Serological test for virus identificationPlock Ghosh
This presentation consist of detailed study of serological method of virus identification. Basically ELISA is vastly used for virus detection. Western blot method is used for HIV identification.
A picornavirus is a virus belonging to the family Picornaviridae, a family of viruses in the order Picornavirales. Vertebrates, including humans, serve as natural hosts. Picornaviruses are nonenveloped viruses that represent a large family of small, cytoplasmic, plus-strand RNA viruses with a 30-nm icosahedral capsid.
Influenza A viruses can be broken down into sub-types depending on the genes that make up the surface proteins. Over the course of a flu season, different types (A & B) and subtypes (influenza A) of influenza circulate and cause illness.
More Information about Flu Viruses
Types of Influenza Viruses
Influenza A and B viruses are responsible for seasonal flu epidemics each year.
How the Flu Virus Can Change
Influenza viruses can change in two different ways—antigenic drift and antigenic shift.
Transmission of Influenza Viruses from Animals to People
Influenza A viruses also are found in many different animals, including ducks, chickens, pigs, whales, horses and seals.
Antigenic Characterization of Influenza Viruses
“Antigens” are molecular structures on the surface of viruses that are recognized by the immune system and are capable of triggering an immune response (antibody production).
2009 H1N1 Influenza
The influenza A (H1N1) virus that emerged in 2009 caused the first global influenza pandemic in more than 40 years.
Images of Influenza Viruses
Graphics of generic influenza viruses
Arbovirus is an informal name used to refer to any viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. The word arbovirus is an acronym (arthropod-borne virus). The word tibovirus (tick-borne virus) is sometimes used to more specifically describe viruses transmitted by ticks, a superorder within the arthropods.
Serological test for virus identificationPlock Ghosh
This presentation consist of detailed study of serological method of virus identification. Basically ELISA is vastly used for virus detection. Western blot method is used for HIV identification.
A picornavirus is a virus belonging to the family Picornaviridae, a family of viruses in the order Picornavirales. Vertebrates, including humans, serve as natural hosts. Picornaviruses are nonenveloped viruses that represent a large family of small, cytoplasmic, plus-strand RNA viruses with a 30-nm icosahedral capsid.
Influenza A viruses can be broken down into sub-types depending on the genes that make up the surface proteins. Over the course of a flu season, different types (A & B) and subtypes (influenza A) of influenza circulate and cause illness.
More Information about Flu Viruses
Types of Influenza Viruses
Influenza A and B viruses are responsible for seasonal flu epidemics each year.
How the Flu Virus Can Change
Influenza viruses can change in two different ways—antigenic drift and antigenic shift.
Transmission of Influenza Viruses from Animals to People
Influenza A viruses also are found in many different animals, including ducks, chickens, pigs, whales, horses and seals.
Antigenic Characterization of Influenza Viruses
“Antigens” are molecular structures on the surface of viruses that are recognized by the immune system and are capable of triggering an immune response (antibody production).
2009 H1N1 Influenza
The influenza A (H1N1) virus that emerged in 2009 caused the first global influenza pandemic in more than 40 years.
Images of Influenza Viruses
Graphics of generic influenza viruses
Arbovirus is an informal name used to refer to any viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. The word arbovirus is an acronym (arthropod-borne virus). The word tibovirus (tick-borne virus) is sometimes used to more specifically describe viruses transmitted by ticks, a superorder within the arthropods.
Video at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8HRluqOqDg
🙈🙉🙊
We discuss the clinical features on the basis of a case series from the U.K. and then have a Q&A with pox virologist and UpToDate author on the topic, Dr. Stuart Isaacs.
Discussant: Stuart N. Isaacs, MD; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
Host: Benjamin P. Geisler, MD MPH
Recording date: May 30, 2022
0:00 Intro
1:09 Outline and Study Type
2:13 Background
5:31 Case Series
11:39 Q&A w/ Dr. Isaacs
References:
-Case series: Adler H et al. Lancet ID online early doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00228-6
-Comparison to Covid-19 case report/series: Rothe C et al N Engl J Med. 382(10); 970-1 doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2001468 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32003...
-Dr. Isaac’s UpToDate article:
-Microbe.TV: This Week in Virology (TWiV) Special: Monkeypox clinical update with Dr. Daniel Griffin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMiT7...
-Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases (ProMED) Monkeypox update (06), 30 May 2022: https://promedmail.org/
-Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP): WHO says monkeypox containable, but nations should be on alert. https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-persp...
