In recent years, The Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS) has produced three discussion documents, The Future of Narrative Reporting, A Long-term Focus for Corporate Britain and The Future of Narrative Reporting (Further Consultation). These, together with other reports such as the Kay Review which called for immediate action in restoring trust and confidence in the investment chain have highlighted an urgent consensus that changes to the narrative reporting framework were needed. This autumn sees the government's response - new legislation in strategic reporting. Here, Mark Jackson, senior policy advisor at BIS, discusses the new changes.
Corporate Reporting and Human Capital - People and the search for transparenc...Communicate Magazine
Ian McDonald Wood, research and consulting director, FutureValue
The past year has seen major changes in reporting, with greater requirements needing to be encorported in companies’ strategic reports due to the recent modification to The Companies Act 2006 legislation. Explaining specific aspects of intangible assets has always been a key area in the narrative report in previous years, so what's changed?
The 'people and the search for transparency in corporate reporting' session was led by those who shape the reporting process. The IIRC works to ensure integrated reporting is embedded into mainstream business practice, the FRC sets standards for corporate reporting and FutureValue are content specialists who help businesses develop meaningful content and narrative in their reports.
The session explored how listed companies are responding to legislative changes and how they are successfully integrating them into their annual reports to produce clear and concise documents.
www.communicatemagazine.co.uk/humancapital
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
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2. Peace and Prosperity Factors Revitalization of the Church (Crusades) Agricultural revolution and rise of Feudalism Revival of trade and the urban centres Rise of National Monarchies Development of Universities Architecture – Cathedrals and Castles (Brown 2009) Flying Buttress King John England
3. The Church Takes Charge Peace of God - 989 CE No stealing from church No assaulting clerics, women, peasants Excommunication Truce of God - 1027 CE No fighting Thurs. - Mon, feast days, holy days No killing Christians Led to justification for Crusades Church Schism – 1054 CE Pope and Patriarch excommunicate each other Greek Orthodox and Roman Catholic Fontenay Abbey, France Monastic Reform War of Investitures 1075 CE Who gets to invest bishops? Pope or King? 50 years of bloodshed Concordat of Worms 1112 CE King invests as vassal of empire Pope then gives staff and ring Henry IV of England
4. The Crusades 1095-1291 CE Effects Reduced internal warring in Europe Papacy gains prestige Rise of trade in Italy Contact with Muslims New foods, bathing, fine Asian goods Scientific and cultural knowledge Islamic learning schools established in France and Spain
5. Agricultural Revolution Three-field rotation Heavy plow & horse collar Windmills and water power Led to population growth & urban renewal
6. Feudalism Mutual obligation from serf to noble Key Terms Fief – land given by a king to vassal Vassal – Knight or lord owning fief Serfs – villeins or peasants who work land Tithe – Tax or rent paid by serfs to church or knight
7. Trade and Urbanization Walled City of Carcassone, France Rise of Guilds Increased Trade Medieval Market Street from Gouvernement des Princes
8. England William the Conquerer (Norman) invades England 1066 Defeats Harold at Battle of Hastings Thomas Becket, archbishop of Canterbury murdered in Cathedral 1170 by followers of King Henry II King John forced to sign the Magna Carta in 1215 Bayeux Tapestry depicting battle Norman Legacies: Castles, language, Domesday book
9. France Capetian Dynasty 987 - 1328 CE Centralized control Primogeniture Began building Notre Dame Cathedral
10. Universities 12 th C. Renaissance Greek and Roman classics rediscovered Universities est. in Bologna, Paris, Oxford Trivium and Quadrivium St. Thomas Aquinas 1225-1274 Summa Theologica Reconciled reason and faith
11. Architecture Romanesque Gothic San Pantaleo Italy Flying Buttress Chartres Cathedral France Last Judgment at Conques, France
12. Castles Motte and Bailey Stone Castles Bamburgh Castle England Troubadours
13. Further Reading Monasticism and Spirituality p. 545-546 Monastic Women p. 546-547 Knighthood and chivalry p. 547-550 Apprenticeship of a knight p. 548-549 Daily Life in a Castle – p. 551 Birth, Marriage, Death – p. 554 Women p. 554-556
Editor's Notes
Too many armed warbands pillaging, churches and abbeys treasure houses Truce of God – holy days Lent and Advent “no Christian should kill another Christian since whoever kills a Christian doubtless sheds the blood of Christ” The only combat pleasing to God is to defend Christendom Pope Gregory VII - War of Investitures, clergy celibate, codified canon (church) law Innocent III – Dominicans and Franciscans Inquisition, papal permission to canonize, Jews segregated ID, marriage now a sacrament
Pope Urban II announces first in 1095 Help the Byzantines drive Seljuk Turks out of Palestine Primogeniture – lots of available disinherited younger sons, promised indulgence – forgiven all sins and go straight to heaven Captured Jerusalem 1099, 3 kingdoms, short lived 1291, surrendered Acre and went home Founding of orders of knights – Templars, Teutonic, Hospitallers Numerals, zero etc.
Manorial system Crossroads, manor house, mill, church, peasants, common pasture Fields - 2 planted, 1 fallow – regenerate soil Demesne – land worked by serfs, product owed to lord Glebe – land owned by church, worked by serfs Serfs had to work lord's land first before own Could become free in a chartered town if lived there a year and a day.
Vassals had to provide military service, attend courts, pay dues, accept judgments on inheritance Led to many disputes OR Three Classes Oratores – worshippers, clergy Bellatores – warriors, nobles Laboratores – workers, peasants
Population increase warming climate, longer growing season = better fertility Towns rise to feed and lodge crusaders and pilgrims, demand for Asian goods Letters of exchange not sacks of silver (cheques) Banks develop in Northern Italy Public notaries draw up int'l trade agreements Paris and Rome 100 000 people each Walls for protection = borough Bishop's cathedral = city Guilds develop – apprenticeships to masters, selling at market, some powerful, regulate quality
Outcome Factors in Battle of Hastings Harold's army exhausted from fighting Vikings at Stamford bridge William stays in tight formation Harold charges down hill loses advantage Normans have crossbows Language legacy – pork – pig, etc. Bayeux tapestry 50 cm high, 69 m long Becket refused to make clergy go along with King B. canonized, Henry had to do public penance John 5 th son of Henry, extortion and high taxes MC – king subject to law, judged by peers
Primogeniture led to less dispute, more disinherited younger sons (crusades, puss in boots) Local lords still had lots of power over people Many did not attend estates general English held many lands still
Aristotle, Galen, Ptolemy preserved and translated by Islamic scholars Trivium – grammar, rhetoric, logic Quadrivium – arithmetic, geometry, music, astronomy Education always in Latin, lecture Aquinas also proved existence of God through reason and said state laws should align with laws of reason
Romanesque – dim, round arches Gothic – way higher, more window, stained glass Flying Buttresses Piers – internal columns Vaulted Roofs – ribs dist weight to piers Stained glass – huge windows magic of light and colour Colser to god Sculpture
Motte and Bailey construction used by Normans after initial conquest of England Fast to build, allows for protection Wooden – fires and defensive problems Motte – mound or hill Timber palisade around motte Ditch around motte Second palisade around bailey (yard) Bridge across ditch Some ditches dry, others wet Later built of stone – fortified for power and defense
