your own.
Examine the ways of this culture. Is it one you would want to visit or live in?
Would you experience culture shock if you immersed yourself in this culture? Why or why not?
Support your statements with examples and scholarly references.
Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M2_A2.doc.
.
Assignment 2 Communicating Bad News Leaders and managers often ha.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: Communicating Bad News
Leaders and managers often have to deliver unpleasant or difficult information to other employees or other internal or external stakeholders. How well this news is delivered can affect employee relations as well as public perceptions.
Review the following scenario:
A new company claims it manufactures the best dog food in the market. It employs around 250 people worldwide. After six months in business, one of the company’s brands is found to contain harmful bacteria. Overnight, reports start pouring in from all over the country about pets falling sick, some critically. The company wants to communicate with its stakeholders through a memo before major news channels start to cover the disease.
Assume that you are an assistant to the company’s chairperson. Based on your analysis of the scenario and using the reading material covered in this module, draft two memos for the chairperson. One memo should address the board of directors and the other the company’s employees.
Make assumptions about whether it is the food product that has bacteria or if there is another explanation for the pets’ sickness.
Write a 1–2-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M2_A2.doc.
.
Assignment 2 Communicating Bad NewsLeaders and managers often hav.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: Communicating Bad News
Leaders and managers often have to deliver unpleasant or difficult information to other employees or other internal or external stakeholders. How well this news is delivered can affect employee relations as well as public perceptions.
Review the following scenario:
A new company claims it manufactures the best dog food in the market. It employs around 250 people worldwide. After six months in business, one of the company’s brands is found to contain harmful bacteria. Overnight, reports start pouring in from all over the country about pets falling sick, some critically. The company wants to communicate with its stakeholders through a memo before major news channels start to cover the disease.
Assume that you are an assistant to the company’s chairperson. Based on your analysis of the scenario and using the reading material covered in this module, draft two memos for the chairperson. One memo should address the board of directors and the other the company’s employees.
Make assumptions about whether it is the food product that has bacteria or if there is another explanation for the pets’ sickness.
Write a 1–2-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M2_A2.doc.
By
Wednesday, July 19, 2017
, submit your assignment to the
M2: Assignment 2 Dropbox
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Effectively utilized the tips covered in the module, to write an appropriate memo addressing the board of directors to convey the bad news.
40
Effectively utilized the tips covered in the module, to write a suitable memo addressing the company’s employees to convey the bad news.
40
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Assignment 2 Case of Anna OOne of the very first cases that c.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: Case of Anna O
One of the very first cases that caught Freud’s attention when he was starting to develop his psychoanalytic theory was that of Anna O, a patient of fellow psychiatrist Josef Breuer. Although Freud did not directly treat her, he did thoroughly analyze her case as he was fascinated by the fact that her hysteria was “cured” by Breuer. It is her case that he believes was the beginning of the psychoanalytic approach.
Through your analysis of this case, you will not only look deeper into Freud’s psychoanalytic theory but also see how Jung’s neo-psychoanalytic theory compares and contrasts with Freud’s theory.
Review the following:
The Case of Anna O.
One of the first cases that inspired Freud in the development of what would eventually become the Psychoanalytic Theory was the case of Anna O. Anna O. was actually a patient of one of Freud’s colleagues Josef Breuer. Using Breuer’s case notes, Freud was able to analyze the key facts of Anna O’s case.
Anna O. first developed her symptoms while she was taking care of her very ill father with whom she was extremely close. Some of her initial symptoms were loss of appetite to the extent of not eating, weakness, anemia, and development a severe nervous cough. Eventually she developed a severe optic headache and lost the ability to move her head, which then progressed into paralysis of both arms. Her symptoms were not solely physical as she would vacillate between a normal, mental state and a manic-type state in which she would become extremely agitated. There was even a notation of a time for which she hallucinated that the ribbons in her hair were snakes.
Toward the end of her father’s life she stopped speaking her native language of German and instead only spoke in English. A little over a year after she began taking care of her father he passed away. After his passing her symptoms grew to affect her vision, a loss of ability to focus her attention, more extreme hallucinations, and a number of suicidal attempts (Hurst, 1982).
Both Freud and Jung would acknowledge that unconscious processes are at work in this woman's problems. However, they would come to different conclusions about the origin of these problems and the method by which she should be treated.
Research Freud’s and Jung’s theories of personality using your textbook, the Internet, and the Argosy University online library resources. Based on your research, respond to the following:
•Compare and contrast Freud's view of the unconscious with Jung's view and apply this case example in your explanations.
•On what specific points would they agree and disagree regarding the purpose and manifestation of the unconscious in the case of Anna?
•How might they each approach the treatment of Anna? What might be those specific interventions? How might Anna experience these interventions considering her history?
Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use .
Assignment 2 Bioterrorism Due Week 6 and worth 300 pointsAcco.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: Bioterrorism
Due Week 6 and worth 300 points
According to the Department of Health and Human Services (2002), the nation's capacity to respond to bioterrorism depends largely on the ability of clinicians and public health officials to detect, manage, and effectively communicate in advance of and during a bioterrorism event.
Prepare a narrated presentation, using PowerPoint or other similar software, detailing a bioterrorism-related issue, analyzing the threat(s) that the bioterrorism-related issue poses.
In preparation for your presentation, research and review at least one (1) healthcare facility’s preparedness plan.
Note
: A video to help students record narration for the PowerPoint presentation is available in the course shell.
Prepare a twenty (20) slide presentation in which you:
Specify the key steps that healthcare managers should follow in preparing their organizations for a potential bioterrorism attack.
Outline at least two (2) possible early detection and surveillance strategies, and investigate the main ways those strategies may prompt timely interventions to effectively treat and diminish the impact of a bioterrorism threat.
Evaluate the specific preparation steps in the preparedness plan of a healthcare facility of your choosing.
Suggest at least one (1) possible improvement to promote early detection and enhanced surveillance.
Use at least four (4) recent (within the last five [5] years), quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Apply decision making models to address difficult management situations.
Develop policies that ensure compliance of healthcare delivery systems with current legislation.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in Health Care Operations Management
.
Assignment 2 Affirmative ActionAffirmative Action is a controvers.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: Affirmative Action
Affirmative Action is a controversial topic in American society. People of all races, genders, and classes are divided on where they stand on Affirmative Action. However, the media has oversimplified Affirmative Action and many do not truly understand the policy and what it means for schools and employers. For this assignment, you will examine Executive Order 10925 and determine where you stand on this topic.
Review Executive Order 10925. A copy can be found at:
http://www.thecre.com/fedlaw/legal6/eo10925.htm
.
Then, write an organized short response (3 paragraphs) where you explain:
What is Affirmative Action as a social policy?
What were the goals of Affirmative Action? Has it been successful?
What are the basic arguments for Affirmative Action and what are those against it? Which side do you find the most convincing and why?
Be sure to support your answer with references to the textbook, appropriate outside resources, and your own personal experiences.
Create a response in 3 paragraphs to the discussion question. Cite sources and include references in your response. Submit your response to the
Discussion Area
by
Saturday, August 26, 2017
. Through
Wednesday, August 30, 2017
, review and comment on at least two peers’ responses.
.
Assignment 2 Audit Planning and Control It is common industry kno.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: Audit Planning and Control
It is common industry knowledge that an audit plan provides the specific guidelines auditors must follow when conducting an external audit. External public accounting firms conduct external audits to ensure outside stakeholders that the company’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) or International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) standards.
Use the Internet to select a public company that appeals to you. Imagine that you are a senior partner in a public accounting firm hired to complete an audit for the chosen public company.
Write a four to six (4-6) page paper in which you:
Outline the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Based upon the type of company selected, provide specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program.
Examine at least two (2) performance ratios that you would use in order to determine which analytical tests to perform. Identify the accounts that you would test, and select at least three (3) analytical procedures that you would use in your audit.
Analyze the balance sheet and income statement of the company that you have selected, and outline your method for evidence collection which should include, but not be limited to, the type of evidence to collect and the manner in which you would determine the sufficiency of the evidence.
Discuss the audit risk model, and ascertain which sampling or non-sampling techniques you would use in order to establish your preliminary judgment about materiality. Justify your response.
Assuming that the end result is an unqualified audit report, outline the primary responsibilities of the audit firm after it issues the report in question.
Use at least two (2) quality academic resources in this assignment.
Note:
Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Plan and design a generalized audit program.
Determine the nature and extent of evidence accumulated to conduct an audit after considering the unique circumstances of an engagement.
Evaluate a company’s various risk factors and the related impact to the audit process.
Evaluate effective internal controls that minimize audit risk and potentially reduce the risk of fraud.
Use technology and information resources to r.
Assignment 2 American ConstitutionFollowing the Revolutionary War.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: American Constitution
Following the Revolutionary War and separation from England, the need for a new government was clear. A group of men, who became known as the “nation’s founders” or Founding Fathers, developed a new government based on principles and beliefs they knew through their experiences, readings, and study. The Founding Fathers had a great deal in common with each other, including property interests, education, and extensive political experience. These common experiences and birthrights created a strong consensus about what should be incorporated into the government that would replace England’s.
Troubles developed immediately upon establishment of the United States of America with the 1781 Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union. Economic difficulties and means of dividing power between leaders and competing interests caused conflict. The conflicts had to be resolved, and some of the Founding Fathers and others, who would come to be known as the Framers went to Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation. However, it became apparent immediately that the Articles could not be revised, and therefore, they were abandoned, and the Framers set about to create a new form of government. Though the effort was eventually successful and resulted in the Constitution, there was a great deal of conflict during its development in the summer of 1787. The form of government established incorporated the ideas of diverse groups, as well as the Framers’ recognition of the need for compromise.
Research the history of the American Constitution using the Argosy University online library resources. Respond to
one
question from each of the question sets A and B.
A. Creating the Constitution
Consider the three constitutional proposals: the Virginia Plan, the New Jersey Plan, and the Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise. If you were a delegate and without the experience of the past 200 years, which constitutional proposal would you have supported? Why?
Why do you think the framers were silent on the issue of slavery in the wording of the Constitution? What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
What were the issues in the Constitutional Convention? Who were the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
B. Living with the Constitution
What are the formal and informal methods of constitutional change?
How do checks and balances work in the lawmaking process today? Which current and important events do you think are examples of the success of checks and balances?
Do you think the Constitution is a relevant political document for the twenty-first century? What new amendments might be appropriate today?
Write your response to each in 150–200 words.
By
Saturday, February 4, 2017
, post your response to the appropriate
Discussion Area
. Through
Wednesday, February 8, 2017
, review and comment on at least three peers’ responses.
.
Assignment 2 A Crime in CentervaleWhile patrolling during his shi.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: A Crime in Centervale
While patrolling during his shift, a Centervale police officer, Detective Johnson, saw two men standing on a street corner. Johnson observed the two proceed alternately back and forth between the street ahead and the corner, pausing and returning to conference. Detective Johnson found this strange as the Love's Jeweler shop was down the street. The two men repeated this ritual alternately three to four times, which appeared as if they were looking out for someone or were about to steal something. Detective Johnson saw a third man approach and handing something to one of the two men, which he stuffed into his pocket.