-Phylogenetic trees: Hendrickson RC et al. Viruses 2010(2); 1933-67. doi: 10.3201/eid2409.171283 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30124...
-Virion schematics: ViralZone, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
-Discussion of on-going MPXV genome sequencing: https://virological.org/t/discussion-...
-Genomic epidemiology of monkeypox virus: https://nextstrain.org/monkeypox?l=clock
#monkeypox #virus
a brief study on recent outbreaks in africa that is a deadly virus ebola consisting of its structure, epidemiology, statistical data, pathophysiology, microbiology, clinical features, management, precautions by cdc & WHO, biosafety measures.
Oral Manifestation of HIV. In detail history of the origin of HIV, the Virus pathology, Classification of HIV.
Systematic manifestation and Oral Manifestation of HIV.
The various tests available for HIV testing and Drug regimens for HIV, Immuno-compromised, pregnant and PCP'S
Study Material for Applications of Stem Cells In Health CareVamsi kumar
Explore the cutting-edge field of stem cell therapies and their pivotal role in treating autoimmune disorders with our comprehensive textbook. This essential resource covers the latest advances in the use of stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, in managing conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Gain insights into innovative treatments, ethical considerations, and case studies showcasing successful patient outcomes. Whether you're a medical lab technology student, researcher, or healthcare professional, this textbook equips you with the knowledge and expertise to navigate the exciting world of stem cell-based therapies for autoimmune disorders.
By Atuluri Vamsi Kumar
Future of Embryology by Attuluri Vamsi KumarVamsi kumar
This comprehensive PowerPoint presentation offers a detailed exploration of the dynamic field of embryology and its significant role in medical science. Titled "Navigating the Future of Embryology: Innovations and Ethical Considerations," it delves into the history, current practices, and future prospects of embryology. It covers the evolution of embryological studies, the vital role of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in shaping guidelines, and the impact of technological advancements on the discipline. With a focus on predictions and trends, the presentation also contemplates potential future amendments to guidelines in response to evolving technologies and ethical considerations. This resource is invaluable for medical professionals, researchers, and students keen on understanding the trajectory of embryology and its implications for future medical practices.
I am Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Academician in Medical Laboratory Sciences of highly successful job experience and a strong desire to improve OBE structured MLT education. I am constantly focusing on building an academic atmosphere that is set high standards with strong multi blended teaching pedagogy models. Contact me at 7416660584.
Notes of Shape and Size of RBCs, Structure of RBCs, Life Cycle of RBCs, Funct...Vamsi kumar
Red Blood Cells (RBCs) possess unique attributes essential for their function in the circulatory system. Their distinctive biconcave shape maximizes surface area for efficient gas exchange. Structurally, mature RBCs lack a nucleus, making room for hemoglobin, a molecule vital for oxygen and carbon dioxide transport. These cells undergo a lifecycle that lasts about 120 days, originating from the bone marrow and eventually being removed by the spleen. Their primary role involves ferrying oxygen to body tissues and removing carbon dioxide. Additionally, changes in RBC size, shape, or hemoglobin content can signify various medical conditions, and there are specific disorders, like anemia or sickle cell disease, that directly impact RBCs.
What is Medical Lab Technology, Difference between Treatment, Prognosis and Diagnosis, Role of Doctor or Physician and Medical Lab Technologist, Vital Signs, Significance of Vital Signs Assessment, Difference Between Signs and Symptoms in Patient Assessment, Example Case Study on Signs and Symptoms, Definition of Disease, Definition of Illness, Definition of Infection, Factors Contributing to Disease, Introduction to Factors Contributing to Disease, Types of Samples that Can be Collected from Patients for Clinical Diagnosis, Additional Types of Samples for Clinical Diagnosis.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
Welcome to the Hematology Laboratory Practical Manual, an essential tool in your journey as a Medical Laboratory Technology student. This manual has been meticulously curated to provide an effective foundation for your practical skills in hematology and enhance your understanding of the human blood system's dynamics.
Hematology, a branch of medicine, focuses on the study of blood, blood-forming organs, and blood diseases. It includes the study of etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention of blood diseases. The manual bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, intending to prepare you to perform and interpret various laboratory tests related to blood.
The manual introduces you to laboratory practices, standard operating procedures, and safety protocols. It explores a wide range of topics from the basic blood collection techniques, preparation of blood smears, and staining techniques to complex tests like complete blood count (CBC), coagulation tests, bone marrow examination, hemoglobinopathies, and blood group typing, to name a few.
