This document discusses key issues and policies related to Indian agriculture. It outlines three main goals: 1) achieving 4% agricultural growth to raise incomes through productivity increases and diversification, 2) promoting inclusive growth for small farmers and lagging regions, and 3) maintaining sustainability. Several challenges are also discussed, including low productivity, declining farm sizes, and climate change impacts. The document then examines seven policy topics in depth: macroeconomic policies, transforming agriculture through links to industry, ensuring sustainable food production, improving agricultural markets and trade, building resilience, developing healthy food systems, and strengthening institutions and governance. Throughout, the document emphasizes the importance of sensible policies and innovations to address the needs of small farmers and achieve the three overarching goals
INTRODUCTION - AGRICULTURE IN INDIA - INDIA IN WORLD OF AGRICULTURE - ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIAN ECONOMY - PROVISION FOR FOOD GRAINS - SOURCE OF REVENUE FOR THE GOVERNMENT - GREEN REVOLUTION - GREEN REVELATION EFFECTS
Conservation agriculture for resource use efficiency and sustainability BASIX
The Green Revolution era focused on enhancing the production and productivity of crops. New challenges demand that the issues of efficient resource use and resource conservation receive high priority to ensure that past gains can be sustained and further enhanced to meet the emerging needs. Extending some of the resource-conserving interventions developed for the agricultural crops are the major challenges for researchers and farmers alike. The present paper shares recent research experiences on resource conservation technologies involving tillage and crop establishment options and associated agronomic practices which enable farmers in reducing production costs, increase profitability and help them move forward in the direction of adopting conservation agriculture.
Launch of the Southeast Asia office of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security http://ccafs.cgiar.org
7 May 2013, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Presentation by Bruce Campbell, CCAFS Program Director
INTRODUCTION - AGRICULTURE IN INDIA - INDIA IN WORLD OF AGRICULTURE - ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIAN ECONOMY - PROVISION FOR FOOD GRAINS - SOURCE OF REVENUE FOR THE GOVERNMENT - GREEN REVOLUTION - GREEN REVELATION EFFECTS
Conservation agriculture for resource use efficiency and sustainability BASIX
The Green Revolution era focused on enhancing the production and productivity of crops. New challenges demand that the issues of efficient resource use and resource conservation receive high priority to ensure that past gains can be sustained and further enhanced to meet the emerging needs. Extending some of the resource-conserving interventions developed for the agricultural crops are the major challenges for researchers and farmers alike. The present paper shares recent research experiences on resource conservation technologies involving tillage and crop establishment options and associated agronomic practices which enable farmers in reducing production costs, increase profitability and help them move forward in the direction of adopting conservation agriculture.
Launch of the Southeast Asia office of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security http://ccafs.cgiar.org
7 May 2013, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Presentation by Bruce Campbell, CCAFS Program Director
This presentation highlights the overview and subsidiaries of the agro and food processing sector in India & Gujarat. It details the major initiatives taken up by the government in terms of policies as well as infrastructure to promote industries and investments in the sector.
The Green Revolution: Lessons for the FutureCIMMYT
Presentation delivered by Sir Gordon Conway (Imperial College London, UK) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
The agriculture sector employs nearly half of the workforce in the country. However, it contributes to 17.5% of the GDP (at current prices in 2015-16).Agriculture sector’s contribution has decreased from more than 50% of GDP in the 1950s to 15.4% in 2015-16 (at constant prices). This slides discuss about Indian agriculture status and problems and solutions.
Media Education through Open and Distance Learning in IndiaAnkuran Dutta
Media education has become an important area of study in the last two decades in India. There is a growing demand of skilled professionals in the media sectors, but the data displays that the demand is not met by the existing conventional system. In such a situation, open and distance learning can play a significant role to meet the demand of the skilled manpower. Hence, media education has been offering by educational institutions from school level to the research degrees. The National Institute of Open Schooling has about 75 vocational courses with the objectives to meet the need of the skilled manpower for the growing sectors of economy, to prepare students for self-reliance and to enhance individual employability . In addition to that media courses have also been offering by Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), 13 state open universities and a few of 150 dual mode universities at various levels. But what are the SWOT analyses on the media education through open and distance learning in India?
This presentation highlights the overview and subsidiaries of the agro and food processing sector in India & Gujarat. It details the major initiatives taken up by the government in terms of policies as well as infrastructure to promote industries and investments in the sector.
