This document provides instructions on how to write references in the Harvard and Vancouver styles. It explains that references are important to avoid plagiarism, show the breadth of research, acknowledge direct quotes, and provide evidence to support arguments. It then outlines the key elements to include for different types of references such as books, e-books, journal articles, and works with no author. Finally, it describes how to format in-text citations and structure a reference list in the Vancouver style.

1. How to write reference?
Be consistent and
precise!
Jitendra Patil
M. Pharma (Pharmacology)
Medical Services,
Meyer Vitabiotics Ltd

2. Why reference?
• To avoid plagiarism
• Showing the breadth of research
• To acknowledge direct quotes
• To provide evidence to support arguments
• Allowing the reader to verify data

3. Harvard Style

4. End list references - Books
In-text – (Cottrell, 2005)

5. e-Books

6. Journal articles
In-text – (Hendry and Farley, 2006)

7. Citations for works with no author
or anonymous author(s):

8. Entries should be listed
alphabetically

9. Vancouver Style

10. What is the Vancouver Referencing Style?
• It is a "numbered" style.
• It follows rules established by the International Committee
of Medical Journal Editors.
• It is also known as: Uniform Requirements for
Manuscripts submitted to Biomedical Journals.

11. How to do in-text citations?
• A number is assigned to each reference as it
is cited - in brackets [ ] ( ) or superscript.1
• If the source is referred to again, the same number
is used.

12. Book Citation
• Author/Editor/Compiler's surname initials.
• Title of the book.
• # ed. (if not the 1st)
• Place of publication:
• Publisher's name;
• Year of publication.

13. Journal Citations
• Author's surname Initials,
• Author's surname Initials.
• Title of article.
• Title of Journal. abbreviated]
• Year of publication Month date;
• Volume number
• (issue number):
• page numbers.

14. How to create a Reference List?
Entries are listed numerically and in the same
order that they (references) were cited in the text.