1. Reference Writing Style
2. American Psychological Association (APA)
3. APA Style of Citation
4. APA Bibliography Style
5. Research Reference Writing
6. Academic Research
4. APA
1. Reference Writing Style
2. American Psychological Association (APA)
3. APA Style of Citation
4. APA Bibliography Style
5. Research Reference Writing
6. Academic Research
4. APA
This presentation is about citing articles in journals in the research papers in different reference styles like APA Style, Chicago Style, Harvard Style, MLA Style etc.
Study designs, Epidemiological study design, Types of studiesDr Lipilekha Patnaik
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Study design, Epidemiological study designA study design is a specific plan or protocol
for conducting the study, which allows the investigator to translate the conceptual hypothesis into an operational one.
This presentation is about citing articles in journals in the research papers in different reference styles like APA Style, Chicago Style, Harvard Style, MLA Style etc.
Study designs, Epidemiological study design, Types of studiesDr Lipilekha Patnaik
Â
Study design, Epidemiological study designA study design is a specific plan or protocol
for conducting the study, which allows the investigator to translate the conceptual hypothesis into an operational one.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
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Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? â The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
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Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actorâs Wellness Journeygreendigital
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Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2â3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4â5 criteria; severe AUD: 6â11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganongâs Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
Itâs work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
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Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
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Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
2. Referencing is a standardised way of acknowledging
the sources of information and ideas that we
have used in our assignments and which allows the
sources to be identified.
Obligation
Avoid plagiarism
To verify quotations
To enable readers to follow up
Understand what we have written and the cited
authorâs work.
3. CITATION-using another persons work in our work and
acknowledging them
SECONDARY REFERENCING- when an author refers to
another authors work and the primary source is not
available
BIBLIOGRAPHY-there may be many articles which we
have referred but not cited, these can be listed at
the end of our assignment in a bibliography. These
articles should be listed in alphabetical order
4. 1. When we copy word or a paragraph from a journal
article/book
2. When we copy word or a paragraph from a web site
3. When we write in our own words or ideas from a
journal article/book
4. When we write in our own words or ideas from a
web site
If you do not make reference to someone elseâs
ideas/work you may be accused of passing it off as
your own (plagiarism).
5. Plagiarism âWhat is it & How to
avoid it
âThe practice of taking someone
else's work or ideas and passing
them off as one's own. Recorded
from the early 17th century, the
word comes from Latin plagiarius
âkidnappingâ.â
6. Vancouver system
Harvard system
APA system- American Psychological Association
(APA) style
Combined Alphabet-Number system
7. Numbered referencing style
commonly used in medicine and science
⢠When we cite someoneâs work in our essay, we use a
number to refer the reference
⢠Our reference list at the end of our document, will
provide full details of the reference and correspond in
sequence to the numbers in the textď using
consecutive numbers
8. If the same reference is cited elsewhere again, the same
number is used for that reference.
Numbers in-text can be in
superscript 1 or can be displayed
in brackets (1)
Numbers must appear after a full
stop or comma, but before colons
and semi-colons.
9. ⢠When citing more than one reference, join
consecutive references with a hyphen (1-5)
⢠When citing multiple references that are non-inclusive,
separate the references with commas. (2,5,
8, 10)
10. Name of authors (six et al- if more than six authors)
Title of article
Title of journal (abbreviated)
Year (month/day not necessary) of publication
Volume number (and issue/part)
Page number (no use of unnecessary digits)
11. 2. Jain A, Jain S, Rawat S. Emerging fungal infections
among children: A review on its clinical
manifestations, diagnosis, and prevention. J Pharm
Bio allied Sci. 2010;2:314â20
Abbreviate title according to the style used in
Medline. A list of abbreviations can be found at:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=jou
rnals
No punctuation marks are used in the abbreviated
journal name â just spaces.
12. Title of article
Rosenthal Ann K. Osteoarthritis: The need for therapeutic interventions. Current
rheumatology reviews. 2012;11(3):24-27
Date of publication
Author of
article
Title of
journal
Volume & issue
number
Page
numbers
How to cite
a journal
article
13. Tripathi KD. Essentials of Medical pharmacology.
6thed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical
publishers (p) Ltd; 2008. p.757-765.
EDITION (FULL STOP ONE SPACE)
PLACE OF PUBLICATION (COLON ONE SPACE)
PUBLISHER(SEMI-COLON ONE SPACE)
YEAR OF PUBLICATION(FULL-STOP ONE SPACE )
14. How to identify a book
Place of publication &
publisher
Zimmer C. A planet of viruses. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press; 2011. p 109.
Author of
Book
Title of Book
Date of publication
15. Required: City, Abbreviated State, and Publisher
If multiple cities, name of first city listed only
Place COMMA between city & state
Separate state & publisher with colon ( : );
place semicolon after name of publisher.
Add year published + PERIOD.
e.g. Boston, Mass:Ebony;2001.
Add page numbers to report only one article in a book
(These rules for punctuation vary widely)
e.g., Boston, Mass:Ebony;2001. p. 345-378.
16. CHAPTER OR PART OF A BOOK TO WHICH A
NUMBER OF AUTHORS HAVE CONTRIBUTED
Hay RJ, Ashbee HR. Mycology. In: Rookâs textbook of
dermatology. Burns T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths
C editors.8thed. Edinburgh: Wiley Blackwell;2010;Vol
2 p.36.1-36.93
17. Capitalize initial letter of only proper nouns
(Santhosh, Omaha) and the first word in the title (but
not first word of sub-title)
Articles in journals or in edited books:
Entry requires two titles:
ď§ In book: the bookâs title preceded by In:
+ Editor name(s) + , editor. or , editors.
18. Wadsworth P. Microinjection of mitotic cells. In: Rieder CL, editor. Mitosis and meiosis. San Diego:
Academic Press; 1999. p 219-31.
How to identify a
Chapter in a book
Author of Chapter
Title of
Chapter Editor of Book
Title of book
Place of publication &
publisher
Date of publication
Page numbers of
Chapter
IN
19. SPONSORED BY INSTITUTION, CORPORATION
OR OTHER ORGANISATION
1. World Health Organization. Laboratory manual for
diagnosis of fungal opportunistic infections in
HIV/AIDS patients. Geneva: World Health
Organization;2009. p.4-10 .
20. Indicate type of source in square brackets after title
(But this practice varies widely according to
journal/instructor)e.g., [monograph on the
Internet] or [serial online]
Internet sources require a final sentence beginning
Ex: Available from:
http://nursingworld.org/member2.htm
Place period only after an ending slash (/)
Rules to cite Internet sources vary widely in practice
21. Indexing friendly
Librarian friendly
Editor/Reviewer friendly
It reflects a librarianâs world view.
An author or writing is just a number
A journal, its vol are other items helpful for
categorising.
To help indexing for NLM
Detecting plagiarism
Helpful for editor/reviewer