Detective Johnson approached the three men and identified himself as a policeman. He saw the man that stuffed the item in his pocket place his hand in his pocket again. Detective Johnson kept his eyes on the man and asked their names. Before they could answer, the detective turned the man around, patted down his outside clothing, and felt a hard object. The man objected saying, "Hey man, you can't do that. I have rights. I want my lawyer." Detective Johnson sneered, "Oh! you'll get your lawyer." Upon feeling the object, the officer removed his gun and asked the three to raise their hands and place them on the wall. The officer patted each man down and found a gun in the pocket of one man. He removed the jacket of another man and found a diamond ring in the inside pocket. The third man did not have anything in his pockets.
The three were taken to the police station and charged with grand theft and burglary. One of the men was also charged for carrying a concealed weapon. Detective Johnson ran the information concerning the gun and found that it matched the gun related to an aggravated battery and rape case from a year ago. The detective questioned Danny, the man who had the gun. At first, Danny did not want to say anything, but the detective continued questioning him. After three hours, Danny confessed to the aggravated battery and rape case. He denied being involved in the grand theft and burglary.
Danny had a first appearance in the court within three days, whereupon he is appointed an attorney but denied bail. Danny does not see his attorney until the next court appearance. The attorney asks what he wants to do and Danny said, "I want to fight it man." The attorney tells Danny, "That's not going to work; the DA is offering you a good deal if you plea." Over the objection of the victim in the court, the DA offers Danny probation if he testifies against the other two in the burglary case. The DA wants the other two to be sentenced to ten years in that case. While shaking his head, Danny pleads guilty above the cries of the victim. The DA asks the judge to hold off on sentencing until after he testifies in the other trial.
After Danny testifies against the other two defendants and they are sentenced to ten years, Danny goes back to the court. The judge, not agreeing with the deal, decides to sent.
Assignment 2 (RA 1) Analysis of Self-ImageIn this assignment, yo.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: (RA 1): Analysis of Self-Image
In this assignment, you will identify and discuss factors that contribute to self-image during middle childhood and adolescence.
Write a 6-page research paper on factors influencing self-image during middle childhood and adolescence.
Tasks:
Conduct a review from professional literature—articles from peer-reviewed journals and relevant textbooks—on the factors influencing self-image during middle childhood and adolescence. Topics to consider include:
Family constellation
Risk and protective factors
Various aspects of cultural identity
Physical characteristics
Social interactions with peers
.
Assignment 1Write a 2-3 page outline describing the health to.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment
1:
Write a 2-3 page outline describing the health topic you’ve been assigned and develop a justification/rationale for an educational intervention.
Assignment
2:
Develop a graphic organizer for their topic.
The Graphic Organizer is intended to provide visual cues to enhance learning.
The graphic organizers should be included with your unit plan.
.
assignment 1The idea of living in a country where all policy sh.docxBenitoSumpter862
assignment 1
The idea of living in a country where “all policy shall be based on the weight of evidence” seems unreal for me. However this idea does not seems so crazy for Neil deGrasse Tyson, who believes this idea could work in a country. But could it really work?
The ‘Rationalia’ proposal is about that every idea need to be based on something. It means everything has to follow a process which is gathering data, observation, experimenting and having a conclusion. For a policy to get approved it needs to have the weight of evidence to support it, if it does not have it, then it will not get approve. I found it very interesting how white supremacy supported African slavery and how there was an effort to restricted the reproduction of other races. I feel like this would turn into a chaotic country because there are so many things that science cannot explain, scientist have theories only. Like most of the ancient civilization that had big constructions, ex: The Incas in Peru, there is no explanation for how the Machu Picchu ruins were constructed, or like the Pyramids in Egypt. As the scientist keep researching, new theories originate and no conclusion is made.
I do not think religion has all the answers also. Why were women not able to touch their husbands or feed their animals while menstruating? Why a women would be considered contaminated or not pure base on something as normal as menstruation. Or the idea of it is okay for men to have multiple wives but it was not okay for women to get married twice? I do believe that there is a God, but the idea of the men been superior in both science and religion makes me feel frustrated as a woman. It would be very difficult for a country to be ruled by science or by God only. I feel that there should always be a balance between science and religion, even though both want to compete with each other and have the ultimate opinion. There are somethings that I disagree with both of them. There is no need to keep fighting against each other, even the pope supported the scientific view of evolution, and as the article “Nonoverlapping Magisteria” by Stephen Jay Gould said “The Catholic Church had never opposed evolution and had no reason to do so”. For some people like me, science and religion go together.
assigment 2
In the first reading “Reflections on Rationalia” by Neil deGrasse Tyson, Tyson discusses an idea of developing a virtual world in which all its policies have to be founded based on evidence, meaning that the state would be undergoing constant research, forming a foundation for its government and how its citizens should think. Within the proposal for the new state, Tyson says that a great amount of funding will be given to the continued study of the human sciences, along with extensive training for the young to learn how to obtain, analyze and gather conclusions on data, and citizens would have the freedom to be irrational, simply no policies will be made with.
Assignment 1Recognizing the Role of Adhering to the Standar.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 1:
Recognizing the Role of Adhering to the Standard of Care
When providing health care, there are standards of care which a reasonably prudent provider should follow. Providers at all levels are held to these standards of care. Failure to provide competent care to your patients will put you at risk for malpractice. Remaining current with the evidenced-based guidelines and providing optimal care will minimize the risk of liability.
For this Assignment, you will create a PowerPoint presentation that explains any legal implications that exist for failure to adhere to a standard of care, the key elements of malpractice, and compare the differences in malpractice policy options.
To prepare:
Consider the importance of using professional resources such as the National Guideline Clearinghouse to guide care delivered
Create a PowerPoint presentation no more than 15 slides in length that addresses the following:
Identify and explain any legal implications that exist for failure to adhere to a standard of care
Identify and explain the key elements of malpractice
Compare the differences in malpractice policy options
.
Assignment 1Argument MappingWrite a four to five (4-5.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 1:
Argument Mapping
Write a four to five (4-5) page paper in which you:
(
Note:
Refer to Demonstration Exercise 3 located at the end of Chapter 1 for criteria 1-3.)
1.
Create an argument map based on the influence diagram presented in Case 1.3 and complete all the criteria provided in the exercise, beginning with this claim: “The U.S. should return to the 55- mph speed limit in order to conserve fuel and save lives.”
2.
Include in the map as many warrants, backings, objections, and rebuttals as possible.
3.
Assume that the original qualifier was
certainly;
indicate whether the qualifier changes as we move from a simple, static, uncontested argument to a complex, dynamic and contested argument.
(
Note:
Refer to Demonstration Exercise 3 located at the end of Chapter 8 for criterion 4.)
4.
Apply the argument mapping procedures presented in Chapter 8 to analyze the pros and cons (or strengths and weaknesses) of the recommendations that the United States should
not
intervene in the Balkans.
(
Note:
Refer to Demonstration Exercise 4 located at the end of Chapter 8 for criteria 5-7.)
Demonstration exercise 3 chapter 1
Create an argument map based on the influence diagram presented in Case 1.3. Begin with the following claim: “The United States should return to the 55 mph speed limit in order to conserve fuel and save lives.” Include in your map as many warrants, backings, objections, and rebuttals as you can. Assuming that the original qualifier was certainly, indicate whether the qualifier changes as we move from a simple, static, uncontested argument to a complex, dynamic, and contested argument
Influence diagram presented in case 1.3
CASE 1.3 THE INFLUENCE DIAGRAM AND DECISION TREE—STRUCTURING PROBLEMS OF ENERGY POLICY AND INTERNATIONAL SECURIY
Along with other policy-analytic methods discussed earlier in this chapter (Figure 1.1), the influence diagram and decision tree are useful tools for structuring policy problems.52 The influence diagram (Figure C1.3) displays the policy, the National Maximum Speed Limit, as a rectangle. A rectangle always refers to a policy choice or decision node, which in this case is the choice between adopting and not adopting the national maximum speed limit of 55 mph. To the right and above the decision node are uncertain events, represented as ovals, which are connected to the decision node with arrows showing how the speed limit affects or is affected by them. The rectangles with shaved corners represent valued policy outcomes or objectives. The objectives are to lower fuel consumption, reduce travel time, reduce injuries, and avert traffic fatalities. To the right of the objectives is another shaved rectangle, which designates the net benefits (benefits less costs) of the four objectives. The surprising result of using the influence diagram for problem structuring is the discovery of causally relevant economic events, such as the recession and unemployment, .
Assignment 121. Create a GUI application that contains textboxes.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 12
1. Create a GUI application that contains
textboxes
for first name, last name and title. The app should also contain one button (with the text "Format!"). Once a user filles in textboxes and clicks the button the user-entered info should be displayed in a
label
formatted with one space between the title, first name, and last name.
2. Create a GUI higher/lower guessing game that lets a user guess a number between 1 and 111 (you can either randomly assign the secret number or hardcode it). Let the user enter his/her guess in a
textbox
then click a Submit button to submit his/her guess. If the guess is too low change the form color to YELLOW. If the guess is too high change the form color to BLUE. If the guess is correct change the form color to GREEN and display the number of guesses it took.
.
Assignment 1.3 Assignment 1.3 Article Review Read the article .docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 1.3
Assignment 1.3 Article Review
Read the article Social Service or Social Change, available in attachments. Review this article, using the Article Review format provided. Please note there are three sections of an article review.
The first is a brief summary of the article. The second, the Critique, is
about
your opinion of the information presented in the article, and the third, the Application, is about how you might use this information in the future. The Article Review template is located in attachments.
.
Assignment 1Answer the following questions concisely (no.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 1
Answer the following questions concisely (no more than half a page per question)
1.
What is the National Prevention Strategy and who is responsible for it?
2. What are the differences among community health, population health, and global health?
3. Which federal department in the United States is the government’s principal agency for protecting the health of all Americans and for providing essential human services, especially to those who are least able to help themselves? What major services does this department provide?
4. How do state and local health departments interface?
5. What significance do you think Healthy People 2020 will have in the years ahead?
.
Assignment 1 Victims’ RightsThe death penalty is one of the mos.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 1: Victims’ Rights
The death penalty is one of the most controversial topics in the criminal justice system. In the US criminal justice system, the government represents the victim. At the time of sentencing, many states allow victim impact statements. There are additional issues to consider in the application of the death penalty. Some of these issues are race, age, and cost.
Use the Argosy University Online Library resources to research the role of the victims in sentencing a defendant.
Submission Details:
By
June 28
, 2017
, post your responses to the following topics to this
Discussion Area
.
Discuss what you learned, focusing on such topics as racial disparity, juveniles, and victim impact statements. Be sure to cite your sources of information in the APA style.
Describe a specific case you learned about in the news where victims' rights figured prominently (either in a positive or in a negative way).
.
