1. GRAMMAR BOOK
Spanish 3
 By Emilia Schuvart

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Imperfect
Preterite
por y para
stressed possessive adjectives and
pronouns
Ud. + Uds. Commands
present subjunctive
subjunctive with verbs of will and influence
Subjunctive w/verbs of emotion/
doubt, disbelief and denial
conjunctions

3. Imperfect
 Ways to use Imperfect
 To speak about background events in a story
 To talk about something you used to do as a matter of habit
 To speak about how old someone was
 To say what time it was
-ar cantar
Er- tener
Ir- salir
Cantaba
Tenia
Salia
Cantabas
Tenias
Salias
Cantaba
Tenia
Salia
Cantabamos
Teniamos
Saliamos
Cantaban
Tenian
Salian

4. Preterite
hacer
ver
ir/ser
Hice
vi
fui
Hiciste
viste
fuiste
Higo
ve
fue
Hicimos
vimos
fuimos
hicieron
vieron
fueron
andar
anduve
estar
estuve
poder
Pud-
poner
Pus-
quierer
Quis-
saber
Sup-
Tener
Tuv-
Ayer
Yesterday
venir
Vin-
Pasado
Last
Trigger words
Conducir
conduj-
A noche
Last night
Traducir
traduj-
Por fin
Finally
Inmediatamente
Immediatley
Trear
trej-

6. STRESSED POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
AND PRONOUNS
 Possessive adj. show personal relationships or possession. They
agree in gender and number with the nouns they describe
Possessive long form
singular
Possessive long
form plural
Mio(a)
Nuestro(a)
Mios(as)
Nuestros (as)
Tuyo(a)
Vuestro(a)
Tuyos (as)
Vuestros (as)
Suyo(a)
Suyo(a)
Suyos (as)
Suyos (as)
Mi
Mis
Tu
Tus
Su
Sus

7. UD. + UDS. COMMANDS
Formed the same way as the present subjunctive:
1. Start with the yo form of the present indicative.
2. drop the -o ending.
3. Finally, add the following endings:
-ar verbs:
-e (for Ud.), -en(Uds)
-er and -ir verbs:
-a (Ud.), -an (Uds)

8. PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE
The subjunctive isn’t a tense; it is a
mood. Tense refers when an action
takes place
(past, present, future), while mood
shows how the speaker feels about
the action.
How to conjugate into present subjunctive:
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1. Start with the yo form of the present
indicative.
2. drop the -o ending.
3. Finally, add the following endings:
-ar verbs:
-e (for Ud.), -en(Uds)
-er and -ir verbs:

9. SUBJUNCTIVE WITH VERBS OF WILL AND
INFLUENCE
The infinitive is used when
there is no change in
subject from the first verb
to the second
Present Subjunctive - desire
esperar que
insistir en que
mandar que
preferir que
prohibir que
querer que
es aconsejable que
es necesario que
pedir que
recomendar que
rogar que
sugerir que
Temer
Sentir
(e:ie)
Soprender
Alegrarse
Es triste
Ojalar

10. SUBJUNCTIVE WITH VERBS OF EMOTION/
DOUBT, DISBELIEF AND DENIAL
Subjunctive
• Dudar
• Negar (e:ie)
• Es imposible
• Es improbable
• No es cierto
Used in a
sentence where
there are 2
subjects and the
main clause
shows uncertainty
Indicative
• No dudar
• No negar
• Creer
• Estar seguro
• Es cierto
Verbs
Translations
Aconsejar
To advise
Importar
To be important
Insister (en)
To insist on
Mandar
To order
Prohibir
To prohibit
Recomender (e: ie)
To recommend
Rogar (o: ue)
To beg, to plead
Sugerir (e: ie)
To suggest

11. CONJUNCTIONS
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Used with conjunctives when a sentence provides
a) a hypothetical situation
b) uncertainty about an action
c) unfulfilled condition
When there are gerands, the verb is replaced with
subjunctive.
Always
Subjunctive
Both
• Antes de
• Para
• Sin
Prepositions
> Infinitive