The Norman Conquest of England in 1066 led to major political, social, and cultural changes. King Edward the Confessor died without an heir, leading to claims on the English throne by Harold Godwinson, William Duke of Normandy, and Harald Hardrada of Norway. William defeated Harold at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, establishing Norman rule over England. This brought changes like replacing English elites with Normans, introducing feudalism as the governmental system, and making French the dominant language, though English and Latin were also used. Norman architecture like castles and churches were built in the new Romanesque style using stone.

1. The Norman Conquest

2. Competition for the Crown Death of King Edward the Confessor: January 1066 Succession: Harold Godwinson -> brother-in-law of Edward

3. Four Kings Edgar The Aetheling Harold Godwinson William, Duke Of Normandy Swegn Estrithson, King Of Denmark

4. Two invasions : Harald Hardrada of Norway William, the duke of Normandy

5. The Battle of Hastings 14 October 1066 Army of 20000 Norman warriors Combination of different arms Offensive strategy

6. The Church Controversy: Dead religion before the Norman Conquest? Normans and Britons – many things in common?

7. Reforming Christianity? Powerful positions: French clergy Construction of new churches across England

8. Arts Clunaic reform: recovery of consecrated scriptoria Norman stonework The Bayeaux Tapestry

9. Literature Old English topics French ones Romance Allegory Popular tales Exempli Fabliau Bestiaries Chronicles

10. The Bayeaux Tapestry Very significant work of medieval art Bishop Odo of Bayeaux, half-brother of William the Conqueror

11. The Norman perspective Justification of the illegitimate invasion Harold slain with an arrow through his eye

12. English Romanesque Architecture 800AD – 1100 AD Origins: The Bizantine Empire New kind of buildings, materials and techniques

13. Stone vault ceilings Archs Buttressess

14. The expansion of castles in England The Motte and Bailey Castles Fear Submission Wealth Envy

15. Virtual tour of the Motte and Baley Castle http://www.timeref.com/3dindex.htm

16. Language changes

17. Society Intermarriage common among all levels of society Population  Bigger cities and towns Rural society changed: CROP ROTATION Kept the country profitable

18. Wool processed in England Generated new jobs Construction of buildings and cathedrals  artisans and craftmen with jobs for lifetime.

22. Economy 10thC economy Markets Towns Kings and lords Stimulated the wealth of their country coinage boroughs Men wealth strength of hierarchic society role or lordship

23. Summary Elite replacement Change on governmental system  Feudalism Language: French – Latin – English Castles introduced in England Laws passed to give normans more power Change of buildings’ style Army occupation in much of the country English bishops and monks  Norman bishops and monks

24. Questions 1.- Which of these were the consequences of the Norman Conquest? a)Introduction of French b)Establishment of the monarchy c)Introduction of Feudalism c) All of these d) None of these 2.- After The Norman Conquest there was a linguistic change: a)The common people started to speak French. b)The aristocracy and the clergy spoke Latin. c) Everyone took French as the daily language. d)None of these. 3.- The innovation in architecture was the proliferation of castles. T/F 4.- The English law system was the same as the Norman law system. T/F

25. Extra exercises To help you revise: http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/lessons/1066_claims/diagram.htm Quizz on the Feudal System: http://www.btinternet.com/~mrfield/Conquest/feudalism/fedud_recap.htm Ordering Game of The Battle of Hastings http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year7links/1066/orderinghomework.pdf A 1066 word search http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year7links/1066/1066Search.PDF

26. Bibliography used www.SchoolHistory.co.uk www.passmorehistory.homestead.com www.eyewitnesstohistory.com http://geoffboxell.tripod.com/1066.htm www.localhistories.org/middle.html http://en.wikipedia.org www.essentialnormanconquest.com/encyclopedia.htm www.bbc.co.uk/history www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/architecture_01.shtml

27. Done by: Christina Munder Estelles and Armonía Hita Garrido