Assignment 1 Unreasonable Searches and SeizuresThe Fourth Amend.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 1: Unreasonable Searches and Seizures
The Fourth Amendment to the US Constitution protects citizens' rights to be free from unreasonable governmental intrusion. The text of the amendment reads: "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized."
There are many legal safeguards in place to ensure that police officers interfere with citizens' Fourth Amendment rights under limited circumstances. In Centervale, there have been several citizen complaints about Fourth Amendment violations by the local police department. The Centervale chief of police, Charles Draper, has determined that the behavior of some police officers reveals a lack of consistent understanding of the criminal justice concepts dealing with the Fourth Amendment prohibition against unreasonable searches and unreasonable seizures.
Submission Details:
By
Monday
, post to the
Discussion Area
your response to the following:
Explain what constitutes an unreasonable search or seizure.
Use examples to support your response.
Explain how the exclusionary rule and fruit of the poisonous tree apply.
.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
11Proposal Part One - Part 1 Influence of Internet on Tourism
1. 11
Proposal Part One - Part 1: Influence of Internet on Tourism
Industry
Research Proposal: Influence of Internet on Tourism Industry
Introduction
The tourism industry has been among the best-valued sectors
within the nation to generate massive revenue for the
government. Besides, the industry is considered among the
earliest since it started several decades ago. For an extended
period, the industry uses Integrated Marketing Communications
to promote their various products and services to the entire
world. The introduction of technology in the industry leads to
improvements in the sectors. Most individuals without extensive
information on the tourism industry can access the data in their
comfort zones. It implies that IT and internet technology play a
significant role in ensuring effective strategy due to its
existence globally.
Most European countries have tried to promote and implement
internet technology in ensuring satisfactory delivery of products
and services (Kayumovich, 2020). Since it has a custom within
the tourism and hotel industry to provide intangible products
and services, including but not limited to services alongside
comfort, the internet has been an effective method of delivering
its messages to the targeted customers. Also, through internet
technology, the industry has achieved more customers in the
global market, including the European market. The promotion of
branding within the European tourism industry has been
effective due to the introduction and implementation of internet
technology. Thus, the internet is believed to significantly
influence the tourism industry in various sectors, including but
limited to infrastructure, travel, alongside the marketing sector.
Before introducing the internet alongside the IT, travelling of
2. customers was dangerous and unpleasant since travellers had
constraint understanding of locations they were visiting.
As a result, the existing vacationers of time had limited
knowledge of the cultures and terrain alongside the climate
change and patterns necessary to stimulate the travelling issues.
Therefore, tourism sectors, including but not limited to tour
companies, travel agencies and other like hotels, had developed
strategies necessary to promote booking and reservation
processes (David-Negre et al. 2018). However, several decades
ago, popular sites were visited by tourists. It implies that the
tourism sectors within the local or remote area faced chal lenges
of securing sufficient clients as people were could not define
the destination. Also, shortage of information on a particular
region leads to reduced travelling by visitors. The research
involved the utilization of relevant literature review on the
subject matter to provide factual information. Therefore, the
report offers adequate information on the influence of the
internet on the tourism industry. This research would give me
the stage to show my finding and view and also propose how the
internet can be leveraged to an extend in the tourism industry.
Literature review
Internet is the current method of interaction used among people
in the tourism industry to promote most services and products.
Within the sector, several destinations alongside activi ties have
taken place in the best way due to the internet technology. It
implies that the internet has a significant role to play in the
sector. According to Kayumovich, Annamuradovna &
Kamalovna (2019), a single click is necessitated for any activity
or service a client may requireavoiding lateness and confusions.
The internet is recognized as the best connector between the
promoters and potential clients in the modern world. The
existing hundreds of websites created provide the customers
with the required information to plan for their visits and travel.
Internet and the travel sector of the tourism industry
3. In the ancient times of the industry, travel planning was
problematic since the clients would get important information
that would be used to enable and plan for the travel. Also,
availing information and marketing appeared to be challenging.
The Travel Industry associations of America posit that over 80
million online travellers managed to plan and travel to various
places within Europe in the tourism industry (Kayumovich,
2017). It implies that multiple sectors have been
implementedusing the internet to avail adequate information on
the various destinations and schedules alongside prices.
Modern Internet technology
Web 2.0 is a commonly used concept by several travellers as the
essential planning trend present on the internet. The idea is
general and easy to understand; hence it is the current trend in
the tourism department. According to Muhammedrisaevna,
Mubinovna & Kizi (2020), web 2.0 is a platform where
consumers meet promoters to collaborate and share relevant
information to build on the market trend. It implies that the web
is designed for every user as it provides sufficient information
believed to be user-generated content. The website is new in the
industry and does not require extensive knowledge since it is
possible to have the information passed without delay to the
target client. The web has on several occasions encouraged the
use of various encouraging methods of data collection on the
internet. The postings are done in the form of relevant reviews
and videos. Besides, other posts on blogs have essential
information about destination or activities within the tourist
attraction sites the customer would wish to go to. About 70
percent of the current consumers are encouraged by the postings
of other travellers in the same place (Zsarnoczky, 2017). They
might post-specific features appealing to the potential customer.
Internet on the distribution products and services in the tourism
4. industry
According to Rahahleh et al. (2020), internet technology has
improved the distribution sector of the tourism industry. The
finding of the article suggests that the products and services
within a particular tourist attraction site are available to ever y
customer without unnecessary confusions. It implies that
various promoters interact with the client, and as a result, they
market their strategies on how they distribute their services and
products. When the client is convinced of the availed
information, the client is free to plan for the travel without
unnecessary issues. It implies that the current internet
technology within the industry can augment the existing
productivity alongside the distribution of services offered. The
department can influence every other issue as presented. The
distribution protocol is the key to the client decides on the
benefits of the site. It implies that when the distribution of
services is appropriate for the client, the attraction site can have
as many customers as possible.Also, the online customers are
both passive and active receivers in the marketing procedure. It
implies that despite the internet being considered the
conventional marketing creating room to have one-way
interaction, it is also a communicative platform. The exchangeis
always believed on a single platform where it flows from
suppliers to consumers (Kazandzhieva& Santana, 2019).
However, the interaction intended should encourage
contribution from both sides to promote effectiveness in the
industry.
Ramifications internet technologies in the tourism industry
alongside hospitality in the European countries
On several occasions, managerial exercise alongside the
available philosophy acquires the necessary understandings and
knowledge in most marketplaces. The existence of the internet
and its advancement has generated several marketing strategies
5. that make most people develop information. Customer
relationship is critical in most parts of the European countries.
Ketter (2020) asserts that this marketplace has exciting value
delivery links; hotels, airlines, and other suppliers would
usually sell their goods and services to consumers through
arbitrators or mediators such as travel companies. After the
institution of the internet in the Europe, there was a
transformation in the mechanism used in booking.
The conventional way of distribution of the internet tourists'
booking and reservation went 26 through the travel company
who in response contacted the internet to make a booking of
airlines, hotel, car hire, and tour functionalities (Domínguez
Vila, Alén González & Darcy, 2019). The new and innovative
setting is more comfortable and faster because travellers use the
internet directly to make their reservations and bookings. Many
hotels have established web-based booking elements for both
group and leisure sales (Labanauskaitė, Fiore &Stašys, 2020).
Progressively, package holiday tour workers or operatives are
considering direct sales through the internet in their sales plan,
avoiding or sidestepping the travel companies. These
organizations are taking on both acquisitive and organic growth
approaches. Other scholars have also acknowledged the
instrumentality of the internet in the tourism marketplace.
There's a depiction that the concept of online distribution i s
relevant to several endpoints and multiple manners consumers
can attain personal domains. The illustration also points out that
some consumer may book travels through commercially
controlled areas. The fields are regulation by federal
organizations that distribute hotel rooms' reservations for the
region through their commercial reservation settings.
Other benefits and limitations of internet technology
The benefits of the internet in European countries, including the
United States,are numerous. The essential advantage is that
tourist can look up a destination at the comfort of their home
before organizing a tour. It makes the work and hustles easier
6. and faster. They can also make hotel reservations and bookings
online. It has augmented the figures of travellers coming to the
Europe in the current times (Dieck, Fountoulaki& Jung, 2018).
The 27 tours and hotels operatives can now interact with the
tourists on day-to-day activities as they arrange their tours
earlier.
The cons of internet usage are that it can be expensive for some
organization to uphold. The institution and application of the
internet have dramatically made payment to the advancement of
tourism growth in the Europe and the world for the past few
decades because it has endorsed tourism and inspired travellers
to come to the Europe. Another manner of looking at the
instrumentality of the internet in the travel business is viewed at
the contention that the web is becoming a combined or joint
"travel square". It is because Chatzigeorgiou (2017) posits that
more and more vacationers are turning to online travel to satisfy
their correlated trip activities like making travel transaction,
seeking information, and looking for travel organizations.
Other disadvantages of the internet in the tourism industry
The internet can be used for various advantages associated with
other technical and fundamental operations within the industry.
However, it is critical to acknowledge that the internet
contributes to other limitations. They include but are not limited
to providing fake information to lure potential customers. On
several occasions, some promoters within the internet avail
information which appears to be giving unrealistic data. As a
result, the potential customer becomes irritated upon realizing
that the data is meant to lure them (Adeola & Evans, 2019).
Therefore, the client tends to avoid the services and products
from the same industry. According to Poddubnaya (2019),
Europe entails several developed tourism sites attracting the
most visitors worldwide. Therefore, when an individual
provides unreliable information about a site to be visited, such
as posting pictres of wild animals that do not form part of the
site, the client seeks assistance from other sites.
7. Gaps in the literature
Despite exhausting the essential information necessary to
provide crucial information on the issue, specific gaps are left
requiring extensive research in the future. First, the literature
does explore other aspects more aspects of the recent
technology of internet advancement. However, it only illustrates
on the web. 2.0, which necessitatesand provides a platform for
the users are promoters to meet and interact. Several other
internet technologies are available, which should be covered by
the literature. When movingforward with the research, it
becomes critical to ensure that the most recent internet
advancement is covered in the literature review. Providing
sufficient information on the current technology convinces
people that the internet positively influences the tourism
industry. Also, the literature failed to mention the several
existing examples of booming tourism and hotel industries that
have implemented the recent internet technology. However,
moving to the future with research, some famous tourism
industries in Europe will explain the possible influence of the
internet. It implies that the future of the study will tend to cover
every aspect necessary to bring the significance of the internet
influence on the technology.
Statement of the Problem
Internet technology can be used on several occasions for
functional purposes. However, it can be used for other purposes
such as strategic and methodological administration. It assists
in strengthening the tourism industry businesses to meet and
market their products and services to potential customers
without complexity. Besides, they can manage to participate and
accomplish the existing competitive advantage. Refining and
understanding some complicated system in the industry requires
the adequate arrangement of a robust framework. This research
would identify how direct interaction between the promoters
and the clients can be enhanced with the help of the internet?.
