The document summarizes the proceedings of the International e-Learning Conference 2015, which was held in Bangkok, Thailand on July 20-21, 2015. The conference was organized by the Thailand Cyber University Project to bring together Thai and international educators and researchers to exchange knowledge and experiences in e-learning.
The conference aimed to be a platform for sharing innovative e-learning practices and expanding e-learning knowledge through publications and other means. It covered various topics related to its theme of "Global Trends in Digital Learning," including MOOCs, educational technology, mobile learning, social media in education, emerging technologies, and learning analytics. Events included keynote speeches and paper presentations. Over 800 participants attended the two-day event
Hindsight Imbalance Online and Offline Life: Qualitative Feedback from Online Self Disclosure in Thailand
1.
2. The Proceedings of
International e-Learning Conference 2015
July 20-21, 2015
BITEC Bangna, Bangkok, Thailand
Thailand Cyber University Project, Office of the Higher Education Commission
http://iec2015.thaicyberu.go.th
3. International e-Learning Conference 2015
July 20-21, 2015, Bangkok, Thailand
Conference Information
Aims
1. To be a stage for exchanging knowledge, innovative practices and experiences on e-Learning among Thai
and international educators, researchers, faculty, and students.
2. To assemble knowledge on every aspect of e-Learning from Thai and international educators, researchers,
and faculty and to create the e-Learning knowledge asset.
3. To expand e-Learning knowledge to educators, researchers, faculty, and students via website, journal,
publication, etc.
Conference Theme
Global Trends in Digital Learning.
Conference Sub-Themes
1. Trends and Directions of Digital Learning
2. MOOCs
3. Diversity of Technology in Education
4. M-Learning
5. Social Learning and Social Media
6. Emerging Technology for Online Education
7. Virtual Reality Applications
8. Educational Cloud
9. Learning Analytics
10. Gamification
Events
1. Lectures from keynote and invited speakers.
2. Paper presentation.
Overview
The Thailand Cyber University Project (TCU), Office of the Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education
has an aim to promote e-Learning by cooperating with national and international educational institutes.
The TCU, recognizing the importance of e-Learning knowledge management to create comprehensive
knowledge for educational personnel, has organized the International e-Learning Conference 2015 (IEC2015):
"Global Trends in Digital Learning" The conference objective is to assemble knowledge on every aspect
of e-Learning from Thai and international experts. Conference topics will include the quality and standard
of learning management and evaluation, effective utilization and implementation of new technologies,
understanding of new generation learners' behavior, and cost-effective and sustainable learning management.
The TCU will accumulate knowledge from the conference and produce the knowledge asset to be a reference
for educators, researchers, faculty and students.
4. The Sixth TCU International e-Learning Conference 2015
Global Trends in Digital Learning
July 20-21, 2015 BITEC Bangna, Bangkok, Thailand
http://iec2015.thaicyberu.go.th#IEC2015Thailand
15.10 – 15.30 Refreshment Break
Session C2
15.30 – 15.50 The Result of a Collaborative Learning Model on Web-Based
Instruction Using Learning Together (LT) for Enhancing Metacognition
Sirinan Thanudca
Surin Cortong
Chaiyaphum Rajabhat University , Thailand
C2_1
Page 151
15.50 – 16.10 Hindsight Imbalance Online and Offline Life: Qualitative Feedback
from Online Self Disclosure in Thailand
Poonsri Vate-U-Lan
Assumption University, Thailand
C2_2
Page 162
16.10 – 16.30 Development of Knowledge Transfer for Support Novice Researchers
Pradit Songsangyos
Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Thailand
Panita Wannapiroon
King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand
C2_3
Page 168
16.30 – 16.50 Improving Undergraduate Students’ Expectations Towards Learning
Physics Through Blended Learning Model with Problem-Based Learning
in Physics Course
Phisit Suvarnaphaet
Anirut Satiman
Silpakorn University, Thailand
C2_4
Page 172
Day 1: July 20, 2015
5. Hindsight Imbalance Online and Offline Life: Qualitative Feedback from
Online Self Disclosure in Thailand
Poonsri Vate-U-Lan Ed.D.
