This slide is about reference and types of reference we used in articles journals and book. there are around 7 types of reference which are used . and much more about it. Reference are use to reduce plagiarism and to give the credit to the original author. like harvard, vancouver, chicago,MLA, APA and much more

1. UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF PHARMA SCIENCES
Master of Pharmacy
SEMINAR
Topic- DIFFERENT TYPE OF REFRENCE
TARIQ HUSAIN
23MPH10001

2. CONTENT
• Introduction
• Objective
• Types of Reference
• Advantages

3. Introduction
• It is a source of information that is used to support a claim,
argument that used reference to show the work of other
author and provide the evidence for the work is being
presented.
• Reference can be include any book, journal website and any
publications.
• Commonly it is used to give credit to the work which is done
earlier or original author.
• It is a link to where the originally information is based upon
• Which contain original source of information.

4. Objective
• Gives support or proof of information.
• Allow other which idea, technique an individual is
using.
• It gives evidence that information presented is based
upon established research
• Properly writing reference may help in avoiding
plagiarism
• It allow the individual to explore the topic more .
• To know the difference between different styles used.
• To support all the given information.

5. WHY?
• It avoids charges of plagiarism.
• Also a proof which support our data
represented.
• To give credit to original author.
• It define the origin of data.
• Fear of failing.
• Desire to get a good result.

6. Types of reference?
Reference
1.Journal 2.Internet 3.Book

7. Elements used in reference
• Reference no
• Author name
• Title
• Sub-title
• Edition
• Place of publication
• Publishing year
• Volume
• Page no.

8. Elements
1.Author
name
2.Title
3.Sub-title
4.Volume
5.Edition
6.Place of
publication
7.Publishing
year

9. Types of referencing
1.Harvard
2.Vancouver
3.APA
4.Chicago
5.OSCOLA
6.MHRA
7.MLA

10. Different styles of writing reference
• Harvard style of referencing.
• American Psychological Association style (APA) .
• Vancouver style.
• MLA citation style (modern language association).
• The Chicago manual of style .
• Royal society of chemistry style.

11. Harvard style of referencing.
• Author’s name followed by its initials.
• Year of publication
• Article title with single quotation mark followed by full stop.
• Name of Journal in italic form.
• Volume followed by a comma
• Issue no. in bracket.
• Page no.
EXAMPLES.
Thagard, P. (1990) ‘Philosophy and machine learning’, Canadian Journal of
Philosophy, 20(2), pp. 261–276.
Padda, J. (2003) ‘creative writing in coventry'. Journal of writing studies 3 (2),
44-59.

12. Vancouver style
• Author Surname followed by Initials.
• Title of article followed by double quotation.
• Title of journal (abbreviated).
• Date of Publication followed by double quotation.
• Volume Number.
• Issue Number in bracket.
• Page Number.
EXAMPLES
1. Davies B, Jameson P. Advanced economics. Oxford: Oxford University Press;
2013.
2. Wilkinson IB, Raine T, Wiles K, Goodhart A, Hall C, O’Neill H. Oxford
handbook of clinical medicine. 10th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press;
2017.

13. Modern language association
• Authors name.
• Title of article.
• Name of journal.
• Volume number followed by decimal & issue no.
• Year of publication.
• Page numbers.
• Medium of publication.
• EXAMPLE
1. Matarrita-Cascante, David. "Beyond Growth: Reaching Tourism-Led
Development." Annals of Tourism Research 37.4 (2010): 1141-63.
Print.

14. American Psychological association
style
• Author’s name followed by its initials.
• Year of publication.
• Article title followed by full stop.
• Name of Journal in italic form
• Volume followed by a comma
• Page no.
• Examples
• Black, P. (2009). Culture and religious beliefs in stoma care nursing. British
Journal of Nursing, 18(13), 790-793.

15. Chicago Manual Style
• Author name
• Article title in double quotation mark.
• Title of journal in italic.
• Volume.
• Year of publication.
• Page no.
Example
• 1. Joshua I. Weinstein, “The Market in Plato’s ” Classical Philology, 104
(2009): 440.

16. Royal society of chemistry style
• INITIALS. Author’s surname.
• Title of journal (abbreviated).
• Year of publication.
• Volume number.
• Pages no.
Example
• H. Yano, K. Abe, M. Nogi, A. N. Nakagaito, J. Mater. Sci., 2010, 45, 1–33.

17. Numbering references
• Sources are numbered based on the order in which
they are cited in the text: the first source you cite is 1,
the second 2, and so on.
• You can also cite multiple sources in the same place:
• Several studies (8, 12) indicate a similar effect.
• In order to site different source , you can use an en
dash - to mark the range. For example There is a large
body of research (1, 4–7) exploring this phenomenon.
• In this case, the citation refers the reader to sources 1,
4, 5, 6, and 7.

18. Conclusion
• There are several kind of reference uses for
different referencing style.
• It give a proper format to represent the data.
• With the help of the reference anyone can
find the original author.

19. Reference
• Art Of Writing & Publishing In Pharmaceutical Journals By Ajay Semalty,
Shaiiendra K. Saraf, Mona Semalty, Shubhini A. Saraf, Ranjit Singh, 1st
Edition: Pharma Book Syndicate, Hyderabad, Pg. No. 80.
• Library Services Help Sheet, London South Bank University, Perry
• Library & Learning Resources Pg. No. 2.
• Different Style Of Writing References In A Research Report By
• Caryn Anderson.
• Coventry University Harvard Reference Style Guide By Lisa Ganobcsik
Williams & Catalina Neculai, Pg. No. 7