Hopefully, this research will help customers by giving
8. information on how they can freely relate and socialize with
market promoters to ensure that they have an advanced and
reliable market?. In the modern industry, the internet has
excessively been used as an advertising and promoting platform
where people interact directly for business purposes. This
tendency will benefit the customers and business and help the
country increase the country's economy, which can be used to
benefit society.
Research questions
The research paper focuses on two primary questions, giving
vital information when effectively reviewed.
1) What are the possible ramifications of internet technologies
in the tourism industry alongside hospitality in European
countries?
2) What are some of the benefits of internet technology
advancement in the tourism industry in European countries?
Other question to be answered include,
What is the relationship between the clients and the industry
promoters in the European countries?
Does the tourism industry incur massive investment due to the
introduction of internet technology in European countries?
References
Adeola, O., & Evans, O. (2019). Digital tourism: mobile
phones, internet and tourism in Africa. Tourism Recreation
Research, 44(2), 190-202.
Bugawa, A. M., & Mirzal, A. (2018). The impact of Web 2.0
technologies on the learning experience of students in higher
education: A review. International Journal of Web-Based
Learning and Teaching Technologies (IJWLTT), 13(3), 1-17.
Chatzigeorgiou, C. (2017). Modelling the impact of social
media influencers on behavioral intentions of millennials: The
case of tourism in rural areas in Greece. Journal of Tourism,
Heritage & Services Marketing (JTHSM), 3(2), 25-29.
9. David-Negre, T., Almedida-Santana, A., Hernández, J. M., &
Moreno-Gil, S. (2018). Understanding European tourists' use of
e-tourism platforms.Analysis of networks. Information
Technology & Tourism, 20(1-4), 131-152.
Dieck, M. C. T., Fountoulaki, P., & Jung, T. H. (2018). Tourism
distribution channels in European island
destinations. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality
Management.
Domínguez Vila, T., Alén González, E., & Darcy, S. (2019).
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perspective. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and
Tourism, 19(2), 140-156.
Eckhaus, E. (2017). Towards tourism business change. Revista
de Management ComparatInternațional, 18(3), 274-286.
García-Morales, V. J., Martín-Rojas, R., & Garde-Sánchez, R.
(2020). How to encourage social entrepreneurship action? using
web 2.0 technologies in higher education institutions. Journal of
business ethics, 161(2), 329-350.
Jaelani, A. (2017). Halal tourism industry in Indonesia:
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Kaur, G. (2017). The importance of digital marketing in the
tourism industry. International Journal of Research-
Granthaalayah, 5(6), 72-77.
Kayumovich, K. O. (2017). The highlight priorities for the
development of digital tourism in Uzbekistan. International
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Kayumovich, K. O. (2020). Prospects of digital tourism
development. Economics, (1 (44)).
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10. (2019).Features of electronic online market in
tourism. Вестникнауки и образования, (24-3 (78)).
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development and conceptual framework. Tourism: An
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Ketter, E. (2020). Millennial travel: tourism micro-trends of
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Khudoyberdievich, A. O. (2020). Innovation technologies on
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11
11. Does packaging color of product affect consumer behavior
during purchase?
Table of Contents
1. Title Page------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------1
2. Table of Contents---------------------------------------------------
--------------------------2
3. Introduction---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------4
4. Problem statement--------------------------------------------------
--------------------------5
5. The importance and necessity of conducting research----------
-------------------------6
6.The theoretical framework of research----------------------------
-------------------------7
7.Research Objectives-------------------------------------------------
-------------------------8
8.Research question---------------------------------------------------
--------------------------9
9. Hypothesis-----------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------9
10. The conceptual definition of variable --------------------------
12. --------------------------10
11. The operational definition of variables-------------------------
--------------------------10
12. Research purpose--------------------------------------------------
--------------------------13
13. Research restriction-----------------------------------------------
--------------------------14
14. Research methods-------------------------------------------------
--------------------------14
15. Society and statistical sample -----------------------------------
--------------------------15
16. Statistical community---------------------------------------------
--------------------------15
17. Sample size and sampling method-------------------------------
-------------------------16
18. Variables-----------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------16
19. Data collection-----------------------------------------------------
-----------------------17
20. Method--------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------17
21. Library study ------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------17
22. Field study---------------------------------------------------------
------------------------17
23. Data analysis method ---------------------------------------------
-----------------------18
24. Deliverable --------------------------------------------------------
------------------------18
25. Activity schedule -------------------------------------------------
------------------------20
26. Reference ----------------------------------------------------------
------------------------21
27. Appendix (questionnaire) ----------------------------------------
------------------------22
13. Introduction
Objects, people, and the environment contain a variety of colors
that we encounter every day, so Colors are everywhere, and we
can state that Color is a fundamental aspect of human
perception (Kauppinen, 2014). Also, colors not only include
emotions, but they also convey physiological concepts and
associations (Labrecque, 2012). However, one of the most
important issues in marketing and product sales promotion is to
consider the right color in product packaging. Nowadays,
advertisements play an important role in human life, and on the
other hand, the output products of commercial companies
experience tangible qualitative convergence which the important
issue of packaging and its dimensions such as product
packaging color cannot be ignored (Farooq, 2015). Despite its
primary responsibility for product protection, packaging has
gradually acquired new features that in its motivational aspect
often include the design, color, and shape of packaging
(Cahyorini, 2012). Product packaging features such as its color
14. can be used as a carrier of promotional messages, motivational
shopping tools, means of collecting comments, and carrier of
the company's identity and slogan. (Labrecque, 2012). There is
no doubt that the right color packaging can make a difference.
Therefore, companies today are increasingly focusing on
different packaging features and are well aware of the fact that
even a small change in the shape of the packaging can affect
consumer behavior to high profitability. (Raheem, 2014).
In this way, first, the main questions raised in the research were
presented in the form of the problem statement and then the
importance and necessity of the discussion on the research topic
were examined and then the questions, research model, goals,
and research hypotheses were presented. Finally, after
presenting the conceptual definitions, the operational
definitions related to each of the indicators and the scope of the
research were described separately.
Problem statement
The purchasing decision process refers to the steps that buyers
decide to buy products and services. The study of consumer
decision-making includes the analysis of how individuals
choose between one or two or more options to buy and the
processes that occur before, during, or after the purchase
(Silayoi, 2004). Pre-purchase activities occur in the early stages
of the purchase decision process and when the person is
primarily motivated to make a purchase (Kauppinen, 2014). At
one point in the process, the consumer must stop searching and
evaluating the information and choose a purchase option
(Labrecque, 2012). This stage is the same as the purchase stage
(Kuvykaite, 2009). Post-purchase activities also focus on what
happens after the purchase since the decision-making process
does not end with the purchase, and consumers evaluate the
decision and use it for future decisions (Kuvykaite, 2009).
Various studies have sought to find out what features of the
product can affect consumers' purchasing decisions
(Schoormans, 1997). Traditional analyzes have focused only on
15. the characteristics within a product, which in no way meet the
needs of current changing markets, as consumers are influenced
by different levels of the product (Raheem, 2014). Various
studies have shown that the physical appearance of a product,
such as packaging, affects the buyer's attention to a product in
the store, testing it, and ultimately its purchase (Silayoi, 2004).
Meanwhile, product packaging color seems to be a key factor
that can be effective in different stages of consumer buying
(Hussain, 2011). In particular, it has a special place in the
packaging of food products (Silayoi, 2004). The color
combination of product packaging creates an image in the mind
(Shah, 2013). The more compelling the image created in the
minds of consumers of food products, the more effective it can
be in deciding to buy their product (Shah, 2013). In other
words, designing the packaging of food products with diverse
and cheerful colors that are consumer-friendly accelerates the
decision to buy a product (Labrecque, 2012). Therefore, trying
to design the packaging of a product with the right color and
paying attention to the opinions of consumers can have a
profound effect on consumer sentiment and the decision to buy
that product (Kuvykaite, 2009). This research also seeks to
discover the relationship between food packaging color and
consumer decisions during purchase. Based on this, the main
research question is compiled as follows: What is the
relationship between food coloring and consumer decisions
during purchase?
The importance and necessity of conducting research
Consumer choice is complex, rich, and extensive.
However, if sellers want sustainable success, they must try to
understand consumers. It takes a long time to understand the
nature and patterns of the origin of consumption (Raheem,
2014). Besides, consumer behavior depends on why people buy
and what they buy is an interpretation to try to understand the
nature of consumer goals and outcomes (Raheem, 2014). To
compete with retailers and manufacturers, they adopt aggressive
16. production strategies to increase consumerism (Hussain, 2011).
A popular strategy for influencing consumer choice is to use a
variety of colors (Hussain, 2011). Color can stimulate interests
and tastes, thereby increasing the purchasing power of products
(Labrecque, 2012). The color promotes business by increasing
the effectiveness of promoting halo throughout a brand and even
generating new revenue (Underwood, 2001). When designing a
product, it is important that the texture, pattern, and effects,
especially the color, is selected appropriately (Labrecque,
2012). Therefore, the visual characteristics of packaging are of
particular importance in different stages of food purchase due to
their role in establishing the first direct relationship with the
customer and its effect on the customer's mind psychologically
(Shah, 2013). This feature, as Hussain (2011) believes, is often
because consumers are affected by the appearance of the
product, especially its packaging, in unplanned purchases. It is
a subject that still needs to be looked at expertly and, of course,
more comprehensively in the production of domestic packaging
(Silayoi, 2004). However, among the existing reality in our
society, which is also believed by the hands of packagi ng
workers, shows that all activities carried out on packaging are
based on traditional beliefs and ideas, and field research has not
played the slightest role (Labrecque, 2012). It seems that
according to the current situation, producers and suppliers of
food products in the Pega factory in Vancouver that produces
dairy products do not know much about the nuances of
designing and providing packages tailored to the needs and
desires of their customers. In this regard, and to compensate for
these shortcomings, in the present study, an attempt has been
made to study how to influence and determine the relationship
between packaging factors during consumer behavior steps and
activities, although a small step is done to develop marketing
services and consequently development, creating a business
environment to compete effectively in the food industry in
Vancouver.
The theoretical framework of research
17. The theoretical framework is the foundation on which
all research is based. This framework clarifies the relationships
between variables, just as the study of background forms the
basis of the theoretical framework. A good theoretical
framework, in turn, provides the necessary logical basis for
formulating testable hypotheses (Sakaran, 2006).
In this study, to answer the research questions, the conceptual
model is presented in Figure 1. In this model, the relationship
between packaging color and consumer behavior in different
stages of purchase is examined. The color of the packaging,
which is considered as an independent variable in this research,
is based on the study of Vaspis (2004), which divided the
packing factors into two categories: information factors and
visual factors. Consumer behavior is also a dependent variable
of research that has been extracted based on Wilkie's (1994)
studies. He sees consumer behavior as a three-step process,
including before, during, and after purchase.
Visual factors in packaging
(Packaging color)
Consumer behavior after purchase
The theoretical framework of research (Vaspis, 2004 &Wilkie’s,
1994)
Research Objectives
The objectives of this study are divided into two
categories:
The main purpose is to examine the relationship between
18. packaging color and consumer behavior.