The Green Revolution: Lessons for the FutureCIMMYT
Presentation delivered by Sir Gordon Conway (Imperial College London, UK) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
The agriculture sector employs nearly half of the workforce in the country. However, it contributes to 17.5% of the GDP (at current prices in 2015-16).Agriculture sector’s contribution has decreased from more than 50% of GDP in the 1950s to 15.4% in 2015-16 (at constant prices). This slides discuss about Indian agriculture status and problems and solutions.
Media Education through Open and Distance Learning in IndiaAnkuran Dutta
Media education has become an important area of study in the last two decades in India. There is a growing demand of skilled professionals in the media sectors, but the data displays that the demand is not met by the existing conventional system. In such a situation, open and distance learning can play a significant role to meet the demand of the skilled manpower. Hence, media education has been offering by educational institutions from school level to the research degrees. The National Institute of Open Schooling has about 75 vocational courses with the objectives to meet the need of the skilled manpower for the growing sectors of economy, to prepare students for self-reliance and to enhance individual employability . In addition to that media courses have also been offering by Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), 13 state open universities and a few of 150 dual mode universities at various levels. But what are the SWOT analyses on the media education through open and distance learning in India?
The return of high food prices and the need to adapt to climate change have revived interest in agricultural technologies adapted to smallholders, in particular women. Sustainable intensification of smallholder production will require a shift to knowledge-intensive agriculture that combines local knowledge and the latest sustainability science to adapt practices to local ecosystems and increase resilience to climate change, price and other shocks. Poor farmers, often women, usually cultivate in more extreme environments in addition to being less connected to markets. A radical change in the focus of national agricultural plans and substantial investment are needed to unleash smallholder production potential, contributing to achieving MDGs and boosting food production to meet the 70% increase needed by 2050. A holistic approach is needed to raise productivity and resilience of agriculture and supporting ecosystems as well as the efficient and equitable functioning of agricultural supply chains.
This reduction in supply along with the support by a number of Government schemes, including MGNREGA has led to an escalation in farm wages which is adversely impacting the profitability of the farmer. Rural wages have been growing by 17% on average since 2006-07 outstripping urban wages. At the same time, the increase in wages, without an increase in productivity, is fueling inflation.
After independence, the focus of the Government of India was to frame the major policies based on equity along with growth in the agriculture sector. Being an agrarian country, many efforts been made towards economic and social stabilization over the past decades, but not much progress has been achieved in the growth of the agro industrial sector. Farmers lack access to adequate agricultural technology inputs, funding and commercial farming skills have put the quality under the threat. The productivity may be increasing, but better quality not been achieved. With the increase in agricultural production, there is a need to have the proportionate growth in the agro-processing industry. In the recent past most of the farmers are becoming real estate owners by giving their fertile land to edifice industry, because they are unable to meet the expenditure spent on cultivation, high rates of interests taken from landlords, commission agents, banks and financial institutions, few among them committed suicide, the rate of suicide cases was out of control. Government from time to time taking steps to eradicate the effects in agriculture but they confined only to paper. In Dharmapuri, Karimnagar District of Andhra Pradesh farmers came forward to start their own associations to meet their problems without government intervention. This paper focuses on the farmers those who became entrepreneurs to Agri-preneurs, studies about the profile of agricultural entrepreneurs i.e. agri-preneurs and their socio cultural background in Dharmapuri in Andhra Pradesh.
A Study on the Agriculture Sector and the Problems Associated with it which h...ijtsrd
Farmers are the main pillars of Indian economy and a source of food security for the whole nation. Farmers suicide has emerged as a serious problem today in India, each year thousands of farmers commit suicide due to lower income and heavy debt, they don't have access to market, new technologies and irritation facilities, their land is being taken away by private sectors, Contract farming, small holding of lands, climate change, food shortage, water, issues of droughts and floods have all affected the live of the farmers in a miserable way ,the income from cultivate is so low that they are now shifting from farms to non farms sector for earning, 76 of the farmers have left cultivation, marginalised and small holder farmers are the worst affected by it. The government has launched many schemes and brought in technology advancement still those facilities have not reduced the number of suicide cases, its growing at a rapid speed. Farmers today belongs to the most vulnerable section of the society. We need to all farmers access to the market, create better infrastructure and road connectivity followed by free health care and education provisions for the farmers and their families, special food package and medical insurance for farmers and their families. Dr. Sumanta Bhattacharya | Dr. Heera Lal | Bhavneet Kaur Sachdev "A Study on the Agriculture Sector and the Problems Associated with it which has an Impact on the Farmers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46464.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/46464/a-study-on-the-agriculture-sector-and-the-problems-associated-with-it-which-has-an-impact-on-the-farmers/dr-sumanta-bhattacharya
This particular ppt deals about the role of agriculture in indian economy.How agricultural marketing and green revolution had shown its impact.How organic farming might help in agricultural development.It also deals about different types of rural credit
IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON AGRICULTURESabir Shaikh
Indian agriculture has made rapid strides since Independence. In taking the annual food grains production from 51 million tonnes in early fifties to 206 million tonnes at the turn of the century, it has contributed significantly in achieving self-sufficiency in food and in avoiding food shortages.
