Haptic technology

HAPTIC TECHNOLOGY
Prashant Thakur
10/2/2015FEEL OF TOUCH
A touch revolution………
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List of Content
 Introduction
 What haptic mean
 Human senses
 Designing Haptic System
 Component of Haptic System
 How it works
 Haptic Devices
 Types
 Applications
 Future Scope
 Limitations
 Conclusion
 References
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Introduction
 New technologies from the area of virtual reality (VR) now allow computer users to use their sense of
touch to feel virtual objects.
 Touch is a very powerful sense but it has so far been neglected in computing. State-of-the-art haptic (or
force-feedback) devices allow users to feel and touch virtual objects with a high degree of realism.
 An artefact’s surface properties can be modelled so that someone using a haptic device could feel it as a
solid, three-dimensional object with different textures, hardness or softness.
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What Haptic Mean
 “Haptic”, is the term derived from the Greek word,
“haptesthai” , which means ‘sense of touch’.
 Haptic is defined as the “science of applying tactile sensation
to human interaction with computers”.
 "With this technology we can now sit down at a computer
terminal and touch objects that exist only in the "mind" of the
computer.
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 The term "haptics" has been used for years by researchers in human who study how
people use their hands to sense and manipulate objects.
 By using Haptic devices, the user can not only feed information to the computer but can receive
information from the computer in the form of a felt sensation on some part of the body. This is referred to
as a Haptic interface.
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 Human Senses:
 Vision
 Auditory system
 Touch
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 Vision
 The visual sense is based on the level of absorption of light energy by
the eye and the conversion of this energy into neural messages.
 The acceptable wavelength range for human eyes is between 0.3 and
0.7m.
 The temporal resolution sensitivity of the human visual
system is biologically limited and not sufficient to
detect the presentation of sequential video frames past
a certain speed
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 Auditory system
 The human auditory system transmits sound
waves through the outer, middle, and inner
ears.
 This sound wave is transformed into
neural energy in the inner ear. It is then
transmitted to the auditory cortex for
processing.
 The audible frequency of
humans ranges from 16 to 20,000Hz.
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 Touch
 The sense of touch is distributed over the entire body,
unlike the other conventional four senses, which are
centralized around specific parts of the body.
 The sense of touch is mainly associated with active tactile senses such
as our hands touch is twenty times faster than vision, so humans are
able to differentiate between two stimuli just 5ms apart.
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 Haptic Terminology :
HAPTIC CUTANEOUS
TACTILE
FORCE FEEDBACK HAPTIC COMMUNICATION
HAPTIC INTERFACE
KINESTHETIC
HAPTIC DEVICES
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HAPTIC RENDERING
SENSOR & ACTUATORS
TELE-HAPTIC
TELE -PRESENCE
HAPTIC PERCEPTION
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Example of Tele-Presence Control of Robonaut [NASA-JSC Website].
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 Designing a Haptic System
 Haptic sensations are created by an actuator or motor that is controlled by embedded software and
integrated into a device’s user interface via control software APIs.
 Adding an actuator to a device requires a systems-level integration approach to ensure components and
software work together to create the best user experience.
 The actuator provides mechanical motion in response to an electrical stimulus.
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 Actuator − In hand-held devices, the actuator is typically mounted in a corner of
the device casing to maximize the vibrations felt by the hand holding the device.
 Electronics − A haptic system in a hand-held device will use a power amplifier
to drive the actuator.
 Control Software − The controller takes an abstract instruction from a
software application and runs a control algorithm that will continually adjust the
voltage applied across the actuator to create the desired sensation.
 Application Software − This is the software application that is visible to the
device user.
It coordinates the playback of touch effects according to prescribed user-
interface events.
 Component’s of Haptic System:
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 How It Work
 Haptic applications use specialized hardware to provide sensory feedback that simulates physical
properties and forces.
 When the user moves his fingers, sensors translate those motions into actions on a screen, and motors
transmit feedback through the linkages to the user’s fingers.
 The screen might show a ball, for example, and by manipulating a virtual hand through the device, the
user can “feel” the ball, discerning how much it weighs or the texture of its surface.
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 Haptic Devices
 Haptic devices allow users to touch, feel and manipulate three-dimensional
objects in virtual
environments and tele-operated systems.
 Haptic devices are input-output devices, meaning that they track a user's
physical manipulations (input) and provide realistic touch sensations
coordinated with on-screen events (output).
 Examples of haptic devices include consumer peripheral devices equipped
with special motors and sensors (e.g., force feedback joysticks and steering
wheels) and more sophisticated devices designed for industrial, medical or
scientific applications (e.g., PHANTOM).
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CYBER GRASP SYSTEM
PHANTOM INTERFACE
 Types
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 Providing a 3D touch to the virtual objects
 Provides 6 D.O.F
 when the user move his finger, then he could really feel the shape
and size of the virtual 3D object that has been already programmed
 virtual 3 dimensional space in which the phantom operates is called
haptic scene
PHANTOM INTERFACE
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CYBER GRASP SYSTEM
 The Cyber Grasp system fits over the user’s entire hand like an exoskeleton
and adds resistive force feedback to each finger.
 Allows 4 D.O.F for each fingers
 Adapted to different size of the fingers
 Located on the back of the finger
 Measure finger angular flexion(The measure of the joint angles are
independent and can have a good resolution given the important paths
traveled by the cables when the finger shut.
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 Application’s
 FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED:
 Haptic technology can be incorporated into touchable maps for the blind
 To create a map, a video is shot of a real-world location, either an
architectural model of a building or a city block.
 Software evaluates the video frame by frame to determine the shape and location of
every object. The data results in a three-dimensional grid of force fields for each
structure.
 Using a haptic interface device, a blind person can feel these forces and, along with audio
cues, get a much better feel of a city’s or building’s layout
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VIRTUAL EDUCATION:
 Haptic tools are used in a variety of educational settings, both to teach concepts and to train students in
specific techniques.
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ENGINEERING:
 The researcher will feel the shape, texture, finish, weight of his design in the real world.
25

