Climatology is the study of weather conditions averaged over time and regarded as a branch of atmospheric sciences. The document provides a table summarizing climate data for Baghdad, Iraq including monthly temperature ranges and humidity levels. It also includes recommendations for building design based on an analysis of thermal stress and humidity indicators for the location.

1. MAHONEY’S TABLE

2. 
Climatology is the study of climate, scientifically
defined as weather conditions averaged over a
period of time. This modern field of study is
regarded as a branch of the atmospheric
sciences and a subfield of physical geography,
which is one of the earth sciences. Climatology
now includes aspects of oceanography
and biogeochemistry.

4. Location
Longitude
Latitude
Altitude
Baghdad, Iraq
44° 24´ E.
33° 20´ N.
34 m
Air temperature : °C
J F
M A
Monthly mean max.
16 18.5 22
Monthly mean min.
4
5.5
9
Monthly mean range
12
13
13
29
M J
J
36
43.5 43.5 40 34 24.5 17.5
41
A
S O N
14.5 20 23.5 25.5 24.5 21 16 10.5
14
16 17.5
18
18
19 18
14
D
5
12.5
High AMT
43.5 23.5
4
39.5
Low AMR

5. Monthly mean max. a.m.
87
78
74
68
46
34
32
32
38
50
67
89
Monthly mean min. p.m.
50
41
35
27
18
13
12
13
15
21
39
51
53
70
3
3
68.5 59.5 54.5 47.5 32 23.5 22 23.5 26.5 35.5
Average
3
Humidity group
Humidity group: 1
3
3
2
2
1
1
If average RH: below 30 %
2
30-50 %
3
50-70%
4
Above 70 %
1
1
2

6. Rainfall, mm
Wind, prevailing
Wind, secondary
24 25 28 15 7
0
0
0
3
22 26
150
NW NW NW NW NW NW NW.
NW NW NW NW. NW.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
SE. SE. N
N
N
N
N&W N
N
N
N
SE
J
F
M
A
AMT
over 20 °C
Day
Night
Comfort limits
Humidity groups
0
1
26-34
17-25
2
25-31
17-24
3
23-29
4
22-27
M
J
J
A
AMT
15-20 °C
Day
Night
23-32
S
O
N
D
AMT
below 15 °C
Day
Night
14-23
21-30
12-21
22-30
14-22
20-27
12-20
17-23
21-28
14-21
19-26
12-19
17-21
20-25
14-20
18-24
12-18
Total

7. J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
Q
40
34
N
D
Monthly mean max.
16 18.5
22
29
36
41
Day comfort:
upper
29
29
29
31
31
34
34
34
34
31
29
29
lower
23
23
23
25
25
26
26
26
26
25
23
23
Monthly mean min.
4
5.5
9
14.5
20
21
16
10.5
5
Night comfort: upper
23
23
23
24
24
25
25
25
25
24
23
23
lower
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
C
C
C
O
H
H
H
H
H
H
O
C
C
C
C
C
O
O
H
O
O
C
C
C
Thermal stress: day
night
43.5 43.5
S
23.5 25.5 24.5
24.5 17.5 23.5 AMT

8. INDICATORS
Applicable when:
Meaning:
Indicator
Thermal
stress
Humidity
Rainfall Group
Monthly mean
range
Day Night
Air movement essential
H1
Air movement desirable
H2
Rain protection necessary
A3
4
A2
Protection from cold
O
A1
Out-door sleeping
desirable
4
2.3
H3
Thermal capacity
necessary
H
H
Less than 10
Over
200 mm
1,2,3
H
C
H
O
More than 10
1,2
1,2
More than 10

9. Humid: H1
0
H2
H3
Arid:
0 Total
0
A1
√
√
√
√
A3
√
√
F
M
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
A
M
J
J
A
S
12
5
√
J
√
√
A2
√
O
N
D
4

10. Table 3: Recommended Specifications
Indicator Totals from Table 2
H1
H2
H3
A1
A2
A3
1
0-10
11,12
Layout
Orientation north and south
(long axis east-west)
2
Compact courtyard planning
5-12
0-4
11,12
3
2-10
4
0,1
5
Spacing
Open spacing for breeze
penetration
As 3, but protection form hot
and cold wind
Compact lay-out of estates

11. Table 3: Recommended Specifications
Indicator Totals from Table 2
H1
H2
H3
A1
A2
A3
0
0
0
12
5
4
1
0-10
11,12
Layout
Orientation north and south
(long axis east-west)
2
Compact courtyard planning
5-12
0-4
√
11,12
3
2-10
4
0,1
5
Spacing
Open spacing for breeze
penetration
As 3, but protection form hot
and cold wind
Compact lay-out of estates

12. Indicator Totals from Table 2
H1
H2
H3
A1
A2
A3
Air movement
3-12
1,2
6 Rooms single banked, permanent
provision for air movement
0-5
6-12
7 Double banked rooms, temporary
provision for air movement
2-12
0
0,1
8 No air movement requirement
Openings
0,1
9
11,12
Any other conditions
0
Large openings, 40-80%
0,1
10 Very small openings, 10-20%
11 Medium openings, 20-40%

13. Indicator Totals from Table 2
H1
H2
H3
A1
A2
A3
0
0
0
12
5
4
Air movement
3-12
1,2
6 Rooms single banked, permanent
provision for air movement
0-5
6-12
√
2-12
0
0,1
7 Double banked rooms, temporary
provision for air movement
8 No air movement requirement
Openings
0,1
11,12
Any other conditions
0
0,1
9
√
Large openings, 40-80%
10 Very small openings, 10-20%
11 Medium openings, 20-40%

14. Indicator Totals from Table 2
H1
H2
H3
A1
A2
A3
0
0
0
12
5
4
Walls
12 Light walls, short time-lag
0-2
3-12
√
Roofs
14 Light, insulated roofs
0-5
6-12
2-12
3-12
13 Heavy external and internal
walls
√
15 Heavy roofs, over 8 h time-lag
√
Out-door sleeping
16 Space for out-door sleeping
required
Rain protection
17 Protection from heavy rain
necessary