Similar to IGIDR-IFPRI - Indian Agriculture Issues and Challenges, Prof Mahendra Dev (20)
The International Food Policy Research Institute – South Asia Regional Office (IFPRI-SAR) has extensively worked in Nepal on a wide range of policy issues in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Government of Nepal. The key outputs from this engagement have been published in a book, Agricultural Transformation in Nepal: Trends, Prospects and Policy Options. The book addresses some of the key strategic agricultural policy questions on major contemporary developments and emerging challenges in Nepal. The book also covers on issues leading to the changing role of agriculture with economic growth, structural transformation and poverty reduction, improvement in nutritional outcomes, as well as challenges of tackling climate change.
IFPRI South Asia researchers Devesh Roy, Ruchira Boss, Mamata Pradhan and Manmeet Ajmani presented ‘Understanding the landscape of pulse policy in India and implications for trade’ to the Global Pulse Federation. The paper examines Indian policy around production, consumption and trade. The need for pulse trade policy in India to be supportive of Domestic priorities focused on serving interest of both India’s farmers and consumers.
More from International Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office (20)
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
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How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. Some good things on agriculture
Good things and concerns. Good things first
Economic survey says 4.1% during 11th plan
period. Last year 4.7%
Total foodgrain production 264.4 mil.ton in 2013-14.
Pulses 19.6 mil tons. Exports rose. Terms of trade.
Both public and private investment in agri
increased. Total investment 21% of agri GDP
Large expenditures on programs like RKVY, NHM,
NFSM and ATMA
On technology, well known cotton, hybrid maize
Diversification to high value: Horticulture 30%, l
Recognition of climate change issues
High growth in rainfed. e.g. Gujarat etc.
3. States 1994/95 to
1999/00 SDP gr
2000/01 to
2004/05 SDP gr
2005/06 to
2011/12 SDP gr
All India agri
GDP
3.3 1.7 3.7
High irriga.
States
3.2 1.7 2.7
Medium irrig
state
1.8 3.1 4.2
Low irrig States 2.8 1.5 4.5
High prod.
States
2.9 2.5 2.1
Medium prod
state
2.4 2.1 3.7
Low prod States 2.6 2.5 5.1
Source: 12th Five year plan document
Low prod. and low irrigation states recorded high growth.
4. Challenges in Agriculture
Concerns and challenges in Agriculture
-- Long term growth is still 2.5 per cent per annum.
-- India Productivity levels are still low compared to other
countries
-- 21% agri. investment led to only 3 to 3.5% growth
now. High capital output ratio of 7:1 low efficiency
-- cost of cultivation increased. Profitability declined
--Green Revolution technology have less impact on dry
land and rainfed areas. Also, yield growth plateaued in
the irrigated areas.
-- Yield gap in known technologies. Technology fatigue
-- Food inflation still 8 to 9%. Changing consumption
patterns. Shortage of non-cereals: pulses, oilseeds
etc. Demand for livestock, fish, meat increasing.
5. Challenges in Indian agriculture
land degradation, water logging, soil quality problems.
Long term factors: Steeper decline in per capita land
availability. Shrinking of farm size
In 2010-11, share in total holdings
-Marginal farmers 67.04%, Small farmers 17.93%
-- Small and marginal farmers together 85%
-- Medium 4.25%; Large 0.73%
Raising productivity of small farmers is a challenge
Slow reduction in share of employment (still 48%)
Marketing is the main problem for farmers particularly
for small farmers.
How to improve agriculture marketing is a challenge.
Climate change problems are emerging issues
6. Three Goals of Agricultural Development
1.Achieve 4% growth in agriculture and raise
incomes. Increasing productivity (land, labor, total
factor productivity), diversification to high value
agri. and rural non-farm by maintaining food
security. Higher growth has to come from non-
cereals crops like fruits, vegetables and allied
activities like dairy, meat and fish.