Understanding the principles and methods used in hematology laboratory tests is crucial for any Medical Laboratory Technologist (MLT). You will find this manual to be instrumental in developing the necessary skillset and cultivating the meticulous approach required in laboratory practice. Each practical in this manual is supplemented with objectives, materials required, procedures, observations, precautions, and viva questions to enrich your learning experience.
The laboratory is a place where the theories you learn in the classroom come alive. Here, you will understand the importance of accuracy, precision, and repeatability. You will learn to calibrate equipment, handle samples, observe reactions, record data, analyze results, and generate reports. You will become acquainted with the microscope, centrifuge, pipettes, hemocytometers, reagents, and other laboratory tools.
To further enhance your learning experience, case studies and clinical correlation sections are incorporated, connecting the dots between laboratory findings and clinical symptoms. You will be challenged to interpret results and provide a plausible explanation for various hematological conditions.
This manual is designed to stimulate your curiosity, encourage critical thinking, and prepare you for your future role as a Medical Laboratory Technologist. It is not merely a collection of laboratory procedures but a practical guide to understanding the human blood system and its associated disorders.
The path to becoming a competent MLT involves understanding and respecting the significance of laboratory practices. It's about knowing that each sample represents a person awaiting diagnosis, treatment, or confirmation of health stat
This course provides an in-depth exploration of blood bank laboratory practices and procedures, introducing students to the core concepts and technical skills involved in blood banking. The program uses a case-based approach to facilitate the application of theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios, encouraging problem-solving skills and clinical reasoning. The curriculum spans from basic principles and safety considerations to advanced testing techniques and current trends in blood banking, providing comprehensive coverage of this essential area of medical lab technology.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
This course provides an extensive study of research methodologies in the field of Medical Lab Technology. Students will learn the fundamentals of research, how to design their research, and methods of data collection. Further, they will gain insights into data analysis, interpretation of results, and the essentials of writing a research report. The course integrates theoretical learning with practical case studies to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the subject.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
51_Introduction to Artificial Intelligence and its applications.pdfVamsi kumar
This course provides an in-depth understanding of the fundamentals, applications, and future trends of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of medical lab technology. It covers the role of AI in clinical lab diagnostics, predictive analysis, big data interpretation, precision medicine, and ethical considerations in AI deployment. Through case studies, students will gain practical insights into the use of AI in healthcare.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
This Medical Lab Technology Internship syllabus is intended to provide students with the opportunity to apply and enhance their knowledge and skills in the context of real-world laboratory settings. Over the course of six months, interns will gain hands-on experience in essential and advanced laboratory techniques, laboratory safety practices, quality assurance processes, and professional and ethical considerations in the field. Through practical learning and critical examination of case studies, students will emerge better prepared for their careers as Medical Lab Technologists.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
This course aims to provide students with an in-depth understanding of blood banking, including the concepts of blood grouping, compatibility testing for transfusion, and the management of blood resources. It also delves into the fundamental principles of genetics, focusing on inheritance patterns, chromosomal basis of inheritance, and the role of DNA and RNA in protein synthesis. Through practical exercises, students will gain hands-on experience on various techniques used in blood banking and genetics.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
This course in "Virology and Mycology" (701) is designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the medically important fungi and viruses. The content includes an introduction, general characteristics, life cycle, laboratory diagnosis, and the various techniques used in the identification and study of these microbes. This course will also equip students with practical skills, from preparing culture media to processing clinical samples for diagnosis.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
50_Research methodology and Biostatistics.pdfVamsi kumar
This syllabus covers the foundational aspects of Research Methodology and Biostatistics. The course is designed to equip students with the necessary understanding and skills to formulate research problems, address ethical considerations, design research studies, comprehend the basic concepts of Biostatistics, and understand the relationship between data and variables. The aim is to enhance the students' ability to construct, summarize, and analyze data in biostatistics effectively.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
This course is designed to provide Medical Lab Technology students with a comprehensive understanding of the medical microbiology laboratory's operation. It starts with foundational knowledge in laboratory safety, equipment, and microbial classification and then advances to diagnostic microbiology techniques, immunology, and serology. Lastly, it explores more sophisticated lab procedures such as molecular diagnostics, virology, and recent trends in the field. Each unit comes with real-life case studies to further reinforce the application of theoretical knowledge.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
