The document discusses the key events of the Industrial Revolution in England during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Major inventions like the spinning jenny, water frame, and steam engine automated textile manufacturing. Abraham Darby's use of coal instead of charcoal for smelting iron revolutionized the iron industry. Transportation infrastructure like canals, toll roads built by engineers like Telford and Macadam, and later railroads further drove industrialization. The Industrial Revolution transformed England into the world's workshop but also led to exploitation of workers and child labor as well as pollution problems.

1. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
VIVEKANANDHA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE
FOR WOMENS
BY:
M.KASTHURI
1-B. A ENGLISH

2. THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
During the late 18th century and the early 19th century
Several changes the took place in England and a few
Other countries in the field of Industry .There were
Many inventions in science and technology led to
Industrial Revolution .

3. Reson for Industrial revolution started
In england:
Lot of labours at a cheap rate
 plenty of capital was available for starting necessary
in frastraictual facilites.
 war wasliterally absent and there wa s peacein internal
matters.
The coal and iron mines nearer to the industrial sites.
England colonies supplied raw materials cheaply to
England.

4. Revolution in the Cotton Industry :
o 1773 John kay Of landshire invented
his Flying shuttle . It Increased the
spead of weaving.
 It allowed a single weaver to weave
much wider fabrics and it could be
mechanized , allowing for automatic
machine looms.

5. John kay Flying shuttle

6. o The first power looms were worked by water .
In 1785 , Watt’s steam engines were in
cotton mills . It increase and improve
many inventions .
 A steam Engine is a Heat Engine
that perfoms machine work steam as
its working fluit.

7. James Watt’s Steam Engine

8. o Har greaves invented the mulitiple spinning
‘Jenny’. It made it possible for one man to
work a hundred spindless stimuiltaneously.

9. o RichardArkwright’s Spinning Frame was
an improved of Jenny.
“ The water frame”

10. oThe Cromepton’ Mule invented a few years
later compined the merits of both Hargrease’s
and Arkwright’s machines.

11. Revolution in the coal and Iron industry :
 At firstTimper orWood Chacoal was
used to smelt Iron Ore and get pure
Iron out of it.
 In 1709 Abrabam Darby discoverd that
Cake could be used more. Effectively
instead of Charcoal in the smelting
process.

12.  The Produting of Iron rose from 15,000
tons to over 2,50,000 tons in 1806 .This
revolution in the Iron Industry led to the
developments of coal fields inYorkshire
and Landcashire.
 The steam engine was discoverd by John
Wilkinson in 1776 . It was later improved
upon by James Watt by 1800 .The steam
power replaced the water power.

13. Revolution in Transport :
The 18th century witnessed stupendous
changes in transport .Charles II erected
tollgates to repair the roads.
 The 18th century produced three great
road engineers MeteafeTelford and
Macadam . Met Cafe was a blind man .
he deseinged many roads in Landshire .

14.  ThomasTelford constructed the longest
suspension bridge in England over the
Menal straits.
 Macadam invented an entirely new
process of road making in 1810 bridge
water and brindly construted many
canals.

15. Canal

16. Results of the Industrial Revolution :
The Industrial Revolution revolutioned
all industries in england became
“TheWorkshop of theWorld ”
The Industrial Revolution led to the
insensate exploitation of workers by
capitalists.

17. “Upstairs”/“Downstairs” Life

18. 19c Bourgeoisie:
The Industrial NouveauRiche

19. Sterotype of factory owner

20. Child labours in the
mines
Child “hurries”

21. Problem of pollution

22. THE END
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