Graduate School of eLearning, Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
poonsri.vate@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Internet technologies, especially social
networking and instant messaging,
reform people’s life style. Both online
and offline activity attract users due to
interest and necessity which may impact
on the work life balance for many people.
This research paper reports a qualitative
result of a larger study which aimed to
explore the knowledge, attitudes,
opinions, behaviors and perceptions of
Thai people in regards to their use of the
internet, social networking services and
computer games. The research survey
was conducted through the social
networking using a self-administered
questionnaire in Thai. Totally, there
were 838 participants in this online
survey. All details of demographic
background are reported below in the
article. There were approximately 253
respondents who expressed their opinion,
knowledge, behaviors and perceptions.
This research paper analyzes the key
responses into various categories and
selects some examples for presentation.
The research found that people disclosed
their ideas in detail which reflected the
risks involved spending too much time
on the Internet. The imbalance of life
style, computer vision syndrome and
Internet addiction were commented
upon frequently in the feedback from
participants as the major concerns for
the majority of the informants.
Keywords
Computer games, Internet addiction,
Internet usage, problem work-life balance,
opinion, perception, qualitative feedback,
social networking
1) INTRODUCTION
The explosion of Internet technology is
characterized by an abundance of
“trappings” on occasion impact on the
obstacles of time and space to the
detriment of the user (Pew Research Center,
2015). There are positive aspects such as
the potential and function of social network
technologies to encourage people connect
to others all over the world on their
computer screen to maintain and
strengthen familial relationships, and
communicate effectively. There are also
other benefits that include research
collaboration within industry and academia
among many other positive factors. The
social networkers can, though, be
overwhelmed in an abundant number of
relationships through the Internet whilst it
is hard to prove that the quantity of these
associations is beneficial to a person’s
wellbeing.
The overuse of Internet technology
increased dramatically since the push
technology from social network web site
and instant messaging application (GfK
Bluemoon, 2011). The impact lead to
increased Internet addition and computer
vision syndrome given that a proportion of
users’ mental and physical health were
threatened (Owen, Sparling, Healy,
Dunstan, & Matthews, 2010). To examine
the root of problems, this current research
focuses on the main objective as
comprehending the Internet users’ behavior
and their attitudes toward and perceptions
to social networking technology and
computer games. This current paper will
disclose the broad information captured
162
6. within qualitative component of the study.
2) RELATED LITERATURE REVIEW
Traditional online activities influence
mainly people’s work and business. Many
parents provide mobile devices for security
reason for their children in Thailand.
People regularly spent time doing various
tasks on social network including post, like,
share, monitor and send stickers.
Research in developed country such as the
United States of America (USA) and
Australia, showed that the majority (85%)
of teenager 18-24 years of age agreed that
mobile devices were a central part of
everyday life (GfK Bluemoon, 2011; Pew
Research Center, 2015; Salesforce, 2015).
Nearly all (94%) of persons in this age in
Australia and U.S.A. are active online
through their mobile devices seven days a
week (Lenhart & Page, 2015). Users who
own smart phones tend to connect and
immerse themselves into the Internet more
often (Smith, 2015) while the tracking
system research in U.S.A. found that the
average hours spent on smartphone was 3.3
hours a day (Salesforce, 2015) while the
average hours spent on social networking
only was even higher being 3.7 hours a day
(Zocial, inc, 2014). Other research
compared 30 countries which represented
70 per cent of the world’s population
ranked Thailand at the seventh for viewing
smart phone screens with had average of
167 minutes per day (Brown, 2014).
Nigeria was ranked the first within the
world as having an average viewing time
on smart phone screens of 193 minutes per
day (Brown, 2014). Another research
survey collecting data with international
private university students indicated that
this group spend longer than 25 hours per
weeks on the Internet and majority of them
(70%) were rated as Internet addicts
according to the Internet Addiction Test
written by Kimberly Young (Park, 2012).
The annual report of the Internet found that
the average hours spent on line for Filipino
teenagers was 6.3 hours with social
networking occupying 4 hours a day
(Brown, 2014) as opposed to Australians
teenagers who averaged around 4.1 hours
of daily online activity with only 1.2 hours
spent on social networking (We Are Social
Singapore, 2015).