44_Program Elective course - III (Introduction to NABL).pdfVamsi kumar
This course provides an in-depth understanding of the National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) accreditation process, its quality management system (QMS), and the practical aspects of implementing the NABL standards. The course includes an analysis of case studies to enhance the understanding of real-world applications of the NABL accreditation process.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
49_Immunopathology and Molecular Biology.pdfVamsi kumar
This course aims to provide students with an in-depth understanding of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, with a focus on the immune system's role in health and disease, transplantation immunology, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity, and immune tolerance. Additionally, it introduces molecular biology, DNA structure, and replication, with practical applications of molecular techniques such as PCR, gel electrophoresis, and western blotting.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
This course, Applied Clinical Biochemistry- II, is designed to impart in-depth knowledge about the techniques and methods used in clinical biochemistry. The curriculum focuses on automation in clinical biochemistry, methods of estimation and assessment, enzyme principles and estimation, gastric analysis, renal function tests, qualitative tests, and chemical examination. The students will engage in practical applications of these concepts through hands-on experimentation.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
45_Program Elective course - III (Laboratory and Hospital information syste...Vamsi kumar
The elective course "Hospital Information System and Laboratory Information System" aims to provide medical lab technology students with a comprehensive understanding of the design, implementation, and usage of health and laboratory information systems in the healthcare sector. It emphasizes the significance of these systems in ensuring effective patient care, data interoperability, and the integration of various systems for optimized healthcare delivery.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
43_Program Elective course - III (Community medicine).pdfVamsi kumar
This syllabus covers the principles and applications of Community Medicine and Epidemiology. Students will gain a comprehensive understanding of community health, disease control, health promotion, and the role of medical social work. They will apply knowledge to real-world case studies, fostering skills in critical analysis, problem-solving, and ethical decision-making.
Created by: Mr. Attuluri Vamsi Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of MLT, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab. For more details website: https://www.mltmaster.com
This course aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the field of Cytopathology. It begins with the basics of cryostat sectioning and enzyme cytochemistry, proceeding towards an in-depth study of cytological investigations, including vital staining and aspiration cytology. The course then focuses on advanced topics like exfoliative cytology, automation in cytology, liquid-based cytology, and immune-cytochemistry. Finally, it allows students to apply their theoretical knowledge to practical applications and master various techniques and staining methods used in a Cytology lab.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
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- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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1. Module- 5
Topic name
Hepatitis virus
Sub code: BMLT5001
Sub Name: Virology and mycology
Department: Department of MLT, SMAS
Faculty: A. Vamsi Kumar
Designation : Assistant professor
Sem- V
2. SYLLABUS OVERVIEW
Unit-1 Mycology 8 hours
Introduction to medical mycology, basic concepts about superficial and deep mycoses taxonomy , classification &
general characteristics of Various medically important fungi.
Unit-2 Fungal infection 8 hours
Names of fungi & diseases caused by them; superficial mycoses, candida, dermatophytes, opportunistic fungi,
subcutaneous mycoses
Unit-3 Virology 7 hours
Introduction, classification of virus, collection, Transport, & Storage of sample for Viral diagnosis. Staining Techniques
used in virology,
Processing of sample for viral diagnosis (Egg Inoculation & Tissue culture)
Unit-4 RNA Viruses 9 hours
RNA Viruses: Polio myelitis, Rhino virus, Influenza, Rabies, Arbo viruses, Measles Mumps, Rubella, HIV, COVID-19
Unit-5 DNA Viruses 8 hours
DNA viruses: Small Pox, HSV, CMV, EBV, Varicella Zoster, Hepatitis, Adeno virus
Unit - 6 Next generation PCR and it’s modren applications 8 Hours
PCR and Next genration DNA Secquencing techniques to identify viral genome: History of PCR, Priciple of PCR, Stages
of PCR, procedure of PCR, Concept of optimization of PCR, Applications of PCR, Advancements in PCR technology, DNA
sequecing techniques, Methods of DNA Sequencing, Next generation DNA sequencing techniques
4. Unit-5 DNA Viruses
DNA viruses: Small Pox, HSV, CMV, EBV, Varicella Zoster,
Hepatitis, Adeno virus
Unit - 5
Unit - 5
5. World Hepatitis Day
July 28th
A webinar to raise awareness of viral Hepatitis
Organized by
Department of Medical Lab Technology
SMAS
Date & Time: 28th July 1:30PM Platform: MS Teams
Join us
@
https://teams.microsoft.com/l/meetup-
join/19%3a4e47cc08b3464a17ba4fe75105df909c%40thread.tacv2/1595890416
535?context=%7b%22Tid%22%3a%22d988180a-487c-497e-b3d8-
ee0146495fcb%22%2c%22Oid%22%3a%225297b80c-7ba3-4188-a699-
d7c57d66ccd2%22%7d
7. For every 40 seconds 1 person dies due to
viral Hepatitis
• Hepatitis causes
1. Liver Inflammation
2. Liver Damage
3. Liver Cancer
4. Liver Death
It claims over 1.5 million deaths per year.
