This document provides an overview of the I2C protocol. It describes that I2C was designed by Philips in the 1980s to allow communication between components on the same circuit board. It has since been migrated to NXP and expanded to support higher bus speeds and lower voltages. The document outlines the I2C architecture as a half-duplex, synchronous, multi-master bus using a serial data line and serial clock. It defines I2C nodes can function as a master or slave and transmit or receive data. Electrical characteristics, start/stop conditions, packet formats, clock stretching, arbitration and multi-byte transactions are also summarized.
I2C is a serial protocol for two-wire interface to connect low-speed devices like microcontrollers, EEPROMs, A/D and D/A converters, I/O interfaces and other similar peripherals in embedded systems.
This presentation discusses the details of the I2C protocol and interfacing of EEPROM with 8051 based on I2C protocol. It also discusses the other applications of I2C protocol
I2C is a serial protocol for two-wire interface to connect low-speed devices like microcontrollers, EEPROMs, A/D and D/A converters, I/O interfaces and other similar peripherals in embedded systems. It was invented by Philips and now it is used by almost all major IC manufacturers. Each I2C slave device needs an address – they must still be obtained from NXP (formerly Philips semiconductors).
I2C is a serial protocol for two-wire interface to connect low-speed devices like microcontrollers, EEPROMs, A/D and D/A converters, I/O interfaces and other similar peripherals in embedded systems.
This presentation discusses the details of the I2C protocol and interfacing of EEPROM with 8051 based on I2C protocol. It also discusses the other applications of I2C protocol
I2C is a serial protocol for two-wire interface to connect low-speed devices like microcontrollers, EEPROMs, A/D and D/A converters, I/O interfaces and other similar peripherals in embedded systems. It was invented by Philips and now it is used by almost all major IC manufacturers. Each I2C slave device needs an address – they must still be obtained from NXP (formerly Philips semiconductors).
AMBA AHB is a bus interface suitable for high-performance synthesizable designs. It defines the interface between components, such as masters, interconnects, and slaves.
I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit), pronounced I-squared-C, is a multi-master, multi-slave, single-ended, serial computer bus invented by Philips Semiconductor (now NXP Semiconductors). It is typically used for attaching lower-speed peripheral ICs to processors and microcontrollers. Alternatively I²C is spelled I2C (pronounced I-two-C) or IIC (pronounced I-I-C).
Since October 10, 2006, no licensing fees are required to implement the I²C protocol. However, fees are still required to obtain I²C slave addresses allocated by NXP.[1]
Several competitors, such as Siemens AG (later Infineon Technologies AG, now Intel mobile communications), NEC, Texas Instruments, STMicroelectronics (formerly SGS-Thomson), Motorola (later Freescale), and Intersil, have introduced compatible I²C products to the market since the mid-1990s.
SMBus, defined by Intel in 1995, is a subset of I²C that defines the protocols more strictly. One purpose of SMBus is to promote robustness and interoperability. Accordingly, modern I²C systems incorporate policies and rules from SMBus, sometimes supporting both I²C and SMBus, requiring only minimal reconfiguration.
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus is a synchronous serial communication interface specification used for short distance communication, primarily in embedded systems. The interface was developed by Motorola and has become a de facto standard. Typical applications include sensors, Secure Digital cards, and liquid crystal displays.
SPI devices communicate in full duplex mode using a master-slave architecture with a single master. The master device originates the frame for reading and writing. Multiple slave devices are supported through selection with individual slave select (SS) lines.
Sometimes SPI is called a four-wire serial bus, contrasting with three-, two-, and one-wire serial buses. The SPI may be accurately described as a synchronous serial interface,[1] but it is different from the Synchronous Serial Interface (SSI) protocol, which is also a four-wire synchronous serial communication protocol, but employs differential signaling and provides only a single simplex communication channel.
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is an interface bus commonly used to send data between microcontrollers and small peripherals such as shift registers, sensors, and SD cards.
The Advanced Peripheral Bus (APB) is part of the Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) protocol family. It defines a low-cost interface that is optimized for minimal power consumption and reduced interface complexity.
Serial peripheral Interface - Embedded System ProtocolAditya Porwal
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a synchronous serial data protocol used by micro-controllers for communicating with one or more peripheral devices quickly over short distances. It can also be used for communication between two micro-controllers.
AMBA AHB is a bus interface suitable for high-performance synthesizable designs. It defines the interface between components, such as masters, interconnects, and slaves.
I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit), pronounced I-squared-C, is a multi-master, multi-slave, single-ended, serial computer bus invented by Philips Semiconductor (now NXP Semiconductors). It is typically used for attaching lower-speed peripheral ICs to processors and microcontrollers. Alternatively I²C is spelled I2C (pronounced I-two-C) or IIC (pronounced I-I-C).
Since October 10, 2006, no licensing fees are required to implement the I²C protocol. However, fees are still required to obtain I²C slave addresses allocated by NXP.[1]
Several competitors, such as Siemens AG (later Infineon Technologies AG, now Intel mobile communications), NEC, Texas Instruments, STMicroelectronics (formerly SGS-Thomson), Motorola (later Freescale), and Intersil, have introduced compatible I²C products to the market since the mid-1990s.
SMBus, defined by Intel in 1995, is a subset of I²C that defines the protocols more strictly. One purpose of SMBus is to promote robustness and interoperability. Accordingly, modern I²C systems incorporate policies and rules from SMBus, sometimes supporting both I²C and SMBus, requiring only minimal reconfiguration.