A research firm focused on Asian Pacific
Countries (APAC) concerning the social
network activity compared to population of
the country and reported that the average
global usage was 29 per cent while average
of APAC was lower at 27 per cent. The top
five countries of social media used in
APAC were 1st
Singapore, 2nd
Taiwan, 3rd
were Brunei and Hong Kong as equal, 4th
was the Maldives and 5th
was Australia {91,
71, 66, 59 and 58% respectively} (We Are
Social Singapore, 2015). These figures
indicate that almost all Singaporeans were
active on the social networking, while
Thailand was ranked at the eighth with 52
per cent of active users on social media
comparing to the overall population (We
Are Social Singapore, 2015).
A further study found that people who
overuse of technology face at least two
obstacles: too little exercise and too much
sitting which leads illness (Owen et al.,
2010). Non-exercise behaviors can be
differentiated into two types 1) sedentary
behavior or sitting, lying down, and
expending very little energy (only about
1.0-1.5 metabolic equivalents), and 2)
light-intensity activity or standing, self-
care activities, and slow walking as these
activities require low energy expenditure
(only about 1.6-2.9 metabolic equivalents)
(Owen et al., 2010). The American
Academy of Pediatrics recommended
parents play an important role and restrict
screen time including television, DVDs,
and video games as declared not more than
two hours per day for children and
teenagers (Owen et al., 2010; Sallis, 2014).
The Taiwanese Government revised the
Protection of Children and Youths Welfare
and Rights Act to control future problems
on computer technology addiction, under
163
7. this law parents can be fined up to
US$2,150 if found that their children have
allowed to use electronic products to an
extent that causes them to become ill,
either physically or mentally, this agenda is
to stop children under 18 year of aged from
spending excessive and an unreasonable if
not dangerous amount of time on electronic
devices (Lee Seok, 2015). This research
will be further discussed in regards to the
findings from the Internet users’ qualitative
feedback who disclosed their thoughts
through the online survey as the center
piece in this paper.
3) RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The qualitative data of the Internet users
originated from the online self-
administered survey that aimed to elicit the
behavior of Thai computer users. The open
online questionnaire was the only research
instrument that invited participants without
incentives offered through social network
web site and the web board for general
purposes. To reduce the prospect that
respondents may quit the online form,
there was no compunction of any item
requiring a written answer so participants
were freely able to check any item that
they wanted thus the detail of each item
earned a different value. The overall
demographic information was found that
61.39%, n=493 were female, and 38.61%,
n=310 were male. The majority of
participants selected their highest
education as bachelor degree followed by
graduated level and secondary school
students (36.80, 34.47 and 28.73%
respectively). The occupations of
participants revealed that most were
university students, lecturers, secondary
school students and other which including
general employer, and business persons
(33.82, 33.70, 18.44 and 13.31%
respectively). Approximately half of
participants resided in Bangkok and the
rest lived outside the urban area (52.01 and
47.99%) with a number of Thai
participants who lived overseas
participating as well. The pattern of
participants’ age groups generally youthful
as 36.42 per cent were less than 20 years
old; 23.9 per cent were aged 21-30 years
old, 16.52 per cent were 31-40 years old
and 13.52 per cent were 41-50 years old,
and 9.64 per cent were older than 51 years
old.
4) QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DATA
AND DISCUSSION
The majority of respondents who provided
qualitative feedback were female (70.75%,
n=179 from 253 respondents). The analysis
of open-ended questions found that most
prevalent of the ideas responded to within
the survey both in short message or long
message was “Computer and mobile
technology have dual effects, it provides
benefits to increase precious knowledge
towards work, study, entertainment and so
on but the dark side of it occurs when
people addicted to it and relies on it
inappropriately.” There were many
meaningful insights of participants that are
presented in Figure 1 and then more detail
as follow.
Fig. 1 Word cloud of feedback
A secondary school male student
living in Bangkok answered:
“Computer skill is so important, time
management can assist people to enjoy
both on screen and real activity.”
