The document discusses different types of phrases and clauses. There are three types of phrases: prepositional phrases, which begin with a preposition and modify a noun; adjectival phrases, which act as adjectives; and adverbial phrases, which act as adverbs. There are also two types of clauses: independent clauses, which can stand alone as a sentence; and dependent clauses, which cannot stand alone and contain a subordinating conjunction. The document provides examples of different types of phrases and clauses.

1. Clauses and Phrase

2. Phrases Phrases - a group of words. There are three types of phrases: Prepositional - starts with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun. It will never contain the subject or verb of the sentences. Adjectival Phrase - phrase that acts as an adjective and modifies a noun. Adverbial Phrase - phrase that acts as an adverb and modifies a verb.

3. Practice: Identify the phrase as adjectival, adverbial, or prepositional. 1. It is of no use . 2. Joe buys flowers for his wife every week . 3. Sunday is the longest day . 4. I can’t finish the report without the numbers . 5. I was whisked into a secret chamber . 6. Toby placed the chair next to the window . 7. The local police are talking to Tom . 8. We hardly ever use the microwave.

4. Clauses Clauses - a group of words containing a subject and verb. Two types: 1. Independent - can stand alone 2. Dependent - cannot stand alone and contains a subordinating conjunction.

5. Sentences Simple- contains one independent clause. The class was very boring. Compound- contains two independent clauses separated by a comma and a coordinating conjunction. The class was very boring , but it was very important. S V S V V S

6. Sentences (Cont) 3. Complex- contains an independent clause and a dependent clause as well as a subordinating conjunction. As the students were watching the movie, the teacher left the class. The teacher left the class as the students were watching the movie. Dep. + Indep. S S V V Indep. + Dep.

7. Video- Clauses

8. Practice Worksheet- review Game- partners: create simple, compound, and complex sentences Game- musical sentences

9. Dependent Clauses Dependent clauses are off set by a subordinating conjunction- it is due to this conjunction that the clause is considered dependent. There are three different types of dependent clauses: Adverb Adjective Noun

10. Adverb Clauses Acts as an adverb- modifies a verb. Subordinating Conjunctions: After, Although, As, Before, Because, If, Since, Until, When, While Examples: The elevator will not move until the doors are closed. No one may enter the room while the red light is on.

11. Adjective Clauses Acts as an adjective- modifies a noun. Subordinating Conjunctions: That, Which, Who, Whom, Whose - Who, Whom, Whose= Describe People - That, Which = Describe Things. Examples: Dad needs a secretary who can speak Portuguese . Grandpa still had the first dollar that he ever earned.

12. Noun Clauses Acts as a noun or replaces a noun. Subordinating Conjunctions: who, whom, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, when, whether, where, how, why. Examples: What happened next surprised us all. The real surprise is how the movie ends.