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus is a synchronous serial communication interface specification used for short distance communication, primarily in embedded systems. The interface was developed by Motorola and has become a de facto standard. Typical applications include sensors, Secure Digital cards, and liquid crystal displays.
SPI devices communicate in full duplex mode using a master-slave architecture with a single master. The master device originates the frame for reading and writing. Multiple slave devices are supported through selection with individual slave select (SS) lines.
Sometimes SPI is called a four-wire serial bus, contrasting with three-, two-, and one-wire serial buses. The SPI may be accurately described as a synchronous serial interface,[1] but it is different from the Synchronous Serial Interface (SSI) protocol, which is also a four-wire synchronous serial communication protocol, but employs differential signaling and provides only a single simplex communication channel.
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is an interface bus commonly used to send data between microcontrollers and small peripherals such as shift registers, sensors, and SD cards.
The Advanced Peripheral Bus (APB) is part of the Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) protocol family. It defines a low-cost interface that is optimized for minimal power consumption and reduced interface complexity.
Serial peripheral Interface - Embedded System ProtocolAditya Porwal
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a synchronous serial data protocol used by micro-controllers for communicating with one or more peripheral devices quickly over short distances. It can also be used for communication between two micro-controllers.
SPI is a serial bus standard established by Motorola and supported in silicon products from various manufacturers.
It is a synchronous serial data link that operates in full duplex (signals carrying data go in both directions simultaneously).
Devices communicate using a master/slave relationship, in which the master initiates the data frame. When the master generates a clock and selects a slave device, data may be transferred in either or both directions simultaneously.
Obsevatorio Vitivinicola Argentino: la experiencia del OVTT en vigilancia tec...OVTT
El 15 de Octubre de 2015 se celebró en Mendoza (Argentina) la Jornada-taller de intercambio de experiencias en vigilancia tecnológica e inteligencia competitiva, promovida por el Observatorio Vitivínicola Argentino (OVA) y el apoyo de la Corporación Vitivinicola Argentina, la Bolsa de Comercio de Mendoza, el IDITS, la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo y el Instituto Nacional de Vitivinicultara. Contó con la participación del Observatorio Virtual de Transferencia de Tecnología (OVTT) de la Universidad de Alicante para compartir sus experiencias sobre vigilancia tecnológica en red. Ésta fue la presentación disertada en el encuentro. Más información: http://www.ovtt.org/2015-10-15/jornada_vigilancia_tecnologica_sector_vitivinicola
The I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) Bus is a two-wire, low to medium speed, communication bus (a path for electronic signals) developed by Philips Semiconductors in the early 1980s. I2C was created to reduce the manufacturing costs of electronic products.
A review of the history of digital design throughout the years until the era of programmable logic, and a detailed exploration of the architecture of FPGA chips, followed by an introduction to SoC FPGAs and some of their benefits.
The latest high speed cable used by apple which was manufactured by Intel. It was initially called as light peak and the latest model known as alphine ridge
First op amps built in 1930’s-1940’s
Technically feedback amplifiers due to only having one useable input
Used in WW-II to help how to strike military targets
Buffers, summers, differentiators, inverters
Took ±300V to ± 100V to power
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
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Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)
I2C BUS PROTOCOL
1. Birla Vishwakarma Mahavidyalaya
ET Department
Under the Guidance :-
Prof. Hiren Patel
ET Department
Prepared By:-
Kashyap Mandaliya(08)
Disha Rashtrapal(13)
Meet Thakkar (18)
Viral Rabadiya(22)
I2C PROTOCOL
1
2. Topics :-
• I2C BUS
• I2C LINE ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
• I2C NODES
• BIT FORMATE
• START AND STOP CONDITIONS
• PACKET FORMAT IN I2C
• CLOCK STRETCHING
• ARBITRATION
• MULTIBYTE BURST WRITE
• MULTIBYTE BURST READ
2
3. Introduction
WHY REQUIRED ?
Many of today’s applications, however, require
higher bus speeds and lower supply voltages.
Description :-
• The I2C bus was designed by PHILIPS in the early '80s
to allow easy communication between components
which reside on the same circuit board.
• Philips Semiconductors migrated to NXP in 2006.
• The name I²C translates into "Inter IC". Sometimes
the bus is called IIC .
3
4. Generation of I2C
• 1982 :- first release
• 1998 :- higher bus speeds and lower supply
voltage
• 2007 introduced by NXP ) :- Fast mode plus
introduced in this version
• 2012 :- user manual release
4
5. I2C Architecture
Half-duplex, synchronous, multi-master bus
No chip select or arbitration logic required
Serial data (SDA) and Serial clock (SCL)
Fig 1
5
6. I2C NODES
• Can function like a master or a slave .
• Clock is generated by the master
• The master device addresses the slave.
• Both the master as well as the slave can transmit as well as receive data
• Four operating modes :-
-master transmitter
-master receiver
-slave transmitter
-slave receiver
NOTE :- A NODE CAN HAVE MORE THAN ONE OPERATING MODE. HOWEVER,AT A TIMES IT HAS
ONLY ONE OPERATING NODE.
Fig 2
Electrical Characteristics
6
7. Start & stop condition
Start Condition – A high to low transition on SDA
when SCL is high.
Stop Condition – A low to high transition on SDA
when SCL is high.
Fig 3 7