Sub-objectives:
1- Investigating the relationship between packaging color and
consumer behavior while the consumers have intention to
purchase
2- Investigating the relationship between packaging color and
consumer buying behavior during making a decision to
purchase.
3- Investigating the relationship between packaging color and
consumer behavior after they make a decision to purchase.
Research question
In this research, we try to answer the main questions and sub-
questions of the research. The main question is that this
research seeks to answer the following question:
Is there a significant relationship between food packaging color
and consumer behavior during purchase?
Sub-questions were developed to answer:
1) Is there a significant relationship between food packaging
color and consumer behavior before purchase?
2) Is there a significant relationship between food packaging
color and consumer behavior during purchase?
3) Is there a significant relationship between food packaging
color and consumer behavior after purchase?
Hypotheses
According to the thematic literature and research
model, the research hypotheses are as follows:
The main hypothesesis:
There is a significant relationship between the color of food
packaging and consumer behavior.
Sub-hypotheses are:
1) There is a significant relationship between the color of food
packaging and the behavior of consumers before buying.
2) There is a significant relationship between the color of food
packaging and behavior during consumer shopping.
3) There is a significant relationship between food packaging
19. color and consumer behavior after purchase.
The conceptual definition of variables
Food Packaging Color: One of the visual components
of products that can affect the consumer (Labrecque,2012).
Consumer Behavior: Consumer behavior refers to activities, in
which people engage in the actual or potential use of various
market products, including goods, services, ideas, and store
environment, and include three subgroups in pre-purchase
activities. , activities during purchase and activities after
purchase (Shah, 2013).
Pre-purchase activity: Pre-purchase activities occur in the early
stages of the purchasing decision process and when the person
is first motivated to make a purchase. This stage includes three
subgroups, which are: awareness of need, evaluation of options,
and collection of information (Zekiri, 2015).
Purchasing Activity: At one point in the process, the consumer
must stop searching and evaluating information and choose a
purchase option. Purchasing options for the consumer include
the product itself, packaging, store, and purchase method. In
this case, the customer makes a convincing compromise
according to the characteristics of the product and other factors.
Once the buyer has chosen the brand and store he or she wants,
he or she must complete the exchange process. This stage is the
same as the purchase stage. This stage leads to the decision to
buy (Zekiri, 2015).
Post-purchase activity: Post-purchase activities are focused on
events that occur after the purchase has been made because the
decision-making process does not end with the purchase, but the
consumer evaluates the decision and makes it. Used for future
decisions. This stage of consumer behavior is examined in two
stages: consumption and product evaluation and future decision-
making processes (Hussain, 2011).
The operational definition of research variables
As noted, this study seeks to examine the process of
consumer buying behavior by characterizing the color of food
packaging. For this purpose, the operational definitions used for
20. each of these variables in this study are as follows:
Food Packaging Color: Using questions 1 to 4 of the
questionnaire, which will be evaluated and measured by
respondents in the form of a 5-point Likert scale from very low
to very high with numbers 1 to 5.
Behavior before purchase: Using questions 5 to 8 of the
questionnaire, which will evaluate and measured by respondents
in the form of a 5-point Likert scale from very low to very high
with numbers 1 to 5.
Behavior during consumer’s purchase: Using questions 9 to 12
of the questionnaire, which will evaluate and measured by
respondents in the form of a 5-point Likert scale from very low
to very high with numbers 1 to 5.
Behavior after consumer purchase: Using questions 13 to 16 of
the questionnaire, which will evaluate and measured by
respondents in the form of a 5-point Likert scale from very low
to very high with numbers 1 to 5.
And to determine the score of each characteristic, we use the
average score of the items assigned
Literature review
Marketing is the process by which a consumer's need is
identified and what satisfies that need is determined and created
and delivered to the customer in such a way that his satisfaction
is satisfied and long-term and beneficial two-way relationships
are established with him (Labrecque, 2012). To study consumer
behavior as closely as possible, one of the issues that should be
studied is the factors affecting these behaviors. Consumer
behavior in general can be influenced by several factors (Zekiri,
2015). Meanwhile, the impact of the product on consumer
behavior is important. Many of the features of products
belonging to different companies, including brand name,
quality, novelty, and complexity of the product can affect
consumer behavior (Labrecque, 2012). A review of past studies
on the product shows that traditional analyzes have focused
only on the internal characteristics of the product, which does
not meet the needs of the changing markets at the moment,
21. while consumers are the various levels of the product are
affected (Silayoi, 2007).
In a study, Roswell et al. (2014) investigated the effect of
foreign food coloring on 1046 Norwegian consumers. The
results showed that most respondents are sensitive to the color
ratio of sensitive products and their purchasing decisions.
In a study, Funk and Debussy (2006) examined the effect of
product color on customer selection in Malaysia. They selected
196 customers who had come to various exhibitions to buy cars.
The results showed that the color of the products affects the
choice of customers. Also, the results of their other research
showed that the age variable can also play a moderating role in
this issue.
In a study, Sylavi and Space (2004) looked at the role of
product packaging in product selection by customers. The
results of their research showed that packaging graphics,
including its color, play an important role in stimulating the
consumer to buy that product.
Garber et al. (2000) investigated the effect of food coloring on
customers' purchasing decisions. They selected 389 students and
distributed the questionnaires among them. The results of their
research showed a significant positive relationship between
product color and customer purchasing decisions.
Buck et al. (2011), however, investigated the role of product
color on the mental judgment of consumers in Belgium. Their
results showed that there is no relationship between the color of
the products and their choice by the customers and in some
cases, the opposite will happen.
One of the main reasons for food packaging is to attract
customers so that packaging is a flashing commodity to the
consumer (Schoormans, 1997). Today, the packaging industry
uses special colors, designs, and dimensions to attract
customers to have significant effects on attracting customers
(Silayoi, 2004). The design on the packaging is also one of the
effective factors in attracting the customer when choosing the
product (Taghavi, 2015). Packaging design at the time of
22. purchase as well as the choice of goods by the consumer in the
future and the use of the product is effective and is considered
as part of the consumer's experience in future purchases
(Taghavi, 2015). How a package is opened or closed, and even
how it is placed in the refrigerator, are all psychological
reflections that lead to product value and consumer satisfaction
(Zekiri, 2015). To study consumer behavior as closely as
possible, one of the issues that should be studied; is the factors
affecting these behaviors.
Visual packaging features
The visual feature of the package includes features such as
color, design, size, information on the package, and the size of
the writing on the package (Schoormns, 1997). This feature of
packaging is of great importance in the packaging production
process due to its prominent role in creating awareness,
willingness and even customer motivation to buy food
(Labrecque, 2012). Marketers have so far tried to increase the
level of awareness and subsequent desire and purchase in
customers by using various sciences, especially art and its
applications in making a package (Schoormans, 1997). Applying
appropriate colors that largely reflect the content of the product
and encourage the taste and attention of customers, innovative
and stunning designs, providing sufficient information about
features, how to use and apply, storage conditions, how
Preparing and even providing value and health messages can
greatly increase the desire to buy (Silayoi, 2004). On the other
hand, the application of sociological and psychological
knowledge in determining the size, volume and number of goods
in each package is very important in this regard, and in no way
should the use of these sciences in these cases should be
ignored (Taghavi, 2015). In any case, the visual feature, as its
name suggests, includes the feature of the packaging that is
placed in the customer's vision and is interpreted as a red light
that calls the customer with its features and (kuvykaite, 2009).
Buyers of food products pay special attention to packaging
factors and components when they are aware of the need
23. (Shah,2013). In food products, due to special features and
characteristics, the packaging is one of the most important and
common sources of people to search for information about
buying such products, especially due to the information it
provides to buyers (Shah, 2013). Packaging color serves as one
of the important components in product packaging, a useful tool
for completing the information needed to evaluate products, and
an important source for internal information retrieval and recall
of previous shopping experiences (Shah, 2013). Among all the
different stages of shopping, packaging, relying on two
categories of visual and information factors, plays the most
important role in the stage of behaviors during shopping and in
the decision-making activity of shopping (Schoormans, 1997).
Among the various components in color packaging, product
packaging plays a very important role in people's purchasing
decisions at the point of purchase of stores (Silayoi, 2007).
Research purposes
The objectives of this study are divided into two
categories.
The main purpose is to examine the relationship between
packaging color and consumer behavior during purchase.
Sub-objectives:
1- Investigating the relationship between packaging color and
consumer behavior before purchase.
2- Investigating the relationship between packaging color and
consumer buying behavior during purchase.
3- Investigating the relationship between packaging color and
consumer behavior after purchase.
Research Restrictions
Each scientific research has its limitations. Here are
some of the limitations of this research:
- Selecting a small community (customers of dairy products of
Pegah factory in Vancouver) and consequently limited samples
that can have higher reliability with the larger results. Not
considering demographic variables in the research model such
as age, gender, and so on. Not using the above model in various
24. industries except for the food products industry. Not
considering other components of packaging such as size,
variety, and so on. Not considering factors such as complexity
of the purchase, time pressure in the research model.
Research Methods
The present research is applied in terms of purpose
type, descriptive-survey research in terms of implementation
and field data in terms of how to collect data. The statistical
populations are all the customers of the Pegah factory in
Vancouver that 384 number of people have been chosen.
N
S
N
S
N
S
N
S
N
S
10
10
100
80
280
162
800
260
2800
338
15
14
110
86
290
29. 381
90
73
270
155
700
248
2400
331
75000
382
95
76
270
159
750
256
2600
335
100000
384
Society and statistical sample Statistical community
The statistical population is the total number of people
who have common traits in specific aspects related to research
points of view and are subject to the desired research results.
(Hussain, 2011). According to the definition of the statistical
population in this study, it includes all consumers of dairy
products (Pegah diary) in the city of Vancouver.
Sample size and sampling method
Since consumers of buy dairy products buy them from
supermarkets which can be small and large are unlimited
number, we were forced to use Morgan's table to determine the
sample size. This research is carried out in Vancouver, so due to
the distribution of the sample in a large geographical area, after
determining the total sample size, we selected a suitable sample
using one of the probabilistic sampling methods, namely the
30. cluster random sampling method. The reason for using the two-
stage cluster random sampling method is that we do not have a
complete list or list of all members of the community, so by
using this method, from all the supermarkets in Vancouver, we
will choose some cluster consists of 10 stores by chance, and
then we selected some accidental dairy products consumers, and
with the help of them, we can complete the questionnaire.
Morgan table(N is community size, S is sample)
Variables
Independent variable of the research is the packaging
color, and the dependent variables of the research include
behavior before purchase, behavior during purchase, and
behavior after purchase.
Data collection method
The most important methods of data collection in this research
are as follows:
Library studies
To gather some information, we study the available documents
and thus use the written data in the research to perform the
optimal research. The sources of this data are: (English and
Persian books and articles, dissertations, websites).
