This document discusses green cloud computing. It begins by defining cloud computing and green computing, noting that cloud computing requires large data centers that consume significant energy. It then discusses how green cloud computing aims to reduce this energy usage through techniques like server virtualization and energy-aware resource allocation. Specific strategies that cloud providers and data centers are taking to improve energy efficiency are also summarized, such as geographic placement of data centers and measures to optimize cooling.

1. Presenting By
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12DF333
Under guidance of
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(Prof)
GREEN CLOUD COMPUTING 1

2. ABSTRACT
 Cloud computing provides computing power and resources as a
service to users across the globe.
 This scheme was introduced as a means to an end for customer’s
worldwide, providing high performance at a cheaper cost when
compared to dedicated high-performance computing machines.
 This provision requires huge data-centers to be tightly-coupled
with the system, the increasing use of which yields heavy
consumption of energy and huge emission of CO2.
 Since energy has been a prime concern of late, this issue
generated the importance of green cloud computing that
provides techniques and algorithms to reduce energy wastage by
incorporating its reuse.
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3. INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING?
 Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network
access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources like networks,
servers, storage, applications, and services.
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4. GREEN CLOUD COMPUTING 4

5. What is Green Computing?
Green computing is the environmentally responsible
and eco-friendly use of computers and their resources.
In broader terms, it is also defined as the study of
designing, manufacturing or engineering, using and
disposing of computing devices in a way that reduces
their environmental impact.
 Green Cloud computing is envisioned to achieve not
only efficient processing and utilization of computing
infrastructure, but also minimize energy consumption.
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6. Why is Green Computing needed in
Cloud?
Cloud Data Centers consume excessive amount of
energy:
• According to a report on “Revolutionizing Data Center
Energy Efficiency”
• A typical data center consumes as much energy as 25,000
households.
• The total energy bill for data centers in 2010 was over $11
billion and energy costs in a typical data center doubles
every five years.
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7. Green Cloud Advantages
 Reduce spending on technology infrastructure. Maintain easy access to
information with minimal upfront spending. Pay as you go based on
demand.
 Globalize your workforce on the cheap. People worldwide can access the
cloud, provided they have an Internet connection.
 Streamline processes. Get more work done in less time with less people.
 Reduce capital costs. There’s no need to spend big money on hardware,
software or licensing fees.
 Improve accessibility. You have access anytime, anywhere, making your life
so much easier!
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8. Green Cloud Computing
 Supply Chain Energy Usage
 “Green” Data Centers
 Steps : -
1. Diagnose opportunities & problems
2. Measure & Manage
3. Cool-”blanking panels”
4. Virtualize
5. Build
 Server Virtualization
 Energy-Aware Consolidation
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9. Green Cloud Computing
Architecture
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10. GREEN CLOUD COMPUTING 10
Cloud Platform
Usage based
economics
(CapEx to OpEx)
Low IT skill to
implement
Accessed via
the internet
Third party provider

11. Cloud Providers Measures
 Cloud service providers need to adopt measures to ensure that
their profit margin is not dramatically reduced due to high
energy costs.
1. Amazon.com’s estimate the energy-related costs of its data centers
amount to 42% of the total budget that include both direct power
consumption and the cooling infrastructure amortized over a 15-
year period.
2. Google, Microsoft, and Yahoo are building large data centers in
barren desert land surrounding the Columbia River, USA to exploit
cheap hydroelectric power.
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12. Green IT in developing regions
 Development of ICT
 Moving Processor and Data closer to the User
 Public Policy measures-Germany example, PPP
 Locating Data Centers in the developing world
 Economic Growth
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13. Balancing Energy in Data
Centers
Components : - Data Storage, Servers, LAN
Power Consumption
Hard Disk Arrays-Long term Storage
Server Consolidation
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14. Performance  Energy
Efficiency
 As energy costs are increasing while availability decreases, there is a need
to shift focus from optimising data center resource management for pure
performance alone to optimising for energy efficiency while maintaining
high service level performance.
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15. Energy Aware Data Center Management
OLPC Project
Low Power Computing Platforms- Modern Data
Centers
“Managing” computing load
Prioritization
Virtualization technologies for Data Centers
Cooling Data Centers- “42%”
Used in Solar PV Systems
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16. Power Usage Effectiveness(PUE)
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17. Case Study in South Africa
 Cell Phone Company
 Concerns : -
1. Test Environment Resource Availability
2. No good Scheduling Process
3. Server Waste
 Private Cloud Designed
 Benefits : -
1. Reduced time to test servers
2. Tight Scheduling
3. Reduced people resources
4. “Eliminates Cloud Security”
5. Reduced test server waste
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18. Case Study: IaaS Cloud
 Carbon Emission Directory: Stores all carbon emission rates
for each IaaS provider
 Green Offer Directory: Receives number of VMs that can be
initiated at a particular time for maximum energy efficiency
 Green Broker: Computes schedule with the lowest carbon
emission based on application requirements
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19. Indian Scenario
 Green ICT Standardization in India : - GISFI
 Started in 2010
 Background info
1. High GHG emission
2. Fastest mobile subscriber growth rate
3. Erratic power supply
4. No network optimization
 Solutions : -
1. To reduce carbon intensity by 20-25 % using fuel efficiency
standards
2. Network deployment by developing energy efficient base stations
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20. Indian Scenario
 Data Centers:
1. As of 2007, 14% of all ICT emission is caused by Data
Centers
2. Roughly 50% of the emission due to data centers is due
to power system losses and cooling loads
3. Rapid Growth in use of IPTV, VOIP, enterprise IT
4. Use of both Corporate and Internet Data Centers.
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21. Conclusion
Clouds are essentially Data Centers hosting
application services offered on a subscription basis.
However, they consume high energy to maintain their
operations.
 high operational cost + environmental impact
Presented a Carbon Aware Green Cloud Framework to
improve the carbon footprint of Cloud computing.
Open Issues: Lots of research to be carried out for
Maximizing Efficiency of Green Data Centers and
Developing Regions to benefit the most.
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22. References
 Green Cloud Computing : Balancing Energy in Processing,
Storage, and Transport By Jayant Baliga, Robert W. A. Ayre, Kerry
Hinton, and Rodney S. Tucker
 An Intelligent Cloud Computing Architecture Supporting e-
Governance by Rajkumar Sharma and Priyesh Kanungo
 PUE: The Green Grid metric for evaluating the energy efficiency
in DC (Data Center). Measurement method using the Power
Demand by Enrique laureguialzo
 Green IT and use of Private Cloud Computing in South Africa by
John Lamb
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23. Thank
you
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