MEDICINE:
 Simulated operations allow surgeons and surgical students to practice and train more. Haptic
technology aids in the simulation by creating a realistic environment of touch.
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MUSEUM DISPLAY
 allow rare, fragile or dangerous objects to be handled
 Allow long distance visitors
 Improve access for visually disabled people
 for 3D digitization of priceless artifacts and objects from their sculpture and decorative arts
collections.
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 ENTERTAINMENT
 Haptics is used to enhance gaming experience
 software also allows you to program force feedback sensations to your game
controller button press
 "Submarines" is a PHANTOM variant of the well known battleship game
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Future Scope
 Holographic Interaction
The feedback allows the user to interact with a hologram and actually receive
tactile response using acoustic radiation pressure
 Medical Application
Use of a central workstation from which surgeons would perform operations in
various locations; with machine setup and patient preparation performed by local
nursing staff
 Textile Industry
User could study and feel the texture and quality of material
during the sale of cloth through internet
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Limitations:
 High cost involved
 Large weight and size of haptic devices (especially wearable ones)
 Haptic interfaces can only exert forces with limited magnitude and not
equally well in all directions
 haptic-rendering algorithms operate in discrete time whereas users
operate in continuous time
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 We finally conclude that the haptic technology is the solution for
interacting with the virtual environment and used widely in many
applications.
 Haptic device acts as an input and output device tracking user physical
manipulations as an input and providing realistic touch sensations as an
output coordinated with onscreen events.
 This technology must be made available for the affordable cost and the
haptic devices must be made simpler and easier to use.
Conclusion
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References
 International Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications, Vol. II, Issue I/III
HAPTIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
S. Sri Gurudatta Yadav, Research Scholar, DRKGI, Hyderabad, India.
Dr.R.V.Krishnaiah, PG-Coordinator, DRKGI, Hyderabad, India.
 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), India Online ISSN: 2319-7064
Haptic Technology - A Sense of Touch
B. Divya Jyothi1, R. V. Krishnaiah2
1 M. Tech Scholar, DRKIST, Hyderabad, India 2 Principal, DRKIST, DRKIST, Hyderabad, India
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International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering (ISSN: 2277 128X)
Inertia Reduction in Haptic Devices Using Force Feedback Method
Avinash Kumar Dubey
Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering,
Jyoti Ohri
NIT Kurukshetra, India NIT Kurukshetra, India
 http://www.immersion.com/licensing/what-is-haptics/how-doeshaptics-work.html
 “Haptic Technology”, Wikipedia [Online], Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptic
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THANKS
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Haptic technology

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