The document provides an overview of microprocessor architecture and the Intel 8085 microprocessor. It discusses that a microprocessor can be programmed to perform functions on data by writing instructions to memory. The microprocessor reads one instruction at a time to perform the specified data manipulation, storing results back in memory or displaying them. It then describes the architecture of the Intel 8085, including its 16-bit address bus, 8-bit bi-directional data bus, and control bus composed of single-bit signals. The document also outlines different types of microprocessor operations like memory reads/writes and I/O reads/writes, as well as internal operations involving registers, accumulators, and flags.

1. INTRODUCTION OF
-PROCESSOR PART II
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2.  What is the Microprocessor
Hist0ry
Capable of doing
PREVIOUSLY
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3. NEXT
Microprocessor
Architecture
Intel 8085 processor
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4. CONTENT
Microprocessor Architecture
The 8085 Architecture
OperationTypes in a Microprocessor
Reference
Conclusion
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5. The microprocessor can be programmed to
perform functions on given data by writing specific
instructions into its memory.
 The microprocessor reads one instruction at a time,
matches it with its instruction set, and performs the data
manipulation specified.
 The result is either stored back into memory or displayed
on an output device.
Microprocessor Architecture
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6. The 8085 Architecture
8085
The address bus
The data bus
The control bus
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7. 16 bits wide (A0 A1…A15)
 Therefore, the 8085 can access a total of 64K addresses.
Unidirectional
 Information flows out of the microprocessor and into the memory or
peripherals.
When the 8085 wants to access a peripheral or a memory
location, it places the 16-bit address on the address bus and
then sends the appropriate control signals.
The Address Bus
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8. 8 bits wide (D0 D1…D7)
Bi-directional
 Information flows both ways between the microprocessor and memory or
I/O.
The 8085 uses the data bus to transfer the binary
information.
Since the data bus has 8-bits only, then the 8085 can
manipulate data 8 bits at-a-time only.
The Data Bus
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9. There is no real control bus. Instead, the control bus
is made up of a number of single bit control signals.
Which is essential to control the direction of data
flow on the bi-directional data bus and to differentiate
between I/O address and a memory address.
The Control Bus
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10. 8085 BUS Structure
D7-D0
8085
System
A15-A0
Memory
Input
Output
Address bus
Control bus
Data bus
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11. Operation Types in a Microprocessor
Operation type
Microprocessor-
Initiated
Operations
Internal
Operations
Peripheral-
Initiated
Operations
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12. These are operations that the microprocessor
itself starts.
These are usually one of 4 operations:
Memory Read
MemoryWrite
I/O Read (Get data from an input device)
I/O write (Send data to an output device)
Microprocessor-Initiated Operations
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13. It is important to note that the microprocessor
treats memory and I/O devices the same way.
 Input and output devices simply look like memory
locations to the microprocessor.
 The communication process between the
microprocessor and peripheral devices consist of the
following three steps:
Identify the address.
Transfer the binary information.
Provide the right timing signals.
Microprocessor-Initiated Operations
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14. The 8085 can perform a number of internal operations. Such
as: storing data, Arithmetic & Logic operations,Testing for
condition, etc.
 To perform these operations, the microprocessor needs an internal
architecture similar to the following:
Internal Data Operations
Accumulator Flags
B C
D E
H L
Program Counter
Stack Pointer
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8
DataAddress
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15. Registers
 Six general purpose registers used to store 8-bit data during a program
execution
 The registers are identified as B, C, D, E, H, and L
 They can be combined as register pairs: BC, DE, and HL to perform 16-bit
operations
Accumulator
 8-bit register that is part of the ALU
 Used to store 8-bit data and in performing 8-bit arithmetic and logical
operations, and in storing the results of operations
Internal Data Operations
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16. Reference
http://www.tutorsglobe.com/homework-
help/microprocessor-asignment-help-73766.aspx
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
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17. PRESENTED BY:Tharindu Darshana
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Student at Open University of Sri Lanka , Faculty of EngineeringTechnology