2.Second goal is inclusive growth and equity: focus
on small and marginal farmers, lagging regions,
women etc. Share of women is increasing in agri.
On lagging regions, focus on Eastern India and
other rainfed areas.
3. Third is to maintain sustainability of agri. by
focusing on environmental concerns including
climate change issues.
7. 1. Macro level agricultural policies
Now I shift to the topics of the conference
Macro level agricultural policies are crucial for
agricultural development (e.g. investment
policy)
It would also be interesting to look at different
policy choices and impact on agri.
In analysing agri development, we examine
only agri policies.
Macro policies ,monetary, fiscal, trade,
industrial etc. are equally important for
agriculture.
For example, fiscal policy may decide how much
agricultural investments have to be made.
8. 2. Transforming agriculture
First one is how to transform low income agri to high
income agriculture
Second, how to link transforming agri. to industry
and services. Although
For example, take agro processing :India ranks first
or second in world production of fruits and
vegetables. Only 10% of this is processed as
against 30% in China, 78% in Phillippines
Parikh et al study looked at the changes in structure
of food consumption over 2007 to 2039 with CGE .
Their study shows that high value products
constitute almost two-thirds of the total food
consumption exp. by 2039 with right policies
Milk products alone will have 31% share.
9. Transforming agriculture (contd.)
Need for growth in non-agriculture also for
transformation of agriculture.
Some say (like T.N. Srinivasan) solution for
agriculture lies in growth of non-agriculture
in order to absorb labour
Poverty can not be removed with 48% of
workers in agri. promote labour intensive
manufacture and rural non-farm
Even in 2011-12, around 78 per cent of rural
female, 56 per cent of rural males, 47 per cent of
urban females and 30 per cent of urban males
are either illiterate or have been educated upto
primary level.
Need for higher education and skills
10. Changing Face of Rural India
Significant changes in rural areas.
Increased connectivity, rise in public employment,
increase in expenditure on social protection like
MGNREGA, panchayat raj as power centres (Vyas,
2013), education, migration and remittances.
Significant rise in rural occupational diversification
Male Female
93/94 2011/12 93/94 2012/12
Agri 74.0 59.4 86.2 74.9
Manufa 7.0 8.2 7.1 9.8
Constru 3.2 13.0 0.8 6.6
Services 14.8 18.3 5.6 8.3
11. Importance Non-agri. income in rural areas:
Bihar village study (%) (Alakh & Gerry)
Caste Own
agri.
prod.
Wage
in agri
All
agri
incom
e
Non-
agri
own
prod
Casua
l wage
in
non-
agri
Regul
ar
emplo
incom
e
Other
incom
e
remitt
ances
Brahmi
n/kaya
32.7 0.2 33.0 10.5 0.5 13.1 23.0 20.0
Bhumi
har/ka
24.8 0.1 24.9 6.1 0.3 19.6 13.7 35.4
Kurmi 19.0 1.9 20.8 12.8 1.9 27.3 25.1 12.0
Yadav 45.4 2.2 47.6 8.4 2.4 10.0 14.0 17.6
Koeri 13.1 0.6 13.7 50.3 0.2 3.1 6.2 26.5
OBCII 14.2 1.3 15.5 32.0 9.9 14.4 10.9 17.4
OBCI 20.5 7.7 28.3 9.7 10.1 7.0 11.8 33.1
SC/ST 11.8 9.2 21.0 4.3 18.0 6.9 16.7 33.0
Muslim 18.8 3.9 22.7 4.4 15.8 7.6 16.9 32.5
Total 22.3 4.2 26.5 10.7 8.2 10.6 16.0 28.0
12. 3. Ensuring Sustainable Food Production
Sustainability issue is becoming important. Even
at global level sustainability development goals.
A crucial step is to provide farmers with a policy
environment that will make agricultural growth
more sustainable.
It also includes review of water, energy and
fertilizer subsidies that encourage unsustainable
resource use.
Particularly important encouraging agricultural
producers to adopt specific technologies that
increase agri productivity and enhance
environment sustainability.
13. Ensuring Sustainable Food Production
In India also we have to look at issues such as
energy, environment and natural resources.
For example, recent high growth during 11 th Five
Year Plan is due to high intensity of inputs. This is
not sustainable. We have to improve food
production with less intensive inputs and less
natural resources including organic farming.
Soil quality improvement is one of the major
issues; Many state governments have recognized
the need for improvement in soil health; similarly
water management.