Field studies
In this research, a researcher-made questionnaire has been used
for field studies. There are many reasons to use a questionnaire
in research. Because, collecting information about attitudes and
opinions in large groups of people through other methods is a
problem (Raheem, 2014). In this research, to measure each
index, questions have been compiled that these questions
evaluate the research variables in the form of a Likert spectrum.
Thus, each of the research items used to measure latent
variables, based on the Likert spectrum of numbers (1),
indicates a very low option, and (5) indicates a very high flow
rate and is responsible for Each question determines the
importance of that item by selecting only one option.
The questionnaire consists of two parts:
31. A) Demographic questions: In general questions, demographic
information has been tried to be collected about the
respondents.
B) Specialized questions: To design these questions, a five-
choice Likert range has been used, which is one of the most
common measurement ranges. The options in this range from
the number (1) to very low to the number (5).
Data analysis method
In this study, descriptive statistics including frequency,
percentage, center orientation indicators such as mean, standard
deviation, variance, minimum, and maximum and descriptive
diagrams will be used to analyze the data obtained from the
samples. Inferential statistics (correlation coefficient and
Kolmogram test) will be used to analyze the data. These
analyzes were performed using SPSS18 statistical software.
Deliverable
By the end of this research, we will have a 40-page report, a
completed survey, and a presentation that explains all parts of
research and how it will be done.
Activity Schedule
This research will take 35 days to be completed according to the
following timeline:
Action
Start date
End date
Number of days
Research
April 25, 2020
April 30, 2020
5
Proposal development
May 1, 2020
May 18, 2020
32. 18
Survey
May 18, 2020
May 26, 2020
8
Data entry
May 26, 2020
May 28, 2020
2
Data analysis
May 28, 2020
May 30, 2020
2
Final paper delivery
May 30, 2020
June 5, 2020
5
Presentation
June 15, 2020
Total cost
3500 CAD
Reference
Cahyorini, A., &Rusfian, E. Z. (2012). The effect of packaging
design on impulsive buying. Bisnis&Birokrasi Journal, 18(1).
Farooq, S., Habib, S., & Aslam, S. (2015). Influence of product
33. packaging on consumer purchase intentions. International
Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 3(12), 538-
547.
Hussain, S., Ali, S., Ibrahim, M., Noreen, A., & Ahmad, S. F.
(2011). Impact of product packaging on consumer perception
and purchase intention. Journal of Marketing and Consumer
Research, 10, 1-10.
Kauppinen‐ Räisänen, H. (2014). Strategic use of color in brand
packaging. Packaging Technology and Science, 27(8), 663-676.
Kuvykaite, R., Dovaliene, A., &Navickiene, L. (2009). Impact
of package elements on consumer's purchase decisions.
Economics and management, (14), 441-447.
Labrecque, L. I., & Milne, G. R. (2012). Exciting red and
competent blue: the importance of color in marketing. Journal
of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(5), 711-727.
Raheem, A. R., Vishnu, P., & Ahmed, A. M. (2014). Impact of
product packaging on consumer’s buying behavior. European
journal of scientific research, 122(2), 125-134.
Schoormans, J. P., & Robben, H. S. (1997). The effect of the
new package design on product attention, categorization, and
evaluation. Journal of economic psychology, 18(2-3), 271-287.
Shah, S., Ahmed, A., & Ahmad, N. (2013). Role of packaging in
consumer buying behavior. International Review of Basic and
Applied Sciences, 1(2), 35-41.
Silayoi, P., &Speece, M. (2004). Packaging and purchase
decisions: An exploratory study on the impact of involvement
level and time pressure. British food journal, 106(8), 607-628.
Silayoi, P., &Speece, M. (2007). The importance of packaging
attributes a conjoint analysis approach. European journal of
marketing.
Taghavi, M. S., &Seyedsalehi, A. (2015). The effect of
packaging and brand on children’s and parents’ purchasing
decisions and the moderating role of pester power. British Food
Journal.
Underwood, R. L., Klein, N. M., & Burke, R. R. (2001).
Packaging communication: attentional effects of product
34. imagery. Journal of product & brand management.
Zekiri, J., &Hasani, V. V. (2015). The role and impact of the
packaging effect on consumer buying behavior. Eco forum
Journal, 4.
Appendix
Questionnaire
Dear respondent
Hello,
Respectfully, this questionnaire is designed to conduct an
academic study entitled "Investigating the Relationship between
Food Packaging Color on Consumer Behavior." Since the
achievement of correct and scientific results depends on your
valuable comments, so please provide accurate answers to the
questions raised, help the researcher in collecting the required
information. It should be noted that this questionnaire is
anonymous and its information is used only for this research
and is considered completely confidential. Thank you in
advance for your sincere cooperation in completing this
questionnaire.
Regards,
Mona Yazdandoust
Respondent profile
35. 1- Gender: ----------------
2- Education: high school diploma post-diploma
bachelor's degree master’s degree
doctorate
4- Age: -------------------- (Please write)
1. To what extent does the packaging color of food products
evoke the appropriateness of the price of the product?
Too little
Little
Medium
Much
Too much
2. To what extent does the packaging color of food products
evoke the quality of the products?
3. To what extent does the color of the packaging of food
products evoke the quality of the food?
36. 4. To what extent does the color of the packaging of food
products evoke the health of food?
5. How much do you know about the variety of colors for
packing a food product in the pre-purchase stage?
6. What is your rating of product quality due to the variety of
colors for packaging a food product in the pre-purchase stage?
7. What is the amount of information you collect about product
features with different packaging colors?
8. What is the amount of positive statements heard from food
products with various colors for food packaging?
37. 9. To what extent does the color of food packaging add to the
attractiveness of the product during the purchase decision
stage?
10. How effective is the color of the packaging of food products
on the compatibility of the product with your desires during the
purchase?
11. To what extent does the color of the packaging of food
products affect the fulfillment of your expectations of the
product during the purchase?
12. To what extent does the color of the packaging of food
products affect your persuasion to buy the product during the
purchase?
13. To what extent does the color of food packaging increase
the attractiveness of the product in the post-purchase stage?
38. 14. To what extent does the color of the packaging of food
products affect the compatibility of the product with your
desires after purchase?
15. To what extent does the color of the packaging of food
products affect the fulfillment of your expectations of the
product in the post-purchase stage?
16. To what extent does the color of the packaging of food
products affect your persuasion to repurchase the product after
purchase?
39. RESEARCH PROPOSAL: EXPLORING THE CANADIAN
MARKET FOR
2
Research Proposal:
The Role of Branding on Customers' Satisfaction in the Digital
Market: A Case Study on Two Sport Brands in Vancouver
The business world has changed dramatically due to digital
marketing technology. Digital marketing is a marketing strategy
40. in which marketers sell their products online via Internet and
customers can buy their needs without going to a real market
place by gadgets and in this way they have more alternatives for
a product and they can compare products, their prices and
quality before any purchasing (Yuvaraj & Indumathi, 2018). It
means that by taking advantage of digital technology, business
owners are trying to make better decisions in terms of product
development, profitability, brand management, sales and
customer relations, and to encourage customers to buy their
products by creating attractive ads. For example, in Vancouver,
the most markets such as Lululemon and Public Myth use digital
marketing technology to raise customers' awareness about a
brand, product inventory, prices, and promotions on current or
new products and to encourage people to buy products online.
The importance of digital marketing is that marketers
using this technology can easily introduce their products to
their customers to attract them and make more sales and profit.
In fact, digital marketing helps marketers to access to the target
audience with a cost-effective method (Borić et al., 2016).
But the most challenging issue for marketers who are using
digital marketing technology is how to create a brand and
attract their customers. It means that one of the problems of the
digital age can be attributed to e-branding which is a valuable
tool for marketing activities if marketers can create a positive
relationship between the brand and their customers. Digital
branding or re-branding refers to how a brand is designed and is
built online through websites, apps, social media, and other
digital tools (Fegade, 2013).
In other words, digital branding is a combination of digital
marketing and e-branding to extend a brand online. Booth &
Matic (2011) state that access to these online tools will help
shape online brands and attract customers and their loyalty.
Many of customers prefer to buy their needs in-store because
they do not know some companies and brand and they cannot
trust their quality, for this reason, a brand must try to create a
remarkable relationship with customers to gain their attention
41. over its competitors (Borić et al., 2016). As cited in Alasgarli
(2019), the brand guarantees the identity of a company.
According to Strong and Bolat (2016), branding based on the
right frameworks leads to the attraction of loyal customers and
makes an identity for a company's product. Holbrook (2014) in
his researches shows that branding has a vital impact on
building a strong relationship between brand and customers and
finally leads to an increase in the financial profitability of a
company.
Two popular sports brands in Vancouver are Lululemon
and Public Myth that communicate with their customers via
some internet tools like websites, social media, google
advertisements to introduce their brand to new customers,
convey their message to them and inform fans from their new
products. This research concentrates on the investigation of the
relationship between digital marketing and two brands of
Lululemon and Public Myth, or the role of digital branding in
introducing these brands, and how these brands in the
digital market can influence customers to purchase
advertisement products. It also compares these two brands based
on their strategy in the digital market. So, in this research, the
case study is Lululemon and Public Myth in Vancouver, and
the research methodology will be quantitative.
The Research Questions are:
1. What are the effective strategies in building brand awareness
in digital marketing?
2. To what extent a brand influence customer buying decisions
from a digital market?
3. To what extent a brand guarantees the success of companies
trying to use digital marketing technology?
The Research Objectives are:
1. To determine the level of customers' satisfaction in fulfilling
their needs from Lululemon and Public Myth brands through
digital marketing technology.
2. To find out how the brand satisfaction with Lululemon and
Public Myth affects on customers behavior and loyalty.
42. 3. To evaluate the impact of digital marketing and e-commerce
on consumers’ perceptions of Lululemon and Public Myth
brands in Vancouver.
4. To compare the digital branding strategies of Lululemon and
Public Myth in increasing their market share.
Literature Review Granata & Scozzese (2019) by analyzing
some academic literature, discuss how the internet tools can
help marketers to improve their marketing and what they should
do to build a cohesive relationship with their customers.
According to Granata & Scozzese (2019), digital marketing, e-
brand, or marketing by building a design, name, or logo can
help marketers to create a sustainable relationship with their
customers. The results of their researches demonstrate that the
existence of a strong relationship between customers and a
business creates a trust between customers and brand of the
business, and finally lead to customer loyalty. Moreover, it is
recommended the cooperation of businesses with customers in a
technological setting is necessary, and informing customers
from a brand in websites can help to companies to ensure their
brand equity (Granata & Scozzese, 2019). Other research of
Granata & Scozzese (2019) evaluates the role of social media in
relation to brand value and examine that how brand loyalty
leads to brand trust. The purpose of this research is to measure
how social media marketing leads to the development of the
brand value. This research did on 250 students through an
online questionnaire to measure their perception of the luxury
brands before and after visiting a Facebook page of a luxury
brand. The result of this survey through search engine
marketing analysis reveals that vising a Facebook page of a
luxury brand has a positive effect on the level of customers'
satisfaction. In general, the results of this research show the
importance of creating a social network to meet the needs of
consumers. Alasgarly (2019) investigates the FMCG
consumers, in terms of their income level and age in
Azerbaijan, to in this way, examine brand identity and its
impact on customer behavior. The level of customer satisfaction
43. with the brand and consumer loyalty are other factors that are
measured in this research. The quantitative research method
uses in this research for gathering and analyzing data.