164
8. A bachelor degree female living
outside Bangkok answered: “Thai
society cannot say no to immersion in
computer and Internet technology
especially the new generation who
grow up in the high technology
environment. The huge worry should
focus on children who do not clearly
understand what enough is and
appropriate. They can be affected from
their own innocence or miss advice
from the parents. Many parents
support their children in the wrong
direction which give extra
complimentary when their young
children have some computer literacy
and very good at playing computer
game. With this kind of opinion,
children misunderstood that having
computer skill is better than other
skills. The kids should be taught that
there are lots of violent games, or
video clip that not suitable to involve.
Watching online video is not safe to
children since it freely access and none
of legal warning. Thailand seems to be
at risk since, none of system aims to
prevent or shape an appropriate
behavior of computer users.”
A bachelor degree female living
outside Bangkok answered: “Presently,
people really love go on social
networking then ignore real society.
People do not care who are physically
present around them but try to know
more about who are in the digital
world. The Internet provides both pros
and cons.”
A bachelor degree male living outside
Bangkok answered: “Technology is
the same as a coin which has both a
head and a tail. People need to be
concerned critically when consuming
computer technology. The awareness
need to start from young age. The
anxiety is that on the Internet, there
was none of limitation to watch online
video or movie which is different from
television or theatre that provides
warning or having monitoring.
Children are at risk to be threatened.”
A bachelor degree female living
outside Bangkok wrote: “Everybody is
focused on the screen and social
networking. The real physical
environment was ignored. I feel sick
of this behavior.”
A graduated degree male living
outside Bangkok said: “We cannot live
without technology but we need to use
it wisely, and avoid being technology
slaves.”
A graduated degree female residing in
Bangkok reported that: “Today, people
need to balance their real life which is
offline with their online activity; I
would recommend to concern about
computer vision syndrome as spending
too long time continuously computer
really affected to human’s eyes.
Moreover, the wrong position while
sitting and working on computer
screen can cause physical problems.
Computer game can occupy your time
and be more attractive rather than
textbooks and serious subjects, thus
students need to be aware of their
responsibility; do not play computer
games for too long.”
A graduate degree male working as a
lecturer and living outside Bangkok
remarked: “Everywhere I been through,
I saw each have mobile devices,
almost 100 per cent just look at their
screens all the time even at the
restaurant, people sit together but
monitor their screen without care
people who stay there. They lack of
participation with the person seated
beside them. I worry that this kind of
situation will worsen in the future but I
cannot change anything myself. I do
not know what to do and who should
solve this problem.”
165
9. A graduate degree female working as a
lecturer and living in Bangkok stated:
“Entertainment is the most attractive
that influence to the today’s teenagers.
While they need to improve their
knowledge by surfing the Internet they
found too much information that leads
them to inappropriate activity.
Research skill on the Internet is
important for university students while
they lack practices to evaluate and
screen only reliable resources. How to
avoid plagiarism needs to be taught as
the ease of copy and paste is
problematic.”
A secondary school male student
residing outside Bangkok observed
that: “The Internet connects me to
many great resources but the capacity
and Wi-Fi are so limited in rural areas
of Thailand. I need to have a good
Internet signal, this is for security
reason and it should to be fair for
people with poverty in Thailand too.”
A secondary school female student
living in Bangkok remarked that: “I
am an eleventh grade student under 18
years old. I am badly addicted to the
Internet which cause me think that I
am a bad person. My regular routine
was being at home, starting surf the
net from 8-11 pm. on weekday, on
weekend I spent more time from 7 pm
to 3 am. I am the only one in family to
have near-sightedness and I found my
myopia increasing. I suffer neck;
shoulder and back pain and sometimes
feel severe pain. I know that all this
behavior is so hard but it is harder to
change. Who can help me? I do not
know any organization that can assist
me or my friends who have similar
symptoms or worse. Hopefully, my
message is worth something.”
A graduate degree senior male
working as a lecturer lived outside
Bangkok said: “I want Thailand to
devote serious consideration to stop all
harmful behavior apparently from the
Internet technology and social
networking. Too many serious cases
happen while no legal rule cures the
problems.”
These select cases reveal insights that are
critical importance of how the
overwhelming impact of Internet
consumption for many and problems with
social networking abuse without the formal
treatment and policy at development in
Thailand to what the downside on online
activities experienced by many. This
feedback echoes many similar observations
from participants dotted all over Thailand
which were too numerous to report in this
limited paper space. Given the evidence
reported from this survey this research
should be considered at organization and
country level to assist the formulation of
well-focused policies, advertising
campaigns, acts and laws to secure the
society from threats aspects of technology
poses for the Thai society.