We should have institutions, policies and
innovations that can improve sustainability.
14. 4. Markets and Trade
Over regulation of domestic trade, agro
processing, enterprise size, and land and credit
market can discourage private investment.
There is a need for consistent policies regarding
domestic and international trade.
There is need for long term policy on exports
and futures markets. Frequent export bans.
Reducing inflation: Some of the measures
needed are : (a) reducing cereal stocks; (b)
diversification (c) marketing reforms (d) post-
harvest handling (e) fiscal and monetary policies
(f) opening trade (g) better information system
15. Markets and Trade
Marketing: Look at farm-to-fork value chain. Higher
prices for farmers and low prices for consumers
The Economic Survey indicates the following
reforms needed for a national common market
--Examine the APMC Act, EC Act, Land Tenancy Act
which are restrictive and barriers to free trade
--Pursue direct marketing and contract farming
-- Examine inclusion of agri related taxes under GST
-- Establish stable trade policy based on tariff
interventions instead of non-tariff trade barriers
-- Develop and initiate competition in the agro
processing sector. Incentivize the private sector to
scale up investment
16. 5. Building Resilience
Resilience is becoming is an important area for
research and policy. Recently, IFPRI organized
2020 conference on resilience at Addis Ababa
Natural disasters, conflicts, financial crisis, volatile
food prices have hit poor people hard in several
countries in the last decade including India.
We will have increasing shocks in future. Risk and
vulnerability is rising in agriculture
Resilience means recovery and improve well
being and not just recovery.
We have to identify policies and instruments for
managing risk and building resilience for
individuals, communities, states, regions and
ecosystems.
17. Building Resilience
E.g. Agricultural insurance. It has not worked
effectively in India. Better methods are required
Climate smart agriculture: Emerging area of research
and policy
There is some improvement in resilience of countries.
For example, Bangladesh, India, Ethiopia.
The 1991 cyclone in Bangladesh killed 138,000
people. 2007 cyclone killed 2000 lives
In Ethiopia severe droughts. 2011 had worst drought
in 60 years. The drought effect is mitigated by Ethiopia
Productive Safety net program
Some improvement in India. Better in 2009 and 2012
droughts compared to 2003
But, long way to go for resilience many parts of India
18. 6. Healthy Food Systems
Food safety is becoming an important issue for
countries like India.
In other countries too: e.g. Food safety was
headlines in China in 2013 with reports Of
China’s rice supplies containing excessive levels
of cadmium which could induce multiple organ
damage.
How to make food safer and nutritious along the
value chain?
More nutritious foods like animal sources, fruits
and vegetables have more food safety
problems. Others: Maize, groundnut, sorghum
aflatoxin problems.
19. Healthy Food systems
Notwithstanding the focus on market-based
solutions, it is likely that specific, well-targeted
interventions will be required to support poor
people on food safety
The targeting should consider opportunities for
groups of poor people to benefit (including
comparative advantage for certain foods such as
dairy or vegetables
Livestock sector should also be focused to help
the poor regarding food safety.
Also look at water, sanitation and hygiene etc.
Agriculture, nutrition, health linkages are
becoming important for research and policy.
20. 7. Institutions and Governance
Political economy of agricultural policy making
Subsidies vs. investments
Food subsidies and grain management
Fertilizer subsidies
Collective action for managing natural resources
and water management
Institutions and governance for effective delivery
systems in public services
Governance is important for all policies of
agricultural sector.
21. Institutions for Small farmers
One of the example is the need for institutions for
viability and sustainability of small farmers.
Small farmers have difficulties to access inputs,
credit and extension or to market their output.
Many institutional innovations are coming up to link
small farmers to high value agriculture and help
increasing their productivity and marketing.
ICT revolution in India is also helping small farmers
with information, input supplies and marketing
12th plan focuses on Farmer producer organizations
Unless we increase their incomes, agri will not be
sustainable for them.
22. Conclusion
Among the three goals of agriculture (growth, sharing
growth and sustainability), Sustainability and climate
change issues are going to be important in future. Role
of women crucial in all the three goals.
High productivity can be achieved but not with high input
intensity in agriculture.
Similarly viability of small holdings particularly marginal
holdings forming nearly 70% (with size of 0.39 ha) have
to be improved.
To face the challenges of achieving three goals of agri-
development, and covering the seven topics of the
conference, sensible policies are needed. Agriculture is
a state subject. State policies crucial.
The Indian farmer and Indian agriculture has never
let down a sensible policy regime