The Industrial Revolution, spanning from 1750 to 1850, marked a significant transition from an agriculture-based economy to machine-based manufacturing, primarily beginning in the United Kingdom. This era introduced numerous inventions that transformed various industries, improved productivity, and led to urban migration for job opportunities, while also resulting in considerable environmental changes and social upheaval. Innovations in transportation, manufacturing processes, and chemistry played pivotal roles in shaping modern industry and urban life.

2. •The Industrial Revolution Era was began
from year 1750 to 1850.
•Changes in agriculture, manufacturing,
mining, transportation, and technology
sectors.
•Began in the United Kingdom, then
spread to the whole Europe.
•The first major turning point in
industrial field were began from The
Industrial Revolution.
•The transition from an agricultural-
Based economy to towards machine-
based manufacturing make peoples from
countryside came to big cities for looking
a job.
•The First Industrial Revolution, which
began in around 1750 that merged into
the Second Industrial Revolution around
1850, when the technological and
economic progress

3.  methods of manufacturing
 the way people made a living
 the products available to them
 It began in England because of strategic place and
potential for the transport development, inter-regional
flows of business and integration of a national
economy.

4.  introduced many inventions, especially in the
textile industry.
 mills became the premises to the manufacturer
for the organization of human labor in factories
 Cottonopolis, the name given to the vast
collection of cotton mills, factories and
administration offices

5.  Agricultural Revolution began by the invention
of machinery that played a big part in driving
forward the British to add prosperity in
country.
 played a part in freeing up labor from the land
to work in the new industrial mills of the 18th
century
 increased food production with ever fewer
laborers for commercial purposes.
 Jethro Tull's was invented
Cont…

6.  Later inventions such as the power loom and Richard
Trevithick's high pressure steam engines were also
important in the growing industrialization of Britain.
 First change in Europe during the Industrial
Revolution in the 18th century is the introduction of
the new technology to improve the productivity of
goods to more efficiently and effectively.
 Until the 18th century, the manufacturing of cloth was
done by hand making and low productivity.
 In 1733, the introduction of the “fly shuttle” by John
Kay of Blackburn, enabled one weaver to do the work
previously carried out by two men

7.  In 1767, James Hargreaves of Oswald twistle,
Lancashire introduced the spinning jenny, which
increased the amount of cotton yarn that could be
spun.
 In 1769, Richard Arkwright introduced the water
frame, which produced stronger warp yarn.

8.  1779, Samuel Crompton combined the jenny and the
water frame into one machine called the mule with
using water power.
 It produces more productivity of goods but in the
factory, also needed a quarter of million handloom
weavers to work to operate it.
 In 1763, James Watt invented the steam engine
 the steam engine was became the king of the
industries to produce more goods.

9.  minerals industries also had a machine to help in
mining iron and coal.
 1695, Thomas Savery introduced a steam pump.
 Thomas Newcomen created engine steam pumps
in 1720s but it tended to overheat and rather
cumbersome because of their large beam.
 After that James Watt partnered with Matthew
Boulton to introduce better steam pump.
 It help a lot in mining minerals.

10.  Replacement of organic fuels based on wood to
the fossil fuel based on coal was a major change
in the metal industries.
 Improvements in machine tools allowed better
working of iron and steel and boosted the
industrial growth of Britain.

11.  Gas lighting was introduced later by William
Murdoch.
 This invention allowed the night life to flourish
in cities and towns as interiors and streets
could be lighted on a larger scale than before.

12.  Nicholas Louis Robert invented the Fourdriner.
 The Fourdriner effects the printing of books
and others became more cheaper than before.

13.  New method of producing glass known as the
cylinder process was developed in Europe
during the early 19th century.
 Improved the quality of glass.

14.  The use of new mineral sources of energy in
the country has change.
 The large scale of chemicals production was
important.
 In 1824 Joseph Aspdin patented a chemical
process for making portland cement which was
important advance in the building trade.
 After 1860, scientist focus on chemical
innovation was in dyestuffs, and Germany tok
world leadrship, building a strong chemical
industry.

15.  At the beginning of industrial revolution, as industries expanded
in the country, the transportation must be upgrade.
 Canal was the first technology to allow bulk materials to be easily
transported across the country.
 By 1820s, a national network was in existence to the movements of
goods
 The original British road system was poorly maintain.
 Stage coaches carried the rich from the goods.
 Wagon ways for moving coal in the mining area starting in 17th
century
 1825, steam-hauled public railways began with the Stockton and
Darlington railway and the liverpool and manchester railway in
1830.
 Railways is very important in Britain country because it helped
Britain’s trade enormously, providing a quick and easy way of
transport and an easy way to transport mail and news.

16.  Industrialization led to the creation of the factory.
 In sixteenth century, businessmen began employing
families in the countryside to spin and weave.
 The first factory was John Lombe’s water-powered silk
milk at Derby, operational by 1721.
 The factory system was largely responsible for the rise
of the modern city.
 Poor children and woman were emigrated from rural
area towards urban area to become labor.
 Some of the good industrialist themselves tried to
improve factory and living condition for their workers.

17.  New political system had introduced out during
the Industrial Revolution.
 The dissent and insubordination of the English
workingmen reached its peak in the mid 19th
century
 The Charter called for several changes to the
Parliamentary system.
 Chartism rapidly gained a lot of support among
the poorer classes in Northern England.
 In July 1839, position to parliament was rejected,
and most of the movement’s leaders were arrested.
 In 1840, O’Conner attempted to revive Chartism,
but people had generally lost interest.

18.  The steam was made by burning coal to heat
water because the burning coal produces a lot
of dirty, black smoke.
 Transport of train also produced a lot of ashes
and dust.
 The pollution began make the people easily
inject by disease.

19.  the knowledge of innovation was spread by several means.
 European countries and America engaged in study-touring
some nations, like Sweden and France.
 Besides that, in other countries, notably Britain and
America, this practice was carried out by individual
manufacturers.
 There were publications describing technology that can use
to improve the quality and quantity in producing the goods.
 In the last decade of the 18th century, the periodical
publications about manufacturing and technology began to
appear and many regularly included notice of the latest
patents.
 people can learn more rational knowledge that use in life
after the Renaissance happened.

20.  The Industrial Revolution is the biggest effect to the
environment to all countries.
 It happens because of the agrarians sector of the
country became bigger and enough to the need to local
people so the country sells the remaining to the other
countries.
 It come a new revolution and it as known as Industrial
Revolution.
 In this revolution, some of the people try to invent
something that can helps in the productivity in the
industries.
 this revolution makes our life change a lot of our
environment whether in culture, education, politics
and others.