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Hydrogen energy
Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and can be used as a renewable energy. It rarely occurs naturally on Earth as H2. There are three main production methods - chemical reforming, electrolysis, and thermochemical processes. Chemical reforming, also called steam reforming, uses high temperatures to produce hydrogen. Electrolysis uses electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Thermochemical processes employ chemical reactions and heat to produce hydrogen at lower temperatures than steam reforming. Fuel cells that use hydrogen have higher efficiencies than gasoline engines and can power vehicles. Further improvements to hydrogen production and fuel cells are needed to enable widespread use.
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Hydrogen energy
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- 2. Introduction.. • Hydrogen ismost abundant element in luminous universe • It rarely found in earth as H2 • Largest reservoar of hydrogen in the world • Hydrogen as renewable energy with very good prospect • Producing the Hydrogen
- 3. Hydrogen isotopes.. Hydrogen Deuterium :known as heavy water if bounding with O Tritium : radioactive matter
- 4. Physical Properties.. • Secondlowest boiling point (-272.78 C) • Density ; 0.08375 kg/m3 • Specific volume : 11.940 m3/kg • Follow the ideal gas law behavior • At high pressure, its behaviour added by compressibility factor,measured directly • It can diffuse through material
- 5. Chemical property.. • Itcan reacting with almost all organic or chemical elements..
- 6. Fuel property.. • Burns with air and form H2O • HHV : 285.83 kj/mol • LHV : 241.82 kj/mol • Lowest energy density
- 7. Compared with anotherfuel.. • Methane has >3 times energy content than hydrogen.. • Gasoline has >3000x energy density than Hydrogen.. • That’s why we don’t burn H2 as fuel..
- 8. Fuel cell.. • Whatis fuel cell..?
- 9. Why fuel cell.. • Maximum eficiency 83% • Rest 17% is heat generated • Gasoline engine had efficiency 18-38% • Turbine engine had efficiency 40%
- 10. Fuel Cell Vehicles.. •Operate two times more efficiency (fuel tank to wheel) than most efficient gasoline cars.. • Analyzed as : 7kg Hydrogen Compressed 35 Mpa can travel 700km equal with 300 l gas tank equal with 70 l gasoline tank
- 11. Traditional hydrogen application.. •Worlds consumption 50 million tonnes/yr • Ammonia production • Petroleum industry hydrodesulfurization, hydrocracking
- 12. Apllication hydrogen invehicle.. • The chicken-or-egg problem.. • Efficiency comparison between hydrogen power to nuclear power..
- 13. Target improvement offuel cell..
- 14. Where the positionsof Indonesia..? • Past • Now • Future
- 15. Hydrogen Production.. • Chemical reforming • Electrolysis • Thermochemical process
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- 18. Chemical reforming.. • Almostalways implies steam, so commonly called steam Reforming • Basically, consisit of two steps, high temperature and low temperature • At each steps difference based of catalyst • Low temperature steps, almost used to increase yield and efficiency • Then, separated until 99.98% pure hydrogen
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- 20. Electrolysis.. • Splitting Hydrogenand Oxygen with electricity power • It’s produced 99.99% pure Hydrogen • Conventional electolyzer (AWE) • Polymer electrolyte Membrane (PEM) • Solid Electrolyzer (SOE)
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- 22. How PEM andSOE works..
- 23. Thermochemical Process.. • Thermaldecomposition, namely thermolysis • Started with heating pure water,reaction start 2000C and finished 5000C • Thermochemical : using cyclic chemical reaction, employs reacting chemicals • Can reduce the temperature • Potential to hybridize with nuclear reactor
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- 25. Conclusion.. • Hydrogen isvery potential future energy • Hydrogen can produced more clean and more efficient now • Nuclear grown and Hydrogen producing can move side by side • Study hard and never ending trial and error make this happen
- 26. Thankyou.. Waiting for the nextseason : Hydrogen Production (detailed)