According to Alasgarly (2019), there is a positive relationship
between brand trust and customer satisfaction with the FMCG
brand. Tanha (2018) studies how businesses with brand story
can communicate with customers through social media. His
survey is qualitative and define some terms of related to
marketing, also represents an 8-step social media marketing
strategy that helps businesses to build a brand for connecting
with enthusiasts. According to Tanha (2018), raising brand
awareness, increasing the loyalty of customers, enhancing the
quality of sale are some reasons for utilizing social media by
marketers.
Yuvaraj and Indumathi (2018) state that digital marketing
is a good platform for manufacturers to introduce their brand
names to customers. According to Yuvaraj and Indumathi
(2018), a precious asset for a business is the brand image.
Customers prefer to buy brands that they know and trust, and
today, with the advancement of technology, connecting with
customers through digital marketi ng plays an important role in
gaining customer trust by informing customers about the values
that a product will have (Yuvaraj and Indumathi,
2018).Khandelwal et al. (2018) in their research examine the
importance of digital marketing strategy deployed by companies
through websites to obtain new customers, assess the effective
factors in the consumers' buying behavior, and analyze
consumer satisfaction. Their samples are people who living in
Delhi NCR. They use structured questionnaires to gather their
needed information. The questionnaires are composed of three
parts of the respondents' demographic, the effective factors in
making a reliable website, and the evaluation of the level of
consumer satisfaction by scoring in selecting a specific website
for online shopping. Their findings demonstrate that digital
marketing has a high major impact on customers, and it is an
efficient marketing tool that would be useful for companies.
44. According to Khandelwal et al. (2018), the marketing strategy
needs some constructive changes in the design section to gain
more consumer satisfaction. These redesigns are related to
spacing, setting the option for choosing a language, displaying
the logo, establishing a space for informing consumers about
offers, and discount on special occasions and events. In
addition, considering a part for studying feedback for each
product, setting 24*7 times service for live chat, and setting
accurate and reliable on a website about each product would be
useful. They measure the level of customer satisfaction in terms
of brand awareness, benefits of a product, and their suggestions.
The study of Fakhimi et al. (2018) about the role of digital
marketing and branding in the healthcare industry, demonstrates
that advertising in social media, websites and other digital
environments can help the healthcare companies to build their
identities, introduce themselves through their brand and
services to patients, in addition, informing patients about the
quality of their services, encourage them to get their needed
services from these companies. Nizar & Janathan (2018)
examine the impact of social media on consumers' purchase
decisions about a well-known brand in Sri Lanka that is called
Dialog Axiata who is a company of telecommunications service
and the largest mobile network operator in this country. The
objective of this research is to define the terms of marketing
social media and the behavior of consumers in their purchase
patterns. The research method is survey method through the
distribution questionnaires of research forms in google and
interviews to gather primary data. The result of researches
demonstrates the quality of products and benefits that
consumers receive from products are valuable for consumers
and these are reasons for consumers' loyalty. So, findings
recommend to the manager of Dialog Axiata to produce cost-
effective products based on consumers' needs to consumers can
afford to buy them. Also, determine an appropriate pricing
strategy based on its competitors to attract more consumers
Nizar & Janathan, 2018).Strong and Bolat (2016) conclude that
45. through information and communication technologies such as
digital technology, speed, and efficiency in the process of
purchasing goods in a business to business or business to
customer processes have increased and have led to an increase
in customers' satisfaction. They also believe that a combination
of practical and emotional factors is important to B2B
customers in contrast with the opinion of researchers who
believe that there is no place for feeling like trust in B2B. The
results of their research show that the success of the Panasonic
brand refers to its reputation, quality, and personal relationships
between staff and B2B customers. Borić et al. (2016) stress
that one of the advantages of digital marketing via social
networks is their low cost. A company can through social
networks raise the sale of its product and brand awareness,
enhance customer loyalty, and launch new products to market.
They believe that the results of the use of digital marketing
technology can be easily and in a short time measurable and can
have a significant impact on creativity because when the
marketer realizes that the method used has not had a positive
effect on customer acquisition, he can benefit from creativity
instills another way immediately. Many brand creators and
marketers try to have a greater impact on the customer's mind
by customizing a brand through creating an emotional value in
the product (Borić et al., 2016). Dunuwille & Pathmini
(2016) use exploratory and deductive research to examine the
impact of brand image on customer satisfaction in the mobile
market in the Kennedy region of Sri Lanka. The results of their
studies show that brand image is directly related to customer
satisfaction. They also state that the most important element of
brand image is brand awareness and loyalty. Brand loyalty can
gain market share, attracts new customers, supports market
extension, reduces marketing costs, and increases the
competition with competitors. Their research results show that
managers should have more focus on making decisions over
brand loyalty to help the company to market more products.
Dunuwille and Pathmini (2016) recommend that advertisements
46. in the field of mobile phones will be very effective in obtaining
customers' satisfaction.Yasmin et al. (2015) at first, in their
study, compare traditional and digital marketing and then
examine the importance of digital marketing in relation to
product sales. Their findings show that digital marketing not
only has no boundaries for customers on access to information
and products, but also it has a positive effect on sales of
manufacturers, and all companies can use digital tools such as
smartphones, tablets, laptops, and social media to promote and
sell their products. They believe that a company will be
successful in digital marketing if it prioritizes the customers'
needs. They also suggest that companies should use specific
social media strategies to increase the effectiveness of digital
marketing.Fegade (2013) investigates the role of online social
media in enhancing brand awareness. His research objectives
are whether social media networks (SMC) increase the
awareness of consumers of the brands and how consumers
communicate with brands. His findings show the positive
relationship between the usage of social media and the increase
of consumers' awareness of the brand in comparison with
traditional ways of communication with consumers. The
increase of loyalty of consumers to a brand, being cost-
effective, sharing opinions are some of the advantages of using
SMC that he concludes in his research. Fegade (2013) cites that
the research engine optimization is a good tool for building an
online brand. In addition, the results illustrate that brand name
causes consumers to purchase needed products with more
reliability, and less thinking and a strong brand name lead to
consumer's loyalty.Kiran (2011) conducted a study on the effect
of digital marketing on customer buying behaviors in UAE and
used qualitative methodology in this study. He argues that
cosmetics brands like Lancôme and Dior strongly seek digital
marketing technologies. According to Kiran (2011), digital
marketing channels play an important role in brand success, the
attraction of customers and competition with competitors.
Muller et al. (2008) believe that due to its interactive
47. nature, the Internet has created a new opportunity for marketers
to create a brand identity for their brand that can convey
concepts related to their product to the customer so that they
can gain customer loyalty. They explain that quality and design
of websites are one of the effective ways for making brand in
the digital world which influences on customer' satisfaction and
loyalty and leads to a great brand image or the current
conception of the customer from a brand to persuade customers'
intentions to return to the websites for purchasing. The results
of the studies of Muller et al. (2008) show that visitors'
satisfaction with a website will have a positive effect on their
loyal behavior and interest in revisiting them and even
recommending the website to others. According to Argyriou
et al. (2005), changing in markets and the emergence of new
competitors, companies need more to create a brand and create
value for their brand to attract more customers through
value transfer. The results of their studies illustrate the value of
a brand or the value of brand understanding reflects the strength
of a brand's longevity in the customer's mind and reflects the
intangible dimension of a business's performance. In addition,
branding creates a connection between customer satisfaction
and quality with the amount of sales, profits, and return on
investment. They conclude that an important feature of a brand
equity is that it needs time to manage, while maintaining brand
sustainability and maintaining justice resources, and making the
right decisions about the brand.
Theoretical Framework
As cited in Strong and Bolat (2016) digital technologies is
considered as a tool for promoting a brand and the w ay for
interacting with customers. Digital technologies, due to their
high speed and efficiency, lead to the improvement of
companies' business performance and also play an effective role
in branding.
Mirabi et al. (2015, as cited in Areeba et al., 2017), the
quality of products, brands, and advertisements play a key role
in consumer’s purchase attitudes and the level of their
48. satisfaction, especially in the digital market. In addition, to
make changes to branding, the electronic revolution has
revolutionized the marketing of relationships and focused on
intangible and measurable assets such as the brand. In fact,
branding is a symbol of a relationship with customers that have
affected by online advertising channels and has the business
world changed in terms of the relationship and the financial
transaction system between the customer relationship and the
marketers (Argyriou et al., 2005).
Digital environments provide opportunities for marketers
to easily use the digital tools for their marketing purposes, as
well as create the conditions for marketers to easily find,
collect, and process the information they need (Järvinen et al.,
2012).
Research Design
The Method
The research method for this study is a qualitative or non-
numeric analysis that focuses on understanding concepts that
people give to social actions. This method will be used for
gaining a specific type of data.
The Instrument
This research will be based on an exploratory study to achieve
insights into the problem. The exploratory research method is
used when the theory is related to research or goals after data
collection (Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A., 2012).In
this study, the intended research strategy based on our research
design that is the qualitative research will be the case study and
an ethnographic interview. The purpose of the research is to
observe and interview with a women who are customers of two
brands of Lululemon and Public Myth in order to gain a depth
understanding of what is the perception of people about a brand,
how they behave and communicate with a brand. This way will
be helpful for a researcher to obtain some point of view into the
ways through which the use of the digital marketing strategy
can influence customers' perceptions of Public Myth and
Lululemon. In this way, we will have the primary data from
49. interviews with customers of these two brands in-store, and the
secondary data can get from other sources like managers of
these companies, online sources, and so on.
Some of the common questions will ask on the interview are:
1. How do you get to know these brands?
2. How do you prefer to buy these brands?
3. What does the brand name have in mind?
4. Does social media play a role in your choice to buy their new
products?
5. Which one fulfills your needs?
Sampling Method
The sample size in this study includes women of different ages
who buy the sportswear they need from brands specific to
women, such as Public Myth and Lululemon products in
Vancouver. The sample size will include 6 participants for
every brand in each method. It means that an interview with 6
customers of Lululemon and observing the behaviors of 6 of
them. Also, an interview with 6 customers of Public Myth and
observing 6 behaviors of them.
The Benefit of the Research Branding is the science of brand
management based on some elements such as value, culture, and
name to build an identity for a company to generate a positive
impact on consumers' behaviors and purchasing power
(Kapferer, 2012 as cited in Strong and Bolat, 2016). The
advantage of this research is that marketers understand the
importance of branding and how digital marketing can help
them to introduce their brand to customers and how to convey
the message of their brand to influence customers for buying.
Digital marketing can be a good platform for informing
customers of the brand, products, services, price, identifying
competitors and attracting customers.