5) SUGGESTION AND CONCLUSION
In light of recent findings, Thai
government needs to plan and implement
policies supported by the judiciary to
control and improve a quality of life in
relation to what is now a digital society. In
recent decades, Thais have become
increasingly sedentary, with many
occupations requiring spending time sitting
in front of computer screens. Parallel with
this change, evidence has emerged
identifying typical light-intensity activity
which all caused a novel risk factor for
cardio metabolic disease and all-cause
mortality while people are not independent
of time spent in exercise (Owen et al.,
2010). This work/life imbalance report
emanating from this research and an
abundance within quality academic
literature devoted to this concern provides
evidence that warrants further research to
inform processes that lead to new relevant
166
10. laws concerning balancing healthy online
and offline activities being activated in
Thailand. Thailand as same as many
countries needs to be aware and awakened
from the Internet and social networking
technology nightmare that can and does
impact on a proportion of the Thai society.
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12. -2-
9. น.อ.ผศ.ธงชัย อยู่ญาติวงศ์ กรรมการ
รองอธิการบดี มหาวิทยาลัยแม่ฟ้าหลวง
10.ผศ. เด่นพงษ์ สุดภักดี กรรมการ
รองอธิการบดีฝ่ายวิชาการ และเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น
11. ผศ.กอบกุล สรรพกิจจํานง กรรมการ
คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเกษตรศาสตร์
12. ผศ.ศิริรัตน์ เพ็ชร์แสงศรี กรรมการ
คณะครุศาสตร์อุตสาหกรรมสถาบันเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าเจ้าคุณทหารลาดกระบัง
13.ผศ.ประชิต อินทะกนก กรรมการ
คณะครุศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏสุรินทร์
14. ผศ.ปราวีณยา สุวรรณณัฐโชติ กรรมการ
คณะครุศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
15.ผศ.เอกนฤน บางท่าไม้ กรรมการ
คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร
16.ผศ.น้ํามนต์ เรืองฤทธิ์ กรรมการ
คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร
17. อาจารย์อนิรุทธ์ สติมั่น กรรมการ
คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร
18.อาจารย์จารุวรรณ กฤตย์ประชา กรรมการ
มหาวิทยาลัยสงขลานครินทร์ วิทยาเขตสงขลา
19.อาจารย์ธีรวดี ถังคบุตร กรรมการ
คณะครุศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
20.อาจารย์พรสุข ตันตระรุ่งโรจน์ กรรมการ
คณะครุศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
21. อาจารย์วรสรวง ดวงจินดา กรรมการ
ผู้อํานวยการสํานักการจัดการศึกษาออนไลน์ มหาวิทยาลัยศรีปทุม
22.อาจารย์วัตสาตรี ดิถียนต์ กรรมการ
คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเกษตรศาสตร์
23.Prof. Yoshida Masami กรรมการ
Professor of Chiba University, JAPAN
24.Prof. Insook Lee กรรมการ
Professor of Sejong University, Korea (South)
25. Prof.Howard Combs กรรมการ
San Jose State University, United States
26. Prof. Mei-Yan Lu กรรมการ
San Jose State University, United States
/26.Assoc.Dr.Daniel…
13. -3-
27. Assoc.Daniel Tiong Hok Tan กรรมการ
Taylor's Education Group, Malaysia
28.Prof. Daniel Churchill กรรมการ
University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's
Republic of China
29.Prof. Yoshimi Fukuhara กรรมการ
Meiji University, Japan
อํานาจหน้าที่ และความรับผิดชอบ
1. พิจารณาคุณภาพ ประเมิน และคัดเลือกบทความ (Peer Reviewers) เพื่อนําเสนอผลงานวิจัย
ด้านอีเลิร์นนิง
2. ประสานงานกับหน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้องให้สามารถดําเนินงานได้ตามวัตถุประสงค์
ทั้งนี้ ตั้งแต่บัดนี้เป็นต้นไป
สั่ง ณ วันที่ พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2558