Nearly 325 million people suffering with hepatitis infection worldwide.
8. In Canada…
• About 1 in 5 people infected with hepatitis C do not
know they are infected and remain undiagnosed
• An estimated 290 million people have viral
hepatitis B or C, with many unaware of
their status
9. 2020 Theme
Worldwide, 290 million people are living with viral hepatitis unaware.
Without finding the undiagnosed and linking them to care, millions will
continue to suffer, and lives will be lost.
On World Hepatitis Day, 28 July, we call on people from across the world
to take action and raise awareness to find the “missing
millions”.
10. Significance of World hepatitis day
• World Hepatitis Day is recognized annually on July
28th, the birthday of Dr. Baruch Blumberg (1925–
2011).
• Dr. Blumberg discovered the hepatitis B virus in 1967,
and 2 years later he developed the first hepatitis B
vaccine.
• These achievements culminated in Dr. Blumberg
winning the Nobel Prize.
Dr. Baruch Blumberg
11.
12.
13. What is Hepatitis?
• Disease caused by viruses that attack the liver
• There are 5 different types of hepatitis:
Hepatitis
A
B
C
D
E
Cause
Liver damage (cirrhosis)
14.
15. What are the Symptoms?
• Viral hepatitis’ symptoms may not be obvious until serious
liver damage has occurred
Most
common
symptoms
yellowing
of the
skin &
eyes
dark
urine
nausea
&
vomiting
abdominal
pain
fatigue
16. How Do You Get Hepatitis?
Transmission
Sharing drug
using
equipment
Exposure to bodily
fluids of an infected
person (e.g. sexual
intercourse, mother
to child)
Sharing
personal
hygiene
items
Using non-
sterile
equipment for
tattoos & body
piercing
During medical
procedures where
infection control
precautions are
not observed
20. A hepatitis-free future is achievable with a united effort
• PREVENT infection among newborns. All newborns should be vaccinated
against hepatitis B at birth, followed by at least 2 additional doses.
• STOP TRANSMISSION from MOTHER to CHILD. All pregnant women should
be routinely tested for hepatitis B, HIV and syphilis and receive treatment if
needed.
• LEAVE NO ONE BEHIND. Everyone should have access to hepatitis prevention,
testing and treatment services, including people who inject drugs, people in
prisons, migrants, and other highly-affected populations.
• EXPAND access to testing and treatment. Timely testing and treatment of viral
hepatitis can prevent liver cancer and other severe liver diseases.
• MAINTAIN essential hepatitis services during COVID-19. Prevention and care
services for hepatitis - such as infant immunization, harm reduction services and
continuous treatment of chronic hepatitis B - are essential even during the
pandemic.
22. Families of viruses
DNA Viruses
HAP3
Herpes viridae
1. Alpha – HS1, HS2, VZ
2. Beta – CMV
3. Gama - EBV
DNA “HAS” the potential
ii. Adenovirus
iii. Small pox
iv. Hepatitis
H
23. General points
1. Introduction
2. Classification
3. Morphology (General properties)
• Size
• Shape
• Symmetry
• Capsomers
• Genome
• Envelop
• Special viral proteins
4. Susceptibility & Resistance
5. Isolation / Cultivation - Animal/tissue/cell
culture
6. Pathogenesis + mode of transmission +
Mechanism + incubation period
7. Signs & Symptoms + Complications
8. Laboratory diagnosis
• Sample collection (antemortem + Post
mortem )
• Transport
• Direct microscopy
• Culture / isolation of virus
• Cytopathic effects
• Inclusion bodies or other tests
• Immunofluorescence tests
• Molecular tests
• Ag detection tests
• Detection of viral specific antibodies
9. Prophylaxis (Vaccination)
• Active immunization
• Passive immunization
10. Treatment
1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T
29. Contribution of Dr. Blumberg
• World Hepatitis Day is recognized annually on July
28th, the birthday of Dr. Baruch Blumberg (1925–
2011).
• Dr. Blumberg discovered the hepatitis B virus in 1967,
and 2 years later he developed the first hepatitis B
vaccine.
• These achievements culminated in Dr. Blumberg
winning the Nobel Prize.
Dr. Baruch Blumberg