Ethical Issues or Bias
The important factor in research is related to the ethical
issues. In fact, the respect for participates, the concern about
their welfare, and considering justice are three principal factors
in every research (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). Also, having an
50. informed consent of participants, whether in interviews or
questioners, is necessary. Our research should not have any
threat and harm for participants and do confidentiality. Some of
the practical difficulties that may I have in this project will be
gathering relevant and accurate answers from interviews and
getting information from the digital marketing managers of
these companies because of confidential issues.
Scope and Limitations
The limits of this research are mainly the following:
1. This process is time-consuming because the interviewer must
convince audiences to participate in the interview and it is the
challenging part of research. In addition, sometimes the
researcher gains a lot of information that is not related and
useful and will be a time-wasting task for the interviewer.
2. Some customers are from other nationalities, they may not be
fluent enough in English and may not give the right answers.
3. Observing and paying attention to customers behavior to
analyze their behavior, may violate the law of respect for
privacy and create problems.
Deliverables
At the end of this research, our deliverable will be an
interview with 5 questions from women of different ages. So,
by the end of the research, we will have 24 recorded data that
should be analyzed.
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A., Varshney, D., & Dagur, A. (2018). To analyze consumer
satisfaction level in digital content marketing with emphasis on
shopping website.International Journal of Engineering
&Technology, 7 (3.12), 637-642.
53. 1
RSCH 600 Research Proposal writing
RESEARCH PROPOSAL - PART 1: INTRODUCTION,
REVIEW OF LITERATURE, PROBLEM STATEMENT,
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Due at the end of week 6 (Sunday May 23, 2021 at midnight)
You need to conduct some research related to your own interests
or to serve the interests of some organization
(employer/client/sponsor). Before you start writing a formal
proposal, you (or your employer/client/sponsor) would like to
gather some information about the problem as well as
understand its importance.
Choose your research topic thoughtfully and submit the topic of
your research proposal for approval the latest by the end of
Week 2 (Sunday April 25, 2021 at midnight). You can find the
submission box in Week 2.
This part of your research proposal should be roughly 7-9 pages
(excluding cover page, references and annex) and written
in paragraphs, report format. All citations and references for
this course are to be done in the APA style.
HERE ARE THE KEY PARTS OF THIS PART OF THE
PROPOSAL (PART 1):
54. Title of your research
Make it intriguing – (BUT LESS THAN 120 CHARACTERS)
Introduction/Background
Provide a brief description of what the proposed research topic
is about, why is it important and how you came to be
interested in it.
Literature Review
The purpose of this assignment is to develop skills in finding
and analyzing valid literary resources for your research.
The review should be written in an integral / synthetic style,
and NOT as an annotated bibliography.
Please note: Use in-text citations to reference all ideas,
concepts, text, and data that are not your own. If you make a
statement, back it up with a reference!
• Research a minimum of 15 relevant business-related literature
sources (focus on material available in digital
format only for this course). Carefully choose your 15 "keepers"
that are clearly related to your study. (Note: you
might need to find 30 to “keep” only 15).
• Identify major common themes encountered in the selected
literature sources. For each theme, create its own
subsection within the literature review.
• For each theme / subsection of the literature review, explain
the opinions of the authors and show their
similarities, differences, methods of acquisition of data,
methods of data analysis and other pertinent information.
State how the reviewed research results relate to your proposed
study.
55. • Identify the gaps in the literature and explain what needs to be
done to move forward in your research.
Statement of the Problem
Detail the problem that you are considering. Explain:
• How are you defining and delimiting the specific area of the
research?
• What is the gap that will be addressed by this research?
• What it is that you hope to learn by conducting this research?
• Discuss the anticipated outcomes and benefits to the
researcher, the organization, or society.
Research Questions
Provide focused research questions for your planned research.
Also provide a back-up question in case the first one does
not pan out. Make sure you address the following questions:
• What is the scope of your research?
• Is the scope of your research question reasonable?
2
RESEARCH PROPOSAL - PART 2: Research Methods
Due in week 10 (Wednesday, June 16, 2021 midnight)
The purpose of the assignment is to develop skills associated
with selecting and applying methods for data collection,
56. qualitative data analysis, stationary and time series data
analysis and hypothesis testing.
Note: Part A and E are common to all Research Approaches.
Use only the relevant parts to your research method from Part
B to Part D.
A. Data collection
Identify the sources that will offer the information that you
need to answer the research question (journals, books,
internet resources, government documents, people, etc).
1. What data do you plan to acquire to answer your research
question? Why? What kinds of instruments,
variables, materials, or sources will you use (i.e. will you use
observations, surveys, interviews, case studies,
focus groups, experiments, documents, media, data base
searches, etc.)? If you plan to use mixed methods,
will they be sequential, concurrent or transformative? Why?
2. List the kinds of data/information that you plan to collect
(e.g. testimonials, statistics, business/government
reports, other research data, audio/video recordings, etc.). Also,
consider two or three alternative ways you
could gather data/information for this research.
3. If you plan to use research participants, where will they come
from? How will they be sampled? How many
participants will you require? If you are not using research
participants, who will you use as the target audience
of your data? Who would most benefit from your research, and
why?
4. Business research topics relate to events that develop in time.
57. • Explain how would you acquire a snapshot of data relevant to
your research question. Within the
snapshot, the data become effectively stationary.
• Consider the evolution of data with time. How would you
acquire the time series data relevant to
your research question?
5. What ethical issues will your research project present? What
biases might you bring to the research and how
will you address that bias?
B. Analysis of stationary data
1. What method will you choose to analyze the stationary data
that you plan to collect?
2. Has this method of data analysis been applied in similar
situations by other authors? Include references and
illustrations from the literature to show the advantages and
disadvantages of the method.
3. Annex a worked out example of application of the method
using simulated or previously published data.
4. How will you validate your findings/conclusions?
C. Testing hypotheses
1. State you hypotheses.
2. Explain whether your hypotheses will be tested using
frequentist or Bayesian approach, and justify the choice.
3. Have similar hypotheses been tested by other authors?
Include references and illustrations from the literature.
4. Annex a worked out example of hypothesis testing using
simulated or previously published data.
58. D. Analysis and forecasting of time series
1. What method will you choose to analyze and forecast the
time series data that you plan to collect?
2. Have these methods of data analysis and forecasting been
applied in similar situations by other authors?
Include references and illustrations from the literature to show
their advantages and disadvantages.
3. Annex a worked out examples of analysis and forecasting
using simulated or previously published data.
4. How will you validate your findings/conclusions?
E. Timetable and Budget
1. Provide a plan (timetable) of the major research activities (on
weekly or monthly basis)
2. Provide a budget estimate for all eligible expenses of the
proposed research
3
Grading Rubric for Papers
59. The followings are 3 criteria that are used in marking your
written papers:
❖ Content/Development that includes:
Subject Matter --
• Key elements of assignments covered
• Content is comprehensive/accurate/persuasive
• Displays an understanding of the relevant theory
• Major points supported by specific details/samples
Higher-Order Thinking --
• Writer compares/contrasts/i ntegrates theory/subject matter
with work environment/experience
• At an appropriate level, the writer analyzes and synthesizes
theory/practice to develop new ideas and
ways of conceptualizing and performing
❖ Organizing includes:
• Central theme/purpose is immediately clear
• The structure is clear, logical and easy to follow
60. ❖ Style/Mechanics that includes:
Format
• Properly cites ideas/info from other sources
• Paper is neat/shows attention to detail
Grammar/Punctuation/Spelling
• Rules of grammar, usage, punctuation are followed
• Spelling is correct
Readability/Style
• Sentences are complete, clear, and concise
• Sentences are well-constructed with consistently strong,
varied structure
• Transitions between sentences/paragraphs/sections help
maintain the flow of thought
• Words used are precise and unambiguous
• The tone is appropriate to the audience, content, and
assignment
4
61. Checklist for Term paper 1
Note that this checklist is not to replace the Assignment
Guideline mentioned in page 1. This
checklist is designed to elaborate on the key points of the term
paper.
Please make sure that you addressed the following questions
before submitting your term paper:
• General:
☐Did I strictly follow the APA style (font size, spacing,
citation, paragraph structures, list of
references, etc.)?
☐ Did I meet the minimum page requirement (7—9 pages,
excluding title page, table of contents,
references, and annexes)?
• Topic:
☐ Is the topic less than 120 characters but not too short?
☐ Is the topic clear enough to explain the proposed study?
• Introduction:
☐ Does the introduction part address the five components of the
62. introduction of a proposal (one
paragraph for each)?
• Literature review:
☐ Did I write 5 - 7 pages?
☐ Did I use only peer-reviewed journal articles and books as the
main source of information?
☐ Did I review and summarized at least 15 relevant article
journals/books related to the study
topic?
☐ Is there a logical flow of ideas/concepts in the literature
review?
☐ Did I write a clear literature gap/s or literature deficiency?
• Statement of the problem
☐ Does the statement justify the problem properly?
• Research question
☐ Are the research questions (in qualitative or quantitative
methods) and research questions or
hypotheses (in quantitative and mixed methods) clear enough to
be answered at the later stage
63. of the research?
5
Checklist for Term paper 2
This checklist is designed to elaborate on the key points of the
term paper mentioned in page 2.
• General:
o You research method should be either quantitative or mixed
method.
o No page limit but strictly follow the APA style
o Submit Term Paper 2 in Turnitin. No need to include your
Part one here.
o On the same day, submit the upgrade version of Term Paper 1
through Dropbox (email).
• Data Collection:
o What type of data and Why you choose that type of data?
▪ What kinds of instruments
▪ Identify the sources information
▪ If you plan to use mixed methods, which type and Why?
o List the kinds of data. Consider 2 or 3 alternative ways you
64. could gather data
o If you plan to use research participants, where will they come
from? Sampling Techniques?
How many participants?
o If no research participants, who will be the target audience?
Who would most benefit from
your research, and why?
o If your research topic is related to events that develop in time
(time-series data only).
• Explain how you would acquire a snapshot of data
• How would you acquire the time series data relevant to your
research question?
o What are ethical issues and biases will your research project
present? (You don’t need to
explain how will you address it)
• Analysis of (stationary) data:
o What method will you choose to analyze ?
o If the method of data analysis you choose been applied in
similar situations by other authors include
references and illustrations
o Annex a worked-out example of the application of the method
using published data (Optional).
o How will you validate your findings/conclusions?
65. • Testing Hypothesis
o State your null hypothesis ONLY.
o What is your approach (frequentist or Bayesian)? and justify
the choice.
o Have similar hypotheses been tested by other authors? If yes,
include references.
o Annex a worked-out example of hypothesis testing using
previously published data (Optional).
• Analysis and forecasting of time series
o What method will you choose to analyze?
o If these methods of data analysis and forecasting been applied
in similar situations by other
authors include references
o Annex worked-out examples of analysis & forecasting using
previously published data (Optional).
o How will you validate your findings/conclusions?
• Timetable and Budget Plan
o Show the timetable for major activities on weekly or monthly
basis.
o Show your